Publ

icSani
tat
ion
Poorsani t
ati
oncondi t
ioninpubli
ct oiletsisv erycommonpr oblem i
nI ndi a.The
urbanpoorpeopl eofAhmedabadof t
enf acet hi
spr oblem.Thi salsoaf fectsthe
healthofthesepeople.In2008,
Nati
onalUr banSanit ar
yPolicycamei ntof orce,due
towhi chsanitat
ionpr obl
emsgainedi mpor t
ance.Publ icSanitat
ioncomesunder
Ministr
yofDr i
nkingWat erandSani
tation.SwachhBhar atMissi
onwasl aunchedi n
2014byNar endr
aModi .I
thadanobj ect i
veofachi evi
ngnationalopendef ecati
on
fr
eest at
usbyOct ober2019.Toachi
ev et hi
sobj ect
ive,conti
nuousef f
ort
sar emade.
InRuralI
ndiaSanitati
onpr obl
em isamaj orconcer
nf orthefemal
epopulati
onof
Indi
a.Themai nissueisthatitnotonl yleadstodiseasesli
kechol
era,but
,ital
so
exposeswoment ot heriskofget tingrapedorhar assedwhent heygot othe
secl
udedar easatni ght
.Mor eover,ruralwomendo nothav eproperaccessto
femini
nehygieneproduct
sascompar edtourbanwomen.
Oct
ober2014 January2018
Sanit
ati
onCoverage 39% 76%
Peopl
eDefecat
ingin 55CroreRupees 25Cr or
eRupees
Open

Themai nr
easonf ort heincreaseinsani t
ati
oncov eragei sbecauseoft helaunchof
SwachhBhar atMi ssionon2ndOct ober2014.I ntheur banar ea,Almost600mi ll
i
on
peopl einurbanar easl ackadecentt oilet
.Itisseent hatt hepol it
ici
ansal sowantt o
i
nv esti nschool s,roads,andot hersbutnoti nsanitation.Al soi n2016,I ndi
awas
rankedt obei nt hehi ghestcount r
ywher emostoft heur bani t
iesl ackedbasi c
sanitationfacili
ti
es.Butt hemai nproblem hereisthatev ent hepubl ictoil
etsarenot
mai ntainedpr operly.Peopl edonotwi sht ousepubl i
ct oil
etsbecauseofi tspoor
facili
ti
es.Ason5t hSept ember20184,74, 893Indivi
dualt oil
ets,17, 071Communi t
y
toil
etsi nurbanar easand31,07, 225t oi
letsinruralar eashav ebeenconst ructed
from 2014t o2018i nGuj ar
at.AndAtt heendof201759mi ll
iont oil
etshav ebeen
builtsince2014i nIndia.
Avail
abi
li
tyofpubl i
csanitationbecauset hemaj orpr oblem isthatt
hesani t
at i
on
faci
li
tyi
snoteasi l
yav ai
lable.Sot hefir
standmaj ordemandi stogetapubl ic
sanit
ati
onbot hformal eandf emal eatequal di
stance.Theusageoft hesani tati
on
faci
li
tyi
signoredbecauseofi tsfilt
hysituation.Acl eansani tat
ionshouldbe
provi
dedforincreasi
ngi tsusageandsopr opercl eaningshoul dbedone.Av ai
labil
i
ty
ofwater,t
hechar geofusi ngthewashr oom i shi
ghwhencompar edtothef acil
it
ies
provi
dedandneedst ober educed.Themaj orstakehol dersofpublicsanit
ationar e
Government,Financi
al I
nstitut
ion,Program I mplement er s,NonGov er
nment
organi
zati
ons,Zonal offi
ce,Toiletcleaningst af
fandPubl i
ctoil
etusers.
Theunav ail
abi
li
tyofrequiredwaterfaci
li
ti
esandal sounavai
l
abili
tyoftheamenit
ies
thatisrequir
edi nwashrooms.Fearofget ti
nginfectedbyvari
ousdiseasesduet o
the presence ofinf
ect i
ous bacteri
a on the seats ofwashrooms.The current
i
nnov ati
onsinthedesignofapubl ict
oil
etarenotsuit
ablef
orthepopulati
onofaging
people.Accordingtot her esear
ch,peopleoft heoldgenerat
ionandmanyot her
peopler emar kself-
cleaningtoi l
etsasunf amil
iaranddi f
ficultt
ouseandt husav oid
publict oil
ets.Peopl ehav ingphy sicaldisabi
li
ti
esf acesomepr obl ems.Thet oilets
designat edf orthedisabledar eof tenlockedtopr eventusageofot herpeopl e.Asper
Wor l
dBank,70%ofv il
lagesinI ndiadonothav eadequatesani t
ationf acil
it
ies.Ov er
56% ofI ndians do nothav e access t o basic sanit
ation.The poorsani tati
on
conditionsi npublict oil
etsinAhmedabadar eoneoft hemai ni ndicatorswhi ch
describet hepov er
tyinur banar easandheal t
hpr oblemsf acedbyt hepeopl e.Wher e
Publicsani tationfacili
tyisav ail
abl e,restr
oomsar ef oundt obef il
thyandser v eas
breedinggr oundsf ordeadl ydiseases.10%ofdeat hsinthecount ryar eduet opoor
hygienef acilit
y.Therear ealsopr obl emslikeexcessivedistancefrom t hehousehol d,
the insuf f
icientnumberoft oiletseat s causing long queues dur i
ng peak hour
(especiallyint hemor ninghour s)andt heabsenceofa24x7ser vicef acil
i
ty.
Thisi s a probl
em whi ch i
s sti
llunaddressed even aft
erf or
mul at
ing var i
ous
governmentpol i
cies.The i
mplement at
ion ofthese pol
ici
eshast o be r egularl
y
checked.Thiscreatesaneedforchangei ntheapproachofthispr
oblem.Weai mt o
makef ewchangest hr
oughencouragi
ngt hetoi
letin-
char
get ousenewt echniques
forcleani
ng.Pr i
vateandpublicpartnershi
pscanal soimpr ovethecondi t
ionsof
thesetoil
ets.Thus,thepoorsani
tati
onispr obl
em whichcanbesol vedandshoul d
besolved.
Gr
oup1

Rol
lNO. Name
AU1814006 Prati
kshaVasani
AU1814024 AyushiKot hari
AU1814027 Ri
ddhi Shah
AU1814031 ShrushtiShyamdasani
AU1814041 AeshaShah
AU1814044 Niral
iKatariya
AU1814057 KajalGoplani