NOV 2011 - MARCH 2012 [CHM213 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY]

TUTORIAL: IONIC EQUILIBRIUM

1. What is the pH of (a) 0.028 M solution of NaOH (b) a 0.0011M solution of Ca(OH) 2?
Answer: (a) 12.45 (b) 11.04

2. Calculate the pH of a 0.20M solution of HCN (Ka = 4.9x10-10) Answer: 5.00

3. (a) Calculate the pH of a 0.20M CH3COOH solution

(b) What is the pH of a solution containing both 0.20 M CH 3COOH and 0.3 M CH3COONa? The Ka of
CH3COOH is 1.8 x 10-5. Answer: (a) 2.72 (b) 4.92

4. A student prepared a 0.10 M solution of formic acid (HCHO 2) and measured its pH using pH meter. The pH
at 25oC was found to be 2.38
(a) Calculate Ka for formic acid at this temperature
(b) What percentage of the acid is ionized in this 0.10M solution? Answer: (a) 1.8 x 10-4 (b) 4.2%

5. Calculate the percentage of HF molecules ionized in (a) a 0.10 M HF solution (b) a 0.010 M HF solution (Ka
for HF = 6.8 x 10-4). Answer: (a) 7.9% (b) 23%

6. (a) Calculate the pH of a buffer system containing 1.0 M CH 3COOH and 1.0M CH3COONa
(b) What is the pH of the buffer system after the addition of 0.1 mole of gaseous HCl to 1.0 L of the
solution? Assume that the volume of the solution does not change when the HCl is added. The K a of
CH3COOH is 1.8 x 10-5 Answer: (a) 4.74 (b) 4.66

7. The solubility of CO2 in pure water at 25oC and 0.1atm pressure is 0.0037M. the common practice is to
assume that all of the dissolved CO2 is in the form of carbonic acid (H2CO3), which is produced by reaction
between CO2 and H2O
CO2(aq) + H2O(l) H2CO3 (aq)
What is the pH of a 0.0037 M solution of H2CO3 ? Answer: 4.40

8. Calculate the concentration of OH- in a 0.15M solution of NH3. The Kb of NH3 is 1.8 x 10-5
Answer: 1.6 x 10-3 M

9. A solution made by adding solid sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) to enough water to make 2.00 L of solution
has a pH 10.50.
ClO-(aq) + H2O(l) HClO(aq) + OH-(aq) Kb = 3.3 x 10-7
Calculate the number of moles of NaClO that were added to the water. Answer: 0.60 mol

10. What is the pH of a solution made by adding 0.30 mol of acetic acid (HC 2H3O2) and 0.30 mol of sodium
acetate (NaC2H3O2) to enough water to make 1.0 L of solution? Answer: 4.74

11. Calculate the fluoride ion concentration and pH of a solution that is 0.20 M in HF and 0.10 M in HCl. The K a
of HF is 6.8 x 10-4 Answer: 1.00

Miss Siti Hajar Alias (Chemistry) Page 1

NOV 2011 - MARCH 2012 [CHM213 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY]

12. What is the pH of a buffer solution that is 0.12 M in lactic acid (HC 3H5O3) and 0.10 M in sodium lactate? For
lactic aicd, Ka = 1.4 x 10-4 . Answer: 3.77

13. How many moles of NH4Cl must be added to 2.0 L 0.10 M NH3 to form a buffer whose pH is 9.00? (Assume
that the addition of NH4Cl does not change the volume of the solution). The Ka of NH3 is 5.6 x 10-10
Answer: 0.36 mol

14. A buffer is made by adding 0.300 mol HC2H3O2 and 0.300 mol NaC2H3O2 to enough water to make 1.00 L of
solution. The pH of the buffer is 4.74. the Ka of HC 2H3O2 is 1.8 x 10-5
(a) Calculate the pH of this solution after 0.020 mol of NaOH is added
(b) For comparison, calculate the pH that would result if 0.0200 mol of NaOH was added to 1.00 L of pure
water (neglect any volume changes). Answer: (a) 4.80 (b) 12.30

15. Calculate the pH when the following quantities of 0.100 M NaOH solution have been added to 50.0mL of
0.100 M HCl solution (a) 49.0 mL (b) 51.0 mL Answer: (a) 3.00 (b) 11.00

16. Calculate the pH of the solution formed when 45.0 mL of 0.100 M NaOH is added to 50.0 mL of 0.100 M
HC2H3O2 (Ka = 1.8 x 10-5). Answer: 5.70

17. Calculate the pH:

i) of a buffer solution consisting of 0.50 M CH3COOH and 0.50M CH3COONa
ii) after adding 0.020 mol of solid NaOH to 1.0L of the buffer solution in part (a)
iii) after adding 0.020 mol of HCl to 1.0L of the buffer solution in part (a)
Ka of CH3COOH = 1.8x10-5. (Assume the additions cause negligible volume changes).
Answer: (a) 4.745 (b) 4.78 (c) 4.71

18. i) Calculate the pH of 0.20 M NH3/0.20 M NH4CI buffer solution.

ii) What is the pH of the buffer solution in (i) after the addition of 10.0 ml of 0.10 M HCI to 65.0 mL of the
buffer solution? Answer: (a) 9.25 (b) 9.18

19. i) Calculate the pH of 0.30 M CH3COOH.

ii) What would be the pH if the solution containing 0.30 M CH3COOH and 0.4 M CH3COONa? Give reason
for the difference in (i) and (ii). Answer: (a) 2.63 (b) 4.87

20. (a) What is the conjugate base of each the following acids: HClO 4, H2S, PH4+, HCO3-? (b) What is the
conjugate acid of each of the following bases: CN-, SO42-, H2O, HCO3-?

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