Study presentation

Electricity and inventions

 Electricity
Electricity studies the presence of stationary or moving charged
particles, such as electrons and protons.
An atom is made up of:

Nucleus: is made up of protons and neutrons

Subatomic particles
Protons: positive electric charge

Neutrons: no electric charge

Electrons: negative electric charge

 Electricity
Subatomic particles
Protons: positive electric charge
Neutrons: no electric charge
Electrons: negative electric charge

Equal number of protons and electrons  electrically neutral.

Unequal number of protons and electrons  electrically charged.

+ protons  + electrons 
positively charged negatively charged
 Electricity
Static electricity is the movement of electrons between two
materials.

Rubbing the balloon causes the

electrons to move from the hair
to the balloon.
The balloon becomes negatively
charged and the hair becomes
positively charged.
They attract so your hair stands
on end.
 Electric current
Electric current is the movement,
or flow, of electrons between
atoms.

What are electrical conductors?

Some types of matter have electrons that move easily from one
atom to another. We call these electrical conductors, because
electricity can flow easily through them.
 Electric circuits
What are the different types of circuits?

Simple circuit Series circuit Parallel circuit

An electric circuit is a closed loop or circle.

Electricity will only flow if the circuit is closed.
Electric circuits can be found in every machine that uses electricity.
 Electric circuits
How do we represent electrical circuits?

Switch on Light bulb Wire

Battery Switch off

How electricity is used

Electricity is generated in power stations.

From the power station, the electricity
travels along big cables to our homes.
At the place where electricity enters our
house, there is a fuse box.
From the fuse box, the electricity travels
through wires to all the light switches.
 How electricity is used

Before scientists discovered how to use

electricity, people used candles or gas to
light their homes. They cooked and
heated water over a fire.
 Electricity in nature

When lots of electric charges have built up inside a cloud, they

produce a lightning between them.
We use lightning rods to help protect from lightning damage.
 Thomas Edison

Light bulb Phonograph Kinetoscope

Thomas Edison was an American inventor.

He invented three important objects.
What have we learn?

The three types of

circuits are...

Simple Series Parallel

circuit circuit circuit
What have we learn?

Thomas Edison invented...

Phonograph Light bulb Kinetoscope