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MS 814 (2007) (English): PALM OIL - SPECIFICATION

(SECOND REVISION)
MALAYSIAN MS
MS 814:2007
814:2007

STANDARD

PALM OIL - SPECIFICATION

(SECOND REVISION)

les:
ICS: 67.200.10
67.200.10
Descript ors:: palm
Descriptors palm oil
oil,, specification
specification

©
© Copyright 2007

DEPARTMENT OF STANDARDS MALAYSIA

DEVELOPMENT OF MALAYSIAN STANDARDS

The Department of Standards Malaysia (STANDARDS MALAYSIA) is the national

national
standards and accreditation body of Malaysia
Malaysia..

The main function of STANDARDS MALAYSIA is to foster and promote standards,

standards,
standard isation and accreditation as a means of advancing the national economy,
standardisation economy,
promoti ng industrial efficiency and development,
promoting development, benefiting the health and safety of
the public,
public, protecti ng the consumers
protecting consumers,, fa cilitating domestic and international trade and
facilitating
furthering international
international cooperation in relation to standards and standardisation.

Malaysian Standards (MS) are developed through consensus by committees which

comprise ba lanced representation
balanced representation of producers, users,
users, consumers and others with
relevant interests, as may be appropriate to the subject at hand
hand.. To the greatest
extent possible, Malaysian Standards are aligned to or are adoption
adoption of international
standards . Approval of a standard as a Malaysian Standard is governed by the
standards.
Standard s of Malaysia Act 1996 [Act 549]
Standards 549].. Malaysian Standards are reviewed
periodically. The use of Malaysian Standards is voluntary except in so fa
farr as they are
made mandatory by regulatory authorities by means
mea ns of regulations,
regulations, local by-laws or
any other similar ways
ways..

STANDARDS MALAYSIA has appointed SIRIM Berhad as the agent to develop,

distribute and sell the Malaysian Standards.
Standards.

For further information on Malaysian Standards, please contact:

Department of
Department of Standards
Standards Malaysia
Malaysia OR
OR SIRIM Berhad
Ministry of Science
Science,, Technology and Innovation (Company
(Company No.No. 367474
367474 -- V)
V)
Level 1 & 2,
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1, Persiaran Dato' Menteri
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Ehsan Selangor Darul Ehsan
Selangor Darul Ehsan
MALAYSIA MALAYSIA
MALAYSIA

Tel: 60383180002
Tel: 60383180002 Tel: 60355446000
Tel: 60355446000
Fax: 60383 19313
Fax: 60 3 8319 31311 Fax: 60 3
Fax: 60 5510 8095
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http://www.standardsmalaysia.gov.my
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http://www.sirim.my

E-mail: central@standardsmalaysia
E-mail: central@standardsmalaysia.gov.my
.gov.my E-mail: msonline@sirim.my
E-mail: msonline@sirim.my
 MS 814:2007
MS 814:2007

CONTENTS
CONTENTS

Page
Page
Committee representation.....................................................................................................
Committee representation..................................................................................................... iiii
Foreword...............................................................................................................................
Foreword............................................................................................................................... iiiiii

1
1 Scope ......................................................................................................................
Scope ........................................................................................................................

22 Normative references
Normative references..............................................................................................
................................................................................................

33 Definitions ...............................................................................................................
Definitions .............................................................................................................. ...

4
4 Identity characteristics
Identity characteristics .....................
..................... .................................
....... .............................. ....... .............
........... ....................... .....
......... ...... 22
5
5 Quality characteristics
Quality characteristics ......................
...... ............... .......
............. ......... .... ........ .........
....... ........................ ......................
......... .......
.......................... 22
6
6 Hygiene....................................................................................................................
Hygiene.................................................................................................................... 33
7
7 Packaging and
Packaging and labeling............................................................................................
labeling............................................................................................ 44
8
8 Certification..............................................................................................................
Certification. ................................ ..................... ................................................. ....... 44

