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Special Report: U.S. rearms to nullify China's -70%

missile supremacy
David Lague
Reuters ● 4 hours ago

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Special Report: U.S. rearms to nullify China's missile supremacy
FILE PHOTO: With the USS-Wasp in the background, U.S. Marines ride an amphibious assault vehicle during
the amphibious landing exercises of the U.S.-Philippines war games promoting bilateral ties at a military camp
in Zambales province

By David Lague

HONG KONG (Reuters) - As Washington and Beijing trade barbs over the coronavirus How China’s Tech Giants Charged Ahead When
Coronavirus Shut Down Cinemas
pandemic, a longer-term struggle between the two Pacific powers is at a turning point,
Variety
as the United States rolls out new weapons and strategy in a bid to close a wide
missile gap with China.

The United States has largely stood by in recent decades as China dramatically
expanded its military firepower. Now, having shed the constraints of a Cold War-era
arms control treaty, the Trump administration is planning to deploy long-range,
ground-launched cruise missiles in the Asia-Pacific region.

The Pentagon intends to arm its Marines with versions of the Tomahawk cruise
missile now carried on U.S. warships, according to the White House budget requests Export Stone Crushers to Philippines
for 2021 and Congressional testimony in March of senior U.S. military commanders. It Kefid Stone Crusher Ad
is also accelerating deliveries of its first new long-range anti-ship missiles in decades.
In a statement to Reuters about the latest U.S. moves, Beijing urged Washington to
"be cautious in word and deed," to "stop moving chess pieces around" the region, and
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to "stop flexing its military muscles around China."

The U.S. moves are aimed at countering China's overwhelming advantage in land-
based cruise and ballistic missiles. The Pentagon also intends to dial back China's
lead in what strategists refer to as the "range war." The People's Liberation Army
(PLA), China's military, has built up a huge force of missiles that mostly outrange ADP: More than 20 million jobs vanished in April
those of the U.S. and its regional allies, according to senior U.S. commanders and Associated Press
strategic advisers to the Pentagon, who have been warning that China holds a clear
advantage in these weapons.

And, in a radical shift in tactics, the Marines will join forces with the U.S. Navy in
attacking an enemy's warships. Small and mobile units of U.S. Marines armed with
anti-ship missiles will become ship killers.

In a conflict, these units will be dispersed at key points in the Western Pacific and
along the so-called first island chain, commanders said. The first island chain is the
string of islands that run from the Japanese archipelago, through Taiwan, the GM earnings top estimates despite coronavirus,
as it sets restart date
Philippines and on to Borneo, enclosing China's coastal seas.
Autoblog
Top U.S. military commanders explained the new tactics to Congress in March in a
series of budget hearings. The commandant of the U.S. Marine Corps, General David
Berger, told the Senate Armed Services Committee on March 5 that small units of
Marines armed with precision missiles could assist the U.S. Navy to gain control of
the seas, particularly in the Western Pacific. "The Tomahawk missile is one of the
tools that is going to allow us to do that," he said.

The Tomahawk - which first gained fame when launched in massed strikes during the
1991 Gulf War - has been carried on U.S. warships and used to attack land targets in 'Smuggled' poems by jailed Chinese-Swedish
recent decades. The Marines would test fire the cruise missile through 2022 with the bookseller published

aim of making it operational the following year, top Pentagon commanders testified. AFP News

At first, a relatively small number of land-based cruise missiles will not change the
balance of power. But such a shift would send a strong political signal that
Washington is preparing to compete with China's massive arsenal, according to
senior U.S. and other Western strategists. Longer term, bigger numbers of these
weapons combined with similar Japanese and Taiwanese missiles would pose a
serious threat to Chinese forces, they say. The biggest immediate threat to the PLA
comes from new, long-range anti-ship missiles now entering service with U.S. Navy
and Air Force strike aircraft. Stone grinding mill, fineness 20-3250 mesh
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"The Americans are coming back strongly," said Ross Babbage, a former senior
Australian government defense official and now a non-resident fellow at the
Washington-based Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, a security
research group. "By 2024 or 2025 there is a serious risk for the PLA that their military
developments will be obsolete."

A Chinese military spokesman, Senior Colonel Wu Qian, warned last October that
Beijing would "not stand by" if Washington deployed land-based, long-range missiles
in the Asia-Pacific region.
U.S. may require masks at airports in changes
China's foreign ministry accused the United States of sticking "to its cold war to limit coronavirus

mentality" and "constantly increasing military deployment" in the region. Reuters

"Recently, the United States has gotten worse, stepping up its pursuit of a so-called
'Indo-Pacific strategy' that seeks to deploy new weapons, including ground-launched
intermediate-range missiles, in the Asia-Pacific region," the ministry said in a
statement to Reuters. "China firmly opposes that."
Pentagon spokesman Lieutenant Colonel Dave Eastburn said he would not comment
on statements by the Chinese government or the PLA.
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U.S. MILITARY UNSHACKLED

While the coronavirus pandemic rages, Beijing has increased its military pressure on
Taiwan and exercises in the South China Sea. In a show of strength, on April 11 the
瓦努阿图护照办理，最快20天批准
Chinese aircraft carrier Liaoning led a flotilla of five other warships into the Western 护照激活使用，新加坡全球护照交流中心行业首推
Pacific through the Miyako Strait to the northeast of Taiwan, according to Taiwan's 真正教会客人，用好用活一本护照，护照配欧盟身份
Defense Ministry. On April 12, the Chinese warships exercised in waters east and
新加坡全球护照交流中心 打开
south of Taiwan, the ministry said.

