VEdic Maths PDF

Quantitative Aptitude – 1 P-1 (BS)
Vedic Maths: Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Squares

Answers and Explanations
1 d 2 d 3 b 4 b 5 d 6 c 7 a 8 d 9 b 10 a
11 d 12 a 13 b 14 b 15 a 16 d 17 b 18 d 19 a 20 a
21 b 22 c 23 d 24 c 25 b 26 c 27 c 28 a 29 c 30 c
31 d 32 b 33 d 34 a 35 a 36 a 37 d 38 b 39 b 40 a
41 c 42 a 43 b 44 a 45 b 46 b 47 b 48 b 49 c 50 d
51 d 52 c 53 b 54 a 55 c 56 b 57 d 58 c 59 c 60 b
1. d 2. d 3. b 4. b 19. a ? = 5 – [4 – {3 – (3 – 3 – 6})]
= 5 – [4 – {3 – (– 6})]
5. d 6. c = 5 – [4 – {3 – 6}]
= 5 – [4 – 9]
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 = 5 + 5 = 10
7. a + + + + + + +
9 6 12 20 30 42 50 72
20. a ? = 1 – [5 – {2 + (– 1)2}]
1 1 1 1 1 1 = 1 – [5 – {2 – 2}]
= + + + + + ...
9 2×3 3× 4 4×5 5×6 8×9 = 1 – [5 – 0]
=1–5=–4
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
= + − + − + ... + − =
9 2 3 3 4 8 9 2
21. b 243 × 658
Step 1 : 8 × 3 = 24
1 1 1 1 1 1
8. d + + + + + 4 3
5 × 6 6 × 7 7 × 8 8 × 9 9 × 10 10 × 11
Step 2: =4×8+5×3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 8
= + − + − + − + − + −
5 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11
= 32 + 15 = 47
1 1 11 − 5 6
= − = = . 2 4 3
5 11 55 55
Step 3: =2×8+6×3+4×5
9. b Expression 6 8
5
= 0.63 + 0.37 + 0.80
= 16 + 18 + 20 = 54
63 37 80
= + + 2 4
99 99 99
Step 4: = 2× 5 + 4 × 6 = 10 + 24 = 34
63 + 37 + 80 180 6 5
= =
99 99
Step 5: 2 × 6 = 12
81 Now the answer is 12|34|54|47|24 = 159894
= 1 = 1.81 Though here we have first done each step and then
99
at the end write the answer, each step has to be done
10. a 11. d 12. a 13. b 14. b to keep getting each digit of the answer (starting from
the units place simultaneously).
15. a 16. d 17. b 18. d
QA / Exercise - 1 CEX-5301/P1BS/17 / Page 1

22. c 96 × 108 28. a 524 × 368 = 5 × 3 | 5 × 6 + 3 × 2 | 5 × 8 + 2 × 6 + 4 × 3
Base = 100, Deficit = 96 – 100 = –4, |2×8+6×4|8×4
Surplus = 108 – 100 = 8 = 15 | 36 | 64 | 40 | 32
5 2 4
96 | –4
×108 | +8 = 15 | 36 | 64 | 40 + 3(= 43) | 2
(108 − 4 ) | −32 = 15 | 36 | 64 + 4(=68) | 3 | 2
3 6 8
or = 15 | 36 + 6(=42) | 8 | 3 | 2
(96 + 8) = 15 + 4 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 = 192832.
⇒ 104| – 32 ⇒ 103|100 – 32 ⇒ 103|68 = 10368
Right part will now be (–4) × 8 i.e. – 32. To take care of 29. c 88 × 93 = 8 × 9 | 8 × 3 + 8 × 9 | 8 × 3
the negative we will borrow 1 from the left part, which = 72 | 96 | 24
is equivalent to borrowing 100 (because we are 8 8
borrowing from the hundredth place digit of the = 72 | 96 + 2 (= 98)| 4
answer). Thus, this part will be 100 – 32 = 68.
9 3
= 72 + 9 (= 81) | 8 | 4
23. d 126 = 2 × 32 × 7 = 8184.
Since 2 and 7 are not in pairs.
∴ Required number to be multiplied = 2 × 7 = 14. 30. c Using the base of 100, the answer is
(106 + 45) × 100 + 6 × 45 = 15100 + 270 = 15370.
24. c 112 × 113
Base = 100, Surplus = 12 and 13
31. d 426 × 543 = 4 × 5 | 4 × 4 + 5 × 2 | 4 × 3 + 2 × 4 + 6 × 5
112 | +12 |2×3+6×4|6×3
× 113 | +13 = 20 | 26 | 50 | 30 | 18
= 20 | 26 | 50 | 30 + 1(= 31) | 8
(112 + 13 ) | 156 = 20 | 26 | 50 + 3( = 53) | 1 | 8
= 20 | 26 + 5(=31) | 3 | 1 | 8
⇒ 125 + 1 | 56 = 12656. = 20 + 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 8 = 231318.
25. b 92 × 97
Base = 100, Deficit = 92 – 100 1000 52500
32. b 52.5 ×125 = 52.5 × = = 6562.5.
= – 8 and 97 – 100 = – 3 8 8
92 | −8
× 97 | −3 33. d 197 × 203 = (200 – 3)(200 + 3) = 2002 – 32
202 × 198 = (200 – 2)(200 + 2) = 2002 – 22
(92 − 3) | +24
⇒ (197 × 203) + (202 × 198)
⇒ 89 | 24 = 2002 – 32 + 2002 – 22
= 8924. = 2 × 40000 – 13 = 79987.
34. a It is obvious that one needs to do multiplication for

26. c 8 1×7 3 solving the given equation. But observing the equation
=8×7|8×3+7×1|3×1 we can see that 121 is a multiple of 11 and 111 is a
multiple of 3 and, among the given options only option
56 31 3
(a) satisfies this condition.
+3
59
= 59 13 . 35. a 375 × 24 × 11 = 125 × 3 × 3 × 8 × 11
= 9 × 11 × 1000 = 99000.
Note: If you get multiples of 5 and even numbers, try
27. c 63 × 72 = 6 × 7 | 6 × 2 + 3 × 7 | 3 × 2 to maximize the number of trailing zeroes and reduce
= 42 | 33 | 6 the calculation.
= 42 + 3 | 36
= 4536.
36. a Largest number of 4 digits will be 9999
6 3
(99 )2 < 9999 < (100 )2
7 2
Hence, the required number will be (99 )2 = 9801.
CEX-5301/P1BS/17 / Page 2 QA / Exercise - 1

37. d Here, base = 100
 1  1 1  1 1 1  
Therefore, (108)2 = (100 + 2 × 8) | 82 47. b 3 ÷ 1 −  1 − −  
= 116 | 64 = 11664.  4  4 2  2 3 6  
38. b Here, base = 100 17  13  5 1  3 1 1   

= 2  4 ÷  4 − 2  2 − 3 − 6  
    
(92 ) = 100 + 2 × ( −8) | ( −8 )
2 2
Therefore,
= 84 | 64 17  13  5 1  9 − 2 − 1  
= 8464. = 2 −  4 ÷ 4 − 2   
   6  
39. b Here, base = 1000 17 13  5 1 6 

Therefore, = 2 −  4 ÷  4 − 2 × 6 
  
(1008 ) = 1000 + 2 × 8 | (8 ) = 1016 | 064 = 1016064.
2 2
17 13  5 1 
= 2 −  4 ÷  4 − 2 
  
40. a Here, base = 1000
Therefore, (993 )
2
= 1000 − 2 × 7 | ( −7 ) = 986 | 049
2 17 13  5 − 2 
= 2 −  4 ÷  4 
  
= 986049.
17 13 3 
− ÷
2  4 4 
41. c Here, base = 1000 =
Therefore, (1012)2 = 1000 + 2 × 12 | (12)2
= 1024 | 144 = 1024144. 17 13 4  17 13
− × −
2  4 3 
=
2 3
42. a 1162 = (100 + 16)2 = 1002 + 2 × 16 × 100 + 162
= 100(100 + 32) + 256 51 − 26 25 1
= = = 4
= 13200 + 256 = 13456. 6 6 6
43. b 942 = (100 – 6)2 = 1002 – 2 × 6 × 100 + 62 48. b 0.008 × 0.01 × 0.072 ÷ (0.12 × 0.0004)
= 100(100 – 12) + 36 = 0.008 × 0.01 × 0.072 ÷ (0.000048)
= 8800 + 36 = 8836. 0.072
= 0.008 × 0.01 ×
0.000048
44. a 542 = (50 + 4)2 = 502 + 2 × 50 × 4 + 42
= 2500 + 400 + 16 = 100(25 + 4) + 16 0.00000576
= = 0.12
= 2916. 0.000048
Alternate method of using (base 50):
542 = 25 + 4|42 = 2916. 49. c Expression
= 25 – 5[2 + 3 {2 – 2 (5 – 3) + 5} – 10] ÷ 4
45. b The square of the number of the form ‘a5’ = 25 – 5 [2 + 3 {2 – 2 × 2 + 5} – 10] ÷ 4
= a × (a + 1)| 52 = 25 – 5[2 + 9 – 10] ÷ 4
Hence, 752 = 7 × (7 + 1)| 52 = 5625. 5
Note: Number ‘a’ can have more than one digit as = 25 – 5 ÷ 4 = 25 −
4
well.
100 − 5 95
= = = 23.75
46. b 3034 – (1002 ÷ 20.04) 4 4
1002
= 3034 – 50. d We have
20.04
5 2 * 5 2
÷ × = × ×6
1002 3 7 7 4 3
= 3034 – × 100
2004
5 7 * 5×2×6
= 3034 – 50 = 2984 ⇒ × × =
3 2 7 4×3
5×2×6×3×2×7
∴*= =6
5×7×4×3

56. b Expression
51. d 3.36 − 2.05 + 1.33
17 17 2 2 17 2
36 05 33 = × + × − 2× ×
=3 −2 +1 15 15 15 15 15 15
99 99 99
2
36 5 33  17 2 
=  − 
= 3+ −2− + 1+
 15 15 
99 99 99
 36 5 33   17 − 2 
2 2
 15 
= (3 − 2 + 1) +  − +  =   =  15  = 1
 99 99 99   15   
 36 − 5 + 33 
= 2+ 
 99  11 15
57. d Let 4 = a and = b.
15 71
64 64
= 2+ = 2 = 2.64 ∴ Expression
99 99
= (a + b)2 – (a – b)2
= (a2 + b2 + 2ab) – (a2 + b2 – 2ab) = 4ab
52. c [0.9 – {2.3 – 3.2 – (7.1 – 8.9)}]
= [0.9 – {2.3 – 3.2 + 1.8}] 11 15 71 15
= 4×4 × =4× × =4
= [0.9 – 0.9] = 0 15 71 15 71
 5 3   25 15 9   1 
2
53. b  2 + 2  4 − 4 + 4 
   58.c  2+ 
 2
19
= 4× = 19 1 1 1
4 = 2+ + 2× 2 × =4
2 2 2
(0.04 + 0.01)
54. a Expression =
(0.01 + 0.02) 59. c Expression
= 71 × 29 + 27 × 15 + 8 × 4
55. c Expression = 2059 + 405 + 32 = 2496
1 19  19 7   60. b Expression

= 2 +  4 −  6 − 3  = 0.05 × 5 – 0.005 × 5
  
= 0.25 – 0.025 = 0.225
1 19  19 − 14  
= 2 +  4 −  6 
  
1 19 5 
= + − 
2  4 6
1 19 5
= + −
2 4 6
6 + 57 − 10 53 5
= = =4
12 12 12

Vedic Maths : Square Roots, Cubes,

Cube Roots and Reciprocals
1 b 2 a 3 c 4 c 5 d 6 d 7 a 8 a 9 a 10 b
11 b 12 a 13 a 14 b 15 c 16 b 17 a 18 b 19 b 20 a
21 b 22 d 23 b 24 d 25 d 26 b 27 a 28 b 29 b 30 a
31 a 32 b 33 c 34 a 35 c 36 d 37 b 38 b 39 a 40 b
41 c 42 c 43 d 44 b 45 b 46 c 47 a 48 c 49 d 50 b
51 b 52 a 53 b 54 b 55 d 56 d 57 d 58 c 59 a 60 c
1. b 2304 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 250 3
250
6. d Cube root of will be equal to
686 686
4
= 28 × 32 = 2 × 3
125 3 5 × 5 × 5 3 53 5
= 48. =3 = = = .
343 7×7×7 73 7
2. a 7+4 3 7. a The number of boys in a row

= 3 + 4 + 2.2 3 = 20736 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3
8 4 4 2
= 2 × 3 = 2 × 3 = 144.
( 3)
2
+ (2 ) + 2.2. 3
2
=
8. a The last term of the given sequence of infinite terms
( )
2
= 2+ 3 { Q a2 + b2 + 2ab = (a + b)2} = 3 + 2 2 = (1+ 2)2 =1+ 2
∴ Square root of 7 + 4 3 = 2 + 3. On being added with the previous term i.e. 2 + 2
it again becomes 3 + 2 2
30 This cycle repeats itself and finally the answer will be
3. c 6
289 2 +1 .
2 2 2
1764 2×2×3×3×7×7 2 ×3 ×7
= = = 3 × 7 × 7 × 2× 2× 2× 2× 3 × 3 × 3
289 17 × 17 172 9. a 147 × 432 =
= 4 × 7 × 9 = 252.
2 × 3 × 7 42 8
= = =2 .
17 17 17 10. b 614656 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 7 × 7 × 7 × 7
Hence, 614656 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 7 × 7 = 784.
4. c 156.25 + 0.81 − 3.61
11. b x = 144 + 25 = 169
15625 81 361 56 92 192 ⇒ x = 13 × 13
= + − = + −
100 100 100 102 102 102 ∴ x = 13.
125 9 19
= + − = 12.5 + 0.9 – 1.9 = 11.5. 239 961 31× 31
10 10 10 12. a 2 = =
361 361 19 × 19
31 12
= =1 .
5. d The square root of 0.0036 × 10–4 = 36 × 10−8 19 19
=6× 10–4.

13. a Let 0.2 = a and 0.08 = 2b
∴ Expression = 5 + 11 + 25
3
a×a×a + b×b×b = 5 + 11 + 5 = 5+4
=
2a × 2a × 2a + 2b × 2b × 2b
= 9 =3
a3 + b3 1 1
=3 = 3 = = 0.5
8(a3 + b3 ) 8 2 18. b 18225 = 135
∴ 182.25 = 13.5;
14. b 2 0.014
× 0.14x
1.8225 = 1.35,
= 0.014 × 0.14 2 y
0.018225 = 0.135
On squaring both sides.
∴ Expression
0.014 × 0.014x
= 135 + 13.5 + 1.35 + 0.135
= (0.014)2 × 0.142 × y
= 149.985
x
∴ = 0.014 × 0.14 0.00196 19. b Let the number of days of tour be x.
y
∴ Total expenditure = x2
∴ x2 = 361 ⇒ x = 361 = 19
15. c 13 + 1300 + 0.013
130 130 20. a Number of students in the last row = 1369 = 37

= + 10 13 +
10 10000
21. b Base 100. Answer is (100 + 36) | 3 × 144 | 1728
1 1
= 130 + 10 13 + 130 = 1404928.
10 100
11.40 11.40 (30 + 1)3 = (30 ) + (1) + 3.30.1(30 + 1)

3 3
= + 3.605 × 10 + 22. d
10 100
= 27000 + 1 + 2790 = 29791.
= 1.140 + 36.05 – 0.1140
= 37.304 23. b Base 1000. Answer is (1000 + 15) | 3 × 25 | 125
= 1015075125.
x
16. b Let 0.03 = x ⇒ 0.003 =
10
24. d Base 1000. Answer is (1000-9) | 3 × ( −3 )2 | ( −3 )3
y = 991 | 27 | – 27
0.21 = y ⇒ 0.021 =
10 = 991 | 026 | 1000 – 27 = 991026973.
z
and 0.065 = z ⇒ 0.0065 = 25. d Base 100. Answer is (100 – 27) | 3 × ( −9 )2 | ( −9 )3
10
∴ Expression = 73 | 243 | – 729
= 73 | 235 | 800 – 729 { Taking carry 8 from the other
x 2 + y 2 + z2 side}
= 2 2 2 = 73 | 235 | 71 = 73 + 2( = 75) | 35 | 71 = 753571.
 x   y   z 
 10  +  10  +  10 
      26. b 1440 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 = 23 × 22 × 32 × 5
To make 1440 a perfect cube, it must be multiplied by 2
(x 2 + y 2 + z2 ) × 3 × 5 × 5 = 150
= 100 The required sum = 1 + 5 + 0 = 6
(x 2 + y 2 + z2 )
= 100 = 10 27. a 3000 = 3 × 1000 = 3 × 103

Clearly, when we divide 3000 by natural number 3,
the quotient is 1000 which is a perfect cube.
17. a 5 + 11 + 19 + 29 + 7 28. b 12 × 12 × 12 = 1728
∴ Required number
= 5 + 11 + 19 + 6 = 1728 – 1720 = 8

29. b 4320 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 5
= 25 × 33 × 5 512 83 8
39. a 3 =3 = = 0.08.
∴ Required number = 2 × 5 × 5 = 50 1000000 1003 100
30. a Look at the pattern:

1001 × 1001 = 1002001 40. b 3
36 × 9 × 16 = 3 36 × 9 × 4 = 3 36 × 6 = 6.
1001 × 1001 × 1001 = 1003003001
41. c We know that
31. a 3
1728 = 3 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc
2 = (a + b + c) (a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca)
= 3 26 × 3 3 = 2 × 3
= 12. 1
= (a + b + c) [(a – b)2 + (b – c)2 + (c – a)2]
2
32. b 3
144 × 3 1500 ∴ 3 (333)3
+ (333)3 + (334)3 − 3 × 333 × 333 × 334
= 3
2×2×2×2×3×3 × 3 2×2×3×5×5×5
1
= 3
2 4 × 3 2 × 3 22 × 3 × 5 3 (333 + 333 + 334) [(333 − 333)2 + (333 − 334)2
3 2
=
= 3
26 × 33 × 53 = 22 × 3 × 5 = 60. + (334 − 333)2 ]
1
3
= 3 × 1000 × 2 = 3 1000 = 3
10 × 10 × 10 = 10
33. c 486 36 3 64 2
3 3
= 486 363 43 = 3 486 36 × 4 = 486 62 × 22 42. c Here, 3
175616 = 56
∴ 3
175.616 = 5.6
= 3
486 × 6 × 2 = 3 23 × 36 = 2 × 32 = 18.
and 3 0.175616 = 0.56
729 ∴ Required sum
34. a 3
0.000729 = 3 1000000 = 5.6 + 0.56 + 0.056 = 6.216
(9 )3 =
9
= 0.09.
43. d 3
0.000064 = 3 0.008
=3
(100 )3 100
= 3
0.2 × 0.2 × 0.2 = 0.2
35. c 3
32 × 3 250 = 3 25 × 3 2 × 53 44. b Expression
3
= 2 ×5 6 3 = 22 × 5 = 20. = 3
15612 + 154 + 225
3
= 15612 + 154 + 15
36. d 3
12 5625 81×10 4 = 3
15612 + 13
= 3 = 3
15625 = 25
4×3 5×5×5×5×3×3 900×900
= 3 4×3 5×5×5×5×3×3×900 45. b Here, 3

571787 = 83
∴ 3
571.787 = 8.3
= 3 4×3×5×5×3×30
and 3 0.571787 = 0.83
= 3 2 × 2 × 2×3 × 3×3 × 5×5×5 = 2 × 3 × 5 = 30. ∴ Required sum
= 8.3 + 0.83 + 0.083 = 9.213
729 9×9×9 9
37. b 3 3 =3 3
= = 3. 338 2
3 ≈
92 (32 ) 2 46. c Since
473 3
2
338 + 27 ×
38. b 3
24 × 3 9 = 3 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 6. 338 3 = 356 = 0.712 i.e. 71.2%.
∴ =
473 473 + 27 500

55. d Expression
1
47. a Since = 14.28% = (0.98)3 + (0.02)3 + 3 × 0.98 × 0.02 – 1
7
= (0.98)3 + (0.02)3 + 3 × 0.98 × 0.02 (0.98 + 0.02) – 1
3 = (0.98 + 0.02)3 – 1 = 1 – 1 = 0
∴ = 14.28 × 3 = 42.84% .
7 56. d Let 0.0347 = a
and, 0.9653 = b
443 1
≈ a3 + b3
48. c Since
898 2 ∴ Expression =
a − ab + b2
2
1
443 + 102 × (a + b)(a2 − ab + b2 )
Therefore, 443 = 2 = 494 = =a+b
898 898 + 102 1000 a2 − ab + b2
= 0.494 i.e, 49.4%. = 0.0347 + 0.9653 = 1
57. d Expression
1
49. d Since ≈ 5.26%
19 (3.2)3 − (0.2)3
=
(3.2) + 3.2 × 0.2 + (0.2)2
2
8
∴ = 8 × 5.26 = 42.08%. Let 3.2 = a and 0.2 = b
19
a3 − b3
∴ Expression =
547 3 a + ab + b2
2
50. b Since ≈
1973 11
(a − b)(a2 + ab + b2 )
= =a–b
3
547 + × 27 a2 + ab + b2
547 11 547 + 7.36
Therefore, = = = 3.2 – 0.2 = 3
1973 1973 + 27 2000
554.36 58. c Expression

= = 0.27718 ≈ 27.72% .
2000 (0.75)3 + (1 − 0.75)[0.752 + 0.75 × 1 + 12 ]
=
1 − 0.75
51. b 625 + 3 1331 = 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 + 3 11×11×11
(0.75)3 + 13 − (0.75)3
= 5 × 5 + 11 = 36. =
0.25
52. a 243 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 1 100
Hence, the number is 3 and the resultant number will = = =4
0.25 25
be 243 × 3 = 729 = (27)2 = (9)3.
∴ Required square root
53. b Let, 32 = a = 4 =2
79 = b, – 111 = c
When (a + b + c) = 0 59. a Multiples of 11 whose square root are whole number
then a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc = 0 First = 11 × 11 = 121
Here, a + b + c = 32 + 79 – 111 = 0 Second = 11 × 11 × 4 = 484
∴ (32)3 + (79)3 – (111)3 + 3 × 32 × 79 × 111 = 0
60. c Let the number be x. Then,
54. b If a + b + c = 0, then x2 = (75.15)2 – (60.12)2
a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc = (75.15 + 60.12)(75.15 – 60.12)
Here, 0.111 + 0.222 + (– 0.333) = 0 = 135.27 × 15.03
∴ (0.111)3 + (0.222)3 + (– 0.333)3 = 2033.1081
= – 3 × 0.111 × 0.222 × 0.333
⇒x= 2033.1081 = 45.09
= – (0.333)2 × 0.222
∴ Expression
= [–(0.333)2 × 0.222 + (0.333)2 × 0.222]3 = 0

Approximation and VBODMAS

1 b 2 c 3 a 4 d 5 b 6 a 7 c 8 b 9 c 10 d
11 b 12 a 13 c, d 14 c 15 b 16 c 17 b 18 d 19 d 20 b
21 c 22 c 23 a 24 d 25 c 26 a 27 a 28 c 29 a 30 d
31 d 32 d 33 b 34 a 35 b 36 b 37 d 38 a 39 a 40 b
41 c 42 b 43 b 44 d 45 a 46 b 47 d 48 b 49 a 50 d
51 d 52 a 53 d 54 c 55 a 56 c 57 b 58 d 59 b 60 c
1. b 0.2 + 2 × (0.02)2 – 3 × (0.2)3 6. a 36 ÷ 4 × 8 of 2 + 12 − 2 of 3

= 0.2 + 2 × 0.0004 – 3 × 0.008
= 0.2 + 0.0008 – 0.024 = 0.2008 – 0.024 = 0.1768. = 36 ÷ 4 × 16 + 12 − 6
= 9 × 16 + 12 – 6
= 144 + 12 – 6 = 150.
 1   1
2. c 5 × 0.075 ÷  1 + 0.3  × 5  − 4 × 6 × 0.001
 5  
{ }
3
7. c 8 ×  7 − 4 + 2 ÷ 5 × (6 + 2) − 4 of 2
 
= 8 × [5 ÷ 5 × 8 − 4 of 2]
13
= 5 × 0.075 ÷ (1.5 × 5) − × 6 × 0.001
3
= 8 × [5 ÷ 5 × 8 − 8]
13
= 5 × 0.075 ÷ 7.5 − × 6 × 0.001
3 = 8 × [1× 8 − 8] = 8 × (8 − 8)
= 8 × 0 = 0.
13
= 5 × 0.01 − × 6 × 0.001 = 0.05 – 0.026 = 0.024. 8. b
3 4 4
2− 2−
3 4−3 2−8
2−
6 6 2 18
1 6 3
× ÷ of
1 1 6 3
× ÷ − 2 = − = − 1
2 5 8 17 11 24 − 17 18 − 11 7 7
3. a 2 5 4 2 = 8− 6−
3 3 3 3 3 3 3
÷ 3 × 24 + 8 − 3 ÷ 3 × 32 − 3
8 8 18 −18 18 18 36
= − = + = .
1 16 8 7 7 7 7 7
×
2 5 8
= = 5 = .  5.4 4.8 
−
 − 1.6 × 5.7 = 3.2 [3 − 2] − 1.6 × 5.7
1 4 3 5 9. c −
× 32 − 3 3.2 
8  1.8 2.4 
= 3.2 – 1.6 × 5.7
= 1.6(2 – 5.7)
4. d 112 + 113 ÷ 112 − 11 + 11 of 11
= 1.6 × (–3.7) = –5.92.
= 112 + 113 ÷ 112 − 11 + 112
18  30 15 27  18  30 15 27 
= 112 + 11 – 11 + 112 10. d ÷ ÷ × = ÷ ÷ × 
= 2 × 112 = 242. 8  8 27 54  2 2  2 2 3 3 3 6 
9  15 5 9 
17 4 3 = ÷ ÷ × 
5. b − + ×7 −2÷5 2  2 3 6
20 5 20
9  15 3 9  9 27
17 4 3 = ÷ × = ÷
= − + ×5 ÷5 
2  5 2 6  2 2
20 5 20
17 4 3 17 − 16 + 3 4 1 9 2 2
= − + = = = . = × = .
20 5 20 20 20 5 2 27 3

1 5 1 1 5 1 19. d (a) 502 – 442 = (50 – 44) (50 + 44)
11. b − of = − of = 6 × 94 (True)
3 7 1 3 7 1
4− 4− (b) (a + b + c)2
3 5−3 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ac (True)
1−
5 5 (c) (a + b)2 – (a – b)2 = 4ab (True)
1 5 1 1 5 1 2
= − of = − of  3 9
3 7 5 3 7 8−5 (d)  2 +  = 4 + + 6 (False)
4−  2 4
2 2
1 5 2 1 10
= − of = − 1 1 1 1 1 1
3 7 3 3 21 62 × of ÷ 62 × of ÷
7 − 10 −3 1 3 12 18 = 3 12 18
20. b
= = =− . 1 1
21 21 7 of (216 ÷ 12 + 8 ) − 8 of (18 + 8 ) − 8
13 13
1 1 1 1 1
 5 9 2  1  3 2  62 × of ÷ 62 × ÷
12. a  2 + 4 − 3  ÷ 1 4  ÷  5 − 2 5 − 1 = 3 12 18 = 36 18
    
1 2−8
of 26 − 8
 30 + 27 − 8  5   3 − 12 − 5  13
=   ÷ 4 ÷  
 12    5  1
36 ×
2 18 18
 49 4   14  49 5 7 = = = = −3.
=  ×  ÷ −  = − × =− . 2−8 2 − 8 −6
 12 5   5  15 14 6
1 1
13. (i) c 8888 + 888 + 88 + 8 = 9872. ÷ of 3 × (?) + 3 – 5
21. c 3 18 = –4
(ii) d 11111 – 1111 + 111 – 11 + 1 =10101. 1
18 ÷ (2 + 7) of − 8
2
14. c 5 × 6 − 3 ÷ 4 + 1÷ 4 + 9 = 5 × 3 ÷ 4 + 1÷ 4 + 9
1 1
÷ × (?) + 3 – 5
3 1 15 + 1 + 36 52 ⇒ 3 6 = –4
= 5× + + 9 = = = 13. 9
4 4 4 4 18 ÷ − 8
2
2 × (?) + 3 – 5 2(?) – 2
15. b 3125 ÷ 25 of 25 − 52 ⇒ = –4 ⇒ = –4
4–8 –4
= 3125 ÷ 625 − 52 = 5 − 25 = −20. ⇒ 2(?) = 18
⇒ (?) = 9.
9.5 × 6.8 + 9.5 × 3.2

16. c 1 1 7 1
1.9 × 5 − 1.9 × 4 7 of ÷ ÷
9 + 6 ÷ 18 24 8 9 + 6 ÷ 18 24 8
22. c − = −
9.5(6.8 + 3.2) 7 ÷ 14 × 2 1 1 1 7 ÷ 14 × 2 1 1
= = 5 × 10 = 50. ÷ of ÷
1.9(5 − 4) 8 24 7 8 24 × 7
1 7
9+
3 3 1 7 1
a3 + b3
= − =9+ − ×
= a + b = 0.73 + 0.27 = 1. 1 24 × 7 3 3 21
17. b ×2
a + b2 − ab
2
2 8
Here, a = 0.73 and b = 0.27. 1 1 81 + 3 − 1 83
=9+ − = = .
3 9 9 9
5.76 × 5.9 + 0.576 × 41
18. d 23. a 0.66 × 0.66 + 0.28 × 0.28 + 0.06 × 0.06 + 2(0.66 × 0.28
2.4 × 3 − 24 × 0.2
+ 0.66 × 0.06 + 0.28 × 0.06)
= (0.66 + 0.28 + 0.06)2 = (1.00)2 = 1.
5.76(5.9 + 4.1) 2.4 × 10
= = = 24.
2.4(3 − 2) 1

24. d 343 ÷ (17 + 7 × 3 − 24 ) of 2 − 24  5 9 2  1  3 2 
1
31. d  + −  ÷ 1  ÷  − − 2 − 1
45 ÷ (6 + 9 ) of  2 4 3  4  5 5 
4
 30 + 27 − 8  5   3 12 
49 =   ÷  ÷– − − 1
343 ÷ (38 − 24 ) of 2 − 24 343 ÷ 28 − 24 − 24  12  4  5 5 
= = = 4
1 15 4
45 ÷ 15 of 45 ÷ 45 ×  49 5   –3 − 12 − 5 
4 4 15 =  ÷  ÷ 
 12 4   5 
49 − 96 47
−
4 47  49 4   −20 
= = 4 =− . =  ×  ÷ 
3×4 12 48  12 5   5 
1 1
49 49 1 49
= ÷ ( −4 ) = − × =− .
3 3 15 15 4 60
a −b
25. c Q = a−b
a2 + ab + b3
1 1 3 1  3 4
Here, a = 0.03 and b = 0.01 32. d of of  + of 13  =  +  of (?)
∴ a – b = 0.03 – 0.01 = 0.02 2 2 2 2  4 3
∴ (?) = ab = (0.03)(0.01) = 0.0003.
1 1  3 13   9 + 16 
⇒ of of  + = of (?)
2 2  2 2   12 
1 1
26. a =
4 4 1 1 25
2− 2− ⇒ of of 8 = of (?)
2 2 2 2 12
2− 2−
1 6 −1
2− 1 1 25(?)
3 3 ⇒ × ×8=
2 2 12
1 1 1 1 ⇒ 2 × 12 = 25(?)
= = = =− .
4 4
2− 2− 2 − 5 3 24
6 10 − 6 ⇒ (?) = .
2− 25
5 5
33. b 152 – 132 + 172 = (?)2 – 112 – 110
For questions 27 to 30: After replacing the signs with
⇒ 225 – 169 + 289 = (?)2 – 121 – 110
respective meanings the expression becomes:
⇒ (?)2 = 225 + 289 + 121 + 110 – 169
27. a 13 × 26 ÷ 78 – 143 + 156 ⇒ (?)2 = 745 – 169
13 52 ⇒ (?)2 = 576 = 242 ⇒ (?) = 24.
= 13 × 26 + 13 = +3 = .
78 3 3
34. a (a) 173 – 153 – 1535
= (17 – 15) (172 + 17 × 15 + 152) – 1535
28. c 1001 ÷ 78 × 36 ÷ 77 × 3 = 2[289 + 255 + 225] – 1535
1001 36 = 1538 – 1535 = 3.
= × ×3
78 77
162
(b) × 36
7 × 11× 13 × 6 × 6 × 3 66
= = 18.
13 × 6 × 11× 7
28
= × 36 = 4.
39 13 16 3 2 × 36
6
29. a ÷ × +
8 17 34 5 (c) 1889 – 5 × 13 × 29 = 1889 – 1885 = 4.
39 17 16 3 3 18 1 1
= × × + = 3+ = . (d) 3 − =3−
8 13 34 5 5 5 2−
1 2−3
2
1−
30. d (a + b)2 – (a – b)2 = 4ab. 3
= 3 + 1 = 4.

