ENTEROBACTERIACEAE

PRESENTED BY
AKINWANDE BABAFEMI DAMILARE.
MCB/2016/073

SEMINAR SUPERVISOR
DR. J. OMOLOLU-ASO

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OUTLINE OF THIS PRESENTATION
• INTRODUCTION TO THE FAMILY ENTEROBACTERIACEAE

• CHARACTERS OF ENTEROBACTERIACEAE

• THE GENERA OF THE ENTEROBACTERIACEAE

• BIOCHEMICAL TESTS FOR ENTEROBACTERIACEAE

• ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN ENTEROBACTERIACEAE

• CONCLUSION

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INTRODUCTION TO THE FAMILY
ENTEROBACTERIACEAE
• Enterobacteriaