Samarth Mohan (2016EE30516)

Aman Singh (2016EE30515)

Akhil Kajla (2016EE30510)
Siddharth Kumar (2016EE30509)
Chandrashekhar Bishnoi (2016EE30508)

Performance Study of a DC Shunt Motor during

Braking Operation

OBJECTIVE:
● Performance study and measurement of a DC shunt motor during braking
operation with the following methods (a)Dynamic braking and (b)
Plugging (reverse current braking).
● Conduct suitable tests to get the parameters of the DC machine.
● Simulate the braking performance of the DC shunt motor in a digital
computer.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:
DC Shunt motor, Braking Resistance, Ammeter, Voltmeter, Multi-meter,
Tachometer, Rectifier, Single phase auto-transformer, Stopwatch, DPDT
Switch, Rheostat

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
● Dynamic Braking:
 ● Plugging:

● Swinburne’s Test:

● Armature Resistance & Inductance:

OBSERVATIONS:
● Dynamic Braking:
​ Initial Speed of the Motor​ = 860 rpm
 S. NO. Braking Braking Peak
Resistance Time Armature
Current
1 525 17 0.34
2 325 25 0.35
3 156 31 0.46

● Plugging:
​ Initial Speed of the Motor​ = 860 rpm
​Braking Resistance​ = 180 Ω

S. No. Plugging Braking Peak EMF

Voltage Time Armature
Current
1 405 9.79 0.92 200
2 368 12.8 0.87 163
3 340 15.69 0.80 135

● Swinburne’s Test:

S. No. V I Va Ia Speed
1 205 1.3 200 0.85 870
 ● Retardation Test:
Time taken by motor to stop completely with field winding
ON ​= 34 sec

● Armature and Field parameters:

S No. Va Ia
1 158 13

Armature Resistance Ra​ = 6 Ω

Field Resistance Rf​ = 489 Ω

Calculations:
1. Constant Loss of DC Motor in Swinburne’s test
I = 1.3 A, V = 205, Ia = 0.85, Ra = 6 Ω
Constant Loss = (Iron Loss + Mechanical Loss) in DC Motor
which is given by the following equation :-
Loss ​= VI - Ia​2​Ra = 205*1.3 - 0.85​2​*6 = ​262.165 W

2. Inertia of rotor
Torque=Power/speed
T=Loss/speed=262.165/90.05=2.911 Nm
T​L​=Jdw/dt
2.911=J*(90.05-0)/(34)=J*2.6485
J=1.099 kg-m​2

3. Armature inductance
Z=V​a​/I​a​=12.15 ohm
X​a​=(Z​2​-R​a​2​)​½​=10.569 ohm
L​a​=X​a​/(2*pi*f)=0.0336 H
Quiz:
1. Which is the most energy efficient method of braking and why?
Ans. ​The most energy efficient method for breaking is regenerative braking because
in this method we convert the kinetic energy of motor to electrical energy and we
return that energy to supply.
2. Why should plugging be done with a large external resistance
connected in series with the armature?
Ans. ​Because in plugging we reverse the direction of supply in motor but the motor
continues to rotate in the same direction, So the total voltage across the resistance
is very high approx double, So in this method if don’t add external resistance the
current is extremely high that can damage the motor.
In plugging
I=(E​b​+V)/(R​a​+R​ext​)

3. Can dynamic braking be implemented in a series motor drive? Explain.

Ans. ​The field excitation become zero as we disconnect the armature from mains
and hence back emf also vanishes. So, in the same manner what we did for shunt
motor dynamic braking can’t be possible. If we want to do dynamic braking we have
to isolate the field and connected with low voltage source, now the machine will work
like a separately excited dc motor.
4. Can series motor be braked by regenerative braking? Why
Ans.​ In case of DC Series motor, as the speed of Motor increases, the armature current and
hence the field flux will decrease and therefore Back emf E can never be greater than the
supply voltage V. Therefore, Regenerative Braking is not possible in DC Series Motor.