Concise

Drafting
Manual
Drafting Made Easy

VOLUME 1
STRUCTURE
2017
 Concise Drafting Manual

Concise Drafting Manual

Volume 1

Version 1

December 2017
 Concise Drafting Manual

Contents

Contents
1. General....................................................................................................................... 1
2. Paper Space .............................................................................................................. 1
3. Frequently Used Symbols and Signs........................................................................ 3
4. Dimension Style.......................................................................................................... 8
5. Foundation ................................................................................................................. 9
5.1. Isolated Footing.................................................................................................. 9
5.2. Combined footing ........................................................................................... 11
5.3. Mat Foundation ............................................................................................... 13
6. Column ..................................................................................................................... 18
6.1. Column Elevation............................................................................................. 18
6.2. Column sections............................................................................................... 20
7. Beam......................................................................................................................... 23
7.1. Beam Elevations............................................................................................... 23
7.2. Beam sections .................................................................................................. 26
8. Slab............................................................................................................................ 28
9. Shear wall ................................................................................................................. 28
9.1. Shear wall elevation. ....................................................................................... 28
9.2. Shear wall section ............................................................................................ 29
10. Formwork .............................................................................................................. 33
10.1. Formwork Plan .............................................................................................. 33
10.2. Formwork section ............................................................................................. 33
 Concise Drafting Manual

Contents

Figure 1 A1 1:100 Paper Space....................................................................................... 2

Figure 2 A1 1:50 Paper Space......................................................................................... 2
Figure 3 A0 + 0.375 Extended Paper Space ................................................................. 3
Figure 4 Axis ....................................................................................................................... 3
Figure 5 Axis ....................................................................................................................... 4
Figure 6 Axis at Expansion Joint ...................................................................................... 4
Figure 7 Level Mark in Elevation ..................................................................................... 4
Figure 8 Level Mark in Plan .............................................................................................. 4
Figure 9 Opening Sign...................................................................................................... 5
Figure 10 Break Line.......................................................................................................... 5
Figure 11 Sectional Reference I ...................................................................................... 5
Figure 12 Sectional Reference II ..................................................................................... 6
Figure 13 Section Line ...................................................................................................... 6
Figure 14 Double Line....................................................................................................... 6
Figure 15 Drawing Title Text ............................................................................................. 6
Figure 16 Scale Text .......................................................................................................... 7
Figure 17 Footing Type Indicating Line .......................................................................... 7
Figure 18 Foundation Reinforcement Indicating Line ................................................. 7
Figure 19 Beam Reinforcement Indicating Line ........................................................... 7
Figure 20 Isolated Footing Plan..................................................................................... 10
Figure 21 Isolated Footing Detail .................................................................................. 11
Figure 22 Combined Footing Plan................................................................................ 13
Figure 23 Combined Footing Detail ............................................................................. 13
Figure 24 Staggering Arrangement of Bars in Mat Foundation. .............................. 15
Figure 25 Mat Foundation Title...................................................................................... 15
Figure 26 Section of Lift Pit in Mat Foundation............................................................ 16
Figure 27 In Plan Representation of Post Pouring Strip. ............................................. 16
Figure 28 Post Pouring Strip Detail ................................................................................ 17
Figure 29 Column Elevation Detail ............................................................................... 19
Figure 30 Column Elevation Detail ............................................................................... 20
Figure 31 Column Section ............................................................................................. 21
Figure 32 Hoops and Stirrup .......................................................................................... 21
Figure 33 Hoops and Stirrups ......................................................................................... 22
Figure 34 Beam Naming ................................................................................................ 25
Figure 35 Beam Elevation .............................................................................................. 25
Figure 36 Beam Elevation with Variable Section ....................................................... 26
Figure 37 Critical Section in Beam................................................................................ 26
Figure 38 Beam Section ................................................................................................. 27
Figure 39 Beam Stirrup.................................................................................................... 27
 Concise Drafting Manual

Figure 40 Slab Reinforcement ....................................................................................... 28 Contents

Figure 41 Shear Wall Elevation ...................................................................................... 30
Figure 42 Shear Wall Section ......................................................................................... 31
Figure 43 Lift Wall Elevation ........................................................................................... 31
Figure 44 Lift wall Section............................................................................................... 32
Figure 45 Formwork Plan ................................................................................................ 33
Figure 46 Formwork Section .......................................................................................... 34

Table 1 Relation Between Paper Space and Text Height .......................................... 1

Table 2 Relation Between Beam Depth and Face Bars ........................................... 24
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General 1. General
This concise drafting manual shall serve as a quick guide line during
production stage of structural drawings. The need for preparing this manual
arise from improving the production quality of drawings and set a uniform
standard among the designers.

