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Dear Readers,
We are presenting you the Computer Capsule. As per our commitments towards the needs of every student,
this capsule contains all the important facts and details that can be asked in the Upcoming Exams IBPS Exams. We
are starting this with the introduction of the Syllabus. Let us begin now :
1. Fundamentals
2. MS-Office
5. Shortcut Keys
6. Internet
8. DBMS
9. Programming
Languages
10. Miscellaneous
MICROSOFT OFFICE
51. When assigning a shortcut key to a symbol, 56. If you will be displaying or printing your
you should always try to select a key or key document on another computer, you’ll want to
combination that is: make sure and select the _____________ option under
A) unassigned the ‘Save’ tab.
B) Located on the ten-key pad section of your A) Embed Fonts B) Embed True Type Fonts
keyboard. C) Save True Type Fonts D) Save Fonts
C) Assigned to another task.
D) From the same font family as the symbol. 57. In Word, the mailing list is known as the
____________.
52. Suppose you wanted to create an AutoCorrect A) Data sheet B) Source
entry that would type the words ‘We regret to C) Data source D) Sheet
inform you that your submission has been
65. DropCap means 73. How can you apply exactly the same
A) All Caps B) Small Caps formatting you did to another text?
C) Title case D) None of above A) Copy the text and paste in new location. Then type
the new text again.
66. What is the short cut key to open Font dialog
box?
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B) Copy the text and click on Paste Special tool on
new place
C) Select the text then click on Format Painter and
select the new text
D) All of above
Networking Devices
Modem: Modem stands for Modulator-
Demodulator. It is used to connect computers for
communication via telephone lines.
Hub: It works at the Physical layer. It just acts like
a connector of several computers i.e. simply
connects all the devices on its ports together. It
broadcasts all the data packets arriving at it with no
filtering capacity.
Switch: It works at the Data Link Layer. It is used
for dividing a network into segments called subnets.
It provides filtering of data packets and prevents
network traffic also. INFORMATION SECURITY
Repeater: It operates at thePhysical Layer. It is
used to amplify a signal that has lost its original A Computer Virus is a computer program or code
strength so as to enable them to travel long that can replicate itself and spread from one
distances. It can only join the networks that computer system to another system. A computer
transmit similar data packets. It does not have virus has the capacity to corrupt or to delete data on
filtering capacity i.e. all data including noise is your computer and it can utilize an e-mail program
amplified and passed on in the network so don’t to spread the virus to other computer systems. In
help in reducing network traffic. the worst case scenario, it can even delete
Router: It works at the Network Layer and is used everything on your hard disk. The purpose of it is to
to connect different networks that have different disrupt the operation of the computer or the
architectures and protocols. It sends the data program.
packets to desired destination by choosing the best Some examples of Computer Virus are Trojan
path available thus reducing network traffic. It viruses. stealth viruses, worms, malware
routes the data packets using the routing table that (malicious software), Disk Killer, Stone virus,
contains all the Information regarding all known Sunday, Cascade, Nuclear, Word Concept, etc.
network addresses, possible paths and cost of Malware, short for malicious software, is any
transmission over them. Availability of path and software used to disrupt computer operation,
cost of transmission decide sending of data over gather sensitive information, or gain access to
that path. It is of 2 types: static (manual private computer systems. It can appear in the form
configuration of routing table is needed) and of executable code, scripts, active content, and other
dynamic (automatically discovers paths). software.
Gateway: It operates in all the layers of the Antivirus Software is used to scan the hard disk to
network architecture. It can be used to connect remove the virus from them. Some of the famous
two different networks having different anti – viruses available are Avast!, Norton, Avira,
architectures, environment and even models. It Kaspersky, AVG, etc.
converts the data packets in form that is suitable to A person who uses his or her expertise to gain
the destination application. The two different access to other people’s computers to get
networks may differ in types of communication information illegally or do damage is a Hacker.
protocols they use, language, data formats etc. Authorization is the function of specifying access
Bridge: They are used two connect two LANs with rights to resources related to information security
the same standard but using different types of and computer security in general and to access
cables. It provides an intelligent connection by control in particular. More formally, "to authorize"
allowing only desired messages to cross the is to define an access policy.