99 Sampling and
Sampling and testing....................
testing........... ...... ............ ......... .............
..................... .................. ...................
.............. ................... ... .......
.................. 44
10
10 Compliance .............................................................................................................
Compliance .... ........... ......... ......... ......... .... ...... .......... .............. ........................ ......... 44
11
11 Legal requirements
Legal requirements..... ........... ...................... .................... ............................. ...........
.................................................................................................. 55

Tables
Tables

1 Guideline identity
Guideline identity characteristics for palm
characteristics for palm oiL.......
oiL....... ........................
................... ...............................
............ ......... ..... 22
2
2 Quality requirements
Quality for palm
requirements for palm oil
oil products
products ..............................................................
............................................. ................. 33

Bibliography.... ...............
Bibliography.... ........ ............ ...........
............. ......... .........
............ ..................... ...................
........................ .....................
.............. .................
........ ............... .... .... 66

© STANDARDS
© STANDARDS MALAYSIA
MALAYSIA 2007
2007 -- All
All rights
rights reserved
reserved
 MS 814:2007

Committee representation

The Food and Food Products

Products Industry
Industry Standards
Standards Committee
Committee (ISC
(ISC U)
U) under
under whose
whose authority
authority this
this Malaysian
Malaysian Standard
Standard
representatives from
was developed, comprises representatives from the
the following
following organisations:
organisations:

Department of Agriculture

Department of Chemistry Malaysia

Department of Standards Malaysia

Federal Agricultural Marketing Authority

of Malaysian Manufacturers
Federation of

and Development Institute

Malaysian Agricultural Research and Institute

Malaysian Association of Standards Users

Malaysian Institute of Food Technology

Malaysian Palm 011 Association

Malaysian Palm Oil

Oil Board

Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-Based Industry

Ministry of Health Malaysia

Ministry of International Trade and Industry

Technology and Innovation (National

Ministry of Science, Technology (National Biotechnology
Biotechnology Division)
Division)

Unlversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Unlverslti

Universiti Putra Malaysia

Universlti

The Technical Committee on Fats and and Oils which developed this Malaysian
Malaysian Standard
Standard was managed
managed by
by the
the
Malaysian Palm Oil Board in its capacity as an authorised Standards-Writing Organisation and consists of of
representatives from the following organisations:

Kumpulan Guthrie Berhad

Malayan Edible Oil Manufacturers' Association

Malaysian Oleochemical Manufacturers' Group

Malaysian Palm Oil Association

Malaysian Palm Oil Board (Secretariat)

Ministry of Health Malaysia

Palm 011 Refiners Association of Malaysia

SIRIM Berhad

ii © STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2007 - All rights reserved

 MS 814:2007

FOREWORD

This Malaysian Standard was developed by the Technical Committee on Fats and Oils under
the authority of the Food and Food Products Industry Standards Committee. Development of
this standard was carried out by the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) which is the
Standards-Writing Organisation (SWO) appointed by SIRIM Berhad to develop standards for
palm oil products, oil-based food products, oleochemicals, palm kernel products and oil palm-
based products.

This Malaysian Standard is the second revision of MS 814, Specification for palm oil which
was published in 1983 and amended in 1984 and 1994.

The major modifications in this revision are as follows:

"the identity characteristics for palm oil" has been changed to

a) Table 1 which specifies lithe
"guideline identity characteristics for palm oil". In addition, the mean and standard
deviation of the identity characteristics are included.

b) Table 2, which specifies the quality requirements for palm oil product, has been
streamlined with the crude palm oil being categorised into two instead of three categories.

This Malaysian Standard cancels and replaces MS 814:1994,

814: 1994, Specification for palm oi/.
oil.

Compliance with a Malaysian Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal
obligations.

© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2007 - All rights reserved

© iii
 MS 814:2007
MS 814:2007

PALM OIL
PALM OIL -SPECIFICATION
- SPECIFICATION
(SECOND REVISION)
(SECOND REVISION)

1. Scope
1. Scope
This Malaysian
This Malaysian Standard
Standard prescribes
prescribes requirements
requirements for
for crude
crude and
and processed
processed palm
palm oil.
oil.

