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GIVE HOPE
Tips for communicating with elderly patients
BY MELISSA ERICKSON | MORE CONTENT NOW
L
earning how to communicate may need a nap before you talk with her,
effectively with aging health-care Reyher said.
consumers is a fundamental skill “Speak slowly; do not shout,” Reyher
for the nurses who treat them. said. Many women have higher-pitched
Laura Reyher, instructor of nursing voices, which can be more difficult to
at West Texas A&M University, has hear. Use a lower tone of voice and add
dedicated almost her entire career to extra breath-force
providing care to and teaching others in voice when
how best to care for geriatric patients. speaking, Reyher
“Nurses can make a big difference in said.
their geriatric patients’ lives with the Remember that
right communication skills,” she said. “We medications can
can help prevent complications, reduce cause drowsiness,
the likelihood of being readmitted, foggy thinking
promote recovery, improve their ability and confusion, Make sure there is plenty of white space you care about him.
to care for themselves and help keep and that anes- with bullet-point information in order of
them independent as long as possible.” Laura Reyher
thesia can have • Always ask patients whether they have
importance. Health-care information family nearby and if they would like
One of the challenges is that geriatric prolonged effects can be like a foreign language
on a patient’s thinking abilities. their family to be present when you
patients may be experiencing a variety regardless of their educational level. share information. They can be the
of issues, including pain, chronic illness, A few more of Reyher’s tips to • Tell them to ask their pharmacist to extra set of eyes and ears to help
disability, sleeplessness or fear of communicate effectively with geriatric put large print on medicine bottles. absorb the information.
becoming dependent, Reyher said. patients: “Medication errors are the leading cause “As a nurse, it’s helpful to recall a senior
Don’t assume these issues will make • Ask if they would like to go to the of emergency room visits for geriatric adult in your life who was special to you
them unable to comprehend what restroom before your talk. patients,” Reyher said. and think about how you would want
a nurse is saying. If they don’t have • Be sure there is good lighting in the • Use the “show me, tell me” technique them treated,” Reyher said. Ask a few
cognitive problems, “geriatric patients room with light on the nurse’s face. after sharing important information to questions about their lives, such as where
can always learn new information, but Don’t sit with your back to the window. help with understanding and to spot they grew up, what they did for a living or
they usually need a little extra time to Turn down the television or close the gaps in knowledge. For example, after if they have grandchildren.
process everything,” Reyher said. door to limit background noise. demonstrating how to change a wound “Never forget the power of touch. Geriatric
Recognize that an older patient might • Always sit down at eye-level dressing, ask the patient to show you patients often feel untouchable and that
have sensory challenges. If he’s lying in where they can easily see you. how to do it. no one cares for them. The nurse’s gentle
bed, he may have taken off his glasses or • Watch for signs of anxiety, depression touch on their hand or shoulder can tell a
hearing aids, Reyher said. • Use plain language with
no abbreviations or acronyms. and/or hopelessness. patient that they really care about them,”
Make sure patients are in a good state to • Take your time. The tone of your voice Reyher said.
listen to your directions. Check to see if • Provide all handouts with large print
and include only necessary information and the look on your face and in your “Lastly, give hope. Be encouraging and
they got enough sleep the night before. eyes can demonstrate to a patient that positive. Put a smile in your voice.”
If a patient was up most of the night, she written at about a fifth-grade level.
MESSENGER POST MEDIA CELEBRATES NATIONAL NURSES WEEK • MAY 6th through 12th, 2020 • PAGE 2
MESSENGER POST MEDIA CELEBRATES NATIONAL NURSES WEEK • MAY 6th through 12th, 2020 • PAGE 3
America needs more nurses. As we live longer and American now weighs 178 pounds.
the need for health care increases, especially among A hostile work environment also pushes nurses out of
those with chronic illnesses, the U.S. is running short the profession, said Kovner, who studies new nurses
on registered nurses. as they become more experinced. “Nurses eat their
Among job seekers interest in nursing is high. It is More nurses are retiring than entering the young,” a phrase coined by nursing professor Judith
among the top health care occupations, with the Meissner, refers to a culture of bullying, hazing and
profession, there are not enough nursing fac-
Bureau of Labor Statistics projecting a significant 12% initiation. “The people who get promoted to nurse
job growth by 2028 and possibly over 1 million nursing ulty to teach the amount of students neces- managers tend to be excellent nurses but are often not
job openings by 2022. sary to replace those retiring, and it is a tough trained in management skills,” Kovner said.
Supply cannot meet demand, though. An estimated field to work in with a high burnout rate. Nursing shortages affect patient safety, Mann said.