1 1 a3 + b3
÷ of 10
(7 + 8 ) ÷ 5 10 5 39. a = a + b = 0.05 + 0.01 = 0.06.
35. b × a − ab + b2
2
1 1 1 1
3 × of 10 of ÷
3 10 20 10
1 1 0.4 × 6.4 + 0.0004
÷ of 10 40. b + 0.0289
15 ÷ 5 11
= × 10 5 1
1 1 1 1 25
3 × of 10 of ÷
3 10 20 10
2.56 + 0.0004
1 1 1 1 = + 0.0289
÷2 15 × × 36
15 ÷ 5 10 5 10 2
= × = × 25
10 1 1 1 10 1 1
3× × ÷ 3× × × 10
3 10 20 10 3 10 20 1.6 + 0.02 1.62 × 5
= + 0.17 = + 0.17
1 6 6
3 20 3 1 20 5
= × = × × = 0.3.
10 1 10 20 1 8.10 + 1.02 9.12
= = = 1.52.
20 6 6
3  25 2 1  1 
36. b 7 × 0.35 ÷  × 5  − × 12 × 3+ of 20 − (11 + 9 − 5 ) + of 6 − 7
3  3 5 
1000 41. c
3 
1
= 7 × 0.35 × − 0.2 1  1 
5 =3+ of 20 − 15 + of 6 − 7
= 7 × 0.07 – 0.2 5  3 
= 0.49 – 0.2 = 0.29.
1 1
=3+ of [20 − 15 + 2] − 7 = 3 + of 7 − 7
5 5
3 69
=
37. d 1 17 7 15 + 7 − 35 13
1− =3+ −7 = =− = −2.6.
1 5 5 5
(?) +
1
1+
5
729 729
3 69 42. b 999 − × 48 − 27 = 999 − × 16 − 27
⇒ = 27 9
1 17
1− = 999 – 81 × 16 – 27 = 999 – 1296 – 27
5
(?) + = 999 – 1323 = –324.
6
3 69
⇒ =
6 17
1− 43. b 359
=x
6(?) + 5 1059
17 6 360
⇒ = 1− ⇒x≈
23 6(?) + 5 1060
1
⇒
6
=
6 ⇒x≈
6(?) + 5 23 3
⇒ x ≈ 0.33.
⇒ 6(?) + 5 = 23
⇒ 6(?) = 18
44. d x2 + 0.1 = 0.776
⇒ (?) = 3.
⇒ x2 = 0.676
38. a 1 + 0.1 + 0.01 + 0.001 = 2 + 0.2 × x ⇒ x ≈ 0.8.
⇒ 1.111 = 2 + 0.2x
⇒ 0.2x = –0.889 45. a 35.56 × 41.29 = x × 53.2
0.889 35 × 41
⇒x=− ⇒x= (By approximation)
⇒ x = – 4.445 53
0.2
⇒ x ≈ –4.5. ⇒ x ≈ 27.6.

46. b 33.33 + 444.4 + 5.555 = 66.6 × x 2 2
52. a ? = 1+ =1
⇒ 66.6 × x = 483.285 3×5 5
1+ 1+
483.285 9 3
⇒x=
66.6 2×3 7
= 1+ =
⇒ x ≈ 7.25. 8 4
987654321 + 123456789 1 17
=x 53. d +
47. d 1 22
9876543210 3+
1
2−
987654321 123456789 7
⇒ + =x
9876543210 9876543210 9
⇒ 0.1 + 0.01 ≈ x ⇒ x ≈ 0.11. 1 17
= +
1 22
3+
9
0.0961 2−
48. b x × 0.0529 = 7
x
1 17
0.0961 961 = +
⇒ x2 = = 1 22
0.0529 529 3+
14 − 9
31 7
⇒x= ⇒ x ≈ 1.35.
23
1 17 1 17
= + = +
1 22 3 + 7 22
3.5 x 3+
× = 0.23 5 5
49. a
2.4 6.9 7
0.23 × 6.9 × 2.4 1 17
⇒x= = +
3.5 15 + 7 22
3.8088 5
⇒x= ⇒ x ≈ 1.08.
3.5 5 17 22
= + = = 1
22 22 22
50. d 3569 × 2387 × 5389 = x
1
54. c x = 1+
⇒ x ≈ 3.6 × 103 × 2.4 × 103 × 5.4 × 103 1
1+
1
⇒ x ≈ 46.656 × 109 1+
1
1+
2
⇒ x ≈ 5 × 1010.
1 1
= 1+ = 1+
1 3
1 1+ 1+
? = 1+ 2 5
51. d
2 1+
1+ 3
3
2+ 1 5 13
4 = 1+ = 1+ =
1+ 8 8 8
5
5
1 1 7 13 7
= 1+ = 1+ ∴ 2x + = 2× +
2 2 4 8 4
1+ 1+
3×5 5
2+ 2+ 13 + 7 20
5+4 3 = = = 5
4 4
1 1× 11
= 1+ 2×3 =
1+
1+ 11 + 6
6+5
11 11
= 1+ = 1
17 17

19 2 2 3
55. a ÷ 58. d ×
43 2 + 1 1+
1 5 3 5
1 6 × 2 ÷ 4
3+
1  
1 2
1+
4
2 3
= ×
19 2 1+ 2 5 ÷ 5
= ÷ 4 4
43 2 + 1
4
3+ 2 3 2
5 = × = ×3 = 2
3 5×4 3
19 1 4 5
19 19
= ÷ = ÷
43 2 + 5 43 43
19 4 1
59. b 1+ − ×5
3 2
19 43 2+
× 10 − 1
= = 1
43 19 2
4 5 4 5
5 5 1+ − = 1+ −
6 2 2 2
56. c 3 = 3 2+ 2+
3+ 3+ 9 3
3−2 1
3 3
4 5 4×3 5
= 1+ 8 − = 1+ −
2 8 2
5 5 5
= = = 3
3 + 3×3 3+9 12
3 5 2+3−5
= 1+ − = = 0
2 2 2
1
57. b 2 = x+
1
1+ 60. c Suppose that
1
3+
4 1 111
1+
1 = 101 = a
10 +
1 10
⇒ 2 = x+
1
1+
12 + 1 1 91
4 and, 1 − 1 = 101 = b
10 +
10
1
⇒ 2 = x+
4 a2 − b2 (a + b)(a − b)
1+ = =
13 (a + b) (a + b)
= (a – b)
1
⇒ 2 = x+
13 + 4 111 91 20
= − =
13 101 101 101
1
⇒ 2 = x+
17
13
13 13
⇒ 2 = x+ ⇒ x = 2−
17 17
34 − 13 21
= =
17 17

Numbers : Properties, Surds and Indices

1 c 2 b 3 b 4 c 5 c 6 d 7 c 8 c 9 b 10 b
11 b 12 d 13 a 14 a 15 d 16 c 17 d 18 c 19 b 20 d
21 b 22 b 23 d 24 a 25 d 26 c 27 d 28 c 29 c 30 b
31 a 32 c 33 a 34 a 35 a 36 b 37 a 38 c 39 d 40 a
41 b 42 a 43 a 44 d 45 c 46 b 47 b 48 a 49 c 50 b
51 c 52 c 53 c 54 b 55 a 56 d 57 c 58 d 59 b 60 a
61 d 62 c 63 b 64 a 65 a 66 d 67 a 68 d 69 d 70 c
1. c Prime numbers between 60 and 75 are 61, 67, 71 and 9. b Dividing Numerator and Denominator by 73
73.
1095 15
∴ Sum = 61 + 67 + 71 + 73 = 272. = .
1168 16
6 16
2. b = 0.86; = 0.84; 10. b 20 + 80 = 180 , when we simplify LHS
7 19
19 11 7 20 + 80 = 20 + 2 20 = 3 20 = 9 × 20 = 180.
= 0.90; = 0.78 and = 0.7.
21 14 10
11. b Number = 35 × 12 = 420
19 6 16 11 7
∴ Descending order is > > > > .
21 7 19 14 10 420
∴ Correct quotient = = 20.
21
78 67
3. b = 1.13; = 1.15;
69 58 12. d 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 = 24; 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 = 120; 3 × 4 × 5 × 6
= 360 and so on.
25 41
= 1.56 and = 1.28. Hence, the required number = 24.
16 32
78 67 41 25
∴ Ascending order is < < < . 13. a  6 5 10  LCM of (6, 5, 10) 30
69 58 32 16 LCM of  , , = = .
 7 14 21  HCF of (7, 14, 21) 7
4. c Sum of first n odd number = n2 .
Hence, sum of first 38 odd number = (38)2 = 1444. 14. a 1000 + 1 = 1001 > 1000
Hence, number is 1.
5. c Whole number.
71 + 1
15. d Odd numbers = = 36
6. d 323 = 17 × 19 2
Hence, it is a composite number.
71 − 1
Even numbers = = 35.
7. c 2 is the smallest prime number. 2
8. c Since, the difference between the numerator and

denominator of all the five fractions is a constant i.e. 16. c F = 0.84181
13, then the value of the fraction with the biggest
numerator will be the highest. 84181 − 841 83340 463
= = =
99000 99000 550
121 92 87 76 51
∴− <− <− <− <− . ∴ Denominator – Numerator = 550 – 463 = 87.
134 105 100 89 64

17. d Let S = 0.5646464... 9 9×4 36
10S = 5.646464... 24. a = =
13 13 × 4 52
1000S = 564.64646464...
⇒ 1000S – 10S = 564 – 5 17 17 × 2 34
= =
⇒ 990S = 559 26 26 × 2 52
33 33
⇒ S = 559 . 52
=
52
990
33
Among these is the smallest
52
37 53
18. c (a) 0.37 = ; (b) 0.053 = ;
28 56 36
99 999
Again, = >
29 58 52
1254 − 12 69
(c) 0.1254 = = ; 8 14 7 11
9900 550 25. d , , ,
15 33 13 13
536 − 53 161 761
(d) 2.536 = 2 + =2+ = . 8
900 300 300 = 0.533
15
19. b Let s = 0.0534534 14
⇒ 10s = 0.534534 33
= 0.42
⇒ 10000s = 534.534
⇒ 9990s = 534 7
= 0.538
13
534
⇒s= . 11
9990 = 0.846
13
20. d 3.36 − 2.05 + 1.33 11 7 8 14

∴ > > >
13 13 15 33
36 5 33
=3+ −2− + 1+
99 99 99
=2+
64
= 2.64.
(1 + 2 ) × ( 5 − 3 ) + (1 − 2 ) × ( 5 + 3 )
( 5 + 3 )× ( 5 − 3 ) ( 5 − 3 )× ( 5 + 3 )
26. c
99
21. b 8.31 + 0.6 + 0.002 = 8.313131 + 0.666666 + 0.002222 5 − 3 + 10 − 6 5 + 3 − 10 − 6

= +
= 8.9820. 5−3 5−3
22. b Let x = 0.423 =

2 ( 5− 6 )
2
⇒ 10x = 4.2323...
= 5 − 6.
⇒ 1000x = 423.2323...
⇒ 990x = 419 ⇒ x =
419
990
.
27. d 3–
3+ 5
−
1
×
3− 5 ( )
4 3+ 5( 3− 5 ) ( )
7 7 3+ 5 3− 5
23. d = 1.166, = 0.777 =3− −
6 9 4 9−5
4 5 3 + 5 + 3 − 5 
= 0.8 and = 0.714 =3− 
5 7  4 
3 3
5 =3− = .
Therefore, the smallest number is 2 2
7

15
28. c Let x = 6 + 6 + 6 + ... 32. c
10 + 20 + 40 − 80 − 5
⇒x = 6+x
15
=
2
⇒ x −x−6=0 10 + 2 5 + 2 10 − 4 5 − 5
⇒ (x − 3)(x + 2) = 0 15 15
= =
∴ x = 3. (As x ≠ –2) 3 10 − 3 5 3 5  2 − 1
29. c 6 × 15 = 2 × 3 × 3 × 5
=
5
×
( 2 +1 )
= 3 10 2 −1 ( 2 +1 )
Comparing with x 10, we get x = 3.
10 + 5
= = 10 + 5.
30. b Re-write as, 2 −1
1 1 1 1
+ + + 33. a
3+ 2 4+ 3 5+ 4 6+ 5
1 (×
) − 1 × ( 15 + 14 )
16 + 15
1 ( ) + 1( 4 − 3 )
3− 2 ( 16 – 15 ) ( 16 + 15 ) ( 15 − 14 ) ( 15 + 14 )
= ×
( 3+ 2) ( 3 − 2 ) ( 4 + 3 )( 4 − 3 )
+
1
×
( 14 + 13 ) − 1 ( 13 + 12 )
1( 5 − 4 ) 1( 6 − 5 ) ( 14 − 13 ) ( 14 + 13 ) ( 13 − 12 ) ( 13 + 12 )
+ +
( 5 + 4 )( 5 − 4 ) ( 6 + 5 )( 6 − 5 ) +
1
×
( 12 + 11) − 1( 11 + 10 )
( 12 − 11 ) ( 12 + 11 ) ( 11 − 10 )( 11 + 10 )
3− 2 4− 3 5− 4 6− 5 10 + 9
= + + + +
3−2 4−3 5−4 6−5
( 10 − 9 )( 10 + 9 )
= 3− 2+ 4− 3+ 5+ 4+ 6− 5
16 + 15 15 + 14 14 + 13 13 + 12
= 6− 2 = − + −
16 − 15 15 − 14 14 − 13 13 − 12
= 2 ( 3 −1 . ) +
12 + 11
12 − 11
−
11 + 10
11 − 10
+
10 + 9
10 − 9
7
×
(4 − 2 ) = 16 + 15 − 15 − 14 + 14 + 13 − 13
31. a 4+ 2 (4 − 2 ) − 12 + 12 + 11 − 11 – 10 + 10 + 9.
= 16 + 9 = 4 + 3 = 7.
=
(
7 4− 2 )
16 − 2
34. a Let x = − 3 + 3 + 8 7 + 4 3
(
7 4− 2 )
=
14 ⇒ x = − 3 + 3+8 2+ 3 ( )
4− 2 4 − 1.4142 2.5858
= = = ⇒ x = − 3 + 16 + 3 + 8 3
2 2 2
( )
= 1.2929.
⇒ x = − 3 + 4+ 3
⇒ x = 2.

35. a x=
( ) (
5 +1 × 5 +1 ) 39. d x = 11 + 5 ≈ 5.55
( 5 − 1) × ( 5 + 1) y = 10 + 6 ≈ 5.61
5 + 1+ 2 5 3 + 5 z = 13 + 3 ≈ 5.33
= = L (i)
5 −1 2 Hence, y > x > z.
5 +1
How x = 1 a+b
5 −1 40. a =
(a + b) ab
⇒ 5x − x = 5 + 1
⇒ (a + b)2 − ab = 0
⇒ 5x − 5 = x + 1 (Squaring both sides)
⇒ a2 + b2 + ab = 0
⇒ 5x2 + 5 − 10x = x2 + 1 + 2x Now, a3 – b3 = (a – b)(a2 + b2 + ab) = 0.
⇒ 4x2 − 12x + 4 = 0 (Divide by 4) (As a2 + b2 + ab = 0)
⇒ x2 − 3x + 1 = 0 (Multiply by 5) 41. b 9 x =2 3 +7 3
2
⇒ 5x − 15x + 5 = 0 ⇒9 x =9 3
⇒ 5x 2 − 5x − 1 = 10x − 6 = 9 + 5 5. [from (i)] ⇒ x = 3.
36. b
3 2
−
4 3
+
6
5
=
5 ( 3− 2 )
6+ 3 6+ 2 3+ 2 42. a 3+ 2 ( 3+ 2 )( 3− 2 )
=
3 2 ( 6− 3 ) − 4 3( 6− 2 ) + 6( 3− 2 ) 15 − 10
= 15 − 10
6−3 6−2 3−2 3−2
= 2 3 − 6 − 3 2 + 6 + 3 2 − 2 3 = 0. 3 3 3 3 5− 2
= ×
5+ 2 5+ 2 5− 2
=
3 3 ( 5− 2 )= 15 − 6
3+ 8 8+ 7 5−2
37. a −
(3 − 8 )(3 + 8 ) ( 8− 7 )( 8+ 7 ) 2 2 ( 5− 3 )
2 2
7+ 6 6+ 5 = =
+ − 5− 3 ( 5− 3 )( 5− 3 )
( 7– 6 )( 7+ 6 ) ( 6− 5 )( 6+ 5 )
+
5 +2 =
2 2 ( 5− 3 )= 10 − 6
( 5 −2 )( 5 +2 ) 5−3
∴ Expression
3+ 8 8+ 7 7+ 6 6+ 5 5 +2
= ( 15 − 10 − ) ( 15 − 6 + ) ( 10 − 6 )
= − + − +
9−8 8−7 7−6 6−5 5−4 = 15 − 10 − 15 − 6 + 10 − 6
= 3 + 2 = 5. =0
( 2 ) + ( 3 ) + (− 5 ) + 2 ×
2 2 2 1
38. c 2× 3+2 43. a
3.25 + 2.25
× 3 (− 5 ) + 2 2 × (− 5 ) – 2 6 + 2 15 + 2 10 1
=
(As (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca) ( 3.25 + 2.25 )
= 2 + 3 + 5 + 2 6 − 2 15 − 2 10 − 2 6 + 2 15 + 2 10 = 10. 1 3.25 − 2.25
= ×
( 3.25 + 2.25 ) 3.25 − 2.25

3.25 − 2.25 1
= = 3.25 − 2.25 45. c
3.25 − 2.25 3+ 4
Similarly,
1 4− 3
1 = ×
= 4.25 − 3.25 3+ 4 4− 3
4.25 + 3.25
4− 3
1 = = 4− 3
= 5.25 − 4.25 4−3
5.25 + 4.25 Similarly,
1 1
= 6.25 − 5.25 = 5 − 4 ... so on
6.25 + 5.25 4+ 5
∴ Expression Expression
= 4− 3+ 5− 4+ 6− 5
= 3.25 − 2.25 + 4.25 − 3.25 + 5.25 + 7− 6+ 8− 7+ 9− 8
− 4.25 + 6.25 − 5.25
= 9 − 3 =3− 3
= 6.25 − 2.25 = 2.5 – 1.5 = 1
46. b Expression
2 12
44. d First term = =
7+ 5 3+ 5 +2 2
2× ( 7− 5 ) =
(
12 3 + 5 − 2 2 )
=
( 7+ 5 )( 7− 5 )  ( )
 3 + 5 + 2 2  3 + 5 − 2 2
 ( )
Rationalising the denominator
=
2 ( 7− 5 )= 7− 5 (
12 3 + 5 − 2 2 )
7−5 =
(3 + 5 ) − ( 2 2 )
2 2
7
12 (3 + 5 − 2 2 )
Second term =
12 − 5
=
7 ( 12 + 5 ) 9+5+6 5 −8
=
( 12 − 5 )( 12 + 5 ) =
(
12 3 + 5 − 2 2 )
6 5 +6
7 ( 12 + 5 )
=
12 − 5 =
(
2 3+ 5 −2 2 )
5 +1
7 ( 12 + 5 )=
=
7
12 + 5
=
(
2 3+ 5 −2 2 )( 5 −1)
5
( 5 +1 )( 5 −1 )
Third term =
12 − 7
=
(
2 3 5 + 5 − 2 10 − 3 − 5 + 2 2 )
=
5 ( 12 + 7 ) 5 −1
( 12 − 7 )( 12 + 7 ) =
(
2 2 5 + 2 2 − 2 10 + 2 )
4
=
5 ( 12 + 7 )= 12 + 7 2×2 ( 5 + 2 − 10 + 1 )
15 − 7 =
4
∴ Expression
= 1 + 5 + 2 − 10
= ( 7− 5 + ) ( 12 + 5 − ) ( 12 + 7 )
= 7 − 5 + 12 + 5 − 12 − 7 = 0

47. b Expression 52. c Here, 3x+y = 34 ⇒ x + y = 4
1 1 1
= 3+ + + 1
3 3+ 3 3 −3 34(x–y) = 3 ⇒ x − y =
4
1 1 1
= 3+ + − 17 15
3 3+ 3 3− 3 ⇒x= and y = .
8 8
1  3− 3 −3− 3  53. c 3
Here, n – n = n(n – 1)(n + 1)
= 3+ + 
3  (3 + 3 )(3 − 3 )  Product of three consecutive integers is always
divisible by 6.
1 −2 3 1 3
= 3+ + =3+ − 54. b Here, 55x+5 = 5°
3 9−3 3 3
⇒ 5x + 5 = 0
1 1
= 3+ − =3 ⇒ x = –1.
3 3
55. a a = (24)10 = (16)10,
b = (33)10 = (27)10,
2 2( 5 − 3)
48. a = = c = (52)10 = (25)10
5 + 3 ( 5 + 3)( 5 − 3) Hence, a < c < b.
(Ratioinalising the denominator)
56. d LCM of 4, 5, 10 and 2 is 20.
2 5 − 3)
= = 5− 3 1 1 1 1
5−3
Similarly,
Hence, among 135 ( ) ,(16 ) ,(41 )
20 4 20 2 20
( )
and 810 20
1
3( 6 + 3 )
(8 )
3
= = 6+ 3 10 20
or 8 is greatest.
6− 3 6−3
1 6− 5
= = 6− 5  3
2(
6−5 −  −3 ) 1
6+ 5
∴ Expression
57. c (256 ) 4 2 
= 28 ( ) ( )
= 28 8 = 2.
= 5− 3+ 6+ 3+ 6− 5 58. d LCM of 6, 3, 2 and 4 is 12.

= 2 6 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
Hence, among 122 ( ) , ( 4 ) , (3 )
12 4 12 6 12
and 53( ) 12
49. c − + −
3− 7 7− 5 5− 3 3 −1 1
(
2 3+ 7 )− (2 7+ 5 )+ (
2 5+ 3 )− (
2 3 −1 ) Hence, 53 ( ) 12 or 45 is smallest.
=
9−7 7−5 5−2 3 −1
= 3 + 7 − 7 − 5 + 5 + 3 − 3 −1 59. b (16)0.16 × (16)0.04 × (2)0.2
= 3 – 1 = 2.
= (24 )0.16 × (24 )0.04 × (2)0.2
50. b
2 3 ( 7+ 5 )− 4 3( 7− 3 ) − 2 3( 3− 5 ) = 20.64 × 20.16 × 20.2
7−5 7−3 3−5 = (2)0.64 + 0.16 + 0.2 = 2
= 3 ( )
7+ 5 − 3 ( 7− 3 + 3) ( 3− 5 )
−2 −2
= 3 + 3 = 6.  1
60. a (64) 3 ×  
4
51. c Here, 22x – y = 24 ⇒ 2x – y = 4
1
and 2x+y = 25 ⇒ x + y = 5 2
× (4)2
=
⇒ x = 3 and y = 2 (64) 3
Hence, x × y = 6.
1 1
2
× 42 = × 42 = 1
= 3× 42
(4) 3

61. d Expression Similarly,
 1
3 = 12 36 = 12 729
  9 2 
  4 4 2 × 22  
8 −   
4 16
= 12 163 = 12 4096
=   2 2−2  
    6
80 = 12 802 = 12 6400
 
12 729
< 12 4096 < 12 6400 < 12 6561
 1
  2× 9 3 2  ∴ 3
9 is the greatest number.
  (2) 4 × 2 2  
8 −  1  
=   −2 2   65. a LCM indices = LCM of 3, 6, 4 and 2 = 12
  2 × (2 )  
  1
∴ 3
4 = (4) 3 = 12 4 4
 1
  9 3 2 
  22 × 22   = 12 256
8 −   
=   21 × 2−1   1
    2 = (2) 2 = 12 26 = 12 64
 
 1
6
3 = 12 32 = 12 9
  9+3 3 2 
  22 2 × 22   45
= 12 53 = 12 125
8 −  1−1  
=   2   Clearly, 3
4 > 45 > 2 > 63 .
   
 
1 1
 1
(36 )6 =6
2×
= 3 6.
( ) ( )=8−8 =0
66. d 6
 6 2 3
= 8 − 2 
= 8−2
 
4
3 6 9 
4  9× 1 × 1 
−5 
5 67. a  5  = 5 6 3 
    
62. c

 ( 5
x −3/5
) 3 
  1×4 
 
   2  = 52
1 −5 = 5 
 −3  5
× ×5
3 −3 −5  
×
= x 5  =x5 3 = x.
  68. d 3x + 8 = 33(2x + 1)
 
⇒ x + 8 = 6x + 3
⇒ 5x = 5
63. b Expression
∴x=1
n
(243) 5 × 32n+1 69. d (125)2/3 × (625)–1/4 = 5x
=
9n × 3n−1 2 −1
3× 4×
n
5×
n ⇒ 5 3 × 5 4 = 5x
(35 ) 5 × 32n +1 (3) 5 × 32n +1 ⇒ 52 × 5 – 1 = 5x
= n −1
=
(3 ) × 32 n
3 2n
× 3n −1 ⇒ 5 = 5x ⇒ x = 1
3n × 32n+1 33n+1
= n−1
=
= 33n+1– 3n + 1 = 32 = 9. 3 −7 2x
3 ×3 2n
33n−1 3 4 3
70. c  4 × 3  = 
[am × an = am + n; am ÷ an = am – n; (am)n = amn]     4
3 7 2x
64. a The orders of the given surds are 3, 2, 4 and 6. 3 3 3
Their LCM = 12 ⇒   ×  =  
4 4 4
Now we convert each surd into a surd of order 12.
10 2x
1 1 3 3
3
9 = (9) 3 = (9 4 )12
⇒   = 
4 4
= 12 6561 ⇒ 2x = 10 ⇒ x = 5

Numbers: HCF & LCM, Remainders

1 a 2 d 3 a 4 b 5 d 6 c 7 b 8 d 9 a 10 c
11 d 12 c 13 b 14 b 15 d 16 b 17 b 18 c 19 c 20 d
21 d 22 c 23 b 24 d 25 c 26 d 27 a 28 c 29 a 30 d
31 b 32 c 33 c 34 c 35 d 36 d 37 a 38 c 39 d 40 d
41 b 42 c 43 b 44 c 45 b 46 c 47 b 48 d 49 c 50 d
1. a HCF × LCM = Product of two numbers

60 1 2520 – 1 2519
⇒ 12 × 240 = 48 × Second number Difference = – = = .
13 546 546 546
12 × 240
⇒ Second number = = 60.
48 9. a LCM × HCF = N1 × N2 and N1 = 100,
2. d 513 = 33 × 19; 1134 = 2 × 34 × 7 and 1215 = 35 × 5 500 × 50
HCF of (513, 1123, 1215) = 33 = 27. ∴N2 = = 250.
100
3. a 2436 = 22 × 3 × 7 × 29; 1001 = 7 × 11 × 13 and 105

=3×5×7 10. c First number = 2 × 50 = 100
Greatest number = HCF of (2436, 1001, 105) = 7. 2nd number × 100 = 25 × 500
(Since product of two numbers = HCF × LCM)
4. b Since 8 is not the divisor of 60. Therefore, 60 cannot ⇒ 2nd number = 125.
be LCM of two numbers.
11. d Total number of trees are 48 + 60 + 96 = 204.
5. d Product of two numbers = HCF × LCM
Given that each row has the same number of trees
16 × LCM = 1536 ⇒ LCM = 96
and all trees in a row are of the same type. Since we
Now, let the numbers be 16x and 16y. need to minimise the number of rows, we need to
16x × 16y = 96 × 16
maximise the number of trees in each row.
⇒ xy = 6
Number of trees in each row = HCF of 48, 60 and 96
The pairs satisfying the given condition and prime to
= 12
each other are (1, 6) and (2, 3).
Thus, the numbers are (16, 96) and (32, 48). 204
Therefore, 102 cannot be one of them. ∴ Minimum number of rows = = 17.
12
9 12 18 21
6. c HCF of ( , , and )
10 25 35 40 2160
12. c LCM = = 360
HCF of (9, 12, 18, and 21) 3 6
= = .
LCM of (10, 25, 35 and 40) 1400 Required ratio = 6 : 360 = 1 : 60.
7. b From options, only 192 and 144 are divisible by 48. 13. b Let the numbers be 2a and 2b, where a and b are
LCM of (96, 144 and 192) = 576 co-prime natural numbers.
Hence, 192 can be value of N.
Then, 2a × 2b = 2 × 84 ⇒ a × b = 42.
Possible pairs of a and b are (42, 1), (14, 3), (7, 6),
 3 4 5  [LCM (3, 4, 5)] 60 (21, 2).
8. d LCM  , ,  = =
 13 39 182  [HCF (13, 39, 182)] 13 Minimum sum of numbers = 2(a + b) = 2(7 + 6) = 26.
 3 4 5  [HCF (3, 4, 5)] 1

HCF  , ,  = =
 13 39 182  [LCM (13, 39, 182)] 546

14. b HCF = 23.3. 2 3, 5, 8, 12
2 3, 5, 4, 6
15. d H.C.F. of the two 2-digit numbers = 16
Hence, the numbers can be expressed as 16x and 3 3, 5, 2, 3
16y, where x and y are prime to each other. Now, 1, 5, 2, 1
First number × second number ∴ LCM = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 × 2 = 120
= H.C.F. × L.C.M. After dividing 99999 by 120, we get 39 as remainder
⇒ 16x × 16y = 16 × 480 99999 - 39 = 99960
16 × 480 = (833 × 120)
⇒ xy = = 30 99960 is the greatest five digit number divisible by
16 × 16
the given divisors.
The possible pairs of x and y, satisfying the condition In order to get 2 as remainder in each case we will
xy = 30 are : (3, 10), (5, 6), (1, 30), (2, 15) Since the simply add 2 to 99960.
numbers are of 2-digits each. ∴ Greatest number = 99960 + 2 = 99962.
Hence, admissible pair is (5, 6)
∴ Numbers are 16 × 5 = 80 and 16 × 6 = 96. 21. d Required time = LCM of 252, 308 and 198 seconds
2 252, 308, 198
16. b Let LCM be L and HCF be H. Then, 2 126, 154, 99
L = 4H
7 63, 77, 99
∴ H + 4H = 125
⇒ 5H = 125 9 9, 11, 99
11 1, 11, 11
125
⇒ H= = 25 1, 1, 1
5
∴ LCM = 2 x 2 x 7 x 9 x 11
= 2772 seconds
∴ L= 4 × 25 = 100
= 46 minutes 12 seconds.
∴ Second number 22. c LCM of 21, 36 and 66
L×H 100 × 25 ∴ LCM = 3 x 2 x 7 x 6 x 11
= = = 25 . = 3 x 3 x 2 x 2 x 7 x 11
First number 100
∴ Required number
= 32 x 22 x 72 x 112 = 213444.
17. b HCF = 13
Let the numbers be 13x and 13y. Where x and y are 23. b LCM of 4. 6. 8. 9
co-prime.
∴ LCM = 13 xy 2 4, 6, 8, 9
⇒13 xy = 455 2 2, 3, 4, 9
3 1, 3, 2, 9
⇒ xy = 455 = 35 = 5 × 7 1,1, 2, 3
13
∴ Numbers are 13 × 5 = 65 and 13 × 7 = 91. ∴ LCM = 2 × 2 × 3 × 2 × 3 = 72
∴ Required number = 72, because it is exactly divisible
18. c First number = 2 × 44 = 88 by 4, 6, 8 and 9 and it leaves remainder 7 when divided
∴ First number × Second number by 13.
= H.C.F. × L.C.M.
⇒ 88 × Second numebr 24. d LCM of 5, 6 and 8
= 44 × 264 5=5
⇒ Second number 6=3×2
44 × 264 8 = 23
= = 132 . = 23 × 3 × 5 = 8 × 15 = 120
88
Required number = 120k + 3
when k = 2, 120k + 3 = 120 × 2 + 3 = 243
19. c LC.M. of 4, 6, 8, 12 and 16 = 48
It is completely.divisible by 9.
∴ Required number = 48 + 2 = 50
25. c LCM of 9, 10 and 15 = 90
20. d The greatest number of five digits is 99999. ⇒ The multiple of 90 are also divisible by 9, 10 or 15.
LCM of 3, 5, 8 and 12 ∴ 21 × 90 = 1890 will be divisible by them.
∴ Now, 1897 will be the number that will give
remainder 7.
Required number = 1936 – 1897 = 39.

1 33. c N = 6x + 1 and N = 7y + 1
26. d 1 hours = 90 minutes ⇒ 6x + 1 = 7y + 1
2
1 hour and 45 minutes = 105 minutes ⇒ 6x – 7y = 0
1 hour = 60 minutes By hit and trial x = 7 and y = 6.
∴ LCM of 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes and 105 Therefore, N = 6 × 7 + 1 = 43.
minutes
34. c A number is divisible by 9 if the sum of its digits is
3 30, 60, 90, 105 divisible by 9.
5 10, 20, 30, 35 Sum of digits = 9 + 8 + 7 + 6 + 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 + 2 +
2 2, 4, 6 7 3 = 50
When we divide 50 by 9, then remainder = 5.
1, 2, 3, 7
LCM = 3 × 5 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 7 = 1260 minutes 35. d 35 when divided by 4 leaves a remainder of 3 whereas
1260 56 leaves a remainder of 1 when divided by 4.
1260 minutes = = 21 hours So, the sum of these two numbers will be divisible by
60
∴ The bell will again ring simultaneously after 21 hours. 4.
∴ Time will be
36. d Let N be the number. Then,
= 12 noon + 21 hours = 9 a.m.
N = 6x + 5 and N = 5y + 3
∴ 6x + 5 = 5y + 3
27. a The greatest number N = HCF of (1305 – x),
⇒ 5y – 6x = 2
(4665 – x) and (6905 – x), where x is the
By hit and trial for smallest three digit number.
remainder
x = 18 and y = 22
= HCF of (4665 – 1305), (6905 – 4665) and
Hence, N = 6 × 18 + 5 = 113.
(6905 – 1305)
= HCF of 3360, 2240 and 5600 = 1120 37. a Cyclicity of 2 is 4, then last digit of 231 is 2 × 2 × 2
∴ N = 1120 = 8.
Sum of digits = 1 + 1 + 2 + 0 = 4. When we divide 231 by 5, we get remainder = 3.
28. c Required maximum capacity of container 38. c When n is divided by 4, then remainder = 3
= HCF of 75 litres and 45 litres 2n + 1 n n 1 3+3+1
∴ = + + ⇒
Now, 75 = 5 × 5 × 3 4 4 4 4 4
45 = 5 × 3 × 3 ⇒ Remainder = 3.
∴ HCF =15 litres.
39. d 9 2 when divided by 5 leaves a remainder of 1.
29. a Let the numbers be 2x, 3x and 4x respectively. Therefore, 983 will leave a remainder of 4 when divided
∴ HCF = x = 12 by 5. 6 divided by 5 leaves a remainder of 1 therefore,
∴ Numbers are : 2 × 12 = 24 653 will also leave a remainder of 1 when divided by 5.
3 × 12 = 36, 4 × 12 = 48 Total remainder will be (4 × 1) = 4.
LCM of 24, 36, 48 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 2 = 144.
40. d Let N be the number.
30. d Let HCF be h and LCM be l. Then, N = 6x + 3
Then, l = 84h and l + h = 680 ∴ N2 = 36x2 + 9 + 36x
⇒ 84h + h = 680 ⇒ N2 = 6(6x2 + 1 + 6x) + 3
680 Hence, N2 is divided by 6, remainder = 3.
⇒ h= =8
85
41. b 353 = 44 × 8 + 1 ⇒ a = 1
∴ l = 680 − 8 = 672
and 353 = 27 × 13 + 2 ⇒ b = 2
672 × 8 ∴ a – b = 1 – 2 = – 1.
∴ Other number = = 96 .
56
Dividend − Remainder
31. b 52563744 = 2 × 3 × 4 × 2190156 42. c Divisor =
Quotient
It is divisible by 24. Hence, remainder = 0.
145227 − 159
32. c Divisor = 5 × 46 = 230 = = 231.
628
230
∴ Quotient = = 23
10
∴ Dividend = 23 × 230 + 46 = 5336.