2. Normative
2. Normative references
references

The following
The following normative
normative references
references are
are indispensable
indispensable for
for the
the application
application of
of this
this standard.
standard. For
For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of of
the normative references (including any amendments) applies.
the normative references (including any amendments) applies.
MS 1231,
MS 1231, Method of sampling
Method of sampling for
for palm
palm oil
oil and
and palm
palm oil
oil products
products

MS 817,
MS 817, Method of test for
Method oftest for palm
palm oil
oil and
and palm
palm oil
oil products related series
products related series

Malaysian Food
Malaysian Food Regulations
Regulations 1985
1985

3. Definitions
3. Definitions
For the
For the purposes
purposes of
of this
this standard,
standard, the
the following
following definitions
definitions apply:
apply:

3.1
3.1 Crude palm
Crude palm oil
oil (CPO)
(CPO)

Crude palm
Crude palm oil
oil is
is the
the oil
oil derived
derived by
by mechanical
mechanical expression
expression from
from the
the fleshy
fleshy pulp
pulp (mesocarp)
(mesocarp) of
of
the fruit
the fruit of
of EJaeis
Elaeis guineensis Jacq.
guineensis Jacq.

3.2
3.2 Neutralised palm
Neutralised palm oil
oil (NPO)
(NPO)

Neutralised palm
Neutralised palm oil
oil is
is obtained
obtained by
by neutralisation
neutralisation of
of crude
crude palm
palm oil
oil with
with alkali.
alkali.

3.3
3.3 Neutralised, bleached
Neutralised, bleached palm
palm oil
oil (NBPO)
(NBPO)

Neutralised, bleached
Neutralised, bleached palm
palm oil
oil is
is obtained
obtained from
from crude
crude palm
palm oil
oil by
by neutralisation
neutralisation with
with alkali
alkali and
and
treatment with
treatment with bleaching
bleaching earth
earth oror activated
activated carbon
carbon or
or both;
both; or
or from
from neutralised
neutralised palm
palm oil
oil by
by
treatment with bleaching earth or activated carbon or both.
treatment with bleaching earth or activated carbon or both.
3.4
3.4 Neutralised, bleached
Neutralised, bleached and
and deodorised
deodorised palm
palm oil
oil (NBD
(NBD palm
palm oil)
oil)

Neutralised, bleached
Neutralised, bleached and
and deodorised
deodorised palm
palm oil
oil is
is obtained
obtained from
from crude
crude or
or semi~refined
semi-refined palm
palm oil
oil
which has been refined by neutralisation with alkali, bleached with bleaching
which has been refined by neutralisation with alkali, bleached with bleaching earth or earth or
activated carbon or both and deodorised by steam.
activated carbon or both and deodorised by steam.
3.5
3.5 Refined, bleached
Refined, bleached and
and deodorised
deodorised palm
palm oil
oil (RBD
(RBD Palm
Palm oil)
oil)

Refined, bleached
Refined, bleached and
and deodorised
deodorised palm
palm oil
oil is
is obtained
obtained from
from crude
crude or
or semi~refined
semi-refined palm
palm oil
oil
which has
which has been
been bleached,
bleached, deodorised
deodorised and
and deacidified
deacidified by
by physical
physical means.
means.

© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2007 - All rights reserved

© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2007 - All rights reserved 1
MS 814:2007
MS 814:2007

4. Identity
4. Identity characteristics
characteristics

The identity
The identity characteristics
characteristics for
for palm
palm oil
oil are
are given
given in
in Table
Table 1.
1. The
The ranges
ranges of
of these
these identity
identity
characteristics are
characteristics are not
not mandatory and are
mandatory and are considered
considered as
as guideline
guideline levels.
levels.

