Reform and revolution 1815-1848

 Congress of Vienna:
Prevent other revolutions
 1810 and 1820 American people gained their independence from
Portugal and Spain
 By 1830 colonists’ victories put mainland Spain at its weakest
 Citizens groups blossomed across the continent and reformist uprisings
against rulers flourished
 Thanks to the Enlightenment’s emphasis on education, technology and
rational thought, literacy grew.
 Even aristocrats were ready for change
 In 1830 another revolution broke out in France bringing a quick but
consequential change in government. Charles X had given regressive
measures such as imposing the death penalty for any pilfering of church
objects. Opponents (well-educated and land-owning upper classes and
others from the religious object pilfering class) took these moves as
harbingers of a return to absolutism. During the “Three Glorious Days”
they installed Charles cousin, Louis-Philippe as king and created a
constitutional monarchy
 Louis-Philippe expanded voting rights
 In 1831 workers went on strike over poor pay
 Hungarian nobility lobbied for separation of the Austrian empire, but
without lack.
 Serbs became an independent principality in 1817
 The Greeks won complete independence in 1831
 Rebellions of Irish Catholics against official discrimination
 Parliament wanted to protect agricultural interests, and so they raised
the price of grain by passing the corn laws.
 In 1819, during a protest in St. Peter’s Field, police shot into the crowd
killing and injuring many people.
 Irish were hard hit by the economic downturn, which resulted in the
confiscation of lands by Great Britain.
 Act of union: a series of laws which joined Ireland to Great Britain.
 In 1823 the Catholic Association was formed, this allowed Catholics to
have high positions.
 Great Reform Act of 1832, this act eliminated districts where aristocratic
would become members of parliament by birth right. This also gave
representation to the new industrial cities that have previously no
parliamentary representation at all. More men got the right to vote.
 “Socialists” wanted to better society due to a belief that the late
eighteenth century revolutionary era had focused too much on the
individual and should focus more on the health of the whole.
 Robert Owen inspired the creation of utopian communities, where
factory hands would work a limited number of hours and have benefits.
 In France, three men, devised ideas for well-run communities that
emphasized harmony and efficient management.
  All over the world people set up phalansteries.
 As people became better-educated and were exposed to ideas of
individual rights and popular participation in government, it became
very difficult for the powerful to hold onto that power without popular
support.

What is the title of the video making reference to?

The title makes reference to the reforms and revolutions that happened in
Europe during 1815-1848.