Paper 2. Paper Spaces

Spaces • The designer shall define his or her paper space
depending on the architectural drawing at the initial
production stage. Usually the paper space can be A1
1:50, A1 1:100, A0 1:50, A0 1:100, A1+ 1:50, A1 +1:100, A0+
1:50, A0+ 1:100 plus sign indicates extended paper size.
• The paper size and scale shall be indicated at the top left
corner of each paper in the model space.
• Each extended paper space shall indicate the amount of
extension in fraction or decimal manner. Example A1 + ¼
or A1 + 0.25 which indicates the fraction of the original
length that is extended.
• The text height shall be set depending on the paper space
size. The relation between text height and scale is
described below.

Table 1 Relation Between Paper Space and Text Height

Paper scale Minimum text Preferred text

height height
1:50 125 150
1:100 250 300
1:200 500 550
1:300 750 800

• Every plan, elevation and details shall be placed in a

model space.

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Paper
Spaces

Figure 1 A1 1:100 Paper Space

Figure 2 A1 1:50 Paper Space

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Paper
Spaces

Figure 3 A0 + 0.375 Extended Paper Space

Frequently 3. Frequently Used Symbols and Signs

• Axis: The designer shall strictly follow the axis provided by the
Used
architect in case of addition of new column the designer shall
Symbols notify the architect and make the necessary arrangement on
and Signs the axis. The designer shall use TSSD defined axes.

Axis example with numerical value.

Figure 4 Axis

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Frequently
Axis example with alphabetic value.
Used
Symbols
and Signs

Figure 5 Axis
Axis at expansion joint example.

Figure 6 Axis at Expansion Joint

• Level mark in elevation: This mark shall be used in column
elevation drawing, top of each beam sections and other
details.

Figure 7 Level Mark in Elevation

• Level mark in plan: This mark shall be used in stair detail plan, in
formwork plan, in slab drawings to show level.

Figure 8 Level Mark in Plan

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Frequently
• Opening sign: Opening sign shall be used to indicate duct
Used opening in slab, opening in shear walls, etc. the opening sign
Symbols shall be drawn from left to right. The upper part of the opening
and Signs sign shall be shaded with a solid color hatch.

Figure 9 Opening Sign

• Break lines: This mark shall be used when it is not necessary to
indicate the whole part of the drawing.

Figure 10 Break Line

• Sectional Reference Symbol: Whenever the plan and section
are in different drawing it is mandatory to used sectional
reference. In sectional reference the top number indicates the
section name and the bottom number indicates the drawing
number.

Figure 11 Sectional Reference I

Using sectional reference to indicate separate detail. In this reference top
number indicates the detail number and the bottom number the drawing
number.
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Frequently
Used
Symbols
and Signs

Figure 12 Sectional Reference II

• Section Mark: This section mark shall be used whenever the plan
and section drawing are in the same paper space.

Figure 13 Section Line

• Double Line: This mark shall be used under each title of a

drawing.

Figure 14 Double Line

• Title: There shall be a double under line under each title of a

drawing. Titles shall have a text height of 300 mm for 1:50 scale
and 500 mm for 1:100 scale.

Figure 15 Drawing Title Text

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Frequently
• Scale: There shall be text describing the scale of the drawing.
Used This text shall have a text height of 150 mm for 1:50 scale and
Symbols 250 mm for 1:100 scale. The scale shall be written next to the title
and Signs of drawing.

Figure 16 Scale Text

• Footing type indicating lines: These lines shall be 90° bent line.
Footing type written on top of it.

Figure 17 Footing Type Indicating Line

• Reinforcement indicating lines.
o Foundation

Figure 18 Foundation Reinforcement Indicating Line

o Beam section

Figure 19 Beam Reinforcement Indicating Line

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Dimension
Styles 4. Dimension Styles
The designer shall use the following predefined dimension style.