Table 1.
Table 1. Guideline
Guideline identity
identity characteristics for palm
characteristics for oil
palm oil

Identity characteristics Observed range

range Mean Standard
Identity characteristics Observed Mean Standard
deviation
deviation
Apparent density.
density, kgll.
kgll, at 50 ·C
at 50 ·C 0.888 9-
0.888 9- 0.889
0.889 66 0.8892
0.8892 0.0002
0.0002
Apparent
Refractive index, no 50 ·C 1.452 1 -1.454
1.4521 - 1.454 11 1.4533
1.4533 0.0003
0.000 3
Refractive Index. no 50 ·C
Saponification value.
Saponification value, mg KOH/g 011
mg KOH/g oil 194 -205
194-205 199
199 2.4
2.4
Unsaponifiable matter. %
matter, % 0.19 -- 0.44
0.44 0.32
0.32 0.066
0.066
Unsaponifiable 0.19
Fatty acid
Fatty acid composition. (wt %
composition, (wt % as
as methyl
methyl
esters)
esters)
C12: 00
C12; 0.0-
0.0 0.5
- 0.5 0.2
0.2 0.10
0.10
C14: 00
C14; 0.9- 1.5
0.9 - 1.5 1.1
1.1 0.08
0.08
C16: 00
C16; 39.2- 45.8
39.2- 45.8 43.5
43.5 0.95
0.95
C16: 11
C15; 0.0- 0.4
0.0- 0.4 0.2
0.2 0.05
0.05
C18: 00
C18: 3.7 - 5.1
3.7-5.1 4.3
4.3 0.18
0.18
C18: 11
C18; 37.4 -44.1
37.4 -44.1 39.8
39.8 0.94
0.94
C18: 22
C18: 8.7-12.5
8.7-12.5 10.3
10.3 0.56
0.56
C18: 33
C18; 0.0- 0.6
0.0-0.6 0.3
0.3 0.07
0.07
C20: a
C20: 0 0.0 - 0.5
0,0-0.5 0.2
0.2 0.16
0.16
Iodine value
Iodine value (Wijs)
(Wijs) 50.4- 53.7
50.4- 53.7 52.0
52.0 0.66
0.56
Slip melting
melting point.
point, ·C
·C 33.8 -- 39.2
33.8 39.2 36.7
36.7 0.84
0,84
Slip
Total carotenoids
carotenoids (as ~-carotene), mg/kg
(as p-carotene). 474 -689
474 - 689 581
581 45.5
45.5
Total mg/kg

NOTE. The
NOTE. The Identity
identity characteristics
characteristics of
of processed
processed palm
palm oil
oil differ
differ in
in no
no significant
significant ways
ways from
from those
those of
of crude
crude palm
palm oil
oil
with the
with the exception
exception of
of carelenoids.
caretenoids.

5. Quality
5. Quality characteristics
characteristics

5.1
5.1 General characteristics
General characteristics

5.1.1
5.1.1 Colour at
Colour at 50
50 00 C
C to
to 55°
55 0 C
C

The colour
The colour of
of crude
crude or
or neutralised
neutralised palm
palm oil
oil shall
shall be
be bright,
bright, clear
clear and
and orange~red.
orange-red. The
The colour
colour of
of
neutralised, bleached
neutralised, bleached palm
palm oil
oil shall be bright,
shall be bright, clear
clear and
and reddish
reddish yellow
yellow while
while that
that for
for
neutralised/refined, bleached
neutralised/refined, bleached and
and deodorised
deodorised palm oil shall
palm oil shall be
be bright,
bright, clear
clear and
and light
light yellow.
yellow.

5.1.2
5.1.2 Odour
Odour
All palm
All palm oil
oil products
products shall
shall be
be free
free from
from foreign
foreign and
and rancid
rancid odour.
odour.

© STANDARDS 2007 - All

22 © STANDARDS MALAYSIA
MALAYSIA 2007 All rights
rights reserved
reserved
 MS 814:2007
MS 814:2007

Qualityrequire
5.2 Quality
5.2 ments
requirements
rate the following palm oil products:-
5.2.1
5.2.1 Thestandar
The standard shallincorpo
d shall incorporate the following palm oil products:-
quality (SO) and standard quality (STD).
5.2.1.1
5.2.1.1 Crude palmoil
Crudepalm (CPO), special
oil(CPO), special quality (SO) and standard quality (STD).

