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Achievement Test
Achievement Test
Achievement test is tool for teachers for evaluation of students in school situation. With the
help of achievement test we can measure the amount of success of an individual in specific
field. In school environment it is used as an instrument to measure success of an individual in
particular subject or group of subjects. It gives the knowledge about what an individual
acquire by testing his abilities.
Definitions
Achievement test is the tool which helps in measures the capacities and capabilities of an
individual. It is also helpful in upgrading the standard of education in an energetic way so
that the individual can see with their own eyes that what they achieve by their past learning.
Some of the definitions of achievement test are given below.
According to Waters, “Achievement test act as useful aids in diagnosing the student’s
specific learning needs for identifying his relative strengths and weaknesses”.
According to Super, “An achievement test or proficiency test is used to ascertain what and
how much has been learnt or how well a task can performed”.
According to Free Man, “Achievement test is a test designed to measure knowledge,
understanding and skills in a specified subject or a group of subjects”.
According to N.M. Downie, “Any test that measures the attainments or accomplishments of
an individual after period of training or learning is called achievement test. It helps to
permute the student to next class.”
Construction: For constructing achievement test in any school subject. Following two
question are gives a way to construct the achievement test.
a. What to measure?
b. How to measure?
a. What to measure involves certain objectives in view that enables to bring accepted changes
in the students behavior when we teach.
b. How to measure involves how to construct an instrument that measures the abilities of
students.
Standardization: Standardization is the process of high qualities and deep understanding of
subject matter. Standardization test specifies the directions for administrating and scoring the
test on different groups of individuals like whom that the test is designed. Standard content
develops the procedure for identical test on individuals in different places and at different
times.
6. Establishment of
a. Reliability
b. Validity
c. Norms
Description of all above steps is described below briefly.
1. Planning the test: Planning of achievement test will be carried out with the help of two
steps.
With the completion of blueprint the remaining decisions of the design will become the basis
for writing the items.
a. Item writing: It is important step in preliminary draft and here blue print is used as a guide
writing this draft. Test conductor should have following points in mind when he writes items
for preliminary draft.
i. Each item contains single idea.
ii. Questions should be clear.
iii. Simple and easy to understand.
iv. Double barreled question should be avoided.
v. Arrangement of items should be from simple to complex.
vi. Subjective question should also be avoided.
b. Item editing: Then the item should be edited and reviewed by language teacher and also by
experts of measurement. Language teacher will check the errors in language and defect in
words. By removing defects it is submitting to experts. Experts of measurement measure the
level of achievement of items.
c. Pre try out: The draft is modified and remove the shortcomings of preliminary draft. In
this stage constructer is confident for the usability of test.