43. b 650 = (63)16 × 62 = (216)16 × 36 = (215 + 1)16 × 36 48. d Let the least number be x.
When this is divided by 215 remainder will be
(1)16 × 36 = 36. 13 x Remainder
5 y 1
44. c As 35 – 18 = 45 – 28 = 55 – 38 = 17 1 3
Hence, required number = L.C.M (35, 45, 55) – 17
= 3448. y = 5 × 1 + 3 = 8
x = 13 × 8 + 1 = 105
45. b When the second divisor is factor of first divisor, the On dividing 105 by 65, remainder = 40.
second remainder is obtained by dividing the first
remainder by the second divisor. 49. c (17)200 = (18 – 1)200
Hence, on dividing 29 by 8, the remainder is 5. We know that
n(n − 1) n − 2 2
46. c The least number X in this case will be determined ∴ xn + nx n – 1 . a + x a
1× 2
as follows :
n(n − 1)(n − 2) n −3 3
4 X + x a + ... + an
1× 2 × 30
5 Y −1
1− 4 We see that all the terms on the RHS. except an
has x as one of its factor and hence are
Y = 5 × 1 + 4 = 9 divisible by x. So, (x + a)n is divisible by x or
X = 4 × Y + 1 = 4 × 9 + 1 = 37 not will be decided by an.
Now Let x = 18, a = – 1
and n = 200
5 37 ∴ (18 – 1)200 is divisible by 18 or not will depend
4 7−2 on (–1)200 as all other terms in its expansion will be
1− 3 divisible by 18 because each of them will have 18
as one of their factor.
Hence, the respective remainders are 2, 3. (–1)200 = 1 (Q 200 is even)
1 is not divisible by 18 and is also less than 18.
47. b By the Binomial expansion we have ∴ 1 is the remainder.
(x + 1)n = xn + nC1 xn–1 + nC2 xn–2 + ... + nCn–1 x +
1 50. d If the remainder be x, then (11284 – x) – (7655 –
Here, each term except the last term contains x. x)
Obviously, each term except the last term is exactly = 3629 is divisible by that number.
divisible by x. 3629 = 19 × 191
Following the same logic, Hence, required number = 191
719 = (6 + 1)19 has each term except last term Sum of digits = 1 + 9 + 1 = 11.
divisible by 6.
Hence, 719 + 2 when divided by 6 leaves remainder.
= 1 + 2 = 3.

Numbers : Divisibility, Unit’s Digit Cyclicity

1 b 2 b 3 b 4 b 5 b 6 a 7 d 8 b 9 a 10 b
11 d 12 b 13 b 14 a 15 b 16 b 17 b 18 d 19 d 20 c
21 a 22 d 23 a 24 c 25 a 26 c 27 d 28 b 29 c 30 d
31 c 32 c 33 d 34 d 35 d 36 b 37 c 38 d 39 b 40 c
41 a 42 b 43 d 44 d 45 d 46 d 47 d 48 a 49 b 50 a
1. b Numbers divisible by 7 between 11 and 90 are 14, 21, 9. a Sum of the digits at odd places of the given number is
28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77 and 84. (4 + 6 + 0) = 10 while the sum of the digits at even
Hence, 11 numbers are there. places of the given number is (3 + 5 + 7) = 15.
Difference between the sums is –5 i.e. (10 – 15). It
2. b Q The given number is divisible by 5. simply means that if 5 will be added in this number or
∴ b = 0 or 5. if 6 is subtracted from this number it will become a
Q The given number is divisible by 3. multiple of 11. Now 6 + 11 = 17, means even after
∴ a = 2 or 5; if b = 0 subtracting 17 from this number we will get a multiple
and a = 3 or 6 or 9 if b = 5 of 11.
From options, a = 6 and b = 5.
10. b 11158 = 144 × 77 + 70
3. b The sum of three consecutive odd numbers is always ∴ 77 – 70 = 7 be added to make it exactly divisible by
divisible by 3. 77.
For example: 1 + 3 + 5 = 9
It is divisible by 3. 11. d 9487 = 98 × 96 + 79
∴ 98 – 79 = 19 must be added to 9487 to make it
4. b The number 311311 is divisible by 11 but not divisible exactly divisible by 98.
by 3.
12. b Let the two-digit number be (10x + y).
5. b We know that 143 is nothing but 11 × 13. Thus, check Then, (10x + y) – (10y + x) = 7n
the divisibility of the numbers given in the answer ⇒ 9(x – y) = 7n
options by 11 and 13 both. If 9(x – y) is to be a multiple of 7, then, (x – y) has to be
equal to 7.
6. a For a number to be divisible by 132 it should be divisible ∴ For (x, y), possible values are (9, 2) and (7, 0).
by 11 and 12 or it should be divisible by 11, 3 and 4. [Note: It is not given anywhere that ‘M’ is also a two
Only 264, 396, 792 and 6336 are completely divisible digit number so ‘y’ can be equal to 0]
by 132.
13. b 431 + 432 + 433 + 434 = 431 (1 + 4 + 42 + 43)
7. d If a number is divisible by 72, it has to be divisible by 8 = 431 × 85
and 9 both. For a number to be divisible by 8, the = 430 × 4 × 85
number formed by it’s last three digits must be divisible = 430 × 340
by 8, with that logic Y is definitely 2. Now for a number Which is clearly divisible by 10.
to be divisible by 9, sum of its digits must be divisible
by 9. Sum of the digits of given number is (22 + X + Y) 14. a 1000 = (45 × 22) + 10
that is (24 + X), for this sum to be divisible by 9 ‘X’ must ∴ 45 – 10 = 35 to be added.
be 3.
15. b Number = xy xy xy
8. b 8961 = 106 × 84 + 57 = xy × 10000 + xy × 100 + xy
∴ The least number must be added to = 84 – 57 = 27. = xy (10000 + 100 + 1)
= xy × 10101

16. b Let the numbers be x and y. 21. a Let the number be 10x + y.
∴ xy = 11520 After interchanging the digits, the number obtained
x 9 = 10y + x
and = Resulting number
y 5
= 10x + y + 10y + x
x x = 11x + 11y
∴ xy × = 11520 ×
y y = 11 (x + y) which is exactly divisible by 11.
⇒ x2 = 2304 × 9
(26 ) − (42 )
n n
⇒ x = 2304 × 9 22. d 26n – 42n = = 64n – 16n
⇒ 48 × 3 = 144 which is divisible by 64 – 16 = 48.
x 9
From
y
=
5 23. a 461 + 462 + 463
= 461 (1 + 4 + 42)
5 × 144 = 461 × 21 which is divisible by 3.
⇒ y = = 80
9
∴ Required difference = 144 – 80 = 64 24. c Required Number
= 100 x + 10y + z
17. b Let the given number be x. Q 10y + z = 6m
Then, ∴ Number = 100x + 6m, where m is a positive
integer
 3  3
 x × 2  −  x + 2  = 10 = 2 (50x + 3m).
   
3 2 25. a LCM of 4, 5 and 6 = 60
⇒ x − x = 10
2 3 Quotient on dividing 800 by 60 = 13
Quotient on dividing 400 by 60 = 6
9x − 4x
⇒ = 10 ∴ Required answer = 13 – 6 = 7
6
Alternate Method:
⇒ 5x = 60 ⇒ x = 12
First number greater than 400 that is divisible by
60 = 420
18. d Let the required number of persons be x.
Smaller number than 800 that is divisible by 60 = 780
According to the question,
2x2 = 3042 It is an Arithmetic Progression with common
difference = 60
3042 by tn = a + (n – 1)d
⇒ x2 = = 1521
2 780 = 420 + (n – 1) × 60
⇒ (n – 1) × 60 = 780 – 420 = 360
⇒ x = 1521 = 39
⇒ (n – 1) = 360 + 60 = 6
⇒ n = 6 + 1 = 7.
19. d Sum of first 60 numbers
60(60 + 1) 60 × 61 26. c 571 + 572 + 573

= = = 1830 = 571 (1 + 5 + 52)
2 2
= 571 × 31 which is exactly divisible by 155.
The number 1830 is divisible by 61.
27. d 325 + 326 + 327 + 328
20. c Let the numbers be x and y and x is greater than
= 325 (1 + 3 + 32 + 33)
y. Then,
= 325 (1 + 3 + 9 + 27)
xy = 9375 ... (i)
= 325 × 40, which is clearly divisible by 30.
x
= 15 ⇒ x = 15y
y 28. b n3 – n = n (n2 – 1)
15y × y = 9375 [From (i)] = n (n + 1) (n – 1)
9375 For n = 2, n3 – n = 6
⇒ y2 = = 625
15
29. c Number = 100x + 10y + z
⇒ y = 625 = 25
Sum of digits = x + y + z
∴ x = 15y = 15 × 25 = 375 Difference = 100x + 10y + z – x – y – z
∴ x + y = 375 + 25 = 400. = 99x + 9y = 9 (11x + y)

30. d For n = 1 41. a (4)2m gives 6 at unit digit.
n4 + 6n3 + 11n2 + 6n + 24 (4)2m + 1 gives 4 at unit digit.
= 1 + 6 + 11 + 6 + 24 = 48 (5)n gives 5.
For n = 2 The same is the case with 1 ⇒ 1n = 1.
n4 + 6n3 + 11n2 + 6n + 24 ∴ Required digit = Unit’s digit in the product of
= 16 + 48 + 44 + 12 + 24 4 × 5 × 1 = 0.
= 144 which is divisible by 48.
Clearly, 48 is the required number. 42. b (251)98 = ...... 1
(21)29 = ...... 1
31. c The cyclicity of powers of 7 is 4 and the unit digit (106)100 = ....... 6
repeat in the order of (7, 9, 3, 1). (705)35 = ...... 5
Now, the remainder when 173 is divided by 4 will be 1. (16)4 = ...... 6
Hence, its unit digit will be equal to the unit digit of 7 259 = ...... 9
i.e. 7. ∴ Required answer = 1 + 1 – 6 + 5 – 6 + 9
= 16 – 12 = 4.
32. c The cyclicity of powers of 4 is 2. For every odd power,
the unit digit is 4 and for every even power the unit 43. d Expression = (2137)754
digit is 6. For 424782 the power is even and thus its last Unit digit in 2137 = 7
digit will be 6. Now, 71 = 7, 72 = 49, 73 = 343, 74 = 2401, 75
Similarly, for every odd power of 9, the unit digit is 9 = 16807, .....
and for every even power, it is 1. Now, for 179137, the Clearly, after index 4, the unit digit follow the same
power is odd and thus its last digit will be 9. order.
Adding, the last digit of the number, we get Dividing index 754 by 4 we get remainder = 2
6 + 9 = 15. Hence, 5 will be at unit place of 424782 + ∴ Unit digit in the expanison of (2137)754 = Unit digit
179137. in the expansion of (2137)2 = 9.
33. d Product = (727)57 × (621)23 44. d 41 = 4; 42 = 16; 43 = 64; 44 = 256; 45 = 1024

⇒ Unit digit = (... 7) × (... 1) = 7. Remainder on dividing 372 by 4 = 0
Remainder on dividing 373 by 4 = 1
34. d Unit digit is governed by product of individual unit digit ∴ Required unit digit
only. = Unit digit of the sum of 6 + 4 = 0.
Unit digit of (9 × 8 × 7 × 6) = 4.
45. d 71 = 7; 72 = 49; 73 = 343; 74 = 2401 ; 75 = 16807
35. d Cyclicity of 7 and 3 is 4, and that of 6 is 1. i.e, The unit digit repeats itself after power 4.
Hence, unit digit of the product = unit digit of 3 × 6 × 3 Remainder after we divide 245 by 4 = 1
= 4. ∴ Unit digit in the product of (4387)245 × (621)75
= Unit digit in the product of (4387)1 × (621)72
36. b Cyclicity of 3 and 7 is 4, and that of 1 is 1. = 7 × 1 = 7
Hence, unit digit of the product = 1 × 1 × 3 = 3.
46. d 71 = 7, 72 = 49, 73 = 343. 74 = 2401
37. c Cyclicity of 2 is 4. 31 = 3, 32 = 9, 33 = 27, 34 = 81
Hence, unit digit of (22)23 = unit digit of (2)3 = 8. i.e, the digit at unit’s place gets repeated after
power 4. Unit place 6 remains same for any power.
38. d (124)372[1 + 124] = (124)372 × 125 ∴ Required unit’s place digit = Unit’s place digit in the
Hence, unit digit is 0. product of 73 × 6 × 31 = 4.
39. b Unit digit = unit digit of [1 + 4 + 7 + 6 + 5 + 6] = 9. 47. d Unit’s place digit in 3 × 38 × 537 × 1256
4
= Unit’s place digit in 3 × 8 × 7 × 6 = 4 × 2 = 8.
40. c Unit digit in 3 = 1
So, unit digit in 3164 = 1 48. a Required unit’s place digit
Now, unit digit in (2153)167 = Unit’s place digit in the product of 7 × 5 × 8 ×
= unit digit in 3167 3 × 9 = 0.
= unit digit in 33 = 7

49. b Let the number be 100 50. a Let the two digit number be 10y + x where x > y
(2x) + 10y + x = 201x + 10y ... (i) ∴ 10x + y – 10y – x = 63
∴ 2x + y + x = 18 ⇒ 9x – 9y = 63 ⇒ x – y = 7
⇒ 3x + y = 18 ... (ii) ∴ x = 7, 8, 9 and y = 0, 1, 2
When the digits are reversed,
number = 100 (x) + 10y + 2x
= 102x + 10y ...(iii)
∴ 201x + 10y – 102x – 10y = 396
⇒ 99x = 396 ⇒ x = 4
∴ From equation (i),
3 × 4 + y = 18 ⇒ y = 18 – 12 = 6
∴ Required difference = 2x – y = 2 × 4 – 6 = 2.

Quantitative Aptitude - 7 P-1 (BS)
Percentage
1 b 2 d 3 c 4 b 5 a 6 c 7 b 8 d 9 c 10 a
11 d 12 b 13 d 14 a 15 a 16 b 17 c 18 b 19 b 20 d
21 c 22 b 23 a 24 b 25 c 26 c 27 b 28 b 29 b 30 d
31 d 32 b 33 b 34 c 35 b 36 b 37 c 38 b 39 a 40 d
41 e 42 e 43 d 44 c 45 b 46 d 47 b 48 d 49 d 50 b
1. b 28% of 450 + 45% of 280 (iii) 15% of x = 15
28 45 15
= ´ 450 + ´ 280 ⇒ × x = 15 ⇒ x = 100
100 100 100
(iv) 17.5% of x = 35
28 ´ 45 ´ (10 + 10)
= = 28 ´ 9 = 252. 17.5
100 ⇒ × x = 35 ⇒ x = 200.
100
2. d Let the third number be x. Then, 5. a Let the initial money that Chandra had be x.
Balance left with Chandra = x – 20% of x – 10% of
3 x – 9% of x – 7% of x = 2,700
First number = 30% of x = x
10 ⇒ 0.54x = 2700
⇒ x = <5,000.
4
and second number = 40% of x = x
2 50 1 1
10 16 % = ´ = = 0.16
6. c
3 3 100 6
First number
∴ Percentage value = × 100 2
Second number = 0.13.
15
Hence, 0.17 is the greatest of amongst the given three.
3
x 3 7. b Let the total number of votes be x.
= 10 × 100 = × 100 = 75%.
4 4 Winner’s percentage votes = 84% of x = 0.84x
x Percentage votes of rest of candidates
10
= x – 0.84x = 0.16x
Alternate: Majority = Difference of votes between winner and
rest = 0.84x – 0.16x = 476
30
Percentage value = × 120 = 75%. 476 ´100
40
Þ 0.68x = 476 Þ x = = 700.
68
3. c Area of rectangle = L × B ; New length = 1.2 L 8. d 20% of total votes = 20,000 votes
New area = 1.2 L × B ⇒ Total votes = 2,00,000.
Increase in area = 20%.
9. c Runs by boundaries and sixes
4. b (i) 20% of x = 10 = (3 × 4) + (8 × 6) = 60
Total number of runs scored = 110
20
⇒ × x = 10 ⇒ x = 50 . ∴ Runs scored by running between the wickets
100 = 110 – 60 = 50
(ii) 8% of x = 90 Percentage of runs scored by running between the
8 50 5
⇒ × x = 90 ⇒ x = 1125 wickets = ´100 = 45 %.
100 110 11

10. a Let the total number of births be 100. Then, 18. b Let maximum marks be x.
Total number of twins = (5% of 100) × 2 = 10
20 42
Total number of single children = 95% of 100 = 95 Then, x + 10 = x – 12 Þ x = 100.
Total number of children = 10 + 95 = 105 100 100
10
Percentage of twins = ´100 = 9.52%. 19. b A is 25% more than B,
105 Take B =100, then A = 125
25
x ∴ B is less than A by = × 100 = 20%.
11. d Let the fraction be . 125
y
x + 15% of x 15 20. d 30% of M is same as 15% of 20% of N

Then, =
y – 8% of y 16 30 15 20
⇒ ×M= × ×N
100 100 100
1.15x 15 x 15 0.92 3
Þ = Þ = ´ = .
0.92y 16 y 16 1.15 4 N 30 100 100
∴ × 100 = × × × 100 = 1000%.
M 100 15 20
12. b Let Q = x, then P = 6x.
P–Q 21. c Let the total wire bought be ‘x’ m. Then,
Percent of Q less than P = ´100
P Wire stolen = 10% of x = 0.1 x.
∴ Wire left = x – 0.1x = 0.9x.
6x – x 1 Now 90% of remainder is used.
= ´100 = 83 %.
6x 3 ∴ Wire left is 10% of remainder
= 10% of 0.9x = 0.09x.
13. d Let 100 be the maximum marks for each subject. Then,
Now, 0.09x = 47.25
from option (d),
⇒ x = 525 m.
90 + 95 + 95 + x
= 96 ⇒ x = 104 which is not
4 22. b Male population = 1,20,000 × 0.55 = 66,000
possible. ∴ Female population = 1,20,000 – 66,000 = 54,000.
Hence, his average % marks cannot be 96%. Number of male voters = 66,000 × 0.48 = 31,680
Number of female voters = 54,000 × 0.60 = 32,400
3 1 ∴ Total number of voters = 32,400 + 31,680
14. a X = 37.5% of 20% of 48 = × × 48 = 3.6 = 64,080.
8 5
1 3 23. a Let the cost price be ‘x’.

Y = 14.28% of 27.27% of 77 = × × 77 = 3 As, profit % = Cost Price
7 11
∴ X > Y. (S. P. − C. P.)
∴x = × 100
C. P.
42
15. a Passing marks = × 250 = 105  24 − x 
100 ⇒x=  × 100
He is failed by 105 – 95 = 10 marks.  x 
Þ x = <20.
16. b Let x be the number. Then,
24. b Total votes = 1200
74 Ram received = 0.30 × 1200 = 360
× x = 555 ⇒ x = 750 Balu received = 720
100
Kapil received = 1200 – (360 + 720) = 120
44 Percentages of votes which the winner got in
∴ 44% of 750 = × 750 = 330.
100 comparison to his closest rival is given by
720
17. c Let C’s salary be <100. = × 100 = 200%.
360
Þ B’s salary = 25% of C’s salary
= 25% of 100 = <25 25. c Required percentage
A’s salary = 40% of B’s salary
36 36 1
40 = × 100 = = = 0.25%.
= ´ 25 = <10 14.4 × 1000 144 4
100
Hence, A’s salary is 10% of C’s salary.

26. c Let X = 2x, Y = 3x and Z = 5x. Then, Depreciation = <100 – <51.20 = <48.80.
3x = 9000 ⇒ x = <3,000 Depriciation
Percent depriciation = ´100
∴ X = <6,000 and Z = <15,000 Pr esent value
9000 48.80
∴ Percentage value = × 100 = 150%. = ´100 = 48.80% .
6000 100
Alternate:
5x − 2x 33. b Let maximum marks be x.
Percentage value = × 100 = 150%
2x 30 45
x + 14 = x – 16 ⇒ x = 200
27. b Take initial value of business = <100 100 100
So, commission of dealer = 8% of 100 = <8 30
For next case also, commission for dealer = <8 Hence, passing marks = × 200 + 14 = 74.
100
Take final value of business = a
a × 10% = 8 34. c Area of square = side × side
As the side increase by 20%, percentage increase in
⇒ a = <80
a×b 20 × 20
20 area = a + b + = 20 + 20 + = 44%.
Percentage change in value of business = × 100 100 100
100
35. b Given that D = 300
= 20%.
D = C × 150% ⇒ C = 200
28. b Let the value of the machine two years ago be x. A = C × 60% ⇒ A = 120
Then, value of machine after one year A = B × 120% ⇒ B = 100.
= x – 10% of x = 0.9x
36. b Let B’s earning be x.
Further value of machine after two years,
i.e., present value = 0.9x – 10% of 0.9x = 0.81x 1 4
⇒ A’s earning = x + 33 % of x = x
∴ Present value = 0.81x = 1,62,000 3 3
⇒ x = <2,00,000. æç 4 ö
çç x – x÷÷÷
è3 ø
29. b 410 = X% of 123 ⇒ B’s earning less than A’s = ´100 = 25%.
4
⇒ X = 333.33 x
3
370 = Y% of 111
⇒ Y = 333.33 37. c Required marks = 80%; Obtained marks = 1005;
∴ X = Y. Failed by 13%.
∴ 1005 = (80 – 13)% of maximum marks = 67% of
30. d Total cost of painting = Rate × Surface area of sphere maximum marks.
As the radius increases by 10%. 100
Surface area will change by 21% [using formula ∴ Total marks = 1005 × = 1500.
67
a + b + (a × b)
.]
100 38. b Let x be the number. Then,
20 × 21 0.80 x + 80 = x ⇒ 0.20 x = 80 ⇒ x = 400.
Total change in cost of painting = 21 + 20 +
100
= 45.2%. 39. a Let x be the salary of Sandeep.
Then, savings = 30% of x
31. d Let the number be x. Expenses = 70% of x
LIC = 40% of 30% of x
x
Correct answer = . Others = 25% of 30% of x
5 Difference = 40% of 30% of x – 25% of 30% of x
Wrong answer = 5x
⇒ 135 = 15% of 30% of x
 x ⇒ x = <3,000.
 5x − 5 
Percentage error =   × 100 = 2400%.
x 40. d Let number of students failed = 100
5 Number of students who passed = 120
Percentages by which number of students failed is
32. b Let the present value of machine be <100. less than who have passed is given by
Þ Value after one year = 80% of 100 = <80,
Value after two years = 80% of 80 = <64, and  100 
= 1 –  × 100 = 16.66%.
value after three years = 80% of 64 = <51.20  120 

41. e Present value = <6 46. d Let number of females be x.
Inflation is 1000% Then, number of males = 15000 – x
Value after one year = 6 + 1000% of 6
= <6 + <60 = <66 10 8
∴x× + (15000 − x) × = 16300 − 15000
Value after two years = 66 + 1000% of 66 100 100
= <66 + <660 = <726.
⇒ 10x + 120000 – 8x = 130000
42. e Earnings = <4,000/month. ⇒ 2x = 130000 – 120000
Savings = 30% of 4000 = <1,200/month
⇒ 2x = 10000
Expenditure = Earning – Savings = <2,800/month
= 2800 × 12 = <33,600/year. ⇒ x = 5000.
43. d Base increases by 14.28% so to keep the area of

20 × 15
triangle constant the height must be changed. 47. b Single discount = 20 + 15 −
Let height change by x%. 100
= 35 – 3 = 32%.
1
3 Area = ×b×h
2
30 40 80
48. d ×A+ ×B = ×B
a×b 100 100 100
By using formula a + b +
100 ⇒ 30A + 40B = 80B
14.28 × x 100 x ⇒ 30A = 40B

⇒ 14.28 + x + =0 ⇒ +x+ =0
100 7 7
30
⇒ x = –12.5%. Percentage of A is B = × 100 = 75%.
40
44. c Let the number of votes received by A be ‘x’. Then, 90 30

49. d ×A = ×B
x 100 100
B’s vote count = 50% of votes of A = 50% of x =
2
B 90
As, if A got 200 votes less, there would have been a ⇒ = =3
A 30
tie. These 200 votes would have gone to B.
x B 2x
⇒ x – 200 =
x
+ 200 ⇒ = 400 ⇒ x = 800 =
2 2 A 100
Total number of votes = votes of A + votes of B
2x
∴3 =
x 100
= x + = 800 + 400 = 1200.
2
⇒ 2x = 300 ⇒ x = 150.
45. b Let the price of the bicycle be <x. Then,

 9.09   8.33   7.7  50. b Percentage to reduce his consumption
x × 1 + × 1+ × 1+ = 1274
 100   100   100 
25
 1  1  1 = × 100 = 20%.
⇒ x × 1 +  × 1 +  × 1 +  = 1274 125
 11   12   13 
12 13 14
⇒ x× × × = 1274
11 12 13
⇒ x = 91× 11 = <1,001.

Profit, Loss and Discount
1 b 2 d 3 a 4 c 5 b 6 c 7 d 8 b 9 c 10 a
11 a 12 d 13 d 14 c 15 c 16 a 17 a 18 a 19 c 20 b
21 c 22 b 23 c 24 d 25 c 26 c 27 c 28 c 29 d 30 d
31 c 32 a 33 d 34 b 35 e 36 e 37 e 38 a 39 e 40 b
41 b 42 d 43 e 44 b 45 d 46 d 47 a 48 a 49 c 50 b
1. b 10% stock at `96 = 10% of `96 = `9.60

5
Total investment = `650 × 9.60 ⇒ x= × 816 = `1,020
= `6,240. 4
For 10% gain, selling price = 110% of x
2. d Mark-up price = `2,000, S.P. = `1,500.
110
Since cost price is not given we cannot find the profit = × 1020 = `1,122.
100
or loss percentage. So, data is inadequate.
3. a Let the cost price be ‘x’. 6. c Cost price of the pens = 25 × 60 = `1,500.
Then, profit % = Cost price Selling price of the pens = 30 × 0.88 × 60 = `1,584.
1584 − 1500
(SP − CP) ∴ Profit percentage = × 100 = 5.6%.
⇒x= × 100 1500
CP
7. d Let the total investment = 36 × 30 = `1,080.
 24 − x 
⇒x=  × 100 CP of one book = `30, SP of one book = `36.
 x 
36 − 30 6
Hence, x = `20. Pr ofit = × 100 = × 100 = 20%.
30 30
4. c SP = `y
Discount = x% Alternative method:
Let the list price be ‘l’. 36 × CP = 30 × SP
SP 36
l– y ⇒ = = 120%
⇒ x=  × 100 CP 30
 l 
∴ Profit = 20%.
x y
⇒ = 1– 8. b Since selling price of 80 kg = CP of 80 kg – SP of 16 kg.
100 l
(Assuming SP = `x per kg)
100y 80x = CP – 16x
y 100 – x
⇒ = ⇒ l= ` . ∴ CP = (80 + 16)x = 96x ⇒ 96x = 384
l 100 (100 – x)
384
Hence, x = = 4. So, SP = `4 per kg.
96
CP – SP
5. b Loss% = ´100
CP 9. c In fact, you get things worth `3,000, but you pay
`2,000 only. So, you are getting a discount
Let CP be x. Then,
æç x – 816 ö÷ 3000 − 2000 1
´100 = 20 = × 100 = 33 %.
ççè x ø÷÷ 3000 3

10. a Loss = CP – SP. a
1 dozen SP = 6 dozen CP – 6 dozen SP ×2
40 100
Total return incomes of X = × 100 = =5
7 dozen SP = 6 dozen CP a 20
1 a
Loss % = × 100 ≈ 14.28%. ×4
50 100
7 Total return incomes of Y = × 100 = 4 =8
a 50
11. a Let the CP of the article be x. ∴ Ratio = 5 : 8.
1.08x – 0.92x = 12
17. a Let the price of one shirt be `100. Then,
12 Price of 4 shirts = 4 × 100 = `400.
⇒ 0.16x = 12 ⇒ x = = `75.
0.16 Customer pays for 3 shirts i.e. `300.
Discount = 400 – 300 = `100.
12. d (12.5% of CP) + CP = 540 Discount 100
112.5% of CP = 540 Discount % = × 100 = × 100 = 25%.
Total price 400
Now (25% of CP) + CP = 125% of CP.
540
SP = × 125 =` 600 (earlier profit = 12.5%; double Pr ofit 40
112.5 18. a Profit percentage = × 100 = × 100 = 20%.
CP 200
the profit = 25%).
13. d Let SP be `100, then profit = `25; 19. c CP1 = SP2

CP = 100 – 25 = `75. CP2 = SP1
Hence, total CP = CP1 + CP2 = SP2 + SP1 = total SP
25 So, he makes no profit, no loss.
∴ Profit percentage = × 100 = 33.33% .
75
20. b 20% profit on CP of `600 = `120.
14. c Let price of furniture set be x. Then, So, book seller has to sell the book at `720 after
1.25 x – 0.8x = 900 discount, to make 20% profit.
⇒ 0.45x = 900 Let marked price be x. Then,
0.9x = 720 ⇒ x = `800.
900
⇒ x = = `2,000
0.45 21. c Let the cost price be `‘C’.
To make 20% profit he should sell it at 2000 × 1.2
C− X
= `2,400. Then, L =   × 100
 C 
L X
1 ⇒ = 1− ... (i)
15. c 9.09% = % 100 C
11
 Y −C
12 and P =   × 100
SP at 9.09% profit = 1331 ×  C 
11
= `1,452 ⇒
P Y
= −1 ... (ii)
If he don’t offer any discount, then SP = `1,552 100 C
His profit = 1,552 – 1,331 = `221. Adding (i) and (ii), we get
L+P Y− X
16. a X Y =
100 C
Par value 10 10
100(Y − X)
Market Pr ice 40 50 ⇒C= .
(L + P)
Dividend 20% 40%
Investment a a
22. b Let 60 oranges of type-1 and 120 oranges of type-2
Therefore, number of shares each of them bought has been bought by vendor.
Total cost of oranges = 3 × 15 + 4 × 20 = `125
a a
= ,
40 50 18
Now selling price of 180 oranges = × 180 = `135.
(Dividend) Income 24
⇒ 20% of 10 = 2
⇒ 40% of 10 = 4 10
Hence, offered discount = × 100 = 7.41%
135

23. c Let the marked price be x. Then, 27. c Take LCM of 2, 3, 5, i.e. 30.
So, cost of 30 pencils at the rate of 2 per rupee
2
SP = x = `15 and cost of 30 pencils at the rate of 3 per
5 `2 = `20.
æ C.P. – S.P.ö÷ Hence, total cost of 60 pencils = 15 + 20 = `35.
Loss% = çç ´100
çè C.P. ÷÷ø Selling price of 60 pencils at the rate of 5 per `3 = `36.
æç 1 20 6
2 ö÷ Hence, profit percentage = × 100 = = 2 %.
x ÷÷
ççç 8 35 7 7
Þ 25 = ç1– 5 ÷÷´100 Þ C.P. = x.
çç C.P.÷÷÷ 15
ççè ÷÷
ø Alternative method:
The easier way is to assume that he has one pencil of
8 each kind.
\ Ratio of marked price : cost price = x : x
15 3 
× 2
= 15 : 8. SP  5  = 1.2
=
CP  1 2  1.16
24. d Effective % change of x% and y% 2 + 3
 
æ xy ö÷ SP
= çç x + y + ÷% > 1 . It is a gain and also the gain is less
çè 100 ÷ø Now as
CP
Now x = – 20% and y = – 20%
1.2 .03
For two successive discounts the net discount than 3% as – 1≈ and
1.16 1.16
(–20)(–20)
= (–20) + (–20) + = 36% as 3% of 1.16 ≈ 0.034 > 0.03 .
100
Now let the amount of the bill be `x.
28. c Spring balance shows 800 gm for 1 kg
(Two successive 20% discounts on x) – 35% of
His loss = 200 gm per kg.
x = `22
Þ 36% of x – 35% of x = 22 200
His loss percent = ×100 = 20% loss.
Þ 1% of x = 22 1000
x Let the list price of the shirt be `100.

Þ = 22 Þ x = `2,200. 29. d
100
3
Price for which the shirt is bought (CP) = of 100
4
25. c After the first discount of 10% the revised list price = `75
= 90% of `720 = `648 Price for which shirt is sold (SP) = 100 + 50% of 100
Now discount on revised list price = `150.
= 648 – 550.80 = `97.20.
SP − CP 150 − 75
Now let the second discount be x% Profit = × 100 = × 100 = 100%.
CP 75
Þ x% of `648 = `97.20
648 30. d Cost of 10 kg of oranges = `405.
Þ x´ = 97.20 Þ x = 15%. It is to be noted here that after 1 kg rotten oranges is
100
found, he sells only 9 kg, but the cost to him will remain
26. c Let SP of one article be `1. `405.
So, SP of 6 articles = `6. For 10% profit, he should sell the oranges at
CP of 6 articles = SP of 5 articles = `5. (1.1 × 405) = `445.50
Hence, profit = 6 – 5 = `1. So, SP of 9 kg = `445.50
1
∴ Percentage profit = × 100 = 20% . 445.50
= <49.50.
5 Hence, SP per kg =
9
Alternative method: 31. c Let the cost price be x. Then,

Let the SP be x and CP be y.
∴ 6y = 5x SP – CP
Gain% = ´100
x SP 6 CP
⇒ = = = 120 %
y CP 5 40.60 – x
∴ Profit = 20% Þ 16 = ´100
x
Þ x = `35.