5.2.1.2
5.2.1.2 Neutralised palm
Neutralised oil(NPO);
palm oil (NPO);
); and
5.2.1.3
5.2.1.3 Neutralised, bleache
Neutralised, d palm
bleached oil (NBPO
palm oil (NBPO); and
ised palm oil/refined, bleached and deodorised
5.2.1.4
5.2.1.4 Neutral ised, bleache
Neutralised, bleached and deodor
d and deodorised palm oilirefined, bleached and deodorised
palm oil
palm oil (NBD/R BD)
(NBD/RBD)
nt as per current trade practice, i.e. at the point
5.2.2 The
5.2.2 The product s, at
products, at the time of
the time of shipme
shipment as per current trade practice, ;.e. at the point
tanks, whethe r ex-refinery, ex-bulking installation,
and time of
and time delivery of
of delivery the oil
of the from sellers'
011 from sellers' tanks, whether ex-refinery, ex-bulking installation.
to the requirements prescribed in Table 2.
or otherwi
or otherwise, as the
se, as case may
the case may be, shall conform
be, shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 2.

Table 2.
Table Quality reqUir
2. Quality
ements for palm oil produc ts
requirements for palm oil products

Product requirem ents

Product requirements

(CPO)
Crude (CPO) Neutralis ed Neutralis ed, Neutralis edl
Crude Neutralised
(NPO) Neutralised,
bleached Neutralised/
refined,
Charact eristics
Characteristics (NPO) bleached refined,and
bleached
(NBPO)
(NBPO) bleached
deodorisand
ed
Special Standard deodorised
Special Standard (NBD/RBD)
(SQ)
quality (SQ) quality (NBD/RBD)
quality quality
grade (STD grade)
grade (STD grade)

5.0 0.25 0.25 0.10

Free (as
acid (as
fatty acid
Free fatly 2.5
2.5 5.0 0.25 0.25 0.10
palmitic), %
palmlllc), %max
max

0.25 0.1 0.10 0.10

Impurities,
and Impurities,
Moisture and
Moisture 0.25
0.25 0.25 0.1 0.10 0.10
%%max
max

-- --
2.0 2.0
Peroxide meq/kg
value, meq/kg
Peroxidevalue, 1.0
1.0 2.0 2.0
max
--
max
4.0 5.0 - 4.0
max
value,max
Anisidinevalue,
4.0 5.0 - 4.0

--
Anisidine 20.0 R 3.0 R
-- -- 20.0R 3.0 R
Colour, 133.35
Colour, mm(5(5y.Y-
133.35mm
max
Lovlbond,max
.-
in)lovlbond,
in) -
2.8
2.8
2.3
2.3 -- -
min
DOBI,min
DOBI,

Hygiene
6.6. Hygiene

shallbe
productshall
Theproduct processedand
beprocessed packagedunder
andpackaged hygienic conditions in licensed premises
underhygieniC
The conditions in licensed premises
imposed by
as imposed by the competent authorities
the competent from time
authoritiesfrom time in accordance with the local
timetototime
as in accordance with the local
governmentby bylaws, publichealth
laws,public legislationand
healthlegislation codes of practice as well as guidelines in
andcodes
government of practice as well as guidelines in
Malaysiawhere
forceininMalaysia
force relevant.
whererelevant.

reserved
rightsreserved 3
MALAYSIA
STANDARDSMALAYSIA
©©STANDARDS 2007
2007 - -AllAllrights 3
MS 814:2007

7. Packaging and labelling

7.1 Packaging

The product shall be supplied in bulk or in rust-free steel drums, or as agreed upon between
the purchaser and the supplier.

7.2. Labelling

7.2.1 The product shall comply with current Malaysian Food Regulations 1985 on labelling.

7.2.2 The package shall be marked legibly and indelibly with the following information:

a) name of the product;

b) weight of the product;

c) producer's name and address or trade-mark;

d) month and year of manufacture and lot identification or code; and

e) country of origin.

8. Certification
B.1
8.1 Each product may, by arrangement with a recognised certification body, be marked
marked with
with
the certification mark of that body, provided the product conforms to the requirements of
of this
this
Malaysian Standard.

