SMK PUCHONG UTAMA (1) Jawapan

   
SPM Kimia Tingkatan 4,5 - Untitled Kertas 3
1 (a) Problem statement: How to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide?
. (b) Manipulated variable: Quantity of oxygen
      Constant variable: Type of metal
      Responding variable: Mass of magnesium oxide formed/empirical formula of
magnesium oxide
(c) The empirical formula of magnesium oxide can be determined by finding out the mass
of magnesium and
      oxygen in a sample of magnesium oxide.
(d) Substance: Magnesium tape
      Apparatus: Crucible and lid, tripod stand, weighing balance, clay-pipe triangle
(e) Procedures:
      – The crucible and the lid is weighed and the mass is recorded.
      – The magnesium tape that is cleaned with sandpaper is coiled and placed in the
crucible with the lid and
          weighed again.
      – The crucible without the lid filled with magnesium tape is heated slowly and then
strongly on top of the
         clay-pipe triangle and tripod stand.
      – As soon as the magnesium tape burnt, the crucible is closed with its lid and followed
with a strong
         heating and open once in a while but make sure that the white fume does not escape.
      – When magnesium burnt completely, the lid is opened and continued with strong
heating, then left to cool
          to room temperature and the crucible with its lid and contents are weighed again.
      – The heating, cooling and weighing steps are repeated until a constant mass is
obtained.
(f) 

2 (a) (i) Pipette

.      (ii) Phenolphthalein
(b) The solution in the flask changes from pink to colourless
     The total volume of the reacting mixture increases.
(c)

(d)
     
 
(e) (i) H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
     (ii) 1 mole of sulphuric acid reacts completely with 2 moles of sodium hydroxide.

     
3 (a) Formation of soot
. (b) (i) The black spot formed by the combustion of hexene is darker than the one formed
by the combustion of
            hexane.
     (ii) This is because hexene has a higher percentage of carbon than hexane.