32. a Let the selling price of 1 m of cloth is `1. 38. a Let price of milk be `10 per L
∴ Selling price of 33 m of cloth = `33 9 litre of milk costs = `90
∴ Profit = `11 (9 + 2) litre milk will fetch him = 1.1 (90 + 20) = `121
Cost price = S.P. – Profit = `22 121– 90 31
His net profit = × 100 = ×100 = 34.4%.
Pr ofit 11 90 90
\ Gain% = ´100 = ´100 = 50% .
C.P. 22
39. e Successive discount of 20% and 15%
33. d Let the listed price be `100. 20 × 15

= – 20% – 15% +
Then, net selling price = 95% of 90% of 80% of `100 100
= – 35 + 3% = – 32%
95 90 80
= ´ ´ ´100 = ` 68.40 ⇒ Successive discount of 20% and 15% = discount
100 100 100
of 32%.
\ Required discount = (100 – 68.40)% = 31.6%.
Selling price × 100 3520 × 100
34. b Selling price = `100. Gain = `20 40. b Cost price = =
100 − loss% 100 − 12
∴ CP = SP – gain = `100 – `20 = `80
3520 × 100
20 = =< 4,000
∴ Gain percentage = × 100 = 25% . 88
80
 100 + profit% 
Now, selling price =   × Cost price
35. e Let cost price of each pen be `1. Then,  100 
CP of 12 pens = `12
 100 + 12 
Also, SP of 8 pens = `12 =  × 4000 = < 4,480.
 100 
12 41. b Let the cost price of goods be `100. Then,
∴ SP of 1 pen = = `1.50
8 Marked price = 150% of 100 = `150.
Discount = 25% of `150 = `37.50
SP – CP ∴ Selling price = Marked price – Discount
\ Gain% = ´100
CP = 150 – 37.50 = `112.50
SP – CP 112.50 – 100
=
1.50 – 1
´100 = 50%. Gain% = ´100 = ´100
CP 100
1
= 12.5%.
36. e Let the cost price of 1 cm of cloth be `1. Then, 42. d CP = `1,200
CP of 1 m of cloth = SP of 1 m of cloth = `100 Profit = 25%
Also, CP of 90 cm of cloth = `90 \ SP = 125% of 1200 = `1,500
Gain on selling 1 m of cloth =`100 – 90 = `10.
æ Marked Pr ice – S.P.ö÷
Discount % = çç ÷´100
Gain% =
Gain
´100 çè Marked Pr ice ø÷÷
CP of 90cm of cloth
æ Marked Pr ice – 1500 ö÷
10 Þ 20% = çç ÷÷´100
= ´100 = 11.11%. çè Marked Pr ice ÷ø
90
Þ Marked Price = `1,875.
37. e Let the cost price of the washing machine be `100

43. e Selling price of 17 balls = `720
and list price be x. Let cost price of each ball be x. Then,
20 cost price of 17 balls = 17x
Then, x − x × = 112 and cost price of 5 balls = 5x
100
Now, loss = cost price – selling price
⇒ 0.8x = 112 ⇒ x =<140 Þ loss = 17x – 720 = cost price of 5 balls
When the shopkeeper gives a discount of 25%, then Þ 17x – 720 = 5x
Þ 12x = 720
25
selling price = 140 – 140 × = 140 – 35 = `105 Þ x = 60
100
\ Cost price of one ball is `60.
Hence, there will be a profit of 5%.

44. b Let Mr. Alphonso buys mangoes for `150 [LCM of 50, 49. c Let the marked price of watch be `x.
30]
95 94
150 ∴x× − x× = 15
First type he buys = 5 dozen 100 100
30
x
150 ⇒ = 15
Second type he buys = 3 dozen 100
50
In total he spent `300 for 8 dozen mangoes ⇒ x = `1,500.
He sells all mangoes at `40 per dozen
He earns 8 × 40 = `320 50. b Let the cost price of first horse be `x.
320 – 300 2 Then, cost price of second horse = `(19500 – x)
His profit percentage = × 100 = 6 %.
300 3
80 115
∴ x× = (19500 − x ) ×
100 100
45. d Let CP of 1 gm sugar be `1.
Then, SP of 1 gm sugar will be `1. ⇒ 80x = 19500 × 115 – 115x
The seller uses a weight of 800 gm in place of
⇒ 80x + 115x = 19500 × 115
1000 gm.
Impurities in 800 gm = 800 × 0.2 = 160 gm ⇒ 195x = 19500 × 115
∴ CP of sugar = 800 – 160 = `640 which is sold in
`1,000. 19500 × 115
⇒ x= = `11,500
Hence, profit percentage 195
1000 – 640 Cost price of second horse

= × 100 = 56.25%.
640 = 19500 – 11500 = `8,000.
Alternate:
30 × 10
46. d Percentage gain = 30 − 10 − Let the selling price of each horse be 100y
100
Then, cost price of first horse = 125y
= 20 – 3 = 17%.
2000
and cost price of second horse = y
23
47. a Marked price of article
100 120 2000

= 450 × × = `600.
∴ 125y + y = 19,500
90 100 23
⇒ y = 92
48. a SP of 10 articles = CP of 11 articles Hence, cost price of horses are `11,500 and `8,000.
11 − 10
∴ Gain percentage = × 100 = 10%.
10

Simple Interest and Compound Interest

1 b 2 c 3 d 4 b 5 c 6 a 7 c 8 d 9 a 10 a
11 d 12 a 13 a 14 d 15 a 16 b 17 b 18 b 19 b 20 b
21 c 22 d 23 c 24 b 25 c 26 c 27 b 28 b 29 d 30 b
31 a 32 d 33 c 34 d 35 b 36 e 37 d 38 c 39 d 40 c
41 b 42 a 43 e 44 e 45 a 46 b 47 a 48 b 49 c 50 c
1. b Let R be the rate percentage. Then,

1.50 × 100 × 100
Sum = = `600.
1 5×5
SI = × P
9
3. d Amount = `8,820 and the principal = `8,000.
1 R
⇒ P=P× ×R (No. of years = R)
9 100 n 2 n
8820  5   21   21 
= 1+  ⇒   =   ⇒ n = 2 years.
8000  100   20   20 
R2 1 2 100 10 1
⇒ = ⇒ R = ⇒ R= =3 %.
100 9 9 3 3
4. b Let the principal amount be P. Then,
4
SI in 4 years = P × ×4
5 10 100
2. c SI = P × ×2 = P (where P = Sum of money)
100 100
5
n
SI in 3 years = P × ×3
 r  100
Amount = P  1 + 
 100  Difference = `80
16 15
 5 
2
11025 P  1025  ⇒ P– P = 80
CI = P  1 +  −P = −P =  P 100 100
 100  10000  10000 
⇒ P = `8,000.
1025 10
Difference = P− P = 1.50.
10000 100 500 × 5 × 10
5. c SI = = ` 250.
100
25
⇒ P = 1.5 ⇒ P = `600.
10000 6. a Let T be the time. Then,
Short cut: P×R× T
Interest =
2
100
 r 
Difference in interest = CI2 – SI2 =   P 100 × Interest 100 × 500
 100  ⇒T= = = 2.5 years.
P×R 2000 × 10
(Only when difference of CI and SI for 2 years)

7. c Let sum be `x, then SI = `(648 – x) 2
 r 
12. a 4840 = P 1 +  ... (i)
x×4×5  100 
∴ = 648 – x
100
3
⇒ x = `540  r 
5324 = P  1 +  ... (ii)
Now, P = `540, R = 10%, T = 2 years  100 
 540 × 10  Dividing (ii) by (i), we get

SI =  × 2  = `108
 100   r  5324 r 484
 1 + 100  = 4840 ⇒ 100 = 4840
∴ Amount = 540 + 108 = `648.  
⇒ r = 10%.
8. d Let the sum be `P. Then,
3 13. a Let the principal amount be p.

 R 
P 1 +  = 1200 ...(i) For it to become four times, interest should be 3p.
 100 
5
6 ∴ 3p = p × ×n
 R  100
P 1 +  = 1800 ...(ii)
 100 
p × 300
⇒n= = 60 years.
 R 
3
3 5×p
On dividing, we get  1 +  =2
 100 
3 P × R × n 982 × 6 × 8
Substituting this value in (i), we get P × = 1200 14. d SI = = = `39.28.
2 100 100 × 12
2
⇒ P = 1200 × = `800. 4
3  r 
15. a 3P = P  1 + 
 100 
9. a P = `5,000 r = 3% p.a. n = 10 years
1
 r 
P × n × r 5000 × 10 × 3 ⇒ 1 + =3
4
∴ SI = = = `1,500.  100 
100 100
n

Now, 81P = P  1 +
r 
 100 
5PR
10. a Case 1: SI = A – P = 2P – P = P ⇒ P =
100 n
⇒ 34 = 3 4
⇒ R = 20%
⇒ n = 16 years.
12PR
Case 2: SI = A – P = 3P – P = 2P ⇒ 2P =
100
P×R× T
⇒ R = 16.66% 16. b SI =
100
Hence, rate of interest is better in case-1.
100 × SI 100 × 150
11. d Difference of sum after 2 and 3 years = 1,728 – 1,440 ⇒P= = = ` 1,200.
R×T 2.5 × 5
= `288
`288 is the simple interest on `1,440 for one year.
1440 × r × 1
288 = ⇒ r = 20% .
100

17. b SI for 1 year = 1111 – 1045 = `66
SI for 5 years = 66 × 5 = `330   5 
3    5 
2 
22. d P  1 +  – P – P  1 +  – P  = 110.25
∴ Principal = 1045 – 330 = `715.   100     100  
18. b SI = 1,380 – 1,200 = `180, P = `1,200, ⇒ (1.05)3P – (1.05)2P = 110.25

T = 3 years
⇒ P[(1.05)3 – (1.05)2] = 110.25
 100 × 180  ⇒ P(1.05)2 (0.05) = 110.25

∴R =   % = 5%,
 1200 × 3  (11025) 5 11025
New rate = (5 + 3 ) = 8% ⇒P × =
10000 100 100
⇒ P = `2,000.
1200 × 8 × 3
New SI = = ` 288
100
∴ New amount = 1,200 + 288 = `1,488. 5
23. c Since rate of interest is half yearly i.e. = 2.5%
2
19. b Let two parts be `x and `(1,105 – x). Then,
1
 2.5 
5 7 Amount on June 30 = 1600  1 +  = `1,640.
 10   10   100 
x 1 +  = (1105 – x )  1 + 100 
 100   
∴ Principle on July 1 = 1640 + 1600 = `3,240.
2 1
x 
= 1+
10 
=
11 11
× Amount on December 31 = 3240 1 + 2.5  = `3,321
⇒  100 
1105 – x  100  10 10  
⇒ x = `605. Total CI = 3,321 – 1,600 – 1,600 = `121.

So, the two parts are `605 and (1105 – 605 =)
`500. 24. b Let the rate be R% p.a., then
  R 
2  1500 × R × 2 
20. b First part = `x, R = 6%, N = 2 years 1500  1 +  – 1500  –   = 15
Second part = 3,650 – x, R = 4%, N = 3 Years   100    100 
According to the given condition,
 (100 + R )2 2R 
x×6×2 (3650 – x) × 4 × 3
⇒ = ⇒ 2x = 3650 ⇒ 1500  – 1–  = 15
100 100  10000 100 
 
⇒ x = `1,825
⇒ R = 10% p.a.
Second part = 3,650 – 1,825 = `1,825.
Alternate method:
21. c Since the rate is compounded half-yearly, time period
1 PR2 1500 × R2
for 1 years = 3. 2
= 15 ⇒ = 15
2 100 1002
3 ⇒ R2 = 100 ⇒ R = 10%.
1  r 
Population after 1 years = P 1 +  .
2  100 
25. c Let deposited amount be `x.
3
 10  x×2×6 x × 3 × 16 x × 1 × 20
= 1000 1 +  = 1000 × 1.10 × 1.10 × 1.10 = 1331. Then, + + = 6080
 100  100 100 100
⇒ x = `7,600.

26. c Let the value of each installment be x, Then,
20 20 100
Thus, r = × 100 = × = 4% .
x x P 500 1
+ = 6720
 10   10 
2
1 +
 100   1 +
   100 
10 10
 R   R 
29. d P 1 +  = 2P,  1 +  =2 ...(i)
 100   100 
10x 100x
⇒ + = 6720
11 121
n n
 R   R  4
⇒ 210x = 6720 × 121 ⇒ x = `3872 Let P  1 +  = 16P ,  1 + 100  = 16 = 2
 100   
So, each installment = `3,872.
Using (i)
4
 1 1 1 n  R  
10 40
27. b Remaining part = 1 –  +  =  R   R 
3 6 2  1 + 100  =  1 + 100   =  1 + 100 
      
Average rate percentage per annum on the total sum
⇒ n = 40
1  1  1 
=  × 3  +  × 6  +  × 8  = 6% So, the required time = 40 years.
3  6  2 
100 × SI 100 × 600

∴ P= = = `5,000 30. b Pr incipal =
1440
+
1440
R×T 6×2  20   2
20 
 1 + 100   1 + 
The original sum is `5,000.    100 
r 1440 × 5 1440 × 25
28. b SI = P × × 2 = 40 = +
100 6 36
= `2,200.
r 20
⇒ = ...(i)
100 P
1 25
n
31. a P = <72,000, R = 12 % = % p.a.
 r  2 2
Amount = P  1 + 
 100 
8 2
T= = years.
12 3
2
 r 
⇒ (P + I) = P 1 + 
P×R× T 25 2 1
 100  ∴ SI = = 72000 × × ×
100 2 3 100
 20 
2 = <6,000.
⇒ (P + 40.80) = P  1 +  (from (i))
 P 
3600 × 100
32. d Principal amount =
 9×5
400 40 
⇒ (P + 40.80) = P 1 + 2 + 
 P P  = `8,000.
400 2
⇒ P + 40.80 = P + + 40  6 
P 33. c Amount = 12500 ×  1 +  = `14,045
 100 
⇒ (40.80 – 40)P = 400
∴ CI = 14,045 – 12,500 = `1,545.
400
⇒P= = `500
0.8

34. d Rate = 10% p.a., time = 2 years, S.I. = `1,000 Using (i), we get
100 × 1000 3
Pr incipal = = `5,000  R 
n  R  
8
 R 
24
10 × 2
 1 + 100  =  1 + 100   =  1 + 100 
      
2
 10  11 11
Amount at CI = 5000 ×  1 +  = 5000 × 10 × 10 ⇒ n = 24
 100 
So, the required time = 24 years.
= `6,050
CI = 6,050 – 5000 = `1,050.
1694 1694
40. c Pr incipal = +
35. b Let the value of each installment be `x. Then,  10   10 
2
 1 + 100   1 + 
   100 
x x
+ = 6,500
 8   8 
2
1 +
 100   1 + 1694 × 10 1694 × 100
   100  = +
11 121
= 1,540 + 1,400 = `2,940.
25x 625x
⇒ + = 6500
27 729
41. b P = `4,500, Time = 9 months = 3 quarters
⇒ 1300x = 6500 × 729 R = 16% p.a. = 4% per quarter
⇒ x = 3,645 3
 4 
So, each installment = `3,645. ∴ Amount = 4500 ×  1 + 
 100 
36. e Let the sum be x. Then,
3
 26 
 x × 10 × 11   x × 12 × 9  = 4500 ×   = `5061.88
 100 × 2  –  100 × 2  = 30  25 
   
∴ C.I. = 5,061.88 – 4,500 = `561.88.
⇒ x = `3,000.
42. a Let the sum be x. Then,
37. d P = `2,000, Rate = 2% per half year,
2
Time = 2 years = 4 half year  10  21x
CI = x  1 +  – x = 100
4
 100 
 2 
∴ Amount = 2,000 ×  1 +  = `2,164.86
 100  x × 10 × 2 x
SI = =
∴ CI = 2,164.86 – 2,000 = `164.86. 100 5
38. c P = `400, Amount = `441, time = 2 years 21x x

∴ (CI) – (SI) = – = 105
Let the rate be R% p.a. Then, 100 5
2 2
 R   R  441 x
400  1 +  = 441 ⇒  1 + 100  = 400 ⇒ = 105 ⇒ x = `10,500.
 100    100
R 21
⇒ 1+ = ⇒ R = 5% p.a. Alternate Method:
100 20
x × R2 x × 102
8 8 ⇒ 2
= 105 ⇒ = 105 ⇒ x = ` 10,500.
 R   R  100 1002
39. d P 1 +  = 2P,  1 + 100  = 2 ...(i)
 100   
n
n
 R 
Let P  1 +
R  3
 = 8P ,  1 + 100  = 8 = 2
 100   

47. a Let sum be `P.
9x
43. e Let sum be x. Then, SI =
16 Then interest = `2P.
Let rate = R% and time = R year. Then, P × R × 25

∴ 2P =
100
x × R × R 9x
=
100 16 ⇒ R = 8%.
9 × 100 9 × 25
⇒ R2 = =
16 4 48. b Interest = 5700 – 5000 = `700
700 × 100
3 × 5 15 1 Rate = = 14%
⇒ R= = =7 5000 × 1
2 2 2
1 1 7000 × 5 × 14
∴ Rate = 7 % and time = 7 years. Now, interest = = `4,900
2 2 100
Total amount = 7000 + 4900 = `11,900.

44. e P = `100, Amount = `121, Rate = 10% p.a.
Let the time be n years. Then,
49. c Let `x doubles itself in 4 years.
 10 
n 2x become 4x in next 4 years,
100  1 +  = 121
 100  therefore, it takes 8 years for amount to be four times.
n n 2
 1  121  11   11 
⇒ 1 +  = 100 ⇒  10  =  10  800 × 3 × R
 10      50. c SI = (956 – 800 =) 156 =
100
⇒ n = 2 years.
156 13
⇒ R= = %
45. a Let amount after 4 years be A. Then, 24 2
 2   4   8   12 
A = 5000 1 + 1+ 1+ 1+
 100   100   100   100  New rate = 4 +
13 21
= %
2 2
⇒ A = `6,415
∴ CI = 6,415 – 5,000 = `1,415. 800 × 21
New SI = × 3 = `252
100 × 2
PR 2 Total amount = 800 + 252 = `1,052.

46. b Difference = 2
(100)
4000 × 25
= = `10.
100 × 100

Ratio, Proportion and Partnership
1 b 2 c 3 a 4 b 5 d 6 b 7 c 8 a 9 d 10 b
11 c 12 a 13 d 14 a 15 d 16 c 17 c 18 c 19 b 20 a
21 d 22 b 23 a 24 d 25 a 26 a 27 d 28 a 29 a 30 b
31 b 32 a 33 c 34 e 35 b 36 d 37 b 38 c 39 c 40 a
41 a 42 c 43 d 44 d 45 c 46 d 47 e 48 c 49 b 50 d
7. c A : B = 4 : 5 and B : C = 3 : 5
28 x
1. b = ⇒ x2 = 28 × 7 ⇒ x = 14. ⇒ A : B : C = 4 × 3 : 5 × 3 : 5 × 5 = 12 : 15 : 25
x 7
A : B : C = 12 : 15 : 25 and C : D = 3 : 2
⇒ A : B : C : D = 12 × 3 : 15 × 3 : 25 × 3 : 25 × 2
1 1 1 6 4 3 = 36 : 45 : 75 : 50
2. c Given ratio = : : = : : i.e. 6 : 4 : 3
2 3 4 12 12 12 Hence, C gets the maximum amount.
6 6 Alternative method:
∴ L argest part = 195 × = 195 ×
(6 + 4 + 3) 13 A : B is 4 : 5 ⇒ B is greater than A.
= `90. B : C is 3 : 5 ⇒ C is greater than B.
C : D is 3 : 2 ⇒ C is greater than D.
a b c 2a − 3b + 5c
3. a Let = = = =λ 8. a Let father’s age be 4x and son’s age be x. Then,
2 3 4 k
∴ a = 2λ, b = 3λ, c = 4λ 4x + 5 3
=
x+5 1
2a − 3b + 5c
Q =λ ⇒ 4x + 5 = 3x + 15
k
⇒ x = 10
2 × 2λ − 3 × 3λ + 5 × 4λ Hence, the present age of father
⇒ =λ = 4x = 4 × 10 = 40 years.
k
15λ 9. d A = C + 1200, B = C + 500
⇒ = λ ⇒ k = 15.
k ⇒ C + 1200 + C + 500 + C = 4700
⇒ 3C = 3000 ⇒ C = 1000
Hence, A : B : C = 22 : 15 : 10
1 1 1 18 20 45
4. b A:B:C= : : = : : = 18 : 20 : 45
10 9 4 180 180 180 22
A’s share = × 423 = `198.
47
20
∴ B’s share = × 4980 = `1,200.
83
x2 a2 9 x 2 + a2 9
= = =
4 ⇒ y 2 + b2 4
10. b 2 2 .
5. d Given ratio = 5 : 4 : 9 : 7 y b
Sum of ratio terms = 25
9 1 1 1 15 10 6
Largest part = 125 × = ` 45. 11. c Given ratio =
: : = : : i.e. 15 : 10 : 6
25 2 3 5 30 30 30
∴ The difference between highest and lowest shares
6. b Total age of 3 children = 10 × 3 = 30 years
(15 − 6)
Ratio of their age = 2 : 3 : 5 = 465 × = `135.
31
3
Age of middle child = × 30 = 9 years.
10

12. a A : B = 5 : 4, B : C = 8 : 9 21. d Ratio of their shares = (35000 × 8) : (42000 × 10)
∴ A : B : C = 40 : 32 : 36 = 10 : 8 : 9 =2:3
9 2
C’s share is = × 3600 = `1,200. ∴ Pawan’s share = 31,570 × = `12,628.
27 5
13. d Let 4x, 5x and 6x be the number of coins of one 22. b Let x, 2x and 3x be the number of coins of 25 paisa,
rupee, 50-paisa and 25-paisa respectively. 10 paisa and 5 paisa respectively.
25 10 5
5x 6x Then, ×x+ × 2x + × 3x = 45
∴ 4x + + = 32 100 100 100
2 4
⇒ 25x + 20x + 15x = 4500 ⇒ 60x = 4500 ⇒ x = 75
16x + 10x + 6x ∴ Number of 10 paisa coins = 2 × 75 = 150.
⇒ = 32 ⇒ 32x = 128 ⇒ x = 4
4
∴ Number of coins are 16, 20 and 24. 23. a B + C = 100, C + A = 150, A = 2B
C + A = C + 2B = 150 ( Q A = 2B)
14. a Let ‘f’ be the age of father and ‘s’ be the age of son. ⇒ (B + C) + B = 150 ⇒ 100 + B = 150
f – 5 = 5(s – 5) ⇒ f – 5s = –20 ...(i) B = 150 – 100 = `50
and f + 2 = 3(s + 2) ⇒ f – 3s = 4 ...(ii) ∴ A get `100.
Subtracting (i) from (ii), we get ∴ A + B + C = `200.
2s = 24 ⇒ s = 12 years
∴ f = 40 years 5m − 4n 1
24. d =
40 10 5m + 4n 4
∴ Re quired ratio = = i. e. 10 : 3.
12 3 5m − 4n + 5m + 4n 1 + 4
⇒ =
15. d Either incomes or expenditure must be given. Hence, it 5m − 4n − 5m − 4n 1 − 4
cannot be determined. 10m 5 5m 5 4
⇒ = ⇒ = ⇒ m= n
−8n −3 4n 3 3
A B C Q 3m + 2n = 24
16. c = = = k (Let)
5 7 6
4
⇒ A = 5k, B = 7k and C = 6k ⇒ 3 × n + 2n = 24 ⇒ 6n = 24 ⇒ n = 4
3
A + B + C 5k + 7k + 6k 18k
∴ = = = 3. 4 16
C 6k 6k ∴ m= ×4 = .
3 3
1 25. a Let A = k, B = 2k, C = 5k

17. c 20% of B = G
3
120 120 6
A’s new salary = of k = ×k = k
20 1 B 5 100 100 5
⇒ B= G ⇒ = , B : G = 5 : 3.
100 3 G 3
115 115 23
18. c Let B joined after x months, then B’s money was B’s new salary = of 2k = × 2k = k
100 100 10
invested for (12 – x) months.
110 110 11
4500 × 12 3 C’s new salary = of 5k = × 5k = k
∴ = 100 100 2
3000 × (12 − x ) 1
⇒ x = 6 months. 6 23 11
∴ New ratio = k: k : k = 12 : 23 : 55.
5 10 2
19. b Let the shares of A, B and C after diminishing the
respective amounts from their shares be 8x, 15x and
20x respectively. Then 26. a A : B : C = 6000 : 7000 : 8000 = 6 : 7 : 8
(8x + 25) + (15x + 28) + (20x + 52) = 3115
6
⇒ 43x = 3010 ⇒ x = 70 Share of A = 3360 × = `960
21
A’s share = 8 × 70 + 25 = `585
C’s share = 20 × 70 + 52 = `1,452 7
Required difference = 1,452 – 585 = `867. Share of B = 3360 × = `1,120
21
20. a A : B : C = 800 × 4 : 1200 × 8 : 1400 × 10
8
= 3200 : 9600 : 14000 = 32 : 96 : 140 Share of C = 3360 × = `1,280.
= 8 : 24 : 35 21
8
∴ A’s share = × 1340 = `160.
67

27. d Let C’s capital be be `x. Then,
1 1
3
∴ Ratio of duration is x : y : z = 1: : i.e 8 : 4 :1.
2 8
B’s capital = ` x
4
34. e Seeta : Geeta = (4200 × 36) : (5400 × 30)
3
A’s capital = 4 × x = `3x = 14 : 15
4
14
∴ Seeta’s share = × 3190 = `1,540.
3
∴ Ratio of their capitals = 3x : x : x = 12 : 3 : 4 (14 + 15 )
4
12
∴A’s share = × 7,220 = `4,560. 11 11
19 35. b Number of boys = × 360 = × 360
(11 + 9 ) 20
x 1 = 198.
28. a x:y=1:2 ⇒ =
y 2 9 9
Number of girls = × 360 = × 360
(11 + 9 ) 20
 x 
y 4 + 3 4 × 1 + 3 = 162.
4x +3y  y  = 2
∴ =
7x − 3y  x  1
y 7 −3 7 × − 3 36. d Let fourth proportional be x. Then,
 y  2 7 : 9 = 14: x
14 × 9
5×2 10 ∴x= = 18.
= = i.e. 10 : 1. 7
7−6 1
37. b Let 2A = 3B = 6C = 6. Then,
ratio of shares A, B and C is 3 : 2 : 1
2 6 3 3
29. a Compound ratio = × × = = 3 : 7. ∴ The difference between A’s share and C’s share
3 7 4 7
3 1
= 600 × − 600 × = 300 – 100 = `200.
30. b Let 7x and 4x be the numbers. Then, 6 6
7x – 4x = 81
⇒ 3x = 81 ⇒ x = 27
38. c Wealth of saif is `30 crores. Then,
∴ Numbers are 189 and 108.
1
Amrita gets 30 × = `10 crores,
x z p 3
31. b = = = 1.25
y w q
1
Kareena gets 20 × = `5 crores,
4
2x + 3z + 4p  x z p ax + bz + cp 
⇒ = 1.25. Q = = = 
2y + 3w + 4q  y w q ay + bw + cq  1
Parikrma gets 15 × = `3 crores,
5
32. a Let Kaushal invested for x months.
12
Then, 3000 × 8 : 4000 × x = 2 : 1 Sara gets = `6 crores and Ibrahim gets `6 crores.
2
3000 × 8 2
⇒ = ∴ Difference between the wealth of Amrita and Sara
4000 × x 1
= 10 – 6 = `4 crores.
⇒ x = 3 months.
Amount in rupees
33. c Product of amount and duration will give the ratio in 39. c Number of coins =
Value of coins in rupees
which the profit is divided. Let the value of one rupee, fifty paise and twenty five
5x : 6y : 8z = 5 : 3 : 1 paise coins be 2x, 5x and 7x respectively.
1 1 2x
⇒ x = 1, y = and z = ∴ Number of 1 rupee coin =
2 8 1

5x Then, x + 3x + 9x + 27x = 4,00,000 ⇒ x = 10,000
Number of 50 paise coin = = 10x Hence, C’s share = 9x = `90,000.
1
2 46. d Let x be subtracted. Then,
7x 17 − x 1
Number of 25 paise coin = 1 = 28x =
24 − x 2
4 ⇒ 34 – 2x = 24 – x
∴ 2x + 10x + 28x = 400 ⇒ –2x + x = 24 – 34 ⇒ x = 10
⇒ x = 10
∴ 10 is subtracted from each term to get ratio 1 : 2.
∴ Value of one rupee coin = 2 × 10 = `20
Value of 50 paise coin = 5 × 10 = `50
Value of 25 paise coin = 7 × 10 = `70 47. e Let income of A and B be 9x and 7x,
Value of total amount = `140. and expenditure of A and B be 4y and 3y.
Then, 9x – 4y = 200
and 7x – 3y = 200
42 16 ⇒ x = 200 and y = 400
40. a Third proportion of 3 and 4 = =
3 3 Hence, sum of incomes = 9x + 7x = 16x = `3,200.
8 × 10 40
Fourth proportion of 6, 8 and 10 = = 48. c Let the number be 3x, 4x and 5x
6 3
16 40 Then, 3x + 5x = 4x + 52
Required ratio = : = 2 : 5. ⇒ 4x = 52 ⇒ x = 13
3 3
∴ The smallest number = 3 × 13 = 39.
41. a Ratio of respective number of coins = 5 : 6 : 4
5 x
× 465 = 155 49. b Let the present ratio of their ages be .
Number of `1 coins = y
15
6 Before 10 years
Number of 50 paise coins = × 465 = 186
15 x − 10 1
4 y − 10 = 3
Number of 25 paise coins = × 465 = 124.
15 ⇒ 3x – y = 20 ...(i)
After 5 years
42. c Let amount invested by B be `x, then x+5 2
12 × 7000 2 y+5 = 3
=
7× x 3 ⇒ 3x + 15 = 2y + 10
⇒ 12000 × 3 = 2x ⇒ 3x – 2y = –5 ...(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii), we get
12000 × 3 x = 15 and y = 25
⇒ x= = `18,000.
2 15
Hence, required ratio = = 3 : 5.
25
43. d Let weight of a piece of diamond be 6y.
Let original price of one piece be `x
So, x(6y)2 = 5184 50. d Let the income of A, B and C be 7x, 9x and 12x and
New price = x(y2 + 4y2 + 9y2) spending of A, B and C be 8y, 9y and 15y
14 × 5184 1
Then, 7x – 8y = × 7x
⇒ 14xy2 = = `2,016 4
36
Loss = 5184 – 2016 = `3,168. 7
⇒ 7x – x = 8y
4
44. d Let total capital be 12x and total time be 12t.
Then, ratio of investment = 4xt : 9xt : 84xt ⇒ 21x = 32y
= 4 : 9 : 84 x Total salary 32
9 y = Spending = 21
Hence, part of B = × 19400 = `1,800.
97 Ratio of savings of A, B and C
= (7x – 8y) : (9x – 9y) : (2x – 5y)
45. c Let D’s share be 27x. = (7 × 32 – 8 × 21) : (9 × 32 – 9 × 21) : (12 × 32 – 15 × 21)
Then, C’s share = 9x, B’s share = 3x and A’s share = 56 : 99 : 69.
=x

Average
1 b 2 a 3 b 4 d 5 c 6 d 7 b 8 a 9 b 10 c
11 c 12 c 13 b 14 c 15 c 16 d 17 c 18 b 19 c 20 b
21 d 22 c 23 b 24 c 25 d 26 b 27 e 28 e 29 c 30 c
31 b 32 a 33 c 34 a 35 c 36 b 37 a 38 c 39 d 40 a
41 c 42 b 43 d 44 b 45 d 46 b 47 d 48 a 49 c 50 b
6. d Let x be the next test score. Then,

70 + 63 + 72 + 81 + 74 360
1. b Average = = = 72 marks. 78 + 92 + 83 + 99 + x
5 5 The average = = 90
5
2. a There are four prime numbers between 20 and 40. 352 + x
⇒ = 90
23 + 29 + 31 + 37 120 5
Required average = = = 30.
4 4 ⇒ x = 98.
7. b Total weight of students = 25 × 38 + 32 × 35 = 2070 kg
3. b Let x be the first number, then 2x and 4x will be second
2070
and third respectively. Average weight of the whole class = = 36.3 kg.
57
x + 2x + 4x
Average = =7 8. a A + B + C = 40 × 3 = 120 kg
3
Weight of A and B = 35 × 2 = 70 kg
⇒ 7x = 21 Weight of B and C = 36 × 2 = 72 kg
⇒x=3 ∴ Weight of B = (A + B) + (B + C) – (A + B + C)
= 70 + 72 – 120 = 22 kg.
Smallest number is 3.
9. b As 69 is misread as 96, we have taken extra 27 value
in account which is supposed to be taken away from
15 + x + 17 + 19 the total of 20. So, the new average will be
4. d Average = = 18
4
27
63 − = 63 − 1.35 = 61.65.
51 + x 20
⇒ = 18
4
10. c Sum of ages of 9 students = 25 × 15 – 16 × 13
⇒ x = 72 – 51 = 167 years
⇒ x = 21.
167
Required average = = 18.5 years.
9
5. c Let x kg be the weight of new person. Then,
10 × 50 + x 11. c Mean of 50 numbers = 30

= 51
11 Sum of 50 numbers = 30 × 50 = 1500
Wrongly entered numbers are 82 and 13
⇒ 500 + x = 561 ∴ 1500 – (82 + 13) = 1500 – 95 = 1405
⇒ x = 561 – 500 Correctly entered numbers = 1405 + (28 + 31)
⇒ x = 61 kg. = 1405 + 59 = 1464
1464
Required mean = = 29.28.
50

