Chapter 8: International Law of the Sea

8.1. Sources
1. What are the sources?
8.2 Spatial Partitioning of the sea
8.2.1. Concept of Baseline
2. What is a baseline?
3. Is there an exception to the main rule?
4. What is the purpose of baselines?
5. What is a Straight baseline?
6. Can other state’s vessel pass by the landward side of the straight baseline?
7. Are there conditions for drawing straight baselines?
8. What is a bay?
9. What is an island?
10. What do we mean by ‘human habitation’?
11. Do they generate jurisdictional rights?
12. How about the man-made islands of China? Could they be considered islands for purpose of
international law?
8.2.2. Internal waters and the territorial sea
13. What is internal waters?
14. What is territorial sea?
15. What is the maximum breadth of territorial sea?
16. Can foreign vessels traverse the territorial sea of another state?
17. What are the conditions?
18. What is international strait?
19. Historic Strait?
20. What rule governs navigation through international strait?
8.2.3. The Contiguous Zone
21. What is a contiguous zone?
22. What is the maximum breadth?
24 miles from baseline.
23. What is the purpose of having contiguous zone?
8.2.4. The Exclusive Economic Zone
24. Maximum Breadth?
25. Meaning of being an ‘economic zone’
26. Meaning of ‘exclusive’
27. How about the freedom of navigation of foreign states?
8.2.5. The Continental Shelf
28. What is a Continental Shelf?
29. Are the rights over the continental shelf of a coastal state exclusive?
30. How do we determine the continental shelf?
8.2.6. The Area
31. What is the Area?
32. Can a state acquire the Area or any part thereof?
8.2.7. The High Seas
33. What is the high seas?
34. Who has jurisdiction?
8.2.8. Delimitation of maritime zones
35. How does international law determine when there are overlapping claims to the territorial
sea and contiguous zone?
36. How about overlapping claims over EEZ and continental shelf?
37. What are the approaches established by the ICJ in delimiting maritime zones?
8.3 Conservation of Marine Life
38. What are the obligations of coastal states?
8.4 Protection of the marine environment
8.5 Dispute Settlement in the law of the sea
39. What are the tribunals that has jurisdiction?
Chapter 9: International Human Rights Law
9.1 Sources
1. What are its sources?
9.2 Categories of Human Rights
9.2.1 Civil and Political Rights
2. What are the core principles or value they seek to promote?
9.2.2 Economic and Social Rights
9.2.3 Collective Rights
3. What is Collective Right?
9.3 Enforcement
4. How does the UN enforce the compliance of the states?
9.4 Human Rights Protection in Region
9.4.1 Europe
5. What is the cornerstone of human rights protection in Europe?
6. What procedure do they use?
9.4.2 Americas
American Convention on Human Rights adopted by the Organization of American States
(OAS) in 1969 and which entered into force in 1978.
9.4.3 Africa
Regional human rights protection in Africa centres around the 1981 Banjul Charter on
Human and Peoples’ Rights adopted by the Organisation of African Unity (OAU).
9.5 Territorial scope of HR treaties
6. What principles can apply?
9.6 Human Rights application in times of emergency
7. Does Human Rights cease to exist in times of war?