8.2 The product may be certified Ha/a/

Halal by a recognised authority.

9. Sampling and testing

Representative samples of the product shall be drawn according to the method prescribed in
MS 1231 and the sample shall be prepared according to MS 817: Part 1. Tests Tests shall
shall be
carried out according to the methods prescribed in the related
related series of MS 817.

10. Compliance
10.1 Upon testing, when each of the samples is found to conform to the the requirements
specified in this standard, the lot, batch or consignment from which the
the samples
samples have
have been
drawn shall be deemed to comply with this Malaysian Standard.

10.2 In this context, the term 'sample' shall be taken to

to include also
also 'composite sample or
or
samples' where appropriate as agreed upon mutually between seller and buyer.

4 © STANDARDS
STANDARDS MALAYSIA
MALAYSIA 2007
2007 -- All
All rights
rights reserved
reserved
 MS 814:2007
MS 814:2007

11. Legal
11. Legal requirements
req uirements

The product,
The product, in in all other
all other aspects,
aspects, shall
shall comply
comply with
with the
the requirements
requirements of
of the
the legislation
legislation
currently in force
currently in force in Malaysia.
in Malaysia.

©
@ STANDARDS MALAYSIA
STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2007
2007 -- All
All rights
rights reserved
reserved
55
MS 814:2007
MS 814:2007

Bibliography
Bibliography
PORIM Crude
PORIM Crude Palm
Palm Oil
Oil Survey
Survey 97/98.
97/98. Quality
Quality and
and Identity
Identity Characteristics.
Characteristics. PORIM
PORIM
Technology No.
Technology No. 22.
22, 2000.
2000.

© STANDARDS
© STANDARDS MALAYSIA
MALAYSIA 2007
2007 -- All
All rights
rights reserved
reserved
66
Acknowledgements
Acknowledgements

Members
Members of
of Technical
Technical Committee
Committee on
on Fats
Fats and Oils

Dato
Dato Dr
Dr Mohd
Mohd Basri
Basri Wahid
Wahid (Chairman)
(Chairman) Malaysian Palm Oil Board

Dato
Dato Dr
Dr Choo
Choo Yuen
Yuen May
May (Co-Chairman)
(Co-Chairman) Malaysian
Malaysian Palm
Palm Oil Board
Board

Dr
Dr Siew
Siew Wai
Wai Lin
Lin (Secretary)
(Secretary) Malaysian
Malaysian Palm Oil Board

Mr
Mr Thong
Thong Pow
Pow Wah
Wah KumpulanGuthrie Berhad

Mr
Mr Low
Low Thingl
Thingl Malayan Edible Oil Manufacturers'
OillVlanufacturers'
MrWong
MrWong Hwa
Hwa Sin
Sin Association
Association

Mr Tan Boon
MrTan Boon Teck!
Teckl Malaysian Oleochemical Manufacturers'
OleochemicallVlanufacturers'
Dr
Dr Yap
Yap Soon
Soon Chee
Chee Group

Ms Ku
Ms Ku Beng
Beng Hong
Hong Malaysian Palm Oil Association

Dr
Dr Ma
Ma Ah
Ah Nganl
Nganl Malaysian Palm
Palm Oil Board
Dr
Dr Chong
Chong Chiew
Chiew Let!
Let!
Dr Tan Yew Ail
Dr Tan Ail
Mr
Mr Tang
Tang Thin Sue/
Suel
Ms
Ms Noraini
Noraini Sudin/
Sudinl
Wang Sao
Mr Wang Soo Khwanl
Dr
Dr Ainie
Ainie Kuntom/
Kuntoml
Ms
Ms Rozita
Rozita Baharuddin
Baharuddin

Ms Zaleena
Ms Zaleena Zainuddin/
Zainuddinl Ministry of Health Malaysia
Ms Roziaton
Ms Roziaton Abdul
Abdul Wahab

Dr Tan
Dr Tan Boon
Boon Keng
Keng Palm Oil Refiners Association of Malaysia

Ms Zainorni Mohd
Ms Mohd Janis SIRIM Berhad

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