12. c Let the four numbers be a, b, c and d.
2196
a+b+c +d ∴ New average = = 122.
∴ = 60 18
4
b+c+d n(n + 1)
⇒ a + b + c + d = 240 and a = 19. c 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n =
4 2
240 − a 5a 4 n +1
⇒a= ⇒ = 60 ⇒ a = 60 × = 48. ∴ Average of these numbers =
4 4 5 2
100 + 1
13. b Total = 13 × 25 = 325 ∴ Required average = = 50.5.
According to the question, 2
Total = 320 – 48 + 73 = 350
20. b Total age of father and mother = 2 × 35 = 70 years
350
Average of 25 numbers = = 14. Total age of father, mother and son = 27 × 3 = 81 years
25 ∴ Son’s age = 81 – 70 = 11 years.
14. c Let the average age of team be x years. 21. d Sum of 30 numbers = 30 × 12 = 360
Total age = 11x Sum of first 20 numbers = 20 × 11 = 220
Sum of next 9 number = 9 × 10 = 90
 1 ∴ Last number = 360 – (220 + 90) = 50.
11 x +  − (112 − 18 − 20)
Required average =  6
2 22. c Total age of 4 members = 4 × 36 = 144 years
= 19 years 11 months. Total age of 3 members before 12 years
= 144 – 4 × 12 = 96 years
15. c Let number of student in section A and B be a and b 96
respectively. ∴ Required average age = = 32 years.
3
77.5a + 70b
∴ = 74
a+b 23. b Let the 6th number be x.
⇒ 77.5a + 70b = 74a + 74b 64
∴ 8 × 20 = 31 + ×3 + x + x + 4 + x + 7
a 4 8 3
⇒ = = i.e., 8 : 7.
b 3.5 7 ⇒ 160 = 31 + 64 + x + x + 4 + x + 7 = 3x + 106
160 − 106
16. d Total weight of 20 boys = 89.4 × 20 = 1788 kg ⇒x= = 18
3
Now, 1788 – 78 + 87 = 1797 kg
∴ 8th number = 18 + 7 = 25.
1797
The correct average weight = = 89.85 kg.
20 24. c Let the number of wicket taken before last match by
the cricketer be x. Then,
17. c Let consecutives odd number be x, x + 2, x + 4. 12.4x + 26 = 12.2 (x + 5)
⇒ 0.2x = 61 – 26
x+x+2+x+4 x
= 12 + 35
3 3 ⇒x= = 175.
0.2
3x + 6 36 + x
⇒ =
3 3 25. d Fifth number = 5 × 46 – 4 × 45 = 230 – 180 = 50.
⇒ 3x + 6 = 36 + x
⇒ 2x = 30 26. b The average weight of the class is
⇒ x = 15 12 × 50 + 24 × 40 50 + 2 × 40
∴ Largest number = x + 4 = 15 + 4 = 19. = = 43.33 kg.
36 3
18. b Average of 18 observation = 124
∴ Sum of 18 observation = 124 × 18 = 2232 27. e The rain fall from Monday to Saturday = 5 × 6
Difference between wrong entry = 30 inches.
= (46 + 82) – (64 + 28) = 36 The rain fall for the whole week = 7 × 8 = 56 inches
∴ New sum of 18 observation after correction ∴ The rain fall on Sunday = 56 – 30 = 26 inches.
= 2232 – 36 = 2196

28. e Let x cm be the height of the person. Then, 33. c Average age of the boys
5 × 162 − x
= 161 20 × 12 + 5 × 7 (240 + 35)
4 = =
(20 + 5) 25
⇒ 810 – x = 644
⇒ x = 810 – 644 275
= = 11 years.
⇒ x = 166 cm. 25
29. c Total age of Ram’s family = 40 × 4 = 160 years 34. a Let the first number be x. Then,
Three years later, the total age of Ram’s family the second and third number will be
= 160 + 3 × 4 = 172 years.
x x
But now Ram dies at the age of 53 years while a new and respectively.
2 3
member is born. Hence, overall the total member
remains same but the total age of family decreases by x x
53 years x+ +
∴ 2 3 = 49.5
172 − 53 119 3
New average of the family = =
4 4 6x + 3x + 2x
⇒ = 49.5 × 3
= 29.75 years. 6
30. c Average of ‘n’ numbers = x 11
∴ Sum of ‘n’ numbers = n × x = nx ⇒ x = 49.5 × 3
6
nx − 36 − 36 49.5 × 3 × 6
∴ =x–8 ⇒x= = 81
n 11
Therefore, first number is 81 and third number is 27
72
⇒x− =x–8 Difference between first and third number
n = 81 – 27 = 54.
72
⇒ =8 35. c Let the ages of 3 girls be 7x, 5x and 3x years
n respectively.
∴ 7x + 5x + 3x = 3 × 20 = 60
72
⇒n= = 9. 60
8 ⇒x= =4
15
31. b Let present ages of A, B and C be x years, y years ∴ Age of the youngest girl = 3x = 3 × 4 = 12 years.
and z years respectively.
∴ (x – 4) + (y – 4) + (z – 4) = 3 × 25 = 75 36. b Let the age of teacher be x years.
⇒ x + y + z = 75 + 12 = 87 ...(i) Then, 27 × 17.5 + x = 28 × 18.5
Again, (y – 5) + (z – 5) = 2 × 20 = 40 ⇒ x = 518 – 472.5
⇒ y + z = 40 + 10 = 50 ...(ii) ⇒ x = 45.5 years.
∴ Present age of A = (x + y + z) – (y + z)
= 87 – 50 = 37 years. 37. a Let the earlier average be x runs per match.
Then, 25x + 98 = 26(x + 2)
32. a Let the distance of complete journey be x km. ⇒ x = 46.
Total distance
∴ Average speed = 38. c Let average marks of the girls be x%. Then,
Total time
4
2x Number of boys = × 70 = 40
= 7
 x x 
 + 
 20 12  3
Number of girls = × 70 = 30
7
2 × 20 × 12
=
(12 + 20) 40 × 86 + 30 × x
As, = 80 ⇒ x = 72.
70
40 × 12
= = 15 km / hr.
32

44. b Sum of A, B, C and D = 79 × 4 = 316
5 × 45 + 7 × 42
39. d Average price of mixture (` per kg) = Sum of B, C, D and E = 63 × 4 = 252
12
So, A – E = 316 – 252 = 64
As E = 23, then A = 64 + 23 = 87.
519
= = 43.25.
12
45. d Average of numbers will also be increased by same
proportion.
40. a Let the average monthly salary of remaining employees ∴ New average = 31 × 3 + 5 = 98.
be `x. Then,
12 × 75,000 + 78 × x 46. b Sum of first ‘n’ odd natural numbers = n2
= 32,000 Hence, average of first ‘n’ odd natural numbers = n
90
Hence, answer is 13.
⇒ x ≈ 25,400.
47. d Let the fifth number be x. Then
41. c Let the sales in the 6th month be `x. Then, 4 × 17 + x + 4 × 20 = 9 × 18
54,000 + 62,000 + 55,000 + 40,000 + 72,000 + x ⇒ x = 14.
= 6 × 60,000
⇒ x = ` 77,000. 48. a Two years ago, the average age of the family = 43
years
42. b Let first number be x. Sum of ages of all members at present
Then, 7th number will be x + 6, and 14th number will = (43 + 2) × 5 + 2 = 227 years
be x + 13. Average of ages of the family members
Average of first seven numbers 227 5
= = 37 years.
x + x + 1+ x + 2 + x + 3 + x + 4 + x + 5 + x + 6 6 6
= K=
7
49. c Average weight of the group
7x + 21
⇒K = = x+3 72 × 18 – 81 + 63 72 × 18 + 63
7 = = = 71 kg.
18 18
Average of next seven numbers
x + 7 + x + 8 + x + 9 + x + 10 + x + 11 + x + 12 + x + 13 50. b Average speed of the train
=
7
63 × 5 + 58 × 3 + 72 × 2 633
= = = 63.3 km / hr.
7x + 70 10 10
= = x + 10 = K + 7.
7
43. d Total time taken in Journey

250 350 200
= + + = 15hr
75 70 30
∴ The average speed
250 + 350 + 220
= = 53.33 km / hr.
15

Mixtures and Alligations

1 c 2 b 3 b 4 c 5 b 6 a 7 c 8 c 9 d 10 a
11 b 12 b 13 a 14 c 15 b 16 d 17 b 18 d 19 c 20 a
21 b 22 a 23 c 24 b 25 c 26 a 27 d 28 b 29 c 30 a
31 d 32 a 33 a 34 d 35 c 36 c 37 c 38 b 39 b 40 e
41 d 42 a 43 b 44 d 45 c 46 b 47 d 48 e 49 c 50 c
1. c 40 80 23 − x 2
∴ = ⇒ 69 − 3x = 2x − 36
x − 18 3
105
60 ⇒x= = 21.
5
5. b Let cost price of the mixture be `x per kg

20 20 Then,
Ratio of varities of oranges = 1 : 1 12
9
1
⇒ × 21 = 10.5 kg each of them.
2 x
4
2. b Initial quantity of milk in solution = × 35 = 28litres 12 – x x–9
5
and, initial quantity of water in solution = 35 – 28 12 − x 20
⇒ = ⇒ x = 10
= 7 litres x − 9 10
Hence, required ratio = 28 : (7 + 7) = 2 : 1.
120
Selling price of mixture = 10 × = `12 per kg.
100
3
3. b Milk in first mixture M1 = × 400 = 240 ml
5 5
6. a Quantity of Spirit = × 70 = 50 litres
Water in first mixture W1 = 400 – 240 = 160 ml 7
4 2
Milk in second mixture M2 = × 1000 = 800 ml Quantity of Alcohol = × 70 = 20 litres
5 7
Hence, 30 litres alcohol has to be mix to make quantity
Water in second mixture W2 = 1000 – 800 = 200 ml of both equal.
Hence, total milk = 240 + 800 = 1040 ml and 7. c Remaining mixture = 80 – 16 = 64 litres
Total water = 160 + 200 = 360 ml
Hence, milk : water = 1040 : 360 = 26 : 9. 5
In 64L mixture, milk = 64 × = 40 litres
8
4. c Let the price of mixed variety be `x per kg. and water = 64 – 40 = 24 litres
18 23 40 + 16 56
∴ Required ratio = = i.e. 7 : 3.
24 24
x
23 – x x – 18

8. c 20 0 11 9
9.5
16
0.5 1.5
16 4 ∴ Ratio of quantity of 1st and 2nd type = 1 : 3
Let x be the sugar of 1st type be mixed with 21 kg of
Milk : water = 16 : 4 = 4 : 1 2nd type.
∴ Quantity of milk in the mixture = 4 × 10 = 40 litres. ∴ 1 : 3 = x : 21
21
9. d Percentage of water in the original mixture ⇒x = = 7 kg.
3
1 3
= × 100 = 25%
4 12. b If there is 1 unit of wine, wine part = unit and
4
Percentage of water in the resulting mixture 1
water part = unit.
2 4
= × 100 = 40% Let x be the amount of solution withdrawn. Then,
5
3 3 1 1 3 1 3x 1
– ×= – x + x⇒ – = – x+x
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
2 5% 1 00 %
1 1 1 3 1
⇒ = x+ x⇒ = x ⇒ x = .
2 2 2 2 3
1
4 0% Hence, rd part must be replaced.
3
Alternative method:
60 15 3
Wine is th part of solution.
4 : 1 4
3 1
Therefore, the ratio in which the mixture and water 4
are to be added is 4 : 1.
1
Then quantity of water to be added
2
600 × 1
= = 150 litres. 1 1
4 2 4
Ratio of wine solution and replaced water
= 2 : 1.
10. a M ilk W a te r
6 0% 4 0% 1
Hence, rd part of solution must be replaced with
3
water.
5 0%
2400
13. a Mean value of money per student = = 50p
48
1 0% B oys G irls
1 0%
60 p 40 p
Ratio of milk to water = 10 : 10 = 1 : 1
90 × 1
∴ Quantity of milk = = 45 litres.
2 50 p
11. b SP of 1 kg of mixture = `10.45, gain = 10%

100 10 10
∴ CP of 1 kg of mixture = × 10.45 = `9.50 ∴ Boys : Girls = 10 : 10 = 1: 1
110
1
Number of boys = × 48 = 24,
2
and number of girls = 24.

14. c Using alligation with liquid - B ⇒ Ratio = 4 : 1
5 Hence, water should be added to the mixture.
1
12 240
= = 60cc.
9 4
16
18. d Let quantity of acid be x litres
7 7
: ∴ Quantity of water = 3x litres
16 48
x+5 1
∴ =
⇒ 3 :1 3x 2
Hence, total quantity of mixture = 4 × 9 = 36 litres ⇒ 2x + 10 = 3x
7 ⇒ x = 10
Hence, quantity of liquid A = × 36 = 21 litres.
12 ∴ Quantity of new mixture = x + 3x + 5
= 10 + 3 × 10 + 5 = 45 litres.
15. b Initially quantities of copper, zinc and nickle in 100 kg
alloy is 50 kg, 30 kg and 20 kg respectively. 19. c By observation, we see that relative percentage of
Let x kg nickel be added. milk is minimum in third container.
30 3 20. a Let the required ratio be 1 : x.

Then, = ⇒ x = 10kg.
20 + x 3 ∴ Cost price of the mixture = `(192 × 1 + 150 × x)
Hence, 10 kg nickle must be added. and Selling price of the mixture = `194.40 × (1 + x)
120
16. d Let capacity of each vessel be x litres. ∴ 194.40 (1 + x) = (192 + 150x) ×
100
3 ⇒ 19440 (1 + x) = (192 + 150x) × 120
Then, amount of water and milk in vessel one = x
7 ⇒ 19440 + 19440x = 23040 + 18000x
4 ⇒ 19440x – 18000x = 23040 – 19440
and x
7 ⇒ 1440x = 3600
5
Amount of water and milk in vessel two = x 3600 5
8 ⇒x= =
1440 2
3
and x. ∴ Required ratio = 2 : 5.
8 Alternative method:
3 5 24 + 35 100
Total amount of water = x+ x = x Cost price of mixture = × 194.4 = `162.
7 8 56 120
59 Using Alligation:
= x.
56 19 2 15 0
Similarly,
4 3 32 + 21 53
total amount of milk = x+ x = x = x. 16 2
7 8 56 56
59
x 59 12 30
56 =
∴ Ratio of water and milk = i.e. 59 : 53.
53 53 ⇒ 2 : 5.
x
56
21. b Let each of the two alloys was mixed with equal
quantity of 1 kg.
17. b 1 1 There is no lead in the first alloy.
4 3 1
∴ Quantity of lead in second alloy = = kg
2 5+4+3 4
5 1
3 3 4 1
: ∴ Quantity of lead in final mixture = = kg.
5 20 2 8

22. a Let the amount of water to be added be x litres. 25. c Let quantity of second variety of rice be x kg.
Quantity of water in 1st mixture ∴ CP of the mixture = 10 × 10 + 15 × x
2 = `(100 + 15x)
= × 729 = 162 litres SP of the mixture = (10 + x) ×14 = `(140 + 14x)
7+2
and quantity of milk in 1st mixture (100 + 5 )
7 Then, 140 + 14x = (100 + 15x) ×
= × 729 = 567 litres 100
7+2
21
162 + x 3 ⇒ 140 + 14x = (100 + 15x) ×
∴ = 20
567 7 ⇒ 2800 + 280x = 2100 + 315x
⇒ 1134 + 7x = 1701 ⇒ (315 – 280)x = 2800 – 2100
⇒ 7x = 1701 – 1134 700
567 ⇒x= = 20 kg.
⇒x= = 81 litres. 35
7
Alternative method:
Alternative method: 100 40
Cost price of final mixture = × 14 = `
Using Alligation: 105 3
2 Using Alligation:
1
9 10 15
3 40
10 3
7 7 5 10
:
10 90 3 3
⇒ 9 : 1. ⇒ 1 : 2.
Hence, quantity of second variety = 20 kg.
1
Hence, water to be added = 729 × = 81 litres.
9 26. a Amount of sugar in solution = 20% of 100 litres
= 20 litres
23. c Let the water to be added be x litres As after evaporation, sugar will remain constant
7 Hence, water present in solution after evaporation
Then, quantity of milk in 1st mixture = × 40 = 35 litres
8 100
and quantity of water in 1st mixture = × 20 − 20 = 5 litres
80
1
= × 40 = 5 litres Hence, evaporated water = 80 – 5 = 75 litres.
8
35 3 27. d Let 24 units of each type be taken. Then,
∴ =
5+x 1 1
⇒ 15 + 3x = 35 Milk content in 1st type = × 24 = 4 unit
6
20 2 Water content in 1st type = 24 – 4 = 20 unit
⇒x= = 6 litres.
3 3
3
Milk content in IInd type = × 24 = 9 unit
24. b Let the ratio be 1 : x 8
Then, 30 × 1 + 50x = (1 + x)45 = 45 + 45x Water content in IInd type = 24 – 9 = 15 unit
⇒ x=3 Hence, required ratio = (15 + 20) : (4 + 9) = 35 : 13.
∴ Required ratio = 1 : 3.
5
Alternative method: 28. b In 66L adulterated milk, milk = 66 × = 55 litres
30 %
6
50 %
and water = 66 – 55 = 11litres
Let ‘x’ be the quantity of water be added.
45 % 55 5
∴ =
11 + x 3
5 15 ⇒ 55 + 5x = 165
⇒ 1: 3. ⇒ 5x = 165 – 55 = 110
⇒ x = 22 litres.

1 8
29. c Juice content in 1st type = × 3 = 1 litres Iron content in first type alloy = × 104 = 64 unit.
3 13
Water content in 1st type = 3 – 1 = 2 litres Copper content in second type alloy
5 5
Juice content in IInd type = × 2 = litres =
5
× 104 = 65 unit.
8 4
8
5 3
Water content in IInd type = 2 − = litres 3
4 4 Iron content in second type alloy = × 104 = 39 unit.
8
Hence, juice percentage in mixture
Required ratio = (40 + 65) : (64 + 39) = 105 : 103.
5
1+
= 4 × 100 = 9 × 100 = 45%. 34. d Let amount of water added to the mixture be x litres.
3+2 20 Amount of milk in the original mixture
(100 − 10)
30. a Initially, = × 100 = 90 litres
100
Alcohol = 50 litre, water = 150 litre
50 90 50 1
Alcohol taken out = = 12.5 litre Then, = =
4 (100 + x) 100 2
New alcohol content = 50 – 12.5 + 50 = 87.5 litre ⇒ 180 = 100 + x
87.5 ⇒ x = 180 – 100 = 80 litres.
Final alcohol percentage = × 100 = 43.75% .
200 35. c Let 15 unit of each type be mixed together.
31. d As each mixture is of equal quantity. The ratio of milk Total milk content in final mixture
and water in the mixtures will be 24 : 4, 20 : 8 and
1 2 3 7
21 : 7. = × 15 + × 15 + × 15 + × 15
3 5 5 15
In the final mixture,
= 5 + 6 + 9 + 7 = 27 unit
24 + 20 + 21 Total water content in final mixture
Required ratio = = 65 : 19.
4+8+7 = 4 × 15 – 27 = 33 unit
Hence, required ratio = 9 : 11.
n
 y 36. c Quantity of chemical A in 21kg fertilizer
32. a Use the formula x1 –  , where x is the original
 x 2
= × 21 = 6 kg
quantity, y is the quantity taken out n times. (2 + 5)
∴ Milk left after three operations Quantity of chemical B in 21 kg fertilizer
3
 8  5
= 80  1 – = 58.32 litres. = × 21 = 15 kg
 80  (2 + 5)
After adding 3 kg, chemical A in the fertilizer,
Alternative method:
6+3 9
Required ratio = = = 3 : 5.
1 15 15
8 litres as compared to 80 litres is of the total
10
volume. 37. c Final concentration of alcohol in container
1 9  20  10 
So, if is removed the fraction leftover is . = 60 × 1 − 1 − %
10 10  100  100 
Hence, the final milk quantity is
80 90
= 60 × × % = 43.2%.
3 100 100
=   × 80 = 58.32 litrres.
9
 10 
38. b Let price of third quality rice be `x per kg.
120 × 2 + 132 × 1 + 3 × x
33. a Let 104 unit of each type be melted together. Then, = 135
2 + 1+ 3
5
Copper content in first type alloy = × 104 = 40 unit. ⇒ x = 146.
13

39. b Let selling price of 1 liter milk be `1. 43. b Let average marks of boys were x%.
Then, cost price of pure milk in 1 liter adulterated milk Using Alligation
100 5 8 4% x%
= ×1 = `
120 6
Using Alligation:
7 8%
1 0
78 – x 6
5
6 78 – x 7
⇒ =
5 1 6 9
6 6 ⇒ x = 73.33%.
Ratio of milk and water = 5 : 1
44. d Let 12 unit of both the alloys be mixed.
1 2
Hence, percentage of water = × 100 = 16 %. Then, tin in final alloy = 4 + 7 = 11 unit
6 3 aluminum in final alloy = 2 unit
Hence, required ratio = 11 : 2.
40. e 5 0% 2 0%
45. c Effective interest rate per annum
1350 × 100
3 0% r= = 7.5% per annum
6000 × 3
Using Alligation on rate percentage
10 20
9 5
Ratio of both type = 1 : 2.
2
Hence, quantity replaced = rd. 7.5
3
41. d Let quantity of milk initially be x litres. Then, after 2.5 1.5
3 operations Ratio of amount lent on 9% and 5% per annum
3
=5:3
 6 Hence, amount on 9% per annum
x ×  1 −  : x = 8 : 125
 x
5
= × 6000 = `3,750.
3 3 8
 6 2
⇒ 1 −  =  
 x  5 46. b Let mean price of mixture be `x per kg.
Then,
6 2
⇒ 1− =
x 5 15 12
⇒ x = 10 litres.
x
42. a 1 0% 2 5%
x – 12 15 – x
1 6% x − 12 12
⇒ =
15 − x 18
9 6 ⇒ x = 13.2
Ratio of quantities of rice sold at 10% profit and 25%
profit = 3 : 2 16.5 − 13.2
∴ Total percentage gain = × 100
13.2
3
Hence, quantity sold at 10% profit = × 50 = 30kg.
3.3
5 = × 100 = 25%.
13.2

47. d Let x litres of water was present initially.
70
Then, x + x + 12 = 72 49. c Average speed = = 14 km / hr
5
⇒ x = 30
After adding 8 litre milk, quantity of milk become 6 18
= 42 + 8 = 50 litres
Required ratio = 50 : 30 = 5 : 3.
14
48. e Let average monthly salary of executive be `x.
5 20 00 x 4 8
⇒ Ratio of time taken on foot and on bicycle = 1 : 2.
1 70 00 1
Hence, distance traveled on foot = × 5 × 6 = 10km.
3
1 70 00 – x 3 50 00
50. c 0 32
17000 − x 3
⇒ =
35,000 8
⇒ x = 3,875. 24
8 24
⇒1:3
Hence, ratio of water and milk must be 1 : 3.

Time, Speed and Distance : Relative Motion, Trains
1 b 2 a 3 b 4 c 5 d 6 b 7 c 8 a 9 c 10 b
11 c 12 c 13 d 14 c 15 a 16 b 17 c 18 d 19 a 20 a
21 c 22 c 23 b 24 c 25 b 26 a 27 b 28 b 29 b 30 a
31 c 32 b 33 c 34 d 35 a 36 c 37 b 38 c 39 c 40 d
41 c 42 d 43 a 44 d 45 d 46 a 47 c 48 a 49 c 50 d
1. b B covers some distance in 48 min. As the ratio of ⇒ L = 100 m

speed of A and B is 3 : 4, the time taken will be in the ∴ The length of the train is 100 m.
ratio 4 : 3. (Reverse of speed)
∴ Time taken by A to cover the same distance is =
dis tance 520
7. c Speed = = = 130 km / hr
4 time 4
48 × = 64 min.
3 Now this is increased by 20 km/hr. Hence, speed is
150 km/hr. At this speed time taken by the train to
3 900
2. a th of the trip is equal to 1200 km cover 900 km = = 6 hours.
5 150
1200 × 5
∴ Total distance = = 2000 km. 2 × 15 × 5 150 1
3 = = 7 kmph
8. a Average speed =
15 + 5 20 2
3. b Let the normal speed of the train be x and actual time Distance travelled in 2 hours 40 minutes i.e.,
taken be t.
2 8 15
Total distance = x t 2 hrs. = × = 20 km.
3 3 2
xt 1
= t+ ⇒ t = 1 hr. 20
2
x 2 Distance of the school from house = = 10 km.
3 2
4. c Let the distance between the starting point and turning 9. c Let the length of the train be x.
point be x. Then, x x + 250
Speed of the train is=
x x 7 8 24
+ = ⇒ x = 6 km.
4 3 2 ⇒ 3x = x + 250 ⇒ x = 125 m.
5. d Speed of train relative to man = (x + 8) kmph 5 5

10. b The speed of the man is 6 × = m/sec
5 18 3
= (x + 8) × m / sec.
18 Let the speed of the train be S.
150 5 180 85 18
∴ =9 Given S + = ⇒S= × = 102 km/hr.
5 3 6 3 5
(x + 8) ×
18
11. c Total distance covered = 10 + 12 = 22 km
⇒ x + 8 = 60 ⇒ x = 52 km / hr.
10 12
Total time taken =+ hr
6. b Let the length of the train be L. 12 10
22
L L + 100 Average speed = 10 12 = 10.8 km / hr.
Speed of the train is = = +
15 30 12 10
⇒ 2L = L + 100

12. c The guard can never catch the thief as the speed of 18. d Speed of train relative to man = 64 + 8 = 72 km/hr.
the thief is more than that of the guard.
5
Then, 72 × = 20 m / sec.
13. d Let the length of train be ‘x’ 18
... Total distance while covering platform = x + 240 Time taken by the train to cross the man
Total distance while passing man = x = time taken by it to cover 200 m at 20 m / sec
Since the speed of the train remains the same
200
= = 10 sec.
x + 240 x 20
= ⇒ 5x + (240 × 5) = 25 x
25 5
19. a Let the required distance be x km.
240 × 5
⇒x= = 60 m ; Speed = 60 = 12 m / sec Then,
20 5
x x
+ =5
For questions 14 and 15: 3 2
First train covers 20 km in one hour from 7 a.m. to 8 a.m.
2x + 3x
Therefore, distance between two trains at 8 a.m. is (110 – 20) ⇒ =5
= 90 km. 6
7 a.m . 2 0 km 8 a.m . M 9 0– x 8 a.m . ⇒ 5x = 6 × 5
x 3 0 km /h r R a m p u r
S h am p ur
2 0 km /h r 6×5
∴x = = 6 km
5
14. c Both trains are running in opposite direction and hence
relative speed is (20 + 30) = 50 km/hr. 20. a Samit runs 660 m in 88 sec.
90 88
Thus, they will meet after = 1.8 hrs after 8 a.m. ∴ Samit runs (660 – 60) m in × 600 sec
50 660
∴ Two trains will meet at 9:48 a.m. i.e. 80 sec.
But Sanjay runs 660 m in 81 sec
So, Samit wins by (81 – 80) sec, i.e. 1 sec.
x 90 − x
15. a =
20 30 21. c Let the length of the train be x metres.
⇒ x = 36 km When a train crosses a platform it covers a distance
Distance from Shampur = 20 + 36 = 56 km equal to the sum of lengths of train and platform. Also,
the speed of train is same.
16. b Let speed of the car be x km/hr. x + 162 x + 120
∴ =
300 18 15
Then, time taken to cover 300 km = .
x ⇒ 6x + 720 = 5x + 810
300 300 ⇒ 6x − 5x = 810 − 720

∴ – = 2 ⇒ x = 25 km/ hr
x x+5 ⇒ x = 90
∴ The length of the train = 90 m.
17. c Let A and B meet after t hour from 11. 30 a.m.
22. c Let the speed of train be x kmph and its length be y km.
1
Then, distance covered by A in (t + 2 ) hours When the train crosses a man, it covers its own length
2 According to the question.
= Distance covered by B in t hours
y
= 10
 5 (x − 3) ×
5
⇒ 4 t +  = 9 t ⇒ t = 2 hr
 2 18
∴ They will meet at 11.30 a.m. + 2hr = 1.30 p.m. ⇒ 18y = 10 × 5 ( x − 3 )

⇒ 18y = 50x − 150 … (i)

60 km/hr = 2 hr
y
= 11 Hence, total time taken = 2 + 3 + 2 = 7 hr.
5
and (x − 5) ×
18
28. b If one travels more than the other, then it is with the
⇒ 18y = 55 ( x − 5 ) higher speed since it travelled 180 km extra distance
i.e.180 = (95 – 80)t
⇒ 18y = 55x − 275 … (ii)
⇒ t = 12 hr
From (i) and (ii),
Since they are travelling towards each other,
55x – 275 = 50x – 150
Total distance = Distance travelled by train 1 + Distance
⇒ 55x – 50x = 275 – 150
travelled by train 2
⇒ 5x = 125 = 80 × 12 + 95 × 12
125 = 12(95 + 80) = 2100 km
⇒x= = 25
5
29. b Let the distance be x. Then,
∴ Speed of the train = 25 kmph.
x x 8
23. b Clearly, A beats B by 20 sec. – = ⇒ x = 26.6 km.
40 50 60
2000
Distance covered by B in 20 sec = × 20 = 100 m.
400
120
∴ A beats B by 100 m. 30. a Speed of the car =
8
= 15 mph
24. c If the speed of train be x kmph. 3 45

Then, its relative speed = (x + 3) kmph Changed speed = ×15 = mph
2 2
Length of the train
∴ Time = 450 × 2
Relative speed Time required to cover 450 miles = = 20 hr.
45
200
10 1000 240
⇒ = = 31. c Distance = 100 m
3600 ( x + 3 ) 1000 ( x + 3 ) Let speed of the bike be x.
∴ Net speed = (x – 3) km/hr
⇒ x + 3 = 86.4
⇒ x = 83.4 kmph 4
Time = hr
60
25. b Let two trains meet after t hours when the train from
Dis tan ce
town A leaves at 8 AM. = Time
∴ Distance covered in t hours at 70 kmph + Distance Speed
covered in (t - 2) hours at 110 kmph = 500 km
∴ 70t + 110 (t – 2) = 500 0.1 4 9 1
⇒ = ⇒ x= = 4 km/hr.
⇒ 70t + 110t – 220 = 500 x – 3 60 2 2
⇒ 180 t = 500 + 220 = 720
32. b Distance travelled by Sam in first 5 minutes
720
⇒t= = 4 hours = 20 × 5 = 100 m
180 Relative speed between Sam and Sandra
Hence, the trains will meet at 12 noon. = 25 – 20 = 5 m/min
26. a Total distance travelled = 20 × 3 + 25 × 2 = 60 + 50 100

= 20min
So, Sandra will reach Sam in
= 110 km 5
Total time taken = 3 + 2 = 5 hr. Speed of Sandra’s dog = 30 m/min
110 ... Distance travelled by the dog = 30 × 20 = 600 m.
∴ Average speed = = 22 km/hr.
5
27. b Distance travelled by bus at the rate of 60 km/hr

= 300 – 30 × 2 – 40 × 3 = 120 km
Time taken to cover 120 km at the speed of

33. c d=s×t 36. c Total distance travelled = ( 400 + 600 + 500 + 150)
where d = distance traveled = 1650 km.
s = speed
400 600 500 150
t = time taken Total time taken = + + +
According to given condition 80 30 250 50
= 5 + 20 + 2 + 3 = 30 hours
3 
d =  s × t '
4  1650
∴ Average speed = = 55 km / hr .
30
4 t 37. b Let trains’ speed be x and y m /sec.
⇒ t' = t=t+
3 3 Total distance covered = Sum of the length of two
trains = 120 + 180 = 300 m.
t
3 = 10 minutes When they run in same direction, relative speed
3 (x – y) is given by:-
⇒ t = 30 minutes. 300
x–y= = 20 ...(i)
15
Alternate: When they run in opposite directions relative speed
1 (x + y) is given by :-
S∝
T 300
x+y= = 60 ...(ii)
5
3
Hence if the speed is reduced to of usual speed Solving (i) and (ii), we get
4
⇒ x = 40 m/sec = 144 km/hr.
4 ⇒ y = 20 m/sec = 72 km / hr.
then time taken is increased by of usual time.
3
38. c Let the speed of the man when rowing upstream be x
4
∴ of usual time – usual time = 10 min. kmph, then his speed downstream = 3x kmph.
3
1
⇒ Usual time = 30 min. ∴ Rate in still water = (3x + x ) = 2x kmph
2
So, 2x = 22 ⇒ x = 11
34. d x x+2 0
A x B ∴ Rate upstream = 11 km/hr.
6 m /se c M ee tin g 8 m /se c Rate downstream = 33 km/hr.
Po in t
1
x x + 20 Hence, the rate of stream = (33 − 11) = 11km / hr.
= [ 3 Time is same] 2
6 8
⇒ 8x = 6x + 120 39. c Speed downstream = 7 + 2 = 9 kmph.