• 1:50 paper scale.

o Use K2N_50_50 for plan drawings that are drawn in one to
one scale. The first number indicates the drawing scale
and the second number indicates the paper scale. Mat
foundation, formwork layout, slab drawings, beam layout
etc. can be dimensioned using the above dimension style.
o Use K2N_25_50 for detail drawings. These drawings are
drawn the model space in twice scale. Beam sections,
column sections, foundation details etc. can be
dimensioned using the above dimension style.
o Use REBAR_K2N_50_50 to dimension length of rebars in
slab, mat foundation etc. drawings.
o Use REBAR_K2N_25_50 to dimension length of rebars in
detail drawings that are drawn in twice scale.
• 1:100 paper scale.
o Use K2N_100_100 for plan drawings that are drawn in one
to one scale. The first number indicates the drawing scale
and the second number indicates the paper scale. Mat
foundation, formwork layout, slab drawings, beam layout
etc. can be dimensioned using the above dimension style.
o Use K2N_25_100 for detail drawings. These drawings are
drawn the model space in quadrupled scale. Beam
sections, column sections, foundation details etc. can be
dimensioned using the above dimension style.
o Use REBAR_K2N_100_100 to dimension length of rebars in
slab, mat foundation etc. drawings.
o Use REBAR_K2N_25_100 to dimension length of rebars in
detail drawings that are drawn in four times scale.

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Foundations
5. Foundations
5.1. Isolated Footing
• There shall be a separate drawing indicating the position of
each footings.
• The plan designation of isolated footing shall be as “F1, F2, F3…”
according to the number of footing.
• The text height of “F1, F2, F3…” shall be 150 mm for 1:50 paper
scale and 300 for 1:100 paper scale.
• In plan designation of isolated footing There Shall be a
dimension indicating the edges of the footing from the column
axis.
• The scale of the isolated footing detail shall be 1:25 as a result
the detail shall be drawn 2x in a model space for 1:50 paper
space.
• The title of both the plan and section detail shall have a text
height of 300 mm for 1:50 paper space.
• The scale text that is “1:25, 1:50…” shall have a text height of
150 mm for 1:50 paper space.
• There shall be a double line under the isolated footing plan and
section title.
• The isolated footing detail shall contain the following
information:
o The plan of the isolated footing must show the dimension
of the footing in 25_50-dimension style for 1:50 paper
space.
o The plan of the isolated footing must show the type,
dimension and center to center distance of the bars in
both direction.
o The plan of the isolated footing shall have a section line
with either number or alphabetical value.
o The section of the isolated footing must show the type
and dimension of the bars in both direction.
o The section of the isolated footing must show the
thickness of the footing and the lean concrete.
o The thickness of the lean concrete shall be 50 mm.
o The lean concrete shall extend 100 mm beyond the
footing edge
o At least 2Ø8 or 2Ø10 stirrup or according the design
requirement shall pass inside the footing.
o The first stirrup in the footing shall be placed 100 mm from
the surface of the footing.

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Foundation
o The bottom level of the foundation shall be conformed
s from the soil report and indicated in the section drawing.
o If typical column is used throughout the project the
dimension of the column can be shown in the plan and
section of the footing but not necessarily.

In plan representation of isolated footing.

Figure 20 Isolated Footing Plan

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Foundations Isolated footing detail plan and section.

Figure 21 Isolated Footing Detail

5.2. Combined Footing

• The plan designation of isolated footing shall be as “CF1, CF2,
CF3” according to the number of footing.
• The text height of as “CF1, CF2, CF3” shall be 150 for 1:50 paper
space and 300 for 1:100 paper space.
• In plan designation of the footing There Shall be a dimension
indicating the edges of the footing from the column axis.
• The scale of the combined footing detail shall be 1:25 as a result
the detail shall be drawn 2x in a model space for 1:50 paper
space.
• The title of both the plan and section details shall have a text
height of 300 mm for 1:50 paper space.
• The scale text that is “1:25, 1:50…” shall have a text height of
150 mm for 1:50 paper space.
• There shall be a double line under the combined footing plan
and section title.
• The combined footing detail shall contain the following
information:
o The plan of the combined footing must show the
dimension of the footing in 25_50-dimension style for 1:50
paper space.

