ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
Definition: Adenosine triphosphate is the most important
biological structure that provides chemical energy.
Explanation of Definition: ATP is the bond of an adenine base,
a ribose sugar, and a group of 3 phosphates. ATP has its energy
stored between the second and third phosphate, when a reaction
happens the third phosphate separates and the energy is
released. ATP can be pictured as a fully charged battery. ATP
is an energy giver.
What type of organism each thing is found in: Autotrophs and
heterotrophs.
Relate it to at least 2 of the other words in the brochure:
Anabolic Reaction: Some anabolic reactions use ATP to
build small molecules to large molecules.
ADP: When ATP releases the energy between the
second and third phosphate it transform into ADP.
Explanation of the relationship to Mitochondria: The main
producer of ATP in the cell is the mitochondria.
Anabolic Reaction
ADP (Adenosine diphosphate)
Definition: Adenosine diphosphate is a receiver of energy.
Explanation of Definition: When the bond between the second
and third phosphate group is broken, in ATP, it releases energy
and that ATP is now ADP. ADP is a receiver of energy and can
be pictured as a half full battery. ADP is waiting for a third
phosphate to become ATP and have energy. ADP is composed
of an adenine base, a ribose sugar and a group of 2 phosphates.
What type of organism each thing is found in: Autotrophs and
heterotrophs.
Relate it to at least 2 of the other words in the brochure:
ATP: ADP is the result of when ATP, releases its
energy between the second and third phosphate.
Cellular respiration: When the reaction happens ATP
leaves cellular respiration, and then enters as ADP, since the
energy has been released.
Explanation of the relationship to Chloroplast: Chloroplast
stores energy and ADP receives energy, so they both are energy
receiver
Definition: A reaction that uses energy to built large molecules
from small molecules.
Explanation of definition: Anabolic reactions uses the energy
that is released during any catabolic reactions, making this two
a metabolic pathway, except for the anabolic reaction called
photosynthesis which uses light from the sun instead of energy
from a catabolic reaction. The job of this pathway is to build
large things from small things, meaning that it’s most likely
that any thing that is created in the cell would be throw an
anabolic reaction.
Examples: When amino acids are together creating a protein.
Reactants and products:
Reactants: Small molecules + energy.
Products: Large Molecule.
What type of organism each thing is found in: Autotrophs and
heterotrophs.
Relate it to at least 2 of the other words in the brochure:
Catabolic Reaction: The reactants of an anabolic
reaction are the products of a catabolic reaction and together it
is a metabolic pathway.
Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis is an example of an
anabolic reaction.
Explanation of the relationship to Chloroplast: Chloroplast does
photosynthesis, which is an anabolic reaction.
Photosynthesis
Catabolic Reaction
Definition: Reaction that release energy by breaking down
larger molecules into smaller molecules.
Explanation of definition: Catabolic reactions are responsible
for breaking down things and releasing energy. All catabolic
reactions obtain their reactants by anabolic reactions, since the
product of this reaction is the catabolic reaction’s reactants. A
famous example of a catabolic reaction is cellular respiration.
Examples: when our bodies break down food in our stomachs.
Reactants and products:
Reactants: Large Molecule.
Products: Small molecules + energy.
What type of organism each thing is found in: Autotrophs and
heterotrophs.
Relate it to at least 2 of the other words in the brochure:
Anabolic Reaction: An anabolic reaction is the opposite
of a catabolic reaction, and for that reason before a catabolic
reaction to occur, there has to be an anabolic reaction.
Cellular respiration: Cellular respiration is an example
of a catabolic reaction.
Explanation of the relationship to Mitochondria: Everything
that happens in the mitochondria is a catabolic reaction.
Definition: Process by which light energy from the sun is
converted to chemical energy for use by the cell.

Explanation of Definition: Photosynthesis is one of the most
important processes for every living thing on earth, its how
most living things obtain energy, since autotrophs get it by this
process, while heterotrophs eat autotrophs to obtain energy.
Photosynthesis is the process through which plants convert
sunlight into chemical energy in the form of glucose.
Photosynthesis has two steps, which are, first light is converted
into ATP and NADPH, and then the energy creates glucose.
Reactants and products:
Reactants: 6H2O + 6CO2 + light energy
Products: 6O2 + C6H12O6
What type of organism each thing is found in: Autotrophs.
Relate it to at least 2 of the other words in the brochure:
Anabolic Reaction: The process of photosynthesis is an
example of an anabolic reaction.
Cellular Respiration: The reactants of photosynthesis
are the products of cellular respiration and together it is a
metabolic pathway.
Explanation of the relationship to Chloroplast: Photosynthesis
occurs in the chloroplast.
Cellular Respiration
Definition: Process by which organic molecules are broken
down, to release energy for the cell
Explanation of Definition: The function of cellular respiration
is to harvest electrons from carbon compounds and then use
that energy to make ATP. Cellular respiration occurs when an
organism consumes glucose and through anaerobic or aerobic
respiration to convert the glucose into ATP.
Reactants and products:
Reactants: 6O2 + C6H12O6
Products: 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy (ATP)
What type of organism each thing is found in: Autotrophs and
heterotrophs.
Relate it to at least 2 of the other words in the brochure:
Catabolic Reaction: The process of Cellular respiration
is an example of a catabolic reaction.
Photosynthesis: The reactants of cellular respiration are
the products of photosynthesis, meaning that cellular
respiration is the opposite of photosynthesis.
Explanation of the relationship to mitochondria: Cellular
respiration occurs in the mitochondria