Speed upstream = 7 – 2 = 5 kmph.
⇒ 2x = 120 ⇒ x = 60 m Let the distance be x. Then,
∴ Distance between A and B = 60 + 60 + 20 = 140 m. x x 56
+ =
9 5 60
5 56 × 45
35. a Speed of train = 108 × = 30 m / sec . ⇒ 14x =
18 60
⇒ x = 3 km.
Distance covered in passing the platform = (90 + 120)
= 210 m.
40. d Clearly, Nikhil covers 20 m in 5 sec.
210
∴ Time taken = = 7 sec. 5
30 ∴ Nikhil’s time over the course = × 1000
20
= 250 sec
∴ Alok’s time over the course = ( 250 – 5) = 245 sec
= 4 min 5 sec

41. c Let the distance be x km. ⇒ 195 × x3 = 200 × 5
x ⇒ x3 = 5.13 m.
Time taken by A = hrs.
40
x 44. d B
Time taken by B = hrs
50
x x 15
Now. – = O A
40 50 60
Let O be the starting point. The car running at 36 kmph
5x − 4x 15
⇒ = is moving along OB and that at 48 kmph moving along
200 60
OA. Also let they reach at B and A respectively after
15 seconds.
15
⇒x= × 200 = 50 km
60 3
∴ OA = 48 × × 15 = 200m
Method 2: 18
Product of speed 5
= × Diff. in time and OB = 36 × × 15 = 150 m
Diff. of speed 18
∴ Required distance = AB
40 × 50 15
= × = 50 km.
50 − 40 60 = (200 )2 + (150 )2
42. d Suppose. time taken in walking be x hours = 40000 + 22500
and time taken in riding be y hours
= 62500 = 250 m.
∴ According to question,
1 45. d Let the length of train be x metres.
x+y=4 hours
2
x
Then, 2y = 3 hours Then, speed of train when it passes a post = m/sec.
8
1
⇒y=1 hours x + 264
2 & speed of train, when it passes the bridge =
20
1 1 Clearly,
∴x=4 – 1 = 3 hours
2 2
x x + 264 x x + 264
Hence, time required to walk both way = 6 hours. = ⇒ =
8 20 2 5
43. a When A covers 200 m, B covers 190 m and C covers 528

195 m. ⇒ 5x = 2x + 528 ⇒ 3x = 528 ⇒ x = = 176m
3
i.e. when C covers 195 m, B covers = 190 m, and
176 18
190 ∴ Speed of train = = 22m / sec = 22 × kmph
when C covers 200 m, B covers = × 200 8 5
195
= 79.2 kmph.
= 194.87 m
Hence, C would beat B by 200 – 194.87 = 5.13 m in a
200 m race.
Short cut:
In a race of L length, if Ist beats 3rd by x1 distance, Ist
beats 2nd by x 2 distance and 2nd beats 3rd by
x3 distance, then their relation is given by
(L – x2) x3 = L (x1 – x2).
Using this, we get
(200 – 5)x3 = 200(10 – 5)

46. a Let the length of train be x metres. 49. c Let x km be the required distance.
When the train crosses the standing man, its speed Difference in time = 2.5 + 5 = 7.5 minutes
x 7.5 1
= = hrs. = hrs.
9 60 8
When the train crosses the platform of length 84 m, its x x 1
Now, − =
8 10 8
x + 84
speed =
21 5x − 4x 1
⇒ =
40 8
x x + 84
Obviously, =
9 21 40
⇒x = = 5km.
8
⇒ 21x – 9x = 9 × 84
⇒ 12x = 9 × 84
50. d Let the distance be x km and initial speed be y kmph.
9 × 84 According to question,
⇒ x= = 63 m.
12 x x 40
− = … (i)
y y + 3 60
63
∴ Required speed = m / sec and
9
x x 40
63 18 − = … (ii)
= × kmph = 25.2 kmph. y − 2 y 60
9 5
From (i) and (ii),
x x x x
5 − − −
47. c Ratio of the rates of Raj and Ravi = :1= 5 : 3 y y+3 y−2 y
3
So, in a race of 5 m, Raj gains 2m over Ravi. 1 1 1 1
∴ 80 m are gained by Raj in a race of ⇒ − = −
y y+3 y−2 y
5 
 2 × 80  = 200 m. ⇒
y+3−y y−y+2
=
 
y ( y + 3 ) y ( y − 2)
∴ Winning post must be 200 m away from the
starting point. ⇒ 3 ( y − 2) = 2 ( y + 3 )
⇒ 3y − 6 = 2y + 6
48. a Distance covered by A = (500 – 170) = 330 m,
while A covers 2 m, B covers 3 m. ⇒ y = 12
From (i),
3 
While A covers 330 m, B covers  × 330  m x x 40 5x − 4x 2
2  − = ⇒ =
12 15 60 60 3
= 495 m
∴ When A reaches the winning post, B covers 495 m 2
and therefore is 5 m behind. ⇒x = × 60 = 40
3
∴ A wins by 5 m. Hence, distance = 40 km.

Time, Speed and Distance : Boats & Streams, Circular Motion
1 c 2 a 3 c 4 a 5 b 6 a 7 c 8 b 9 b 10 c
11 d 12 c 13 d 14 c 15 d 16 a 17 a 18 c 19 b 20 b
21 c 22 d 23 a 24 b 25 d 26 b 27 c 28 a 29 b 30 b
31 c 32 b 33 c 34 c 35 c 36 b 37 b 38 c 39 c 40 c
41 a 42 b 43 a 44 a 45 a 46 d 47 a 48 b 49 a 50 a
3
1. c Downstream speed = 21 = 21 × 4 = 4 km / hr. 8 3
1 21 5. b Upstream speed = 30 = kmph
5 4
4
60
3
6 6× 4 8
Upstream speed = = = km / hr. Downstream speed = 8 =
15
kmph
1 9 3 12
2 8
4 60
3 15
1 8 1 4 2 +
∴ Speed of current = 4 −  = × = km / hr. 21
2  3 2 3 3 ∴ Speed in still water = 4 8 = km / hr.
2 16
6. a Let x be the speed of the boat.

18
2. a Speed downstream = km/hr Upstream Down stream
4
Speeds x–2 x+2
18 Time (Mins ) 10 5
Speed upstream =
12
km/hr Time (Ratio ) 2 1
Speed of the current Speed (Ratio ) 1 2
x+2 2
1 ∴ =
= (Speed downstream – Speed upstream) x−2 1
2
⇒ 2x − 4 = x + 2 ⇒ x = 6 m / sec.
1  18 18 
 –  = 1.5 km / hr.
2  4 12 
= 7. c Speed downstream = 12 + 3 = 15 kmph.
Speed upstream = 12 – 3 = 9 kmph.
Let distance between P and Q be x km.
35
3. c Upstream speed = = 5 kmph. x
7 x x x
Then, 2
+ = 22 ⇒ + = 22
15 9 15 18
30
Downstream speed = = 6 kmph. ⇒ x = 180 km.
5
8. b Rate upstream = 4 kmph
5+6
Speed in still water = = 5.5 kmph. Rate downstream = 5 kmph
2
1
∴ Speed of boat in still water (4 + 5) = 4.5 kmph
4. a Let the speed of man in still water be V and the speed 2
of stream be S. 1
∴ Speed of current = (5 − 4) kmph = 0.5 kmph.
Therefore, x = V + S; y = V – S 2
∴ x + y = 2V ⇒ V = 0.5 (x + y).

9. b Rate downstream = 10 kmph 14. c Rate downstream = 5 kmph
Rate upstream = 5 kmph Rate upstream = 1 kmph
1 10 10
∴ Speed of current = (10 − 5) = 2.5 kmph. Hence, required time = + = 12 hours.
2 5 1
10. c Let the speed of boat in still water be x kmph and 15. d The distance covered upstream = AC = d
that of current be y kmph. Then AB = 100
12 18 BC = 100 + d
+ =3 ...(i) Rate upstream = (x – y) m/minute
x−y x+y
Rate downstream = (x – y) m/minute
36 24 13
+ = ...(ii) d
x−y x+y 2 ∴ =5
x−y
By (i) × 3 – (ii),
⇒ d = 5(x – y) ...(i)
54 24 13
− =9− Again,
x+y x+y 2
100 + d
30 5 =5
⇒ = ⇒ x + y = 12 ...(iii) x+y
x+y 2
100 + 5(x − y)
From (i), ⇒ = 5 (By (i))
x+y
12 18
+ =3 ⇒ 100 + 5x – 5y = 5x + 5y
x − y 12
⇒ 10y = 100
12 3 3
⇒ =3− = 10
x−y 2 2
⇒ y = 10 m/minute = × 60 kmph = 0.6 kmph.
1000
12 × 2
⇒x−y= =8 ...(iv)
3
16. a Speed in still water = x km/h
1 Speed of current = y km/h
∴ Speed of current = (12 − 8) = 2 kmph.
2
1
∴x + y = = 15
4
11. d Rate downstream
60
= 10 + 5 = 15 kmph
Rate upstream = 10 – 5 = 5 kmph 1
x−y= =6
Time taken in swimming 60 km downstream 10
60
60
= = 4 hours 1
15
∴ Speed of current = [(x + y) − (x − y)]
Time taken in swimming 60 upstream 2
60 1 9
= = 12 hours = (15 − 6) = = 4.5 km/h.
5 2 2
From, given options, boy can swim 60 km downsteam
in 4 hours. 17. a Let the speed of boat in still water be x kmph and
the rate of stream be y kmph.
12. c Rate upstream = 4 – 2 = 2 kmph ∴ Downstream rate = (x + y) kmph
and upstream rate = (x – y) kmph
10
Hence, required time = = 5 hours. Now,
2
20
= 1 ⇒ x + y = 20 ...(i)
13. d Speed of current x+y
1 20
=
2
(Rate downstream – Rate upstream) and = 2 ⇒ x – y = 10 ...(ii)
x−y
1 From (i) and (ii), we have
= (12 − 8) = 2 kmph.
2 x = 15 kmph.

2
18. c Let the speed of boat in still water be x km/hr and ⇒ 20x × 6 = (x – 25) × 5
speed of current be y km/hr. 2
⇒ x – 24x – 25 = 0
24 36 ⇒ x2 – 25x + x – 25 = 0
∴ x−y + x+y =6 … (i)
⇒ x(x – 25) + 1 (x – 25) = 0
36 24 13 ⇒ (x – 25) (x + 1) = 0
+ =
x−y x+y 2 ⇒ x = 25 beacuse x ≠ −1
Speed of motorboat in still water = 25 kmph
 3
Equation (i) × 2  − Equation (ii) 22. d Speed of boat in still water
 
1 1
30 5 = [Rate downstream + Rate upstream) = (15 + 9)
= ⇒ x + y = 12 2 2
x+y 2
1
= × 24 = 12 kmph.
24 2
From equation (i), =3⇒x−y=8
x−y
23. a Let the speed of sailor in still water be x kmph
and speed of current = y kmph
1
∴ speed of current = (12 – 8) = 2 km/hr. 12 12
2 ∴x + y = = × 60 = 15 kmph
48 48
60
40
19. b Speed upstream = = 5 kmph 12 12 × 60
8 and x − y = = = 9 kmph
80 80
36
Speed downstream = = 6 kmph 60
6 Adding these equations,
∴ Speed of boat in still water 2x = 15 + 9 = 24
1 ⇒ x = 12 kmph.
= (5 + 6) = 5.5 kmph.
2
24. b Let the speed of boat in still water be x kmph.
20. b Let the speed of boat in still water be x kmph. Then, 6 6
∴ + =2
12 12 x+4 x−4
+ =3
x+3 x−3  x−4+x+4 
⇒ 6 =2
 x−3+ x+3 
⇒ 12   (x + 4)(x − 4) 
=3
 (x + 3)(x − 3)  2
⇒ 6x = x – 16
2
⇒ 4 × 2x = x − 9
2 ⇒ x – 6x – 16 = 0
2
⇒ x – 8x + 2x – 16 = 0
⇒ x 2 − 8x − 9 = 0
⇒ x(x – 8) + 2(x – 8) = 0
⇒ x 2 − 9x − x − 9 = 0
⇒ (x + 2) (x – 8) = 0
⇒ x(x – 9) + 1(x – 9) = 0
⇒ x = 8 kmph and x ≠ –2 kmph.
⇒ (x – 9) (x + 1) = 0
⇒ x = 9 because x ≠ −1 25. d Let the speed of man in still water be x kmph.
∴ Speed cannot be negative. 15
∴ =1
Hence, speed of boat in still water = 9 kmph. x+5
⇒ x + 5 = 15 ⇒ x = 10 kmph
21. c Let the speed of motorboat in still water be x kmph. ∴ Time taken in swimming upstream
10 10 50 15
∴ + = = = 3 hours.
x − 5 x + 5 60 10 − 5
 x+5+ x−5  5
⇒ 10  =
 (x + 5)(x − 5)  6

Dis tance 32. b Let the speed of stream be x kmph.
26. b Time =
Rate downstream 9
∴ Rate upstream = −x
26 13 1 2
= = = 3 hours.
5+3 4 4 9
Rate downstream = +x
2
27. c Let speed in still water = x kmph and speed of
2 1
current = y kmph =
Then, 9 9
15 +x −x
∴x + y = = 5 kmph 2 2
3
9 9 9
15 ⇒ 9 − 2x = + x ⇒ 3x = 9 − =
and x − y = = 2 kmph 2 2 2
15
9 3
2 ⇒x= = = 1.5 kmph.
On adding, 2×3 2
7 33. c Let the distance be x km.

2x = 7 ⇒ x = = 3.5 kmph.
2 Speed upstream = 5 – 1 = 4 kmph
Speed downstream = 5 + 1 = 6 kmph
28. a Let the speed of the current be x kmph. x x
According to the question, time taken to go upstream ∴ + =1
6 4
is twice, so speed will be half
2x + 3x
6 ⇒ = 1 ⇒ 5x = 12
⇒ =3 12
2
12
6 ⇒x= = 2.4 km.
=3 5
∴
6−x
⇒ 18 − 3x = 6 ⇒ 3x = 18 − 6 34. c Let the speed of motor boat be 36x kmph and speed
of current = 5x kmph.
12
⇒x= = 4 kmph. The boat goes along with the current in 5 hours 10
3
31
minutes i.e. hours.
6
29. b Let the rate of swimming in still water be x kmph.
∴ Rate downstream = (x + 3) kmph 31 41x × 31
∴ Distance = × (36x + 5x) = km
∴ Rate upstream = (x – 3) kmph 6 6
According to the question, Rate upstream = 36x – 5x = 31x kmph
(x + 3)t = 2(x – 3) × t 31
41x ×
⇒ x + 3 = 2x – 6 ∴ Time taken = 6 = 41 hours
= x = 9 kmph. 31x 6
or 6 hours 50 minutes.
30. b Let the speed of stream be x kmph, then speed of
boat in still water = 4x kmph.
35. c Let the distance of the destination from the starting
∴ Rate downstream = 4x + x = 5x kmph point be x km.
Rate upstream = 4x – x = 3x kmph Rate downstream = (10 + 4) kmph = 14 kmph
30 30 10 6 Rate upstream = (10 – 4) kmph = 6 kmph
∴ + −8⇒ + =8 According to the question,
3x 5x x x
x x
16 16 + =5
⇒ =8⇒x= = 2 kmph. 14 6
x 8
3x + 7x
⇒ =5
31. c Let the speed of current be x kmph. 42
 15  15 ⇒ 10x = 42 × 5
∴ 2 − x = +x
 2  2
42 × 5
15 5 1 ⇒x= = 21 km.
⇒ 15 − 2x = + x ⇒ x = = 2 kmph. 10
2 2 2

36. b Let the speed of the stream be x kmph and 40. c Let the speed of boat in still water be x kmph and
let both the boats meet after t hours. that of current be y kmph. Then,
According to the question, x + y = 12
(12 + x) t + (15 – x) t = 108 x – y = 8
________
⇒ 12t + 15t = 108
⇒ 2x = 20
⇒ 27t = 108
⇒ x = 10 kmph
108
⇒t= = 4 hours. 24
27 Hence, required time = = 2.4 hours.
10
37. b Let the required distance be x km. 41. a Speed of current
x x 1
∴ − =3 = (Rate downstream – Rate updstream)
6−2 6+2 2
x x 2x − x 1
⇒ − =3 ⇒ =3 =
2
(12 – 6) = 3 kmph
4 8 8
⇒ x = 3 × 8 = 24 km. 1
[Rate downstream = × 60 = 12 kmph]
5
38. c Let the speed of the current be x kmph.
∴ Rate downstream = (x + 45) kmph. 13
According to the question, 42. b Speed upstream =
5
80 4 28
= 1 hour 20 minutes = hours
x + 45 3 Speed downstream =
5
⇒ 4x +180 = 240
1  28 13  1  15  3
⇒ 4x = 240 – 180 = 60 ∴ Speed of stream =  − =  =
2 5 5  2 5  2
60 = 1.5 km/hr.
⇒x= kmph = 15 kmph
4
Rate upstream = 45 – 15 = 30 kmph 43. a Upstream speed of boat
Ds tance 45 15
80 = = = = 7.5 kmph
∴ Required time = hours Time 6 2
30
∴ Speed of current = 10 – 7.5 = 2.5 kmph.
8
= = 2 hours 40 minutes. 44. a Speed of stream
3
1  36 40  1
= − = = 0.5 kmph.
39. c Let the required distance be x km. Then, 2  6 8  2
x x
+ =3 45. a Let speed of Sham and Ram be 5 m/sec and 3 m/sec.
5+3 5−3 To overtake Ram, Sham has to cover 1500 m extra.
x x 1500
⇒ + =3 Time taken by Sham to overtake Ram, T =
8 2 2
= 750 sec. So, distance covered by Sham, 750 × 5
x + 4x = 3,750 m.
⇒ =3
8 (2 × 1,500 + 750) i.e. 750 m away from starting point
(diametrically opposite point). Next time they will meet
⇒ 5x = 24 at starting point, so there are two points.
24
⇒x= = 4.8 km.
5

46. d Length of track = 700 m 49. a Length (L) = 1200 m.
5 5
P’s speed = 18 × = 5 m / sec Speed of X (x) = 18 × = 5 m / sec.
18 18
5
Q’s speed = 27 × = 7.5 m / sec 5
18 Speed of Y (y) = 27 × = 7.5 m / sec.
18
700 700
∴ Time = 5 + 7.5 = 12.5 = 56 sec. 5
Speed of Z (z) = 45 × = 12.5 m / sec.
18
They will meet for first time on starting point in the
47. a Sta rting p oint
2 0 m /se c L L L
B A 15 m /sec LCM of  x , y , and z  .
 
1 40 00 –x x
L 1200 L 1200
= = 240 sec , = = 160 sec
x 5 y 7.5
1 st m ee tin g po in t
L 1200
Let x be the distance covered by A. = = 96 sec
z 12.5
Dis tance
∴ Time = LCM of (240, 160 and 96) is 480 sec.
Speed
i.e. 8 minutes.
x 14000 − x
⇒ = 50. a Required time = LCM of 252. 308 an 198 seconds.
15 20
Now,
⇒ 35x = 14000 × 15 252 = 2 x 3 x 7
⇒ x = 6000 m = 6 km. 308 = 2 x 2 x 7 x 11
198 = 2 x 3 x 3 x 11
48. b Length = 900 m ∴ LCM = 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 x 7 x 11
= 36 × 77 seconds
5
A’s speed = 27 × = 7.5 m / sec.
18 36 × 77
= minutes
60
5
B’s speed = 36 × = 10 m / sec.
18 231
Time taken by A to complete one round = – 46 minutes 12 seconds.
5
900
= = 120 sec.
7.5
Time taken by B to complete one round
900
= = 90 sec
10
They will meet at starting point at LCM of (120, 90)
= 360 sec = 6 min.

Time and Work, Pipes and Cisterns
1 b 2 d 3 c 4 a 5 c 6 a 7 a 8 b 9 a 10 d
11 a 12 b 13 d 14 a 15 b 16 d 17 c 18 c 19 c 20 a
21 b 22 c 23 c 24 d 25 a 26 a 27 d 28 c 29 d 30 c
31 c 32 a 33 c 34 a 35 d 36 c 37 c 38 a 39 b 40 c
41 a 42 d 43 c 44 b 45 c 46 c 47 c 48 a 49 a 50 a
1. b A can copy 100 pages in 5 hr.

1 1 5
∴ A can copy 20 pages in 1 hr. (A + B)’s 1 day’s work = + =
18 27 54
100
Given 20 + B = .
4 54 4
∴ Both A and B will finish the work in = 10 days.
⇒ 20 + B = 25 ⇒ B = 5 pages per hour 5 5
∴ For 20 pages, B needs 4 hr
1
2 6. a (A + B)’s 1 day’s work =
2. d Smith’s 2 hr work = 15
x
2 x–2 1
Work left = 1– = A’s 1 day’s work =
x x 21
3. c Let the work done by a man and a boy in one hour be 1 1 2

‘m’ and ‘b’ respectively. B’s 1 day’s work = − =
15 21 105
∴ 5 m + 2 b = 4(m + b) = 4 m + 4 b
⇒ 1m=2b 105 1
= 52 days.
∴ B alone can finish the work in
Therefore, work done by man : work done by a boy 2 2
= 2 : 1.
1
4. a Work done by the waste pipe in 1 min. 7. a Ravi’s 1 day’s work = and
21
1  1 1 
= − +
15  18 36  1 2
Prem’s 1 day’s work = =
1 21
1 10
=− (minus sign means emptying) 2
60
∴ (Ravi + Prem)’s 1 day work
1 1 2 3 1
∴ Volume of part = 2 gallons = + = = th part of the work.
60 21 21 21 7
∴ Capacity of the tank = 2 × 60 = 120 gallons.
8. b Let initial number of men be x.
1 Number of days is 10, so number of man days is 10x.
5. c A’s 1 day’s work = , If there were 2 more men i.e. (x + 2), it can be completed
18
in 8 days.
1 So, 10x = (x + 2)8
B’s 1 day’s work = ⇒ x = 8.
27

1 1 1 1 1
9. a Part of the tank filled by A in 1 minute = + + = ...(iii)
10 a b c 10
Subtracting (i) from (iii), we get b = 40 days.
1
Part of the tank filled by B in 1 minute = Subtracting (ii) from (iii), we get c = 30 days.
15 Substituting the values of b and c in (iii), we get
Part of the tank filled by both the pipes in one minute a = 24.
∴ X, Y and Z complete the work in 24, 40 and 30 days
1 1 1
= + = respectively.
10 15 6
∴ The tank can be filled in 6 minutes. 1
15. b One man can complete th part of the work in one
5
10. d Work done by the 3 pipes together in 1 minute day.
1 1 1 5 1 7 1
= + − = − = Also, 1 woman can complete th part of the work in
18 27 36 54 36 108 12
one day.
108 3 Therefore, part of the work completed by a man and
So, the empty tank will be filled in = 15 minutes.
7 7
1 2 1 1 11
2 women = + = + =
11. a Time taken by A, B and C to complete a work 5 12 5 6 30
= 1x, 2x and 3x. Hence, the number of days required for completing the
3x = 12 ⇒ x = 4 30 8
Time taken by B to complete the work = 8 hr piece of work = =2 days .
11 11
1
∴ In 1 hr, B will complete th of the work.
8 1
16. d (A + B)’s 1 day’s work = ;
8
Alternate method:
1 1
According to the question, (A + B)’s 4 day’s work = ; Remaining work =
A = 2B and A = 3C 2 2
1 1 1
3 Work completed by A in 1 day = − =
Thus 2B = 3C ⇒ B = C 8 12 24
2
∴ A alone takes 24 days to complete the job.
1
Now work completed by C in 1 hr = 1
12 Since only of the work is left, A will complete the
2
3 1 1
∴ Work completed by B in 1 hr = × = th part. 1
2 12 8 remaining work in × 24 = 12 days.
2
12. b Let x hr be the required time to fill the tank. 1

17. c Amount of work completed by 10 men in 1 day is th.
 1 1  18
∴  –  x=1
 10 20  Therefore, amount of work completed by 10 men in 6
days
x
⇒ = 1 ⇒ x = 20
20 6 1
= =
∴ The tank can be filled in 20 hr. 18 3
13. d Let original labourers = x. 1 2

10 × x = (x – 5) × 12 ⇒ x = 30 Amount of work left = 1 − =
3 3
14. a Let X, Y and Z be the three persons and they complete Since 10 men require 12 days to complete the remaining
the work in a, b and c days respectively. 2
1 1 3 work, time required by 1 man is 12 × 10 = 120 days.
+ = 3
...(i)
a c b Therefore, time required for (10 + 5) = 15 men
1 1 2 120
+ = ...(ii)
a b c = = 8 days.
15

1
18. c Time required to fill the cistern =
1
=
1 22. c Rahul’s 1 day’s work =
5 3 16
2– Number of days Rahul worked = 4 + 4 = 8
4 4
1 1
4 1 ∴ Total work done by Rahul = 8 × =
= hr = 1 hr 16 2
3 3
1
The remaining of the work is done by Rohit in
19. c QA = 3 B 2
Let A takes x days to complete the work alone. 4 days.
∴ B takes (x + 60) days to complete the work alone. ∴ Complete work will be done by Rohit in
1 2
A’s one day’s work = 4× = 8 days.
x 1
1
B’s one day’s work =
x + 60 23. c Whole work completed by A = 12 × 6 = 72 days.
1 3
Whole work completed by B =  40 ×
∴ x = x + 60 100 
 = 100 days.
 40 
⇒ x + 60 = 3x ⇒ 2x = 60 ⇒ x = 30 days Whole work completed by C = 14 × 5 = 70 days.
A can complete the work in 30 days. ∴ C will complete the work first.
B can complete the work in 90 days.
1 1 4 2 1 1
In 1 day + = = work is completed. 24. d Work done by the leak in 1 hour = −
30 90 90 45 6 61
2
45
∴ The work will take days = 22.5 days.
2 1 2 1
=− =
6 13 78
1 ∴ The leak will empty the tank in 78 hours.
20. a (A + B + C)’s 1 hour’s work =
6
25. a Let B closed after x minutes. Then, part filled by
1 5 (A + B) in x min. + part filled by A in (9 – x) min. = 1.
Remaining part of tank = 1 − =
6 6  1 1 1
⇒ x +  + (9 − x ) × 12 = 1,
5  12 16 
Time taken by (A + B) to fill this of the tank = 8 hours.
7x (9 − x )
6
⇒ + = 1 ⇒ x = 4 min.
48 48 12
⇒ A and B together fill the tank is hours Hence, B must be closed after 4 min.
5
Now, we know A + B + C = 6 hours
48 1
A +B = hours 26. a A in 1 day can complete
8
th of work.
5
1 5 1 1
∴ C= − = B in 1 day can complete
16
th of work.
6 48 16
Hence, C alone can fill the tank in 16 hours. 1
C in 1 day can complete th of work.
24
21. b Ratio in number of days taken by Tejas:Aniket:Ketan
= 12 : 15 : 25 Let the work completed in x days.
Let us assume that Ketan can complete the work in 1 1 1
x days. Then, Then, x+ [ x – 1] + [ x – 2] = 1
8 16 24
30 12
= 6x + 3x – 3 + 2x – 4
x 25 ⇒ = 1 ⇒ 11x – 7 = 48
⇒ x = 62.5 days. 48
⇒ 11x = 55 ⇒ x = 5 days.

27. d Ratios of one day’s work of A, B, C and D 31. c (20 M + 30 W) × 5 = (6 M + 5 W) × 20
1 1 1 1 ⇒ 20 M + 30 W = 24 M + 20 W
= : : : = 15 : 24 : 40 : 20 2
32 20 12 24 ⇒1W= M
Total amount = `99 5
∴ 30 W = 12 M
15 Now, we have 20 M + 30 W takes 5 days
A’s share = × 99 = `15
99 or (20 + 12) men can complete the work in 5 days
32× 5
24 40 men will complete the work in = = 4 days.
B’s share = × 99 = ` 24 40
99
C’s share =
40
× 99 = ` 40  1 1 2
32. a  + =
99 A B 7
20 1 1 1
D’s share = × 99 = ` 20  + =
99 B C 5
28. c Rate of pipe A and the leakage is same i.e. 15 min.  1 1 1  1 1 1  2 1 1 103
 + = ⇒2 + + = + + =
Thus, when only ‘A’ is opened, by the end of 5 min, the  A C 4  A B C  7 5 4 140
tank would still be empty.
When A, B and leak work together,  1 1 1  103
⇒ + + =
Construction by pipe A = destruction by the leak in the  A B C  280
tank. Hence, only pipe B will help in filling the tank. A, B and C together can complete the work in
Hence, it takes 20 min to fill the tank.
280 74
=2 days.
29. d A can complete the work in 4 × 9 = 36 hours 103 103
B can complete the work in 6 × 7 = 42 hours
1 1 13 33. c Earning of men, women, boys and girls are
∴ (A + B)’s 1 hour’s work = + = 8
36 42 252 1 man earning = woman earning
6
252 3
∴ Both will finish the work in hrs. 1 woman earning = boy earning
13 2
2 252 5 5 5
Number of days of 8 hrs. each = × 1 boy earning = girl earning = × 50
5 13 42 4 4
8 3 5
30 4 ∴ 1 man earning = × × × 50 = `125.
= =2 days. 6 2 4
13 13
Alternate method:
1 work Initials used
30. c A’s work for 6 days = 6 × work =
12 2 Man : M, Woman : W, Girl : G, Boy : B
Now according to the question
1 6M = 8W
The remaining work was completed by A and B
2 2W = 3B
together. 4B = 5G
1 1 5 8 3 5 5
Work completed by A and B in a day = + = Thus, M = × × ×G = × 50 = `125.
12 18 36 6 2 4 2
∴ Number of days they worked together
34. a Given Harish, Ramesh and Suresh can finish a project
1 in 22, 33 and 44 days respectively. Let they take x
36 18 3 days to complete the job while working together.
= 2 = = = 3 days .
5 10 5 5
 1 1 1  6+4+3
36
 22 + 33 + 44  x = 1 ⇒   x =1
   132 
3
Hence, B left after 3 days from the start of the work. 132 2
5 ⇒ x= ⇒ x = 10 days .
13 13

35. d As A, B and C together require 15 days to complete the 32 2
32 men 1 day’s work = =
1 240 15
job, they can complete rd of the job in 5 days.
3 2
Therefore, amount of work left when A leaves is Now, work is completed by them in 1 day.
15
1 2 2 15 2
1– = . It is given that B and C together take 20 ∴ work is completed by them in × = 5 days.
3 3 3 2 3
2
days for rd work. Therefore, B and C need 30 days
3 1 1 5
40. c Work completed by two pipes in 1 hour = + =
to complete the job. 12 18 36
A’s 1 day’s work ∴ Time taken by these pipes to fill the tank
= (A + B + C)’s 1 day’s work – (B + C)’s 1 day’s work 36 1
= = 7 hours = 7 hr 12 min.
1 1 1 5 5
= – = Due to leakage, time taken = 7 hr. 12 min. + 48 min.
15 30 30
A can finish the work in 30 days. = 8 hours.
∴ Work completed by (two pipes + leak) in an hour
36. c Let total work be 60 units. 1st tap fills 3units per minute, 1
2nd tap fills 4 units per minute and waste pipe empties =
8
5 units per minute. So, when opened together all three 5 1 1
will fill (3 + 4 – 5) = 2 units per min. Hence, in first 9 min, Work completed by the leak in 1 hour = − =
36 8 72
18 units of tank is filled. Since the waste pipe is closed ∴ Leak will empty the full cistern in 72 hours.
∴ The remaining 42 units will require
42
= 6 min to fill.
3+4 41. a Let the slower pipe takes x hr to fill the reservoir. Then,
1 1 1
37. c From the given data men in the first group are two-third + =
x ( x + 5) 6
as efficient as men from the second group. Hence, 27
⇒ 12x + 30 = x2 + 5x ⇒ x2 – 7x – 30 = 0
2
men of the first group are equivalent to   × 27 ⇒ x(x – 10) + 3(x – 10) = 0
3
= 18 men of second group. Further more ⇒ (x – 10) (x + 3) = 0, i.e x = 10 hr. (Q x ≠ −3)
(Men × hours per day × number of days ) = cons tan t
Work done 1
42. d In 30 days, of the work was done by 45 people.
18 × 6 × 21 18 × 9 × D 2
= ⇒ D = 28 days
x 2x So, 45 people require 60 days to complete the work.
1 person requires 60 × 45 days.
1 ∴ To complete the entire job in 15 days,
38. a (A + B+ C)’s 1 day’s work =
8 60 × 45
Work completed by A, B and C in 6 day’s = 180 people are required.
1 3 15
= 6× = 180
8 4 Only half the work is left, = 90 people are
2
3 1
∴ Remaining work = 1 − = required. As there are already 45 people, 45 more
4 4
people are required to complete the job.
1
∴ B and C can finish the remaining th of the work in
4 43. c If A and B work together, then they can lay 30 + 40
1 = 70 bricks per minute.
× 12 = 3 days. = (70 × 15 cm × 5 cm) of the wall in 1 minute
4
(Note → here width of brick = width of wall.
39. b (20 × 12) men can complete the work in 1 day. So, ‘w’ of brick is not required)
Dimensions of the wall = 14 m × 6 m
1
∴ 1 man’s 1 day’s work = 14 × 6 × 100 × 100
240
... Total time = (convert cm to m)
1 1 70 × 15 × 5
20 men 4 day’s work = ×4 =
12 3 = 160 minutes = 2 hrs and 40 mins.
1 2
Remaining work = 1 − =
3 3

44. b Let us consider that the total work = 360 units 8
A+B+C=
A B C D 24 × 2
10 12 15 18 L (minutes ) 1
A+B+C =
36 30 24 20 L ( units / minutes ) 6
A + B + C complete a work in = 6 days.
Let us consider that it takes ‘x’ minutes to empty the
completely full tank.
∴ The outlet C does (x – 5 ) × 24 units 48. a X is 3 times as fast as Y. Therefore, if x complete a
The outlet D does x × 20 units. work in 1 day y take 3 days to complet it.
∴ 36 × 1 + 30 × 2 + (x – 5) × 24 + 20x = 360 Therefore, the difference between the working days
8 is 2.
⇒ x = 8 min. But in this case the difference is 40 days.
11
Therefore, A completes a work in 20 days and B
completes the work in 60 days.
1 1 7
45. c (A + B)’s 2 day’s work = + = A and B together competes a work
6 8 24
1 1 3 +1 1
7 21 7 = + = = = 15 days.
Work completed in 3 pairs of days = 3 × = = , 20 60 60 15
24 24 8
7 1 49. a A completes a work in 12 days

Remaining work = 1 − = ,
8 8 1
Work done by A in one day =
1 12
On 7th day, it is A’s turn work is completed by him in
6
3 1
1 day. Work done by A in 3 day = =
12 4
1 1 3
work is completed by him in × 6 = day. 1 3
8 8 4
Remaining work = 1 − =
4 4
∴ Total time taken = 6 + 3 = 6 3 days.
4 4 3
A + B completes work in 3 days
46. c If time taken by C to complete the work be x days then 4
10 6 4 4
+ + =1 A + B complete work in = 3 × = 4 days
20 15 x 3
1 2 4 1 1 1
⇒ + + =1 B’s one day work = − =
2 5 x 4 12 6
5+4 4 ∴ B will take 6 days to complete the work.
⇒ + =1
10 x
50. a A complete half as much work as B in three-fourth of
4 9 1 the time.
⇒ = 1− =
x 10 10
⇒ A can complete whole work as B in one and a half
∴ x = 10 × 4 = 40 days. times.
Let the number of days taken by A and B to complete
47. c A + B complete a work in 8 days the same piece of work be 3x and 2x respectively.
B + C complete a work in 12 days
 1 1 
C + A complete a work in 8 days A and B completes  +  work in 1 day.
 3x 2x 
 1 1 1
(A + B + C) can complete  + +  work in one 1 1 1
 8 12 8  ∴ + =
day. 3x 2x 18
3+2+3 ⇒ x = 15
2(A + B + C) =
24 ∴ B completes the work in 2x days = 30 days.