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Foundation
o The plan of the combined footing must show the type,
s dimension and center to center distance of the bars in
both direction.
o The plan of the combined footing shall have a section
line with either number or alphabetical value.
o The plan of the combined footing shall have indicated
the names of the axes that passes through the columns.
o The bottom bars in the plan of the combined footing
shall be a hidden line.
o The section of the combined footing must show the type
and dimension of the bars in both direction.
o The section of the combined footing must show the
thickness of the footing and the lean concrete.
o The thickness of the lean concrete shall be 50 mm.
o The lean concrete shall extend 100 mm beyond the
footing edge.
o At least 2Ø8 or 2Ø10 stirrup according the design
requirement shall pass inside the footing.
o The first stirrup in the footing shall be placed 100 mm from
the surface of the footing.
o The bottom level of the foundation shall be conformed
from the soil report and indicated in the section drawing.
o If typical column is used throughout the project the
dimension of the column can be shown in the plan and
section of the footing but not necessarily.

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Foundations In plan representation of combined footing.

Figure 22 Combined Footing Plan

Combined footing detail in plan and section

Figure 23 Combined Footing Detail

5.3. Mat Foundation

• The mat foundation shall be in a scale of 1:50 or 1:100
depending on the size of the mat.
• The title of the mat foundation shall be as follows [“BLOCK
NAME” if any] [MAT FOUNDATION REINFORCEMENT IN X-
DIRECTION OR Y-DIRECTION]-[SCALE].
In a new line [MAT THICKNESS]

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Foundations • The tile of both the plan and section of the mat foundation shall
have a text height of 300 mm 1:50 paper space and 500 for
1:100 paper space.
• The scale text that is “1:25, 1:50…” shall have a text height of
150 mm for 1:50 paper space and 300 for 1:100 paper space.
• There Shall be a dimension indicating the edges of the mat from
the column axis. The dimension style shall be either K2N_50_50 or
K2N_100_100 depending on the size of the mat.
• The scale of the mat foundation can be 1:50 or 1:100
depending on the size of the building as a result the detail shall
be drawn 1 to 1 scale in a model space.
• There shall be a double line under the mat foundation plan and
section title.
• The lap length of the rebar in mat foundation shall be 70Ø. Ø is
the largest diameter of the two bars.
• The rebar designation in mat foundation shall have the
following format. For top bars [T followed by the bar number
example “T1”]- [amount of reinforcement and length]. For
bottom bars [B followed by the bar number example “B1”]-
[amount of reinforcement and length]. example T2-Ø16 C/C
150 L=12000.
• The rebars in the mat foundation shall have a staggering
arrangement. That is the bars are arranged in a full 12m along
the horizontal direction and the last rebar will have a length less
than 12m. the next rebar will be laid starting from the other
direction in the same fashion as the previous one.
• Additional rebars in mat foundation shall have the following
format. [strip name]- [name of the bar]- [reinforcement amount
and length]-[ADD]. example CSY3-BB-Ø20@250 L=3000-ADD
• The mat foundation shall have a sub grids indicating the width
of the strip definition.
• The name as well as the width of the strip shall be indicated in
plan.
• Column strips shall be named as [1CSY], [2CSY] … “1” and “2’
indicates the column strip sequence, “CS” indicates column
strip “Y” indicates the strip direction.
• The designer shall conform with the contractor and indicate a
post cast or post pouring strip in the mat foundation plan. The
post casting or post pouring strip shall be indicated with a hatch
and exact width of the strip. The detail of the post casting strip

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Foundations indicating the width as well as the concrete quality shall be

drawn in as scale of 1:25.
• There shall be at least two mat section one in each direction.
The section shall be drawn in 1:50 or 1:100 scale. The section
shall show the thickness of the mat, the diameter of the bar and
the center to center distance of the bars.
• If there is a lift pit it is mandatory to take a section a long it and
show the bar arrangement depth of the pit, mat thickness and
slope.
• The bottom bars in the plan of the mat foundation shall be a
hidden line.
• The thickness of the lean concrete shall be 50 mm.
• The lean concrete shall extend 100 mm beyond the mat edge.
• At least 2Ø8 or 2Ø10 or Ø8 @300 or Ø10 @300 stirrup depending
on the depth and design requirement shall pass inside the mat
foundation.
• The bottom level of the foundation shall be conformed from the
soil report and indicated in the section drawing.

