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Practical Handbook of
Microbiology
Adrian Radco

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CRC Press
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© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Practical handbook of microbiology / editors, Emanuel Goldman and Lorrence H. Green. -- 2nd ed.
p. ; cm.
“A CRC title.”
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-8493-9365-5 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Microbiology--Handbooks, manuals, etc. I.
Goldman, Emanuel. II. Green, Lorrence H. III. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Microbiology. QW 52 P895 2008]

QR72.5.P73 2008
579--dc22 2008011858

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Dedication

To
Rosalind and Susan Green, Emily and Adrian King,
Michele and Matthew and Jordan Green.

Lorrence H. Green

To the memory of Salvador Luria .

Emanuel Goldman

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Contents
Preface...............................................................................................................................................xi
Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................................... xiii
Editors ..............................................................................................................................................xv
Contributors ...................................................................................................................................xvii

PART I PRACTICAL INFORMATION AND PROCEDURES

FOR BACTERIOLOGY
Chapter 1 Sterilization, Disinfection, and Antisepsis ...................................................................3
Judith A. Challis

Chapter 2 Quantitation of Microorganisms ................................................................................ 11

Peter S. Lee

Chapter 3 Culturing and Preserving Microorganisms ................................................................ 31

Lorrence H. Green

Chapter 4 Stains for Light Microscopy .......................................................................................37

Stuart Chaskes

Chapter 5 Identification of Gram-Positive Organisms ................................................................ 53

Peter M. Colaninno

Chapter 6 Identification of Aerobic Gram-Negative Bacteria ....................................................67

Donna J. Kohlerschmidt, Kimberlee A. Musser, and Nellie B. Dumas

Chapter 7 Plaque Assay for Bacteriophage................................................................................. 81

Emanuel Goldman

Chapter 8 Phage Identification of Bacteria .................................................................................85

Catherine E.D. Rees and Martin J. Loessner

Chapter 9 Phage Display and Selection of Protein Ligands ..................................................... 101

Wlodek Mandecki and Emanuel Goldman

Chapter 10 Diagnostic Medical Microbiology............................................................................ 117

Lorrence H. Green

vii

viii Practical Handbook of Microbiology, Second Edition

Chapter 11 Mechanisms of Action of Antimicrobial Agents ..................................................... 131

Carmen E. DeMarco and Stephen A. Lerner

Chapter 12 Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing .............................................................................. 149

Audrey Wanger

Chapter 13 Bacterial Cell Wall: Morphology and Biochemistry ................................................159

Maxim Suvorov, Jed F. Fisher, and Shahriar Mobashery

Chapter 14 Bacterial Cell Breakage or Lysis .............................................................................. 191

Matthew E. Bahamonde

Chapter 15 Major Culture Collections and Sources ...................................................................199

Lorrence H. Green

Chapter 16 Epidemiological Methods in Microbiology..............................................................201

D. Ashley Robinson

PART II INFORMATION ON INDIVIDUAL GENUS AND

SPECIES, AND OTHER TOPICS
Chapter 17 The Family Enterobacteriaceae................................................................................ 217
J. Michael Janda and Sharon L. Abbott

Chapter 18 The Genus Pseudomonas ......................................................................................... 231

Norberto J. Palleroni

Chapter 19 The Family Neisseriaceae ........................................................................................243

Yvonne A. Lue

Chapter 20 Microbiological and Clinical Aspects of the Pathogenic Spirochetes .....................249

Charles S. Pavia

Chapter 21 The Genus Vibrio and Related Genera ....................................................................267

Rita R. Colwell and Jongsik Chun

Chapter 22 Staphylococcus aureus and Related Staphylococci ................................................. 275

Olaf Schneewind and Dominique Missiakas

Chapter 23 The Genus Streptococcus .........................................................................................295

Vincent A. Fischetti and Patricia Ryan

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Contents ix

Chapter 24 The Genus Bacillus ..................................................................................................309

Daniel R. Zeigler and John B. Perkins

Chapter 25 The Genus Clostridium ............................................................................................ 339

Peter Dürre

Chapter 26 The Genus Corynebacterium ................................................................................... 355

Lothar Eggeling and Michael Bott

Chapter 27 The Actinobacteria ................................................................................................... 375

Alan C. Ward and Nagamani Bora

Chapter 28 The Family Rickettsiaceae .......................................................................................445

Abdu F. Azad, Magda Beier-Sexton, and Joseph J. Gillespie

Chapter 29 Chlamydia ................................................................................................................ 457

Lourdes G. Bahamonde

Chapter 30 Mycoplasma and Related Organisms .......................................................................467

Meghan May, Robert F. Whitcomb, and Daniel R. Brown

Chapter 31 The Genus Mycobacteria .........................................................................................493

Vincent J. LaBombardi

Chapter 32 The Genus Legionella ..............................................................................................505

Eva M. Campodonico and Craig R. Roy

Chapter 33 The Genus Haemophilus .......................................................................................... 519

Elisabeth E. Adderson

Chapter 34 The Genus Listeria ................................................................................................... 533

Sukhadeo Barbuddhe, Torsten Hain, and Trinad Chakraborty

Chapter 35 The Genus Campylobacter ......................................................................................563

Collette Fitzgerald, Jean Whichard, and Patricia I. Fields

Chapter 36 The Genus Helicobacter ..........................................................................................579

Ernestine M. Vellozzi and Edmund R. Giugliano

Chapter 37 The Genus Yersinia ..................................................................................................603

Susan E. Sharp