200,000 new registered nurses would need to enter Lower numbers of nurses can lead to failure to rescue
— Cynthia Thurlow
the workforce each year to keep up, according to and can impact death, she said.
RegisteredNursing.org. Currently nurses make up the To handle the challenge, not only are more education
largest majority in health care, with about 4 million in and faculty needed but increases in state and federal
the United States, according to the organization. retiring, and it is a tough field to work in with a high funding to help new nurses pay for school, Mann said.
“This is not a new phenomenon. We’ve had heightened burnout rate,” said nurse practitioner and nutrition Nursing faculty also need to be well paid to train the
shortages before. It’s cyclical. It ebbs and flows,” said expert Cynthia Thurlow, who previously worked as an next generation. There is little to no incentive for those
Dr. Catherine Mann, assistant dean for undergraduate emergency room nurse. in private practice to leave to take nursing faculty
studies in the School of Nursing at University at Buffalo. Work-related injuries are a top reason nurses leave positions or work on advanced degrees, Thurlow said.
The last big nursing shortage occurred around 2001, the profession, said Christine T. Kovner, Mathy Mezey It is also important to get the word out that being a
she said. professor of geriatric nursing at New York University nurse opens many options throughout a career, from
The current shortages could become a long-term Rory Meyers College of Nursing and a senior faculty bedside nursing to administration, advanced practice,
problem especially in certain areas including the associate at the Hartford Institute for Geriatric Nursing. academics and more, Thurlow said.
Southern and Western United States, according to the “They hurt their backs and necks, stick themselves with
“I truly love being a nurse. It is one of the most
American Association of Colleges of Nursing. needles. There are many preventable injuries,” Kovner
gratifying things I ever chose to do and be, but we have
said.
The reasons are widespread and varied. to start providing incentives to encourage people into
Simple tasks like handling and moving patients are the profession, legislate for safer staffing ratios and
“More nurses are retiring than entering the profession,
more difficult now with 28% of Americans saying compensation, and work diligently on compensating
there are not enough nursing faculty to teach the
they weighed 200 pounds or more between 2010 and nursing faculty,” she said.
amount of students necessary to replace those
2019, according to a recent Gallup poll. The average
MESSENGER POST MEDIA CELEBRATES NATIONAL NURSES WEEK • MAY 6th through 12th, 2020 • PAGE 6
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ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE:
SUPPLEMENTING,
NOT REPLACING,
NURSES
BY MELISSA ERICKSON | MORE CONTENT NOW
Artificial intelligence is changing the way nurses Nurses have witnessed advances in health care
care for people. From saving time and money technology through the ages.
to improving decision making and patient care, “Not only are we the ones initiating the changes,
innovation in health care now includes AI at the we are on the front lines to test and tweak the
bedside. AI will be challenged to ever have changes, Burger said. “From test-tube babies to
While we race toward telehealth solutions and the ability to sense or feel what angioplasty to robotic surgeries and the electronic
increased machine learning, experts stress that health record, nurses are not only present but
robots will not replace nurses. Artificial intelligence patients are saying and relate it to essential to the success of these improvements.”
can never take the place of the care, skill and the caring connection provided People often think AI equals robots, but that’s not
art of nursing, said registered nurse Catherine by human touch and connection. the case, Li said. It’s also patients interacting with
Burger, spokeswoman for RegisteredNursing. an iPad logging in to look at lab results, ordering
org, a nonprofit that promotes education and — Catherine Burger
a meal in a hospital and talking to nurses and
employment resources. doctors.
“AI will be challenged to ever have the ability to “What started with a tool to record health
sense or feel what patients are saying and relate it information is rapidly changing into predictability
to the caring connection provided by human touch models that can provide nurses information on a
and connection,” she said. patient’s pending decline so they can intervene earlier in the process,” Burger
“Robots can do a lot, though. These new technologies can help nurses do their said. Once a certain criteria is met, such as an elevated temperature or lab result,
jobs more efficiently,” said Ping Li, instructor of information management in the AI triggers an alert for a nurse or other provider to check in on a patient, Li said.
College of Nursing at University of Wisconsin Oshkosh. Nurses use numerous formats of AI in their practice.
In certain situations, for example treating a patient in isolation for COVID-19, “Smart apps now hold the pharmaceutical, pathophysiology and dosage
a robot with a camera could enter a room and interact with a patient while a calculations we once held in our brains. The electronic health record allows for
nurse remotely controls the robot, viewing the images captured on a computer, clear documentation, communication and even differential diagnosis to help
Li said. drive care and improve patient outcomes,” Burger said.
MESSENGER POST MEDIA CELEBRATES NATIONAL NURSES WEEK • MAY 6th through 12th, 2020 • PAGE 8