Figure 24 Staggering Arrangement of Bars in Mat Foundation.

Figure 25 Mat Foundation Title.

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Foundations

Figure 26 Section of Lift Pit in Mat Foundation.

Figure 27 In Plan Representation of Post Pouring Strip.

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Foundation
s

Figure 28 Post Pouring Strip Detail

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Columns
6. Columns
6.1. Column Elevation
• There shall be a separate drawing indicating the position of each
column.
• The column elevation shall be drawn in a scale of 1:50.
• Title of each column shall have the following format [C1, C2,
C3 ….]-[SCALE].
• The title of the column elevation shall have a text height of 300.
• The scale text that is “1:25, 1:50…” shall have a text height of 150
mm.
• The size of the column in each floor shall be indicated in the
column elevation drawing. The text height shall be 150 mm.
• The elevation of each floor shall be indicated in column elevation
drawing. The text height shall be 150 mm.
• The elevation shall be in meters with double digit precision and
designated as follows. [+ELEVATION m]. Example +16.00 m.
• The name of each floor shall be written below the elevation. The
floor name shall be designated as follows 1st Floor, 2nd Floor…. The
text height shall be 150 mm.
• The amount of stirrup in critical and non-critical section shall be
indicated in the column elevational drawing.
• The stirrup provided shall pass in the beam column joint and should
be clearly indicated in the elevation drawing.
• The length of the critical section shall be indicated in the column
elevation drawing. The length of the critical section shall conform
the rules of <ES EN 1998-1-1-2015>.
• The longitudinal reinforcement bars in the column elevation shall
be staggered. 50 % of the bars shall be lapped at one section and
the other 50 % in another location. There shall be no lapping in the
critical region of the column.
• The beginning lapping position of the longitudinal bars shall be
indicated measured from the top of the beam.
• In case of smaller story height, it is possible to lap rebars 100 % at
one location outside of the critical region. Alternatively, we can
also extend the longitudinal rebars to the next story where there is
enough story height and stagger.
• Section names shall be indicated in mid height of the column.
Section names shall have a numeric or alphabetic value.
• In case of a short column the whole column section shall be critical
according to the provision of <ES EN 1998-1-1-2015> and detailed
accordingly. Short column may occur whenever there is a beam at

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Columns mid height of the column to support a ramp or stair or part of the
column is inside a masonry infill.
• The longitudinal bars of the column shall extend to the bottom bar
of the foundation and anchored to a length of 15 Ø.
• The longitudinal bars of the column shall extend to the top tie
beam and anchored to a length of 12 Ø.

Column elevation drawing lower section.

Figure 29 Column Elevation Detail

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Columns Column elevation drawing upper section.

Figure 30 Column Elevation Detail

6.2. Column Section

• The column section shall be drawn in a scale of 1:25.
• the column size, amount of longitudinal reinforcement, number
of stirrups and hoops and section name shall be indicated at
the top of the section and shall have at text height of 150mm.
the order of the text shall be as follows:
[section name]
[column size]
[longitudinal reinforcement amount]
[stirrup and hoop reinforcement amount]
• the designer shall provide longitudinal reinforcements of column
in a multiple of 4 i.e. 4Ø12, 8Ø14, 12 Ø20….
• Text height of the section name shall be 300 mm.
• The scale text that is “1:25” shall have a text height of 150 mm.
• The size, length and amount of the hoops and stirrups shall be
indicated in the stirrup drawing.

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Columns Column section drawing.

Figure 31 Column Section

Hoops and stirrup drawing where it is not deemed necessary to write the
length of each stirrups and hoops.

Figure 32 Hoops and Stirrup

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Columns Hoops and stirrup drawing where it is necessary to write the length of
each stirrups and hoops.