Meanwhile, the U.S. Navy was forced to tie up the aircraft carrier USS Theodore
Roosevelt at Guam while it battles to contain a coronavirus outbreak among the crew
of the giant warship. However, the U.S. Navy managed to maintain a powerful
presence off the Chinese coast. The guided-missile destroyer USS Barry passed
through the Taiwan Strait twice in April. And the amphibious assault ship USS America
last month exercised in the East China Sea and South China Sea, the U.S. Indo-
Pacific Command said. Scientists say a now-dominant strain of the
coronavirus could be more contagious than
In a series last year, Reuters reported that while the U.S. was distracted by almost original
two decades of war in the Middle East and Afghanistan, the PLA had built a missile LA Times
force designed to attack the aircraft carriers, other surface warships and network of
bases that form the backbone of American power in Asia. Over that period, Chinese
shipyards built the world's biggest navy, which is now capable of dominating the
country's coastal waters and keeping U.S. forces at bay.

The series also revealed that in most categories, China's missiles now rival or
outperform counterparts in the armories of the U.S. alliance.

To read the series, click https://www.reuters.com/investigates/section/china-army

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China derived an advantage because it was not party to a Cold War-era treaty - the Trapped Inside

Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) - that banned the United States and Storyful

Russia from possessing ground-launched ballistic and cruise missiles with ranges
from 500 kilometers to 5,500 kilometers. Unrestrained by the INF pact, China has
deployed about 2,000 of these weapons, according to U.S. and other Western
estimates.

While building up its missile forces on land, the PLA also fitted powerful, long-range
anti-ship missiles to its warships and strike aircraft.

This accumulated firepower has shifted the regional balance of power in China's
Pandemic boosts Palestinian PM as potential
favor. The United States, long the dominant military power in Asia, can no longer be Abbas successor
confident of victory in a military clash in waters off the Chinese coast, according to Reuters
senior retired U.S. military officers.

But the decision by President Donald Trump last year to exit the INF treaty has given
American military planners new leeway. Almost immediately after withdrawing from
the pact on August 2, the administration signaled it would respond to China's missile
force. The next day, U.S. Secretary for Defense Mark Esper said he would like to see
ground-based missiles deployed in Asia within months, but he acknowledged it would
take longer.
Coronavirus: Doctor who treated first US patient
Later that month, the Pentagon tested a ground-launched Tomahawk cruise missile. In
says new remdesivir study shows ‘promising’
December, it tested a ground-launched ballistic missile. The INF treaty banned such early result
ground-launched weapons, and thus both tests would have been forbidden. South China Morning Post

A senior Marines commander, Lieutenant General Eric Smith, told the Senate Armed
Services Committee on March 11 that the Pentagon leadership had instructed the
Marines to field a ground-launched cruise missile "very quickly."

The budget documents show that the Marines have requested $125 million to buy 48 Nana Mail
Tomahawk missiles from next year. The Tomahawk has a range of 1,600km,
according to its manufacturer, Raytheon Company.
Broadcaster shutdown crosses dangerous line
Smith said the cruise missile may not ultimately prove to be the most suitable weapon for Philippines
for the Marines. "It may be a little too heavy for us," he told the Senate Armed AFP News
Services Committee, but experience gained from the tests could be transferred to the
army.

Smith also said the Marines had successfully tested a new shorter-range anti-ship
weapon, the Naval Strike Missile, from a ground launcher and would conduct another
test in June. He said if that test was successful, the Marines intended to order 36 of
these missiles in 2022. The U.S. Army is also testing a new long-range, land-based
missile that can target warships. This missile would have been prohibited under the
INF treaty.
瓦努阿图护照办理，最快20天批准
The Marine Corps said in a statement it was evaluating the Naval Strike Missile to 护照激活使用，新加坡全球护照交流中心行业首推
真正教会客人，用好用活一本护照，护照配欧盟身份
target ships and the Tomahawk for attacking targets on land. Eventually, the Marines 新加坡全球护照交流中心 打开
aimed to field a system "that could engage long-range moving targets either on land
or sea," the statement said.

The Defense Department also has research underway on new, long-range strike
weapons, with a budget request of $3.2 billion for hypersonic technology, mostly for
missiles.

