Muslim Empires

 Standard 7.2.4

 Objective:
To learn how the Muslim culture spread and the
impact it had on the world.
 Powerful empires
• Muslims ruled several powerful empires
– Ottoman
– Safavid
– Mughal
 Who were the Ottomans?
• Muslim Turkish warriors
• Controlled much of Europe, Asia and N.
Africa
How did they become powerful?
• CONQUEST!
– Fought w/ Christians over land & won
– Used conquered people in armies
– Used technology from other cultures
• Gunpowder from China
 Vocabulary Check!
What were the slave soldiers called in the
Ottoman Empire?
 The Fall of Constantinople
• The Ottoman Turks overtook Constantinople
– Byzantine Capital
– Mehmed II the “Conqueror”

Mehmed II

Fall of Constantinople
 Vocabulary Check!
What was an Ottoman ruler called?
Hint! Hint! Jafar
wanted to become this!!!
 The Ottoman’s continue to
conquer…
• Sultans after Mehmad II continued to work to
conquer lands and spread ideas
• Took over the rest of the Muslim empire and
became accepted by Mecca and Medina
which were…
 The Ottoman empire @ it’s
largest!
Reached under the rule of Suleyman I “the
Magnificent”
• controlled the Mediterranean & parts of
Europe
• Cultural peak = beautiful writings and
architecture created
Ottoman Government & Society
• Sultan created laws and made decisions for
the empire
– Most based on Shariah, but some created by
Sultan
 Ottoman Society Divided
• Two classes
– Ruling class
– “common class”
 Ottomans & Women’s Rights
• Limited rights for women
– Especially those in the ruling class
– Women kept in harems in order to keep them
from public life
– Some were still able to own property or businesses
 Vocabulary Check!
What is the term for women who lived apart
from men in an area of a household?
 Checking for understanding!
How did the Ottomans gain land for their
empire?

Through military conquest.

 The Safavid Empire
• Came together as the Ottoman Empire got
to its largest
• Persian Muslims
• Conflicted with Ottomans and other Muslims
 Why did they not get along?
Who should be caliph?

Shia Sunni
believed only believed anyone
members of could be caliph as
Muhammad‟s family long as they were
could become caliph good Muslims
& strong leaders
 Safavid Empire
• Conquered Persia
• Only shia should be rulers
• Wanted to convert all Muslims to shiism
– F.Y.I. Ottomans were Sunni
 What did the Safavids do as
rulers?
• Blended Persian & Muslim traditions
• Created beautiful architecture and goods
– Brought wealth to the empire
• Who were examples of Safavid rulers?
– Esma‟il
– „Abbas
 The Mughal Empire
• Mughals were Muslims which lived in India
• Left a cultural heritage known for poetry and
architecture
• Famous emperor = Akbar
– Was VERY tolerant of others
– Peaceful
 Cultural Achievements
• Muslims and Hindus
lived together
peacefully
• Writing done in Indian
languages: Hindu and
Urdu
• Famous architecture =
the Taj Mahal
Copy this organizer into your
notebooks!

Ottoman Safavid Mughal

Leader

Location

Religious
policy
 Ottoman Empire

Ottoman Safavid Mughal

Leader • Mehmed II
• Suleyman I

Location • mainly
eastern
Europe
Religious • pretty
policy tolerant
 Safavid Empire
Ottoman Safavid Mughal
Leader • Esma’il
• ‘Abbas

Location • Persia

Religious • Shia
policy
 Mughal Empire
Ottoman Safavid Mughal
Leader • Akbar

Location • India

Religious • tolerant
policy