Figure 33 Hoops and Stirrups

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Beams
7. Beams
7.1. Beam Elevation
• There shall be a separate drawing containing the beam names
and formwork layout in plan. Beam shall be named from left to
right. The designation of beam name shall be as follows:
Grade beam – GB
Floor beam – FB
Roof beam – RB
Roof top beam – RTB
Rib beam – Rib
Pergola beam – PB
Ramp Beam-RMPB
• The beam elevation shall be drawn in a scale of 1:50.
• Title of each beam shall have the following format [BLOCK NAME if
any] – [BEAM NAME] – [BEAM SIZE (WIDTH X DEPTH)]-[ELEVATION in
m]-[SCALE]. There shall be a double underline under the title.
• The title of the beam elevation shall have a text height of 300.
• The scale text that is “1:25, 1:50…” shall have a text height of 150
mm.
• If there is a variable depth in the beam elevation drawing the
designer shall specify the size of the beam in each span. The text
height shall be 150 mm.
• The amount of stirrup in critical and non-critical section shall be
indicated in the beam elevational drawing.
• The length of the critical section shall be indicated in the beam
elevation drawing. The length of the critical section shall conform
the rules of <ES EN 1998-1-1-2015>.
• The first stirrup shall be placed 50 mm from the face of the column.
• Beam elevation drawing shall have three sections in one span that
is on in the middle and two at the supports.
• Top bars in beams shall be lapped at the mid position of the span.
The lap length shall be according to the bar size and the concrete
quality.
• Bottom bars shall be lapped at the column support and each bar
shall extend 15 Ø from the face of the column. Where Ø is the
diameter of the bar.

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Beams • Whenever the difference between the slab thickness and beam
depth is greater than 450 mm the designer shall provide a side bar
according to the following table.

Table 2 Relation Between Beam Depth and Face Bars

b\hw        450    500    550       600       650    700    750       800       850    900    950    1000    >1000 
 
200 4φ10 6φ10 8φ10 φ10@200
250 4φ10 6φ10 8φ10 φ10@200
300 4φ12 4φ12 6φ10 6φ12 8φ10 φ10@200
350 4φ12 6φ10 6φ12 8φ10 8φ12 φ12@200
400 4φ12 4φ14 6φ12 8φ12 φ12@200
450 4φ12 4φ14 6φ12 6φ14 8φ12 8φ14 φ14@200
500                      4φ14                      6φ12                6φ14               8φ12               8φ14               φ14@200 
 
 
• The side bars shall be lapped in the same position as the top bars.
The minimum lap length for the side bars shall be 150 mm. side bars
does not necessary to be developed unless they are used as a
torsional bar.
• The bottom and top bars shall be bent 15 Ø at each end support.
Where Ø is the diameter of the bar. This statement does not apply
when the there is a cantilever end.
• Whenever there is a cantilever end the bottom, bar shall extend to
the cover of the beam without bending. While the top bar bend
and extend to the cover of the beam.
• Whenever a secondary beam intersects a primary beam it shall be
indicated in the beam elevation drawing with a hatch. The design
shall draw the actual depth of the secondary beam.
• The designer shall specify additional stirrups on the primary beam
whenever there is a significant reaction is introduced from the
secondary beam.

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Beams

Beam naming example.

Figure 34 Beam Naming

Beam elevation drawing example.

Figure 35 Beam Elevation

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Beams Beam elevation drawing with variable depth example.

Figure 36 Beam Elevation with Variable Section

Beam section with critical section indicated.

Figure 37 Critical Section in Beam

7.2. Beam section

• The beam section shall be drawn in a scale of 1:25.
• the beam section shall have the following information:
[section name]
[top and bottom reinforcement]
[side reinforcement]
[elevation]
[scale]
The text height for the above information shall be 150 mm.
• The scale text that is “1:25” shall have a text height of 150 mm.
• The size, length and number of stirrups shall be indicated in the
stirrup drawing.

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Beams Beam section example.

Figure 38 Beam Section

Beam stirrup example.

Figure 39 Beam Stirrup

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Slabs 8. Slabs
• The slab drawing shall be in a scale of 1:50 or 1:100 depending
on the size of the drawing.
• The slab drawing title shall be as follows. [BLOCK NAME if any] –
[FLOOR NAME] – [REINFORCEMENT LAYOUT PLAN] –[X/Y-
DIRECTION] [@ ELEVATION] -[SCALE]
[SLAB THICKNESS] IN mm.
• To avoid congestion in the drawing the designer shall have to
separate slab drawing indicating slab reinforcement in each
direction.

