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DATA INTERPRETATION – PIE CHARTS

WHAT ARE PIE CHARTS?

Pie graphs are circular shaped graphs which are divided into sectors or slices to represent
numerical data. In a pie chart, the length or central angle of each sector or slice is proportional
to the quantity it represents.

PIE CHART CONSTRUCTION-

You should learn how to make a pie chart, so as to answer the questions based on the same with
ease. While making a pie chart, every component is graphed in such a manner such that the size
of the pie it represents corresponds to its real value on a relative basis i.e. the size of the slices
shows the relative size of the categories. Pie charts use values or percentage or angles to show
the relative sizes of various categories. In simple words, the bigger the slice of the pie, the higher
is the proportion out of the total that it represents.

CONCEPT OF SOLVING THIS DI-

Let us consider Pie-chart as a circle. You can solve Pie chart problems using the properties of a
circle and the basic concept of percentages. A whole circle contains 360 degrees. In a pie chart,
these 360 degrees corresponds to the total of the values represented in the chart. For example
360 degree might correspond to a class of 100 students studying in a school. On the other hand,
the distribution might be in terms of percentages, which sums up to 100% i.e 100 students now
correspond to 100 percent. Therefore 360 degrees = 100 % = 100 students. We can easily
differentiate the entire class into different groups based upon the question statement.

Now to work with a pie chart, you may need to figure out one of the following three things:

1. The size of the angle in a slice, i.e. degrees.

2. The value of a slice.

3. The total sum of the values in all the slices.

PIE CHART FORMULAS AND IMPORTANT POINTS-

Total angle at the center of a pie chart = 360˚

To convert x% into angle = (x/100) × 360 e.g. for 10 %, (10/100) x 360=36˚ i.e. 10% forms a 36˚
Angle at the center and vice-versa.

To convert m˚ into percentage = (m/360) ×100

1QUESTION -The following pie-chart shows the percentage distribution of the expenditure
incurred in publishing a book. Study the pie-chart and the answer the questions based on it.

1. If for a certain quantity of books, the publisher has to pay Rs. 30,600 as printing cost, then
what will be amount of royalty to be paid for these books?

A. Rs. 19,450

B. Rs. 21,200

C. Rs. 22,950

D. Rs. 26,150

2. What is the central angle of the sector corresponding to the expenditure incurred on Royalty?

A. 15°

B. 24°

C. 54°

D. 48°

3. The price of the book is marked 20% above the C.P. If the marked price of the book is Rs. 180,
then what is the cost of the paper used in a single copy of the book?

A. Rs. 36

B. Rs. 37.50

C. Rs. 42

D. Rs. 44.25

4. If 5500 copies are published and the transportation cost on them amounts to Rs. 82500, then
what should be the selling price of the book so that the publisher can earn a profit of 25%?
A. Rs. 187.50

B. Rs. 191.50

C. Rs. 175

D. Rs. 180

5. Royalty on the book is less than the printing cost by:

A. 5%

B. 33 1/ 5%

C. 20%

D. 25%

6. If the difference between the two expenditures is represented by 18° in the pie-chart, then
these expenditures possibly are

A. Binding Cost and Promotion Cost

B. Paper Cost and Royalty

C. Binding Cost and Printing Cost

D. Paper Cost and Printing Cost

7. For an edition of 12,500 copies, the amount of Royalty paid by the publisher is Rs. 2,81,250.
What should be the selling price of the book if the publisher desires a profit of 5%?

A. Rs. 152.50

B. Rs. 157.50

C. Rs. 162.50

D. Rs. 167.50

8. If for an edition of the book, the cost of paper is Rs. 56250, then find the promotion cost for
this edition.

A. Rs. 20,000

B. Rs. 22,500

C. Rs. 25,500

D. Rs. 28,125

9. Which two expenditures together have central angle of 108°?

A. Biding Cost and Transportation Cost

B. Printing Cost and Paper Cost

C. Royalty and Promotion Cost

D. Binding Cost and Paper Cost

2QUESTION-The following pie charts exhibit the distribution of the overseas tourist traffic from
India. The two charts show the tourist distribution by country and the age profiles of the
tourists respectively.

1. What percentage of Indian tourist went to either USA or UK ?

A. 40 %

B. 50 %

C. 60 %

D. 70 %

2. The ratio of the number of Indian tourists that went to USA to the number of Indian tourists
who were below 30 years of age is?

A. 2:1
B. 8:3

C. 3:8

D. Cannot be determined

3. If amongst other countries, Switzerland accounted for 25% of the Indian tourist traffic, and it
is known from official Swiss records that a total of 25 lakh Indian tourists had gone to
Switzerland during the year, then find the number of 30-39 year old Indian tourists who went
abroad in that year ?

A. 18.75 lakhs

B. 25 lakhs

C. 50 lakhs

D. 75 lakhs

3DIRECTIONS for questions 1-5: The pie chart given below shows the spending of a family on
different articles for the year 2000. Analyse the pie chart and answer the questions which
follow.

1. If the total amount that was spent in the year 2000 was 50000, the amount that was spent on
food was

A. Rs.225000

B. Rs.22500

C. Rs.24000

D. Rs.21400
2. If the total amount that was spent in the year2000 was Rs. 48000, the amount that was spent
on housing and clothing combined was

A. Rs.9600

B. Rs.8000

C. Rs.10000

D. Rs.12000

3. The ratio of the amount spent on teaching and education to clothing and food was

A. 3:2

B. 2:3

C. 1:5

D. 1:2

4. According to the graph, the maximum amount that was spent was on which item (if the
expenditure that is given to be Rs. 58256)?

A. Food

B. Housing

C. Clothing

D. Others

5. If the amount spent during the year 2000 was Rs. 62000, the amount spent on clothing during
the year was

A. Rs. 1500

B. Rs. 15000

C. Rs. 3100

D. Rs. 3200
4.Directions: Study the pie chart given below which indicates the profit earned by banks and
answer the question that follow

1. Of the total profit of all banks shown in the chart, what percent profit was earned by Bank of
India?

A. 10% -

B. 15%

C. 18%

D. 22%

E. 12%

2. What is the ratio of profits earned by Oriental Bank and Canara Bank?

A. 1 : 2

B. 1 : 3

C. 1 : 2.5

D. 1 : 2.3-

E. 1.3 : 2.3

3. What is the angle of the Bank of Baroda sector in the pie chart?

A. 28˚

B. 32.5˚ -

C. 35˚
D. 43.5˚

E. 37.5˚

4. Which two banks occupy exactly same space in the pie chart?

A. Bank of India and Punjab National Bank

B. Syndicate Bank and Central Bank of India

C. Indian Overseas Bank and Corporation Bank -

D. Syndicate Bank and Oriental Bank

E. None of these

5. Which Bank occupies only about 13° space in the pie?

A. Syndicate Bank

B. Corporation Bank

C. Punjab National Bank

D. Central Bank -

E. None of these