China's foreign ministry drew a distinction between the PLA's arsenal of missiles and
the planned U.S. deployment. It said China's missiles were "located in its territory,
especially short and medium-range missiles, which cannot reach the mainland of the
United States. This is fundamentally different from the U.S., which is vigorously
pushing forward deployment."

BOTTLING UP CHINA'S NAVY

Military strategists James Holmes and Toshi Yoshihara suggested almost a decade
ago that the first island chain was a natural barrier that could be exploited by the
American military to counter the Chinese naval build-up. Ground-based anti-ship
missiles could command key passages through the island chain into the Western
Pacific as part of a strategy to keep the rapidly expanding Chinese navy bottled up,
they suggested.

In embracing this strategy, Washington is attempting to turn Chinese tactics back on

the PLA. Senior U.S. commanders have warned that China's land-based cruise and
ballistic missiles would make it difficult for U.S. and allied navies to operate near
China's coastal waters.

But deploying ground-based U.S. and allied missiles in the island chain would pose a
similar threat to Chinese warships - to vessels operating in the South China Sea, East
China Sea and Yellow Sea, or ships attempting to break out into the Western Pacific.
Japan and Taiwan have already deployed ground-based anti-ship missiles for this
purpose.

"We need to be able to plug up the straits," said Holmes, a professor at the U.S.
Naval War College. "We can, in effect, ask them if they want Taiwan or the Senkakus
badly enough to see their economy and armed forces cut off from the Western Pacific
and Indian Ocean. In all likelihood the answer will be no."

Holmes was referring to the uninhabited group of isles in the East China Sea - known
as the Senkaku islands in Japan and the Diaoyu islands in China - that are claimed by
both Tokyo and Beijing.

The United States faces challenges in plugging the first island chain. Philippines Nana Mail
President Rodrigo Duterte's decision to distance himself from the United States and
forge closer ties with China is a potential obstacle to American plans. U.S. forces
could face barriers to operating from strategically important islands in the Philippines
archipelago after Duterte in February scrapped a key security agreement with
Washington.

And if U.S. forces do deploy in the first island chain with anti-ship missiles, some U.S.
strategists believe this won't be decisive, as the Marines would be vulnerable to
strikes from the Chinese military.

The United States has other counterweights. The firepower of long-range U.S. Air
Force bombers could pose a bigger threat to Chinese forces than the Marines, the
strategists said. Particularly effective, they said, could be the stealthy B-21 bomber,
which is due to enter service in the middle of this decade, armed with long-range
missiles.

The Pentagon is already moving to boost the firepower of its existing strike aircraft in
Asia. U.S. Navy Super Hornet jets and Air Force B-1 bombers are now being armed
with early deliveries of Lockheed Martin's new Long Range Anti-Ship Missile,
according to the budget request documents. The new missile is being deployed in
response to an "urgent operational need" for the U.S. Pacific Command, the
documents explain.

The new missile carries a 450 kilogram warhead and is capable of "semi-
autonomous" targeting, giving it some ability to steer itself, according to the budget
request. Details of the stealthy cruise missile's range are classified. But U.S. and
other Western military officials estimate it can strike targets at distances greater than
800 kilometers.

The budget documents show the Pentagon is seeking $224 million to order another
53 of these missiles in 2021. The U.S. Navy and Air Force expect to have more than
400 of them in service by 2025, according to orders projected in the documents.

This new anti-ship missile is derived from an existing Lockheed long-range, land
attack weapon, the Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile. The Pentagon is asking for
$577 million next year to order another 400 of these land-attack missiles.

"The U.S. and allied focus on long-range land-attack and anti-ship cruise missiles was
the quickest way to rebuild long-range conventional firepower in the Western Pacific
region," said Robert Haddick, a former U.S. Marine Corps officer and now a visiting
senior fellow at the Mitchell Institute for Aerospace Studies based in Arlington,
Virginia.

For the U.S. Navy in Asia, Super Hornet jets operating from aircraft carriers and
armed with the new anti-ship missile would deliver a major boost in firepower while
allowing the expensive warships to operate further away from potential threats, U.S.
and other Western military officials say.

Current and retired U.S. Navy officers have been urging the Pentagon to equip
American warships with longer-range anti-ship missiles that would allow them to
compete with the latest, heavily armed Chinese cruisers, destroyers and frigates.
Lockheed has said it successfully test-fired one of the new Long Range Anti-Ship
Missiles from the type of launcher used on U.S. and allied warships.

Haddick, one of the first to draw attention to China's firepower advantage in his 2014
book, "Fire on the Water," said the threat from Chinese missiles had galvanized the
Pentagon with new strategic thinking and budgets now directed at preparing for high-
technology conflict with powerful nations like China.
Haddick said the new missiles were critical to the defensive plans of America and its
allies in the Western Pacific. The gap won't close immediately, but firepower would
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gradually improve, Haddick said. "This is especially true during the next half-decade
and more, as successor hypersonic and other classified munition designs complete
their long periods of development, testing, production, and deployment," he said.

(Additional reporting by the Beijing newsroom. Edited by Peter Hirschberg.)

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