Figure 40 Slab Reinforcement

Shear Walls 9. Shear Walls

9.1. Shear wall elevation.
• The term shear wall here indicates structural walls that resist
lateral loads and lift walls that incase lifts.
• The shear wall elevation shall be drawn in a scale of 1:50.
• Shear walls shall be named in the following format [SW1, SW2,
SW3 ….].
• There shall be a separate drawing indicating the position of
each column and shear wall.
• The title of the shear wall elevation shall have a text height of
300.
• The scale text that is “1:25, 1:50…” shall have a text height of
150 mm.
• The elevation of each floor shall be indicated in shear wall
elevation drawing. The text height shall be 150 mm.
• The elevation shall be in meters with double digit precision and
designated as follows. [+ELEVATION in m]. Example +16.00 m.

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Shear Walls • The name of each floor shall be written below the elevation.
The floor name shall be designated as follows 1st Floor, 2nd
Floor…. The text height shall be 150 mm.
• The length of the critical section shall be indicated in the shear
wall elevation drawing. The length of the critical section shall
conform the rules of <ES EN 1998-1-1-2015>.
• The longitudinal reinforcement bars in the shear wall elevation
shall be staggered. 50 % of the bars shall be lapped at one
section and the other 50 % in another location. There shall be no
lapping in the critical region of the shear wall.
• The beginning lapping position of the longitudinal bars shall be
indicated measured from the top of the floor or beam.
• In case of smaller story height, it is possible to lap rebars 100 % at
one location outside of the critical region. Alternatively, we can
also extend the longitudinal rebars to the next story where there
is enough story height and stagger.
• Section names shall be indicated in mid height of the shear
wall. In case of opening the designer shall add one additional
section to indicate the opening. Section names shall have a
numeric or alphabetic value.
• The longitudinal bars of the shear wall shall extend to the
bottom bar of the foundation and anchored to a length of 15
Ø.
• The longitudinal bars of the shear wall shall extend to the top
slab level and anchored to a length of 12 Ø.

9.2. Shear wall Section

• The shear wall section shall be drawn in a scale of 1:25.
• the shear wall size, amount of longitudinal reinforcement,
number of stirrups and hoops and section name shall be
indicated at the top of the section and shall have at text height
of 150mm. the order of the text shall be as follows:
[section name]
[shear wall size]
• Text height of the section name shall be 300 mm.
• The scale text that is “1:25” shall have a text height of 150 mm.
• The size, length and amount of the hoops and stirrups shall be
indicated in the stirrup drawing.
• The amount of stirrup in critical and non-critical section shall be
indicated in the shear wall section drawing.

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Shear Walls • The confined section of the shear wall shall be hatched with a
scale 30.
• The designer shall dimension each parts of the shear wall
section.

Shear wall elevation drawing example.

Figure 41 Shear Wall Elevation

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Shear Walls Shear wall section example.

Figure 42 Shear Wall Section

Shear wall section name using sectional reference symbol.

Figure 43 Lift Wall Elevation

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Shear Walls Lift wall section at different levels.

Figure 44 Lift wall Section

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Formworks
10. Formworks
10.1. Formwork Plan
• The formwork plan shall be in a scale of 1:50 or 1:100 depending on
the size of the drawing.
• The formwork plan title shall be as follows. [BLOCK NAME if any] –
[FLOOR NAME] – [FORMWORK LAYOUT PLAN] - [@ ELEVATION] -
[SCALE].
• Different elevation in the formwork plan shall be designated with
different hatch lines.
• The formwork plan shall have a section line

10.2.Formwork section
• The formwork section shall be in a scale of 1:50.
• The formwork section title shall be as follows. [BLOCK NAME if any] –
[SECTION NAME] - [SCALE].
• The formwork section shall contain the following information the
floor elevation, the floor name, foundation type, fill height, beam
depth, slab thickness.

Formwork plan example.

Figure 45 Formwork Plan

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Formworks Formwork section example.

Figure 46 Formwork Section

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