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Authentication is the act of confirming the truth of Tree Topology
an attribute of a single piece of data or entity. It Hybrid Topology
might involve confirming the identity of a person by
validating their identity documents, verifying the LOGIC GATES
validity of a website with a digital certificate,
tracing the age of an artifact by carbon dating, or A logic gate is an elementary building block of a
ensuring that a product is what its packaging and digital circuit. Most logic gates have two inputs
labelling claim to be. In other words, Authentication and one output. At any given moment, every
often involves verifying the validity of at least one terminal is in one of the two binary conditions
form of identification. low (0) or high (1)
Phishing is the attempt to acquire sensitive There are seven basic logic gates:
information such as usernames, passwords, and AND
credit card details (and sometimes, indirectly, OR
money) by masquerading as a trustworthy entity in XOR
an electronic communication. NOT
A Spoofing attack is a situation in which one NAND
person or program successfully represents oneself NOR
as another by falsifying data and thereby gaining an XNOR
illegitimate advantage.
The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI)
is a conceptual model that characterizes and
standardizes the internal functions of a
communication system by partitioning it into
abstraction layers. The model is a product of the
Open Systems Interconnection project at the
International Organization for Standardization
(ISO).
Seven layers of OSI Model are:
Application Layer
Presentation Layer
Session Layer
Transport Layer
Network Layer
Data link Layer
Physical Layer
Network topology is the arrangement of the
various elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a computer
network.There are two basic categories of network
topologies:
Physical topologies and logical topologies.
Physical topology is the placement of the various
components of a network, including device
location and cable installation, while logical
topology illustrates how data flows within a
network, regardless of its physical design. Various
types of topologies are:
Bus Topology
Star Topology
Ring Topology
Mesh Topology
D H
Delete - To remove an item of data from a file or to Hard copy - Text or graphics printed on paper; also
remove a file from the disk. called a printout.
Debugging - Locating and eliminating defects in a Hard disk - A rigid type of magnetic medium that
program. can store large amounts of information.
Desktop - The electronic work area on a display Hyperlink - An image or portion of text on a
screen. webpage which is linked to another webpage.
Dots Per Inch (DPI) - It is defined as the measure Hub - A network device that connects multiple
of the resolution of a printer and scanner, or computers on a LAN so that they can communicate
monitor. with another network and the internet.
Domain Name - A unique name that identifies a Header - Repetitive information that appears at the
particular website and represents the name of the top (the head) of every page of a document.
server where the web pages reside. Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) - The
protocol used on the World Wide Web that permits
E Web clients (Web browsers) to communicate with
Edit - To make certain changes in existing data. Web servers
Ethernet Card - A network adapter that enables a
computer to connect to an ethernet. I
Icons - In a graphical user interface (GUI), a small,
F pictorial, on screen representation of an object, such
Fax - A shortened form of the word facsimile. A as a document, program, folder or disk drive.
copy of a document transmitted electronically from Instant messaging (IM) - A chat program that lets
one machine to another. people communicate over the Internet in real time.
File transfer protocol (FTP) - A set of guidelines Internet protocol (IP) address - A unique set of
or standards that establish the format in which files numbers that identifies a computer over a network.
can be transmitted from one computer to another. Internet service provider (ISP) - An organization
Firewall - A security system usually consisting of that provides access to the Internet for a fee.
hardware and software that prevents unauthorized
persons from accessing certain parts of a program, Intranet - A private network established by an
database, or network. organization for the exclusive use of its employees.
Miscellaneous
Blackberry 10 OS is the latest version of OS
available for blackberry devices.
Windows 10: Windows 10 launched globally on
29th July. This is the latest version of windows
available for computers. It is yet to be released for
Mobile.
ANDROID 6.0 MARSHMALLOW : Latest version of
the android software released
Google Nexus 6 will be manufactured by Huawei
Microsoft has officially released a beta version of its
Cortana app for Android for anyone to download
and install. Cortana has the ability to replace Google
Now when the users press the Android home button
on a handset. Windows versions of Cortana support
the ‘Hey Cortana’ voice feature.
iOS 8 is the latest version of the Apple phones
Operating System (Next will be iOS 9)