Permutations and Combinations

1 c 2 c 3 b 4 b 5 b 6 c 7 d 8 a 9 d 10 a
11 d 12 a 13 d 14 c 15 a 16 b 17 c 18 b 19 d 20 d
21 b 22 c 23 d 24 d 25 c 26 c 27 b 28 c 29 a 30 d
31 e 32 e 33 b 34 e 35 c 36 a 37 e 38 b 39 d 40 c
41 c 42 b 43 a 44 a 45 c 46 c 47 d 48 b 49 a 50 c
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 8. a Total number of persons = 3(men) + 4(women) = 7

1. c
Hence, required number of ways
Now 4 men can be played at 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th
7!
positions whereas 5 women can be played at 1st, = 7 C4 = = 35.
3rd, 5th, 7th and 9th positions. 4! × 3!
So, 4 men can be arranged in 4! ways whereas 5
women can be arranged in 5! ways. 9. d There are 4 kings and remaining cards = 52 – 4 = 48.
So, the total number of arrangements = 4! × 5!. Therefore, required number of ways
= 48C3 × 4C1 = 69184.
5
2. c P1 + 5 P2 + 5 P3 + 5 P4 + 5 P5 10. a Since in forming a necklace clockwise and
anticlockwise arrangements are not different.
5! 5! 5! 5! 5! Therefore, required number of arrangements
= + + + +
4! 3! 2! 1! 0! (11 – 1)! 10!
= = .
= 5 + 20 + 60 + 120 + 120 = 325. 2 2
3. b Total number of ways = 7!. 11. d Standard form is

n
C0 + nC1 + nC2 + ... + nCn = 2n
4. b Men are in majority, therefore, we have two cases:
For selecting at least 1 out of them
(i) when all are 4 men or
n
(ii) when there are 3 men and 1 woman. C1 + nC2 ... + nCn = 2n – 1
∴ Required number of ways 11 11 11
In this case C1 + C2 + ... + C11 = 211 – 1 .
= 5 C4 + 5 C3 ×6 C1 = 5 + 10 × 6 = 65 .
12. a As zero cannot come in the ten thousand’s place, so
5. b First letter can be posted in any of the 4 boxes. it can be filled in 9 ways, while all other places can be
Second can also be posted in any of the 4 boxes. filled in 10 ways.
Similarly, all 7 can be posted in any of 4 boxes. So, the total number of ways = 9 × 10 × 10 × 10 × 10
So, total number of ways = 90000.
= 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 = 47.
13. d Number of ways of selecting 3 boys out of 5 boys
= 5C3
6. c Number of letters in the word ‘LAUNCHER’ = 8
Number of ways of selecting a girl out of 2 girls = 2C1
Since repetition is allowed, therefore number of
3-letter words = 8 × 8 × 8 = 83. 5! 2!
∴ Total number of ways = 5C3 × 2C1 = ×
2!3! 1!1!
7. d Number of ways = 11P2 = 11 × 10 = 110. = 10 × 2 = 20.

∴ Total number of ways for 14 persons to be seated
9 9! 9×8×7×6×5!
14. c Number of ways = C5 = = = 126 . 14!
5!×4! 4×3×2×1×5! = × 7!× 5!.
8!6!
15. a Total letters in the word ‘OPTIONS’ = 7
There are 3 vowels in the given word, which are 25. c As the table is square and there are 4 chairs placed
2 O’s and 1 I. equidistant along each side, hence, the square table
Assuming these 3 letters as 1 letter. This 1 letter and is similar to a circular table.
remaining 4 letters can be arranged in 5! ways. ∴ Number of ways for 16 persons to be seated
3! = (16 – 1)! = 15!.
2 O’s and 1 I can be arranged in .
2!
26. c Number of letters in the word ‘ARRANGEMENT’ = 11
3!
Therefore, required arrangements = 5! × .
2! 11!
So, the total number of ways = as there
2! × 2! × 2! × 2!
16. b Required number of ways = 5C2 × 4C2 × 4C2
are 2 A’s, 2 R’s, 2 N’s, 2 E’s.
= 10 × 6 × 6 = 360.
27. b The possible arrangement of boys and girls is
17. c The team can consist of (i) 1 boy and 3 girls (ii) 2 boys
B G B G B G B G B G or G B G B G B G B G B
and 2 girls (iii) 3 boys and 1 girl
= 5! × 5! × 2.
Required number of ways = 5C1 × 4C3 + 5C2 × 4C2 +
5C × 4C
3 1 28. c One handshake involves 2 persons. So, if there are 66
= 5 × 4 + 10 × 6 + 10 × 4 = 20 + 60 + 40 = 120.
handshakes in total, then the total number of persons
n
18. b 57 × × × × × in the room will be C2 = 66
Since two digits 5 and 7 are fixed. Therefore, remaining
digits = 8. n! n(n − 1)
⇒ = 66 ⇒ = 66
Since digits are not repeated. Therefore, remaining 2!(n − 2)! 2
places can be filled in8 × 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 = 6720 ways. ⇒ n2 – n = 132 ⇒ n2 – n – 132 = 0
⇒ (n – 12) (n + 11) = 0 ⇒ n = 12.
19. d There are 4 suits: diamond, club, spade, heart and
there are 13 cards of each suit. 29. a Since the chairs are numbered, this is taken as a row
The required number of ways = 13C1 × 13C1 × 13C1 × arrangement, as there is no need to fix a position.
13C = (13)4.
1 Hence, the number of ways is 8!.
20. d Each person will get 4 things. 30. d Total number of balloons = 5(blue) + 4(pink) + 2(white)
Therefore, required number of ways = 11
= 16C4 × 12C4 × 8C4 × 4C4 Therefore, the number of arrangements
16! 12! 8! 16!
= × × ×1= . 11!
4!×12! 4! × 8! 4! × 4! (4!)4 = = 6930 .
5! × 4! × 2!
21. b Among 5 letters of word, 2 letters are T’s and remaining
3 letters can be selected in 4C3 ways. 31. e Required number of ways = 8 × 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3
= 20160.
4 5!
Now, total number of words = C3 × = 240.
2! 32. e 6 boys can be arranged in a row in 6! ways.
×B×B×B×B×B×B×
22. c SIMULTANEOUS is a 12 letter word in which there are There are 7 cross marked places and 4 girls can be
2S and 2U. seated in 7P4 ways.
Therefore, required number of ways = 6! × 7P4.
12!
∴ Total number of words = .
2!2! For questions 33 to 35:
Total number of persons = 6(men) + 5(women) + 4(children)
23. d Total number of balls = 3 + 4 = 7 = 15
∴ Required number of ways = 7C4 = 35.
33. b Number of ways = 5C3 = 10.
24. d For table having 8 chairs, number of ways of selecting
14 14! 34. e Number of ways = 6C2 × 4C1 = 15 × 4 = 60.
8 persons is C8 = .
8!6!

44. a 4 men can be seated along a circular table in (4 – 1)!
15 × 14 × 13 × 12
35. c Number of ways = 15C4 = = 1365. i.e.3! ways.
4 × 3 × 2 ×1
M
36. a There are 5 such odd integers, viz. 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9.

So, the total numbers that can be formed is
5! = 120. M M
37. e In the given word there are 5 vowels and 4 different

consonants. Considering the 5 vowels as one unit,
total number of permutations is 5!. For each of these M
arrangements, the vowels can be arranged among There are 4 places for 4 women. Therefore, 4 women
themselves in 5! ways. Therefore, total number of can be seated in 4! ways.
different words = 5! × 5!. Hence, required number of ways = 3! × 4! = 144.
38. b Three programmes for first day can be selected in 6C3 45. c Number of straight line = 7C2 – 3C2 + 1 = 21 – 3 + 1
ways. Now 3 programmes can be arranged in 3! ways = 19.
and for the other day, they can be arranged in 3!
46. c Total number of mathematics teachers = 5 + 3 = 8
ways. So, required number of ways = 6 C3 × 3! × 3! .
8!
\ Required number of ways = 8C5 = = 56.
3! ×5!
39. d A particular official never included.
Required number of ways = 12 – 1C5 = 11C5 = 462.
47. d Total number of men teachers = 12 and total number
40. c The total number of possible arrangements are of women teachers = 8.
5
C3 × 5C1 + 5C2 × 5C2 + 5C1 × 5C3 \ Required number of ways = 12 C4 ×8 C4 .
= 50 + 100 + 50 = 200.
48. b Number of men chemistry teachers = 3
41. c In this question we must bear in mind that we have to and number of women chemistry teachers = 3
only form committees. We are not concerned with the At least a woman chemistry teacher i.e. 3 men
arrangement of officials or non-officials. chemistry teachers and a woman chemistry teacher
Total: 8 officials, 4 non-officials. or 2 men chemistry teachers and 2 women chemistry
3 officials out of 8 can be selected in 8C3 = 56 ways. teachers or 1 man chemistry teacher and 3 women
2 non-officials out of 4 can be selected in 4C2 = 6 chemistry teachers.
ways \ Required number of ways
\ The number of ways in which the committee can
be formed is = 56 × 6 = 336. = 3 C3 × 3 C1 + 3 C2 × 3 C2 + 3 C1 × 3 C3
= 1× 3 + 3 × 3 + 3 × 1 = 15 .
42. b The five boys can be arranged along a circle in
4! ways. The five girls can then be arranged in the
5 places in 5! ways. 49. a Mathematics teachers = 8, Physics teachers = 6 and
Therefore, the required number of ways = 4! × 5!. Chemistry teachers = 6
\ Required number of ways
43. a Unit’s place digit can be filled by 0, 2, 4 and 6 i.e.
= 8 C 3 × 6 C 2 × 6 C1 = 56 × 15 × 6 = 5040 .
4 ways. Since digits can be repeated. Therefore, ten’s
place digit can be filled by 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 i.e.
7 ways. 50. c Total number of men physics teachers = 4 and total
Therefore, required numbers = 4 × 7 = 28. number of women physics teachers = 2
\ Required number of ways
= 4 C 2 × 2C1 = 6 × 2 = 12 .

Probability and Set Theory

1 c 2 b 3 d 4 c 5 a 6 b 7 a 8 c 9 b 10 b
11 c 12 d 13 b 14 a 15 b 16 d 17 b 18 c 19 c 20 c
21 a 22 b 23 d 24 a 25 a 26 d 27 a 28 b 29 d 30 a
31 a 32 b 33 c 34 d 35 c 36 a 37 b 38 c 39 b 40 c
41 b 42 b 43 c 44 b 45 c 46 d 47 a 48 c 49 d 50 b
1. c Here we can have four cases: 6. b A leap year contains 366 days and therefore, 52 weeks
I. a is even, b is even. and 2 days. Clearly, there are 52 Sundays in 52 weeks.
II. a is odd, b is even. The remaining 2 days maybe:
III. a is even, b is odd. (i) Sunday and Monday (ii) Monday and Tuesday
IV. a is odd, b is odd. (iii) Tuesday and Wednesday (iv) Wednesday and
Out of these four cases, in cases (II) and (III) the sum Thursday (v) Thursday and Friday (vi) Friday and
Saturday (vii) Saturday and Sunday.
2 1 Now, for having 53 Sundays in the year, one of the
will be odd. So, the required probability = = . above 2 days must be Sunday. Thus, out of above 7
4 2
possibilities, 2 favour the required event.
2. b Total number of events (sample space) = 6 × 6 = 36. 2
∴ The required probability = .
Favourable events are (5, 6) and (6, 5). 7
2 1
So, the required probability = = . 7. a Multiples of 6 from 1 to 50 = 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48
36 18 Multiples of 9 from 1 to 50 = 9, 18, 27, 36, 45
Either multiples of 6 or 9 = M(6) + M(9) – M(6 and 9)
3. d Total number of red cards = 26. = 8 + 5 – 2 = 11
Ways of getting red card from a single draw = 26 [Multiples of 6 and 9 = M(6 ∩ 9) = 2 ]
C1
52
11
Total ways = C1 ∴ Required probability = .
50
26
C1 26 1
∴ Required probability = 52
= = . 8. c Favourable ways of selecting 5 non-defective bulbs
C1 52 2 = 90C5
Total number of ways of selection = 100C5
4. c Total cases = (6 + 7) people, so 13C2 ways. 90
C5
∴ P (non-defective bulbs) = 100 .
Favourable cases = 6 C1 × 7C1 C5
9. b There are 26 red cards.
6
C1 × 7C1 There are 2 kings that are black.
∴ Probability= 13
. There are 2 kings that are red.
C2 Probability of getting a red card or a king in a single
draw is P(R or K) = P(R) + P(K) – P(R ∩ K)
5. a From the decade 1991-2000, there are three (1992, 26 4 2
1996 and 2000) leap years. C1 C1 C1 7
= 52
+ 52
− 52
= .
C1 C1 C1 13
3
∴ Probability = .
10

16. d Total number of balls = 2(white) + 3(green) + 4(red)
10. b 1st Pick 2nd Pick 3rd Pick =9
K Q J Total number of ways = 9C5
Number of ways of drawing 2 red balls, 2 green balls
K J Q and a white ball = 4C2 × 3C2 × 2C1
Q K J Therefore, required probability
Q J K 4
C2 × 3C2 × 2C1 6×3×2 36 2
= 9
= = = .
J Q K C5 126 126 7
J K Q
17. b TV
 4 4 4  16 R adio
∴ Required probability =  × ×  × 6 = .
 52 51 50  5525
35 15
11. c There are 6 favorable cases HHT, HTH, HTT, THT, TTH, 15 10 25
THH out of total 8 cases.
6 3 VC R
∴ Required probability = = .
8 4 ∴ Families having TV only = 100 – (15 + 10 + 15 + 25)
= 35.
12. d Total tickets = 100
The number of multiples of 8 or 9 = (8, 9, 16, 18, 24, 27, 18. c TV N e w spa pe r
32, 36, 40, 45, 48, 54, 56, 63, 64, 72, 80, 81, 88, 90, 96
and 99) = 22
22 11 4 0% 2 5% 1 5%
∴ Required probability = = .
100 50
13. b When 3 coins are tossed once, then total number of Percentage of people surveyed neither watch news
outcomes on TV nor read a newspaper = 100 – (40 + 25 + 15)
= (HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, HTT, THT, TTH, TTT) = 8 = 100 – 80 = 20%.
Favourable number of outcomes (getting at least a
tail) = (HHT, HTH, THH, HTT, THT, TTH, TTT) = 7 19. c C a r 7 0% TV 7 5%
7
∴ Required probability = .
8
1 5% 5 5% 2 0%
14. a Total number of outcomes = 6 × 6 = 36
1 00
The favourable number of outcomes = (2, 6), (3, 5),
(4, 4), (5, 3) and (6, 2) = 5 ∴ Percentage of those surveyed did not own either a
5 car or a TV
∴ P(a sum of 8) = . = 100 – (70 + 75 – 55)
36 = 100 – (145 – 55)
= 100 – 90
15. b Case: K1 Q K2 = 10%.
K1 K2 Q
Q K1 K2 For questions 20 to 23:
4 4 3 48 From the given information we can draw the following Venn
Ist case → × × = diagram.
52 51 50 52 × 51× 50
4 3 4 48 B u sine ss
2nd case → × × = In dia In dia Tod ay
52 51 50 52 × 51× 50
4 4 3 48
3rd case → × × = 1 40 20 40
52 51 50 52 × 51× 50
48 × 3
Total cases = .
52 × 51× 50
Tota l = 25 0

20. c 40 residents read only “India Today”. 30. a Number of ways of drawing 1 of each colour = 8C1 ×
4C × 6C
1 1
21. a 140 residents read only “Business India”. Therefore, required probability
8
22. b (140 + 40) = 180 residents read exactly one magazine. C1 × 4C1× 6C1 8 × 4 × 6 4
= 18
= = .
C3 816 17
23. d 250 – (140 + 20 + 40) = 50 residents read neither ‘India
Today’ nor ‘Business India’. For questions 31 to 34:
A : Husband selected. B : Wife selected.
For questions 24 and 25: A’: Husband not selected B’: Wife not selected
From the given data, we can draw the following Venn-diagram. 1 1
P(A) = , P(B) = ,
Tota l = 12 0 7 5
B a se ba ll 1 6 1 4
H o ckey P(A’) =1 – = P(B’) = 1 – = .
7 7 5 5
31. a Only one of them will be selected

20 30 40
= P(A) × P(B’) + P(B) × P(A’)
1 4 1 6 2
= × + × = .
7 5 5 7 7
1 1 1
32. b Both selected = P(A) × P(B) = × = .
24. a 20 students like only Hockey. 7 5 35
25. a 90 students like atleast one game. 33. c None of them selected = P(A’) × P(B’)
6 4 24
26. d Probability of atleast one being alive = × = .
= 1 – Probability when all are dead 7 5 35
 1  1  1  24 11
= 1 –  1 −   1 −   1 −   34. d At least one of them selected = 1 –
35
= .
 2  3  4  35
35. c Possible outcomes = 6 × 6 × 6 = 216
1 2 3 1 3
=1–  × × =1– = . Outcomes of obtaining a sum of 16 are
2 3 4 4 4
(6, 6, 4), (6, 4, 6), (4, 6, 6), (5, 5, 6), (5, 6, 5) and
(6, 5, 5).
1
27. a Probability of getting a head =
2 ∴ P (a sum of 16) = 6 = 1 .
216 36
3 1
Probability of even number = =
6 2 36. a Total number of ways of selecting 2 cards from a
52
[Even numbers are 2, 4 and 6]. complete pack of cards = C2
∴ Probability that we will get a head and an even
The number of ways of selecting a king and a queen
1 1 1
number = × = . =4 C1 ×4 C1 = 16
2 2 4
16
For questions 28 to 30: ∴ Required probability = 52 .
C2
Total number of balls = 8(white) + 4(red) + 6(blue) = 18
Total number of ways of drawing 3 balls out of 18 balls = 18C3
37. b Total number of five-digit numbers = 5! = 120. Now to
28. b Number of ways of drawing 3 white balls out of 8 be a multiple of 4, the last 2 digits of the number has to
white balls = 8C3 be divisible by 4, i.e. they must be 12, 24, 32, or 52.
8
C3 56 7 Corresponding to each of these ways there are 3!,
Therefore, required probability = 18
= = . i.e. 6 ways of filling the remaining 3 places.
C3 816 102
4×6 1
29. d Number of ways of drawing 2 blue and 1 red ball ∴ The required probability = = .
120 5
= 6C2 × 4C1
Therefore, required probability
6
C2 × 4C1 15 × 4 5
= 18
= = .
C3 816 68

For questions 38 and 39: For questions 43 to 46:
3 2 1 2 From the given information we can draw the following Venn
P (A ) = , P ( A ') = , P (B ) = , P (B' ) = diagram.
5 5 3 3
4 3
P (C ) = , P (C' ) =
7 7 E n glish H isto ry
38. c Required probability =
P(A) × P(B’) × P(C’) + P(A’) × P(B) × P(C’) + P(A’) × P(B’)
× P(C) 60 1 0% 4 0%
3 2 3 2 1 3 2 2 4
= × × + × × + × ×
5 3 7 5 3 7 5 3 7
6 2 16 40 8 N o ne = 10 %
= + + = = .
35 35 105 105 21
100% = 60 + 10% + 40% + 10%
39. b Required probability = ⇒ 40% = 60
P(A) × P(B) × P(C’) + P(A) × P(B’) × P(C) + P(A’) × P(B) 40% of the total number of students = 60
× P(C) Total students = 150.
3 1 3 3 2 4 2 1 4
= × × + × × + × × 43. c There are 150 students in the class.
5 3 7 5 3 7 5 3 7
44. b 10% of the students do not like any of the two subjects.
3 8 8 41
= + + = . 10% of 150 = 15.
35 35 105 105
For questions 40 and 41: 45. c 40% of the total students like only History.
Total number of balls = 8(red) + 6(blue) = 14. 40% of 150 = 60.
46. d 60 + 40% of 150 = 60 + 60 = 120

8 8 16
40. c Probability that both balls are red = × = . 120 students like exactly one subject.
14 14 49
For questions 47 to 50: The given information can be shown
41. b Probability that one of them is blue and other is red
as:
6 8 8 6 24
= × + × = .
14 14 14 14 49 7 2 B a se ba ll
42. b W ashin g
m a ch ine 1
e g
a Vaccum 6 2
d clea ner 63
b f 1 2 Fo otba ll
Ten nis
47
c
11 7 11 4
R efrigera tor
a + b + c + d + e + f + g = 1000 47. a 4 players play only one sport.
a + e + g = 400
a + b + c = 380 48. c 118 players play at least two sports.
c + f + g = 542
d + e = 294 49. d 59 players play at most two sports.
d + f = 277
d + b = 120 50. b Ratio is 72 : 63 i.e. 8 : 7.
Alter solving, g = 62.
Alternative Method:
n (W ∪ V ∪ R) = n(W) + n(V) + n(R) – n(W∩V)
– n(W∩R) – n(V∩R) + n(W ∩ V ∩ R)
⇒ 1000 = (1000 – 400) + (1000 – 380) + (1000 – 542)
– 294 – 277 – 120 + n(W ∩ V ∩ R)
⇒ n(W ∩ V ∩ R) = 13 (This value is basically the 'd' of
the first method). Now from the figure, all the values
can be determined one by one.

Algebra : Basics of Linear & Quadratic Equations and Ages

1 b 2 c 3 a 4 b 5 d 6 a 7 d 8 c 9 d 10 c
11 a 12 a 13 c 14 d 15 d 16 a 17 b 18 d 19 a 20 d
21 b 22 a 23 c 24 b 25 c 26 d 27 c 28 c 29 a 30 d
31 b 32 a 33 a 34 a 35 b 36 c 37 b 38 d 39 b 40 b
41 b 42 a 43 d 44 b 45 c 46 c 47 c 48 b 49 c 50 a
51 b 52 d 53 a 54 d 55 c 56 c 57 e 58 e 59 c 60 a
1. b 5x − 3 = 2x + 9 8. c x + 12x = 234 ⇒ 13x = 234 ⇒ x = 18.
⇒ 5x − 2x = 9 + 3 ⇒ 3x = 12 ⇒ x = 4 .
9. d Let daughter’s present age be x years. Then,
36 = 3x ⇒ x = 12 years
3 1
2. c x − x = 44 Daughter’s age after 5 years = 12 + 5 = 17 years.
5 3
9x − 5x 4x
⇒ = 44 ⇒ = 44 ⇒ x = 165 . 10. c
3
x = 54 ⇒ x = 126
15 15 7
3. a Let p ( x ) = 2x2 + kx + 3 , then ∴

1
of 126 = 63.
2
p ( −1) = 0 ⇒ 2 ( −1) + k ( −1) + 3 = 0 ⇒ k = 5 .
2
11. a Let the present age of Anil be x years. Then,
4. b Let ‘x’ be the number. Then, x + 8 = 3 (x − 8)
1 1 1 ⇒ 2x = 32 ⇒ x = 16 years.
× × x = 2 ⇒ x = 120
3 4 5
∴ Three times of the number = 3(120) = 360. 12. a Q p(– 5) = 0
∴ x + 5 is the factor of p(x).
4 4
5. d x – 36 = 36 ⇒ x = 72 ⇒ x = 90 13. c Let B’s age be x years. Then, A’s age = x + 7.
5 5
B’s age 15 years ago was x – 15.
1 A’s age 15 years ago was x + 7 – 15 = x – 8
∴ of 90 = 45.
2 3
∴ x – 15 = (x – 8) ⇒ 4x – 60 = 3x – 24
4
6. a 2x + 5y = 9 ...(i)
⇒ x = 36
and 2x + 3y = 7 ...(ii)
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we get ∴ B’s age = 36 years and A’s age = 43 years.
2y = 2 ⇒ y = 1
14. d Let f(x) = x3 + px2 + 3x – 9
∴ x = 2. Q (x + 3) is a factor of f(x), then f(–3) = 0
7. d Let p(x) = 4x3 – 3x2 + 2x – 4 ⇒ (–3)3 + p(–3)2 + 3(–3) – 9 = 0
∴ p(–4) = 4(–4)3 – 3(–4)2 + 2(–4) – 4
⇒ p = 5.
= –256 – 48 – 8 – 4 = –316.

and y – 1 = 3 x – 3 ... (ii)
1 3 x2 − 1 3 Solving equation (i) and (ii), we get
15. d x− = ⇒ = ⇒ 2x 2 − 2 = 3x
x 2 x 2 x = 3 and y = 7
1 3
⇒ ( x − 2 )(2x + 1) = 0 ⇒ x = 2 or x = − . ⇒ The fraction is .
2 7
24. b Let the number of one rupee coins be ‘x’ and number
40 60x
16. a x + 120 = x ⇒ 120 = ⇒ x = 200 . of five rupee coins be ‘y’
100 100 ∴ x + y = 26 ... (i)
and x + 5y = 50 ... (ii)
( )
17. b Let p ( x ) = x3 − k 2 − 1 x + 2 y=6
Hence, number of five rupee coins is 6.
(
∴ p (k ) = 0 ⇒ k − k − 1 k + 2 = 0
3 2
)
25. c Let the digit at unit’s place be ‘x’ and digit at hundred’s
⇒ k 3 − k 3 + k + 2 = 0 ⇒ k = −2 . place be ‘y’.
Then, the number is, y × 100 + 5 × 10 + x × 1
18. d After t years, let boy’s age = 3a ∴ Sum of digits y + 5 + x = 14 ⇒ x + y = 9 ... (i)
Then, a + t = 3a ⇒ t = 2a and (100y + 10 × 5 + x) − (100x + 10 × 5 + y) = 297 ...(ii)
Father’s age after t years = 5a + t = 5a + 2a
= 7a years
y = 6 and x = 3.
Father’s age when the son was born = 5a – a
Hence, the number is, 6 × 100 + 5 × 10 + 3 × 1 = 653.
= 4a years.
26. d Let x be the number of 25-paisa coins and y be the
19. a Let the cost of a book and a pencil be B and P
respectively. number of 10-paisa coins. Then,
Then, 6B + 4P = 34 and 5B + 5P = 30 1
Solving them, we get B = <5 and P = <1. 0.25x + 0.10y = 8.25 and x = y
3
20. d 3x + 12 = 4x – 7 ⇒ x = 19. Solving, we get x = 15 and y = 45
∴ Total number of coins = 15 + 45 = 60.
21. b Let the number of people be x. Then, each person
27. c Let the present ages of Father and Son be x and y
180
gets . respectively. Then,
x x + y = 45 ⇒ y = 45 – x
180 180 Five years ago, age of father = (x – 5)
= – 6 ⇒ x2 – 40x – 1200 = 0 Five years ago, age of son = (45 – x) – 5 = (40 – x)
x x − 40
∴ (x – 5) (40 – x) = 4 (x – 5)
⇒ x = 60
⇒ 40 – x = 4
180 ⇒ x = 36 years.
∴ Each person gets = = <3.
60
28. c Let the total number of students be xy.
22. a Let the number be x. ∴ (x + 2) (y – 4) = (x – 3) (y + 12) = xy
Using first and 3rd equations, we get
Then, x − x = 100 2x + 4 = y …(i)
7 11 Using last two equations, we get
11x − 7x 4x – y = 12 …(ii)
⇒ = 100 On solving equations (i) and (ii), we get
77
x = 8 and y = 20
100 × 77 ∴ Total number of students = xy = 20 × 8 = 160.
⇒x= = 1925.
4
29. a If larger and smaller integers be x and y respectively.
∴ x – y = 5 and x2 – y2 = 65 ...(i)
x
23. c Let the fraction be . or, (x – y) (x + y) = 65
y ⇒ x + y = 13 ...(ii)
∴y = x + 4 ... (i) Solving the two equations, we get x = 9 and y = 4
∴ Larger integer = 9.

30. d Let f(x) = x2 + 3qx – 2q 38. d Let the present ages of A and B be x and y years
Q f(2) = 0 ⇒ 4 + 6q – 2q = 0 respectively.
⇒ q = –1. x–7 3 x+9 7
∴ = and =
y–7 4 y+9 8
31. b x2 – 3x – 10 = x2 – 5x + 2x – 10 = (x – 5) (x + 2)
∴ k = –2. Solving them, we get x = 19 and y = 23.
∴ B’s age at present = 23 years.
32. a Use remainder theorem
put x = 1 in x3 – 6x + 7. 39. b Let the present age of father and son be x and y
The remainder is 2. years respectively.
∴ x = 4y L (i)
33. a Let the number of two legged, three legged and four Also, x + 20 = 2(y + 20) L (ii)
legged chairs be x, y and z respectively. Solving equations (i) and (ii), we get
x = 40 and y = 10.
∴ x + y + z = 27 …(i)
∴ The sum of present ages of father and son
and 2x + 3y + 4z = 78 …(ii) = x + y = 50 years.
On solving equations (ii) and (i), we get
y + 2z = 24 40. b Let the present ages of Ajay and Vijay be 4x and
Q y:z = 2:3 3x years respectively.
Then, 4x + 6 = 26 ⇒ 4x = 20 ⇒ x = 5.
3y
∴y + × 2 = 24 ⇒ y = 6 and z = 9 ∴ Vijay’s age = 3x = 15 years.
2
∴ Number of two legged chairs = 27 – (6 + 9) = 12. 41. b Let the age of the younger person be x years..
Then, elder person’s age is (x + 16).
34. a For a given system of equations having infinite 6 years before, 3(x – 6) = (x + 16 – 6)
solutions ⇒ 3x – 18 = x + 10
a1 b1 c1 ⇒ x = 14 years
= =
a2 b2 c 2 So, other person’s age = x + 16 = 30 years.
7 8 35 42. a Let the number be xy.

⇒ = =
5 p 25 Then, x + 6 = y … (i)
and 4(10x + y) + 3 = (10y + x)
40 ⇒ 39x – 6y + 3 = 0
⇒p= .
7 ⇒ 13x – 2y + 1 = 0 … (ii)
From (i) and (ii),
35. b Let father’s present age be ‘x’ years 11x = 11 ⇒ x = 1 and y = 7
and son’s present age be ‘y’ years.
∴ Number = 17.
∴ x − 10 = 3(y − 10) ... (i)
and x + 10 = 2(y + 10) ... (ii) 43. d Let the boy have x < 1 coins then, < 2 coins will be
30 – x.
∴ x × 1 + (30 – x) × 2 = 48
x = 70 and y = 30
Hence, x : y = 7: 3. ⇒ x = 12.
∴ Number of coins of <1 is 12.
36. c Let’s Rajan’s present age be ‘x’ years.
44. b The remainder when f(x) is divided by (x + 2) is f(–2)
6 ∴ f(–2) = (–2)3 – 5(–2)2 + 3(–2) – 11
Then, x = (x − 8) ⇒ x = 48
5 = – 8 – 20 – 6 – 11 = –45.
Now Rajan’s sister is 10 years younger to him. ∴ The remainder when x3 – 5x2 + 3x – 11 is divided by
⇒ Rajan’s sisters age is 38 years. (x + 2) is –45.
37. b Let the digit at unit’s place be x and digit at ten’s place 45. c Let f(x) = 2x2 + kx – 12
be y. Q f(x) is when divided by (x + 3) gives remainder – 3
∴ x + y = 10 ... (i) ∴ f(–3) = –3 ⇒ 2(–3)2 + k(–3) – 12 = –3
(10y + x) – 10 = 2(10x + y) + 16 ... (ii) ⇒ 18 – 3k – 12 = –3 ⇒ 3k = 9
Solving equation (i) and (ii), we get ⇒ k = 3.
x = 2 and y = 8
Hence, the number is 8 × 10 + 2 = 82.

46. c Let f(x) = x3 + 5x2 + px + q 6
Q x2 + 2x – 3 = (x + 3)(x – 1) 55. c Let x =
6
Q x2 + 2x – 3 is a factor of x3 + 5x2 + px + q 1+
6
∴ f(–3) = 0 and f(1) = 0 1+
1...
∴ f(–3) : (–3)3 + 5(–3)2 + p(–3) + q = 0
6
⇒ 3p – q = 18 …(i) ⇒ x= ⇒ x2 + x = 6
1+ x
and f(1) : (1)3 + 5(1)2 + p(1) + q = 0
⇒ p + q = –6 … (ii) ⇒ x 2 + x − 6 = 0 ⇒ ( x + 3 )( x − 2 ) = 0
From (i) & (ii), p = 3, q = –9 ⇒ x = 2 or – 3
∴ p + q = –6. Q x ≠ –3 because x is positive.
∴ x = 2.
47. c The given polynomials are
16x3y2 (x2 – y2) and 4x2y3 (x + y)
HCF = 4x2y2 (x + y) 56. c If (2 + 3 ) is one root, then
LCM = 16x3y3 (x2 – y2).
(2 – 3 ) will be the other root (Irrational roots are in
48. b For infinite solutions. pairs).
The equation would be
a1 b c1 m 4 8
= 1 = ⇒ = = ∴ x2 – (2 + 3 + 2 – 3 )x + (2 + 3 ) (2 – 3)=0
a2 b2 c2 2 2 8–m
⇒ x2 – 4x + 1 = 0.
⇒m=4.
49. c For no solution b 34 c 68

57. e α+β= − = − = –2, α × β = = = 4.
a1 b c1 a 17 a 17
= 1 ≠ ∴ 2 × (α + β ) = −4 and 2α × 2β = 16
a2 b2 c2
b 4 7 b c
= ≠ ⇒ b 2 = 12 Hence, new equation will have − = –4 and = 16.
3 b 8 a a
⇒ b = ±2 3. Both (a) and (c) satisfy the conditions.
50. a For unique solution

58. e α , β, y are the roots of x3 + ax 2 + bx + c = 0.
a1 b 2 3
≠ 1 ⇒ ≠ ∴ α + β + γ = −a, α × β × γ = −c
a2 b2 5 k
15 and α, β are the roots of the equation x 2 + ax + b = 0.
⇒k ≠ .
2 ∴ α + β = −a
So, γ = 0 ⇒ c = 0.
51. b 2x2 + x − 6 = 0
3 Quadratic equation x2 – px + 4 = 0
⇒ ( x + 2 )(2x − 3 ) = 0 ⇒ x = −2 or x = .
59. c
2 Q Roots are imaginary,
∴ Discriminant is less than 0.
52. d x2 − (Sum of roots ) x + Pr oduct of roots = 0 ∴ (–p)2 – 4 × 4 < 0
⇒ p2 – 16 < 0
i.e. x2 − (2 − 3 ) x + 2 ( −3 ) = 0 ⇒ (p – 4)(p + 4) < 0
⇒ x2 + x − 6 = 0 . ⇒ –4 < p < 4.
53. a Let number be x and y, then x 32

x + y = 9 and xy = 20 60. a 1+ =
961 31
Q ( x + y ) = x2 + y2 + 2xy
2 Squaring both sides, we get
2
x  32 
⇒ 92 = x 2 + y 2 + 2 × 20 ⇒ x 2 + y 2 = 81 − 40 = 41 . 1+
961  31 
=
54. d Since –3 is a root of 2x2 – kx – 3 = 0. 961 + x 1024
⇒ =
∴ 2 (− 3 ) − k (− 3 ) − 3 = 0
2 961 961
⇒ 961 + x = 1024
⇒ 18 + 3k – 3 = 0
⇒ k = –5. ⇒ x = 1024 – 961 ⇒ x = 63.

Mensuration - 2D (Plane Figures)

1 d 2 c 3 c 4 a 5 a 6 d 7 d 8 d 9 c 10 b
11 d 12 d 13 b 14 b 15 b 16 c 17 b 18 b 19 c 20 a
21 b 22 b 23 b 24 b 25 a 26 c 27 c 28 d 29 c 30 a
31 a 32 b 33 b 34 b 35 b 36 c 37 c 38 c 39 d 40 c
41 b 42 a 43 a 44 d 45 c 46 c 47 a 48 c 49 c 50 a
1. d 2(l + b) = 30 Now shaded area = Area of bigger semicircle – Areas

⇒ 2(4b + b) = 30 ⇒ 10b = 30 ⇒ b = 3 m and of smaller semicircles
l = 12 m. 1 1 1
= π (8)² – π(2)² – π(6)²
So, area of the field = l × b = 3 × 12 = 36 m2. 2 2 2
= 32 π – 2π – 18π = 12π cm2.
2. c To calculate the area, first of all calculate the length of
the side of the square. First of all put 4 poles on 7. d
4 corners and now we are left with 16 poles. d
Hence, 4 poles each between 2 corner poles.
4x
Hence, each side of the square contains 6 poles. So, d
distance between 2 extreme poles on one side of the
square will be 5 × 5 = 25 m. So, area = (25)2 = 625 m2. 5x
Let 5x and 4x be the length and breadth of the garden.
3. c Perimeter of the rectangle = Circumference of the
Then, 5x × 4x = 2000 ⇒ x2 = 100 ⇒ x = 10
22 ∴ Length = 50 m and breadth = 40 m
circular wire = 2 × × 42 cm = 264 cm. Let ‘d’ be the width of the road. Then,
7
Let the dimensions of the rectangle be 6x and 5x (50 – 2d) (40 – 2d) = 2000 – 344
respectively. ⇒ d = 2 m.
∴2 × (6x + 5x) = 264 ⇒ x = 12
∴ Smaller side = 5x = 60 cm. 8. d Let side of rectangle be 2x and x units.
and side of square = y units
4. a Radius of the circle = 14 cm x 4 2
∴ 4y = 6x ⇒ = =
Angle of the sector = 36° y 6 3
θ 2x × x 2x 2 2× 4
Q Area of the sector = × πr 2 ∴ = = = 8 : 9.
360° y 2
y 2 9
36 22
∴Area of the sector = × × 14 × 14 = 61.6cm2. 9. c Area of square = a2 = 81 cm2
360° 7 ⇒ a= 9 cm
Perimeter of square = 4 × a = 4 × 9 = 36 cm
5. a Area per rotation = (2πR) × L = 1.32 m2 Perimeter of semi circle = πr + 2r
⇒ Total area = 1.32 × 400 = 528 m2 ⇒ 36 = r(π + 2)
⇒ Total cost = <5,280.  36  7
⇒ 36 = r   ⇒ r = 36 × =7
 7  36
6. d ∠ ADC is a right angle (Angle in a semicircle) 1 2
So, BD² = AB × BC ⇒ 16 × 3 = 4 × BC Area of semicircle = πr
2
⇒ BC = 12 cm 1 22
= × × 7 × 7 = 77cm2 .
2 7

10. b 15. b Radius of the outer circle = 28 + 14 = 42 m
Area of the path
= Area of outer circle – Area of inner circle
= π (42)2 – π (28)2 = 3080 m2.
16. c Let r be the radius of the circular plot. Then,

πr2 = 154 ⇒ r = 7 m
22
Circumference of the plot = 2 × × 7 = 44 m
Area of the triangular field 7
Cost of fencing the plot = <44 × 2.75 = <121.
= s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c)
 26 + 28 + 30  32
Q s = = 42 cm 17. b Side of the square = = 8 m.
 2  4
This implies that each side has 9 poles.
= 42(42 − 26)(42 − 28)(42 − 30) = 336
Total poles = 9 + 8 + 8 + 7 = 32.
πr 2 22 7 × 7
Area grazed by cows = = × = 77 m2
2 7 2 18. b Side of the square = 484 = 22 cm
Hence, ungrazed area = 336 – 77 = 259 m2. Perimeter of the square = 4 × 22 = 88 cm
Q Perimeter of the circle = 2π × radius = 88 cm
Total dis tan ce ⇒ Radius = 14 cm
11. d Number of rotations =
Circumfere nce of the wheel Area of the circle = π × (14)2
88 × 100000 22
= = 25000. = × 14 × 14 = 616 cm2.
22 7
2× × 56
7
14 cm 3 2
12. d A B 19. c Area of equilateral triangle = a [where a is side
4
7 cm
14 cm of triangle]
E
3 2
∴ a = 121 3
D 4
C
Area of the square of side 14 cm = (14)2 = 196 cm2 ⇒ a = 22 cm.
Area of the field grazed by the cow Perimeter of triangle = 22 × 3 = 66 cm
Perimeter of circle = 2πr
= Area of shaded region = πr2 ×  90°  i.e. 2πr = 66
 360° 
7 21
⇒ r = 66 × = cm
22 1 22 × 2 2
= ×7×7× = 38.5 cm2
7 4 Now area of triangle = πr2.
Percentage of the area grazed by the cow
22 21 21
38.5 = × × = 346.5 cm2.
= × 100 = 19.6% . 7 2 2
196
13. b Perimeter of rectangular wire = 2(10 + 4) = 28 cm 20. a Area of the rectangular garden = 12 × 5 = 60 m2
= Area of the square garden
Perimeter of circular wire = 2πr = 28
∴ Side of the square garden = 60 m
28
⇒ 2r = × 7 ≈ 9 cm.
22 ∴ Diagonal of the square garden = 2 × side
14. b Let the length of the rope be r. = 2 × 60 = 120 = 4 × 30 = 2 30 m.

Horse can graze an area equal to area of the circle of
radius r.
Then, πr2 = 154 ⇒ r = 7 m.

21. b Let d1, d2 be the diagonals of a rhombus. 24. b
A
1
Area = d .d
2 1 2
1
⇒ 150 = × 10 × d2 B C
2
150
⇒ d2 = = 30 cm. Obviously, the triangle ABC will be equilateral.
5 AB = BC = CA = 2 cm.
Area of ∆ABC
22. b 3
= × 2 × 2 = 3 cm2
4
Then, area ‘A’ of the three sectors each of angle 60° in
r a circle of radius 1 cm.
r1 60 π
A = 3× × π ×1=
360 2
∴ Area of the shaded portion
Circumference of outer circle = 2πr = 132 cm
 π
132 =  3 −  cm2 .
⇒r = × 7 = 21 cm  2 
2 × 22
Circumference of inner circle = 2πr1 = 88 cm 25. a A
88
⇒ r1 = × 7 = 14 cm
2 × 22
F E
22
∴ Area of outer circle = πr2 = × 21× 21 = 1386 cm2
7
O
22 B C
& area of inner circle = πr12 =× 14 × 14 = 616 cm2 D
7 Let the side of the equilateral triangle be x cm.
Hence, area of ring = 1386 – 616 = 770 cm2 ∴ ∆ AOB + ∆ BOC + ∆ COA = ∆ ABC
1 1 1 3 2
23. b ⇒ x×3 + ×x×4 + ×x×5 = x
2 2 2 4
A
3 24
⇒6= x⇒x= =8 3
4 3
3
∴ Area of ∆ABC = × side2
B C 4
3
= × 8 3 × 8 3 = 48 3 cm2 .
Radius of each circle = 3.5 cm 4
From the figure, 26. c Area of original rectangle = xy
∆ABC will be an equilateral triangle of side 7 cm each. Area of new rectangle
Now, the required area = 1.25x × 0.80y = xy = original area
= Area of ∆ABC – 3x(Area of a sector of angle 60° in
a circle of radius 3.5 cm)  25 × 20 
∴ Effective change =  25 − 20 −  % = 0%
 100 
3  60 22 
= × (7)2 − 3  × × (3.5)2  Hence, the area of the rectangle remains unchanged.
4  360 7 
49 3  xy 
= − 19.25 27. c Required net effect =  x + y + %
4  100 
= 21.217 – 19.25 Negative sign shows decrease
= 1.967 cm2
 5×2
= 5 − 2 −  % = 2.9% .
 100 

28. d P 1
31. a Area of triangle = × side × height
2
Given that value of area = height
1
∴ × side × h = h
2
⇒ side = 2 units.
32. b Radius of circle = r units

Q S R According to question,
QR = 4.5 cm Area of circle = Circumference of circle
SR = 1.5 cm
∴ QS = 4.5 – 1.5 = 3 cm ⇒ πr 2 = 2πr
1 ⇒ r = 2 units
× h × QS ∴ Area of circle = πr2
∆PQS 2 3
= = = 2 : 1. = 4π sq. units.
∆PSR 1 × h × SR 1.5
2
33. b Ratio of the lengths of sides = 5 : 6 : 7
Sum of ratios = 5 + 6 + 7 = 18
29. c A
5
∴ Sides ⇒ × 54 = 15 metre;
18
6 7
× 54 = 18 metre; × 54 = 21 metre;
A' 18 18
15 + 18 + 21 54
Semi-perimeter, s = = = 27 m
2 2
∴ Area of triangle = s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c)
B B' C = 27(27 − 15)(27 − 18)(27 − 21)
In ∆ABC and ∆A'B'C,
= 27 × 12 × 9 × 6
AB' || AB
∠B' = ∠B, ∠A ' = ∠A = 3×3×3×2×2×3×3×3×2×3
= 3 × 3 × 3 × 2 6 = 54 6 sq. metre.
∴ ∆ABC ~ ∆A 'B'C
By Midpiont theorem
24
1 1 34. b Side of square, with perimeter 24 cm = = 6 cm
A 'B' = AB and B'C = BC 4
2 2
So, area of the square = 62 = 36 cm2
1
∴ Area of ∆A’B’C = × B'C × A 'B' 32
2 Side of square, with perimeter 32 cm = = 8 cm
4
1 1 1 1 1 
= × BC × AB =  × BC × AB  So, area of this square = 82 = 64 cm2
2 2 2 42  Area of new square = 64 + 36 = 100 cm2
1
= × Area of ∆ABC. ∴ Side of the new square = 100 = 10 cm
4 Hence, perimeter of new square = 10 × 4 = 40 cm.
30. a
35. b Let the length = I m and breadth = b m.
∴ 2(l + b) = 28
⇒ I + b = 14 … (i)
4 cm lb = 48 … (ii)
A B
8 cm
Now, (I – b)2 = (I + b)2 – 4lb
= (14)2 – 4 x 48 [From (i) & (ii)]
= 196 – 192 = 4
⇒I–b=2 … (iii)
Diameter = AB = 8 + 4 = 12 units
∴ I = 8, b = 6
12
Radius =
2
= 6 units ∴ Diagonal = 82 + 62 = 10 m.
∴ Area of circle = πr2 = π × 62
= 36π sq. units.

36. c Ratio of sides of triangle 40. c 4 × side = 40 cm
1 1 1 40
= : : = 6:4:3 ⇒ Side = = 10 cm.
2 3 4 4
Now, 6x + 4x + 3x = 52 D 1 0 cm C
⇒ 13x = 52
⇒ x = 4 cm cm
∴ Length of smallest side = 3x = 4 × 3 = 12 cm. 6
O
m
10 c
10 c
37. c A
cm
6
F E
A 1 0 cm B
O Diagonals of a rhombus bisect each other at right
angles.
B D C
2 2
Let ABC be an equilateral triangle of side x cm. ∴ OB = (10) − (6) = 8 cm
∴ Diagonal BD = 8 × 2 = 16 cm.
Also, Let OD = 3 cm,
OE = 2 3 cm and OF = 5 3 cm. 41. b Diameter of the wheel = 3 metres
From the figure, ∴ Circumference = π × diameter
area.∆BOC + area.∆AOC + area.∆AOB = area.∆ABC 22 66
or, = ×3 = metres
7 7
1 1 1 3 2 Since a wheel covers a distance equal to its
⇒ ×x× 3 + ×x×2 3 + ×x×5 3 = x
2 2 2 4 circumference in one revolution, therefore, distance
or, 66
covered in 28 revolutions = 28 × = 264 metres
⇒ x (2 3 + 4 3 + 10 3 ) = 3x 2 7
⇒ x = 2 + 4 + 10 = 16 Now, 264 metres distance is covered in 1 minute.
∴ Perimeter of the triangle = 3x = 3 × 16 = 48 cm. 5280
∴ 5280 metres distance will be covered in =
264
1 1 1 = 20 minutes.
38. c : :
3 4 5
42. a Distance covered in 1 revolution
1 1 1 = Circumference of wheel
= × 60 : × 60 : × 60
3 4 5 22
= 2πr = 2 × × 20 cm
= 20 : 15 : 12 7
∴ 20x + 15x + 12x = 94 Total distance = 176 m = 17600 cm
94 17600
⇒ 47x = 94 ⇒ x = =2 ∴ Number of revolutions = 22
47 2× × 20
∴ The smallest side = 12x 7
= 12 × 2 = 24 cm. 17600 × 7
= = 140 .
2 × 22 × 20
39. d Ratio of the sides of triangle
1 1 1 43. a B
= : :
4 6 8
1 1 1 r2
= × 24 : × 24 : × 24 [LCM of 4, 6, 8 = 24] A
4 6 8
=6:4:3 r1
O
∴ 6x + 4x + 3x = 91
⇒ 13x = 91
91
⇒x= =7
13
∴ Required difference = 6x – 3x = 3x = 3 × 7 = 21 cm. Breadth of road = r2 – r1

⇒ 2πr2 − 2πr1 = 66 72
⇒ 2π r × = 88
⇒ 2π(r2 − r1) = 66 360
66 66 × 7 ⇒ r = 70 m which is the length of the rope.
⇒ r2 − r1 = = = 10.5 metres.
2π 2 × 22
48. c A
44. d Let the radius of circular field be r metre. Then, D
E
2πr 2r 30 πr r 1
− = ⇒ − = F
30 30 60 15 15 2
15 15 O
⇒ πr − r = ⇒ r ( π − 1) = H
G
2 2
B
 22  15 15 15 C
⇒ r − 1 = ⇒r× =
 7  2 7 2 Since E, F, G and H are midpoints of AO, DO, CO and
BO.
7
⇒r = = 3.5 metre.
2 1
∴ By Midpoint theorem EH, EF, FG and GH are of
2
45. c Let the internal radius of the park be r and the external AB, AD, DC and BC respectively.
radius (with the path) be R.
The difference between the internal and external cir- 1
∴ EH + HG + FG + EF = (AB + BC + CD + AD)
cumferences is 132 m. 2
i.e. 2πR − 2πr = 132
1
⇒ 2π(R − r) = 132 ⇒ Perimeter of EFGH = × Perimeter of ABCD
2
132 132 × 7 ∴ Required ratio = 1 : 2.
⇒R−r = = = 21
2π 2 × 22
Hence, the width of path = 21 metres. 49. c Perimeter of equilateral triangle = 3 × side
⇒ 3 × side = 18
46. c 18
⇒ Side = = 6 cm.
3
R
3
∴ Length of median = × side
r 2
3
= × 6 = 3 3 cm.
2
Let the shaded portion be the circular path.
Let the inner radius be r metres. 50. a
∴ Outer radius R = (r + 5) metres. D C
2πR 23 R 23
∴ = ⇒ =
2πr 22 r 22
O
r + 5 23
⇒ = ⇒ 23r = 22r + 110
r 22
⇒ r = 110 metres A B
∴ Diameter = 2 × 110 = 220 metres.
Side of a square
47. a B = AB = 2 a units
∴ AC = Diagonal = 2 × 2a = 2a units
= Diameter (d) of circle
∴ Circumference of circle = π × d
= π × 2a = 2πa units.
7 2°
O A
arc AB = 88 m

Properties of Triangles
1 d 2 c 3 c 4 a 5 d 6 b 7 d 8 c 9 a 10 c
11 d 12 b 13 a 14 b 15 e 16 e 17 d 18 c 19 b 20 d
21 c 22 d 23 d 24 d 25 c 26 d 27 c 28 d 29 b 30 b
31 b 32 b 33 d 34 c 35 c 36 d 37 c 38 a 39 b 40 b
41 c 42 c 43 b 44 a 45 a 46 c 47 c 48 b 49 b 50 a
1. d 2x = 180° – 2y (Interior angles) ⇒ 2x + 2y = 180° ⇒ BD = 0

⇒ x + y = 90° ⇒ The triangle does not exist under the given
In ∆ABC, ∠ ACB + x + y = 180° conditions.
⇒ ∠ ACB = 180° – (x + y) = 90°.
6. b ∠PBA = 180° − 95° = 85°
2. c Assume ∠AFG = a
∠QPR = 180° – (85° + 65°) = 30°
∠ABC = ∠BFE = 128°
(Corresponding angles) ∴ In ∆ PAB, ∠PAB = 180° − (85° + 30°) = 65°
a = 180° – 128° = 52°. Thus, ∆PAB and ∆PRQ are similar.
In ∆AGF, ∠AFG + 20° + x = 180° ⇒ x = 108°.
PQ QR
3. c ∴ =
PB AB
x
Now QR = 1.4 AB
y PQ
1 ∴ = 1.4
PB
2
⇒ PQ = 1.4 × 10 = 14 cm.
∠2 = 90° (Alternate angles), 7. d Since AB = AC, ∠B = ∠C.

∠1 = x (Corresponding angles) In ∆XBC and ∆YBC, BX = CY and ∠XBC = ∠YCB.
∠1 + ∠2 = 3x + 10° BC is the common side.
⇒ x + 90° = 3x + 10°
Hence, ∆XBC and ∆YBC are congruent.
⇒ 2x = 80° ⇒ x = 40°
XC
⇒ y = 180° – ∠1 (Adjacent angles) ∴ XC = YB and = 1.
YB
⇒ y = 180° – 40° = 140°.
4. a Let the side of the square be a. Its diagonal is a 2 . 8. c A B

3 2
Area of the first equilateral triangle = × a2
4 3 E
3
Area of the second equilateral triangle = × (a 2)2 D C
4
Required ratio = 1 : 2. BE : DE = 2 : 3 and AE : EC = 2 : 3 (By property)
5. d Use the formula for the length of median ∆AEB and ∆CED are similar.
(Apollonius theorem) The ratio of the proportional sides is 2 : 3.
⇒ 2(AD)² + 2(BD)² = AB² + AC² Area ( ∆AEB) 4
⇒ 2 × 100 + 2BD² = 200 ∴ = .
Area ( ∆CED ) 9
⇒ BD² = 0

9. a ∆ ADB ~ ∆BDC 13. a Let the sides of the triangle be 3x, 4x and 5x. Then,
5x – 3x = 4 ⇒ x = 2
AD BD ∴ The sides of the triangle = 6 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm
∴ =
BD DC which is a Pythogorean triplet.
⇒ BD2 = AD × DC = 8 × 2 ⇒ BD2 = 16 1
× 6 × 8 = 24 cm2.
∴ Area of the triangle =
2
⇒ BD = 4cm.
A 14. b Since ∆ ABC is similar to ∆DEF,
10. c
BC AB
m
= (Corresponding sides in proportion)

5c
6 cm EF DE
1 5 cm
D E A D
B 1 2 cm C
Since DE || BC, B C E F
∴ ∆ ADE : ∆ ABC 2 cm 4 cm
AD AE DE 2 3
∴ = = ⇒ = ⇒ DE = 6 cm
AB AC BC 4 DE
15 5 BC AC 2 2.5
⇒ AC = 6 × = 18 cm and DE = × 12 = 4 cm. Similarly, = ⇒ =
5 15 EF DF 4 DF
⇒ DF = 5 cm
11. d A DE = 6 cm and DF = 5 cm
∴ The perimeter of ∆DEF = DE + EF + DF
= 6 + 4 + 5 = 15 cm.
D E 15. e ∆ADC ~ ∆AEB

Let x be the length of the side CE.
O
AD AE 14 4 + x
∴ = ⇒ =
AC AB 4 2
B C
∆ODE ~ ∆OCB ⇒ 7 = 4 + x ⇒ x = 3 cm.
Area of ∆ODE DE2 1 16. e A

= =
Area of ∆OBC BC2 4
3 0° G
1
Area of ∆ODE = Area of ∆OBC
4 3 0° 6 0° G
B C
1 1 D
= × Area of ∆ABC
4 3 In ∆ABD,
1 AD = BD
{ Q Area of ∆OBC = of area of ∆ABC }
3 ⇒ ∠ABD = ∠DAB = 30°
1 ∴ ∠ADB = 180° – (∠ABD + ∠DAB) = 120°
= Area of ∆ABC.
12 ⇒ ∠ADC = 180° – ∠ADB = 60°
Let ∠ DAC = ∠ DCA = θ
12. b A
∴ 60° + 2θ = 180° ⇒ θ = 60°.
17. d A B
F E 3 0°
G
C 7 0°
Z
C D E
B D
∠BAC = z
1 [External angle of ∆ABC]
Required area = × 60 = 20 sq.cm. { Q Centroid of a y=x+z
3 ∴ 70 = 30 + z
triangle divides the triangle in three equal areas.} ⇒ z = 40

18. c Sum of the angles of a triangle is 180°. 23. d Let length of one side and the altitude on the hypotenuse
be x and p respectively.
In ∆ABC
∴ 2a + 2b + 30° = 180° M
⇒ 2(a + b) = 150°
p
150°
⇒a+b= = 75°
2 b
p
and in ∆ACD
a + b + d = 180°
O
⇒ d = 180° – 75° = 105°. N x
19. b Let ∠B and ∠C be 3x and 5x respectively. 1

Then, 3x + 5x = 120° (Exterior angle is equal to the Area of ∆ MNO = A = ×b× x
2
sum of the interior opposite angles.)
⇒ 8x = 120° 1
= × p × MO
⇒ x = 15° 2
∴ ∠B = 3 × 15° = 45° and ∠C = 5 × 15° = 75°. 2A 2A

⇒x= and p =
b MO
20. d In ∆ABC, ∠NBA = 135° by exterior angle property. But, (MO)2 = x2 + b2
Since LM || NC
⇒ (MO) = x 2 + b2
∴ ∠x = ∠NBA = 135°.
2
 2A  2
=   +b
21. c A B  b 
=
40 °
2A
Now, p =
=
=
x 2 + b2
E
D C 2A 2A
= =
 2A 
2 1
∠BAE = 40° ⇒ ∠EAD = 90° − 40° = 50° 2 (4 Α2 + b4 )
  +b b2
AB = AE = AD  b 
∴ ∆AED is an isosceles triangle.
2A.b
= .
180° − 50°
∴ ∠AED = ∠ADE = = 65°. b4 + 4A 2
2
22. d A
24. d A
2x
P Q
x
2 0°
B C D B C
CD = CA ∴ ∠CAD = ∠CDA = 20° In ∆ABC, PQ || BC
∠ACB = 40° (exterior angle)
∠ABC = ∠ACB [ Q AB = AC] ⇒ APQ : ABC
∴ ∠ACD = 180° – 40° = 140°
AP PQ 2x 2
⇒ = = = = 2:3
AB BC 3x 3
[Let PB = x ⇒ AB = 3x and AP = 3x – x = 2x]

25. c A 28. d A
D E
O
B C
D
BO is the internal bisector of ∠B B C
∠ODB = 90°; ∠BOD = 15° AD AE 1
= =
AB AC 3
∴∠OBD = 180° − 90° − 15° = 75°
DE 1 15
⇒ ∠ABC = 2 × 75° = 150° . ∴ = ⇒ DE = = 5 cm
BC 3 3
26. d A
29. b A
X
O D
B C P
The point of intersection of internal bisectors of a Y
triangle is called in-centre.
B C
Q
∠A ∠A
∠BOC = 90° + ⇒ 116° = 90° + 1
2 2 PX || BD , PX = BD
2
∠A 1
⇒ = 116 − 90° = 26° QY || BD and QY = BD
2 2
∴ PX : QY = 1: 1
∴∠A = 26 × 2 = 52° .
30. b
27. c A
A
x
P Q
B y z C
B C
E F AP AQ 1
P = =
PB QC 2
x + y + z = 180 QC 2 QC + AQ 3
⇒ = ⇒ =
⇒ y + z = 180 – x = 180 – 100 = 80 AQ 1 AQ 1
∠ EBC and ∠ BCF are ext angles measuring 180 – y, ⇒ AC = 3AQ = 9 cm.
180 – z respectively.
31. b AB + BC = 12
 180 − y  (180 − z)  BC + CA = 14
∴ In ∆BPC, ∠ BPC = 180 –  + 
 2  2  CA + AB = 18
∴ 2(AB + BC + CA)
y + z 80 = 12 + 14 + 18 = 44
= = = 40° .
2 2 ⇒ AB + BC + CA = 22
∴ 2πr = 22
22 7
⇒ 2× × r = 22 ⇒ r = cm.
7 2

A 35. c
32. b A
D E I
B C
70°
B C ∠IBC = = 35°
DE || BC 2
∠ADE = ∠ABC 50°
∠ICB = = 25°
∠AEE = ∠ACB 2
∴ ∆ADE : ∆ABC ∴∠BIC = 180° − 35° − 25° = 180° – 60° = 120°.
W BDEC = 1 36. d
Now, [DE divides ∆ into two equal parts] A
∆ ADE 1
W BDEC = 1: 1
∆ ADE
E F
∆ABC 2 AB2 AB
⇒ = = ⇒ = 2
∆ADE 1 AD2 AD
AB BD B C
⇒ −1= 2 −1 ⇒ = 2 −1 D
AD AD
1
AD 1 ∆DEF = ∆ABC
⇒ = or 1 : 2 −1. 4
BD 2 −1
1
= × 24 = 6 sq. units.
33. d A 4
4
37. c A
D
6
O
B E C
DE || AC B C
∆BDE : ∆BAC D
AO = 2OD
BD BE 6 BE
⇒ = ⇒ = AO 10
DA EC 4 EC ⇒ OD = = = 5 cm.
2 2
⇒ BE : CE = 3 : 2.
34. c A 38. a The sum of angles in a triangle is 180°.
∠ A = 2x°, ∠ B = 3x°, ∠ C = x°
⇒ 2x° + 3x° + x° = 180°
D E ⇒ 6x° = 180°
180
⇒x= = 30
B C 6
AD AB
= ∴ ∠A = 2 × 30° = 60°
AE AC
∠B = 3x × 30° = 90°
∆ADE : ∆ABC
∠C = x = 30° .
1 1
∴ DE = BC = × 12 = 3 cm.
4 4

39. b A DE || BC
∴ ADE : ∆ABC
∆ADE 1 AD2 AB
∴ = = ⇒ = 2
∆ABC 2 AB2 AD
1 20 ° AB AB − AD
−1= 2 −1= = 2 −1
B D AD AD
C
∠ACB = 180° − 120° = 60° BD
AB = BC ⇒ = 2 −1
AD
∴∠ABC = ∠ACB = 60°
∴∠BAC = 60° . BD BD AD 2 −1
∴ = × = .
AB AD AB 2
40. b A
43. b In ∆ABC,
∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180°
∠A + ∠B = 70°
B C ∠B + ∠C = 130°
D
In ∆ABD, ∴ ∠A = (∠A + ∠B + ∠C) − (∠B + ∠C)
AB2 = AD2 + BD2 = 180 – 130 = 50°.
In ∆ADC,
AC2 = AD2 + CD2 44. a 2∠A = 3∠B = 6∠C
∴ AB2 + CD2 = AD2 + BD2 + CD2
= (AD2 + CD2) + BD2 2∠A 3∠B 6∠C
⇒ = =
= AC2 + BD2. 6 6 6
41. c A ∠A ∠B ∠C
⇒ = =
3 2 1
⇒ ∠A : ∠B : ∠C = 3 : 2 : 1
D E
 2  2
∴ ∠B =   × 180° = 6 × 180° = 60°.
 1+ 2 + 3 
B C
AB 2
= 45. a A
AD 1
∆ADE : ∆ABC
AB BC 2 D E
= =
AD DE 1
B C
DE 1
∴ = = 1: 2. DE || BC
BC 2
AD AE
∴ =
42. c A AB AC
AD 3 BD 5 BD 5
= ⇒ = ⇒ +1= +1
BD 5 AD 3 AD 3
D E BD + AD 5 + 3 AB 8 AD 3
⇒ = ⇒ = ⇒ =
AD 3 AD 3 AB 8
AD AE 3 AE
B C ∴ = ⇒ =
X BDEC (Given)
AB AC 8 4
∆ ADE =
3×4
⇒ AE = = 1.5 cm.
⇒ ∆ 2ADE = ∆ ABC 8

46. c A 48. b
A
F E
O
B C B
D C
D
Point ‘O’ is centroid and AD is median. Since sum of 2 sides of a triangle > third side
AD + BD > AB
2
∴ AO = AD AD + DC > AC
3 BE + AE > AB
BE + CE > BC
2 10 × 3
⇒ 10 = AD ⇒ AD = = 15 cm CF + FB > BC
3 2 CF + AF > AC
∴ 2(AD + BE + CF) + (AB + BC + CA) > 2(AB + BC + CA)
1 15 ⇒ 2(AD + BE + CF) > AB + BC + CA
∴ OD = AD = = 5 cm.
3 3
49. b A
47. c A
I
1 20 °
B D
C
B C ∠ CAB = 2 ∠ ABC
In ∆ABC , ∠ ACB + ∠ ACD = 180°
⇒ ∠ ACB + 120° = 180°
∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180°
⇒ ∠ ACB = 180° – 120° = 60°
∴ ∠B + ∠C = 180° − ∠A
∴ ∠ A + ∠ B = 180° – 60° = 120°
1 ∠A ⇒ 2 ∠ B + ∠ B = 120°
∴ (∠B + ∠C) = 90° −
2 2
120°
⇒ ∠B = = 40°
In ∆BIC , 3
∠B ∠C 50. a
+ + ∠BIC = 180° A
2 2
∠A
∴ 90° − + ∠BIC = 180°
2
N
∠A ∠A O
⇒ ∠BIC = 180° − 90° + = 90° +
2 2
B C
∴ X = 90° . D
AD = 27 cm
Centroid = O
1 1
∴ OD = AD = × 27 = 9 cm
3 3
ND = 12 cm
∴ ON = DN – OD = 12 – 9 = 3 cm.

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Quantitative Aptitude – 1 P-1 (BS)

Vedic Maths: Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Squares

QA / Exercise - 1 CEX-5301/P1BS/17 / Page 1

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CEX-5301/P1BS/17 / Page 2 QA / Exercise - 1

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39. b Here, base = 1000 17 13  5 1 6 

QA / Exercise - 1 CEX-5301/P1BS/17 / Page 3

1 19  19 7   60. b Expression

CEX-5301/P1BS/17 / Page 4 QA / Exercise - 1

Vedic Maths : Square Roots, Cubes,

2. a 7+4 3 7. a The number of boys in a row

∴ Square root of 7 + 4 3 = 2 + 3. On being added with the previous term i.e. 2 + 2

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130 130 20. a Number of students in the last row = 1369 = 37

11.40 11.40 (30 + 1)3 = (30 ) + (1) + 3.30.1(30 + 1)

= 100 = 10 27. a 3000 = 3 × 1000 = 3 × 103

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30. a Look at the pattern:

= 3 4×3 5×5×5×5×3×3×900 45. b Here, 3

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= 0.494 i.e, 49.4%. = 0.0347 + 0.9653 = 1

554.36 58. c Expression

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Approximation and VBODMAS

1. b 0.2 + 2 × (0.02)2 – 3 × (0.2)3 6. a 36 ÷ 4 × 8 of 2 + 12 − 2 of 3

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9.5 × 6.8 + 9.5 × 3.2

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Numbers : Properties, Surds and Indices

8. c Since, the difference between the numerator and

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20. d 3.36 − 2.05 + 1.33 11 7 8 14

21. b 8.31 + 0.6 + 0.002 = 8.313131 + 0.666666 + 0.002222 5 − 3 + 10 − 6 5 + 3 − 10 − 6

22. b Let x = 0.423 =

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= 5− 3+ 6+ 3+ 6− 5 58. d LCM of 6, 3, 2 and 4 is 12.

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Numbers: HCF & LCM, Remainders

1. a HCF × LCM = Product of two numbers

3. a 2436 = 22 × 3 × 7 × 29; 1001 = 7 × 11 × 13 and 105

 3 4 5  [HCF (3, 4, 5)] 1

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Numbers : Divisibility, Unit’s Digit Cyclicity

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60(60 + 1) 60 × 61 26. c 571 + 572 + 573

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33. d Product = (727)57 × (621)23 44. d 41 = 4; 42 = 16; 43 = 64; 44 = 256; 45 = 1024

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1. b 28% of 450 + 45% of 280 (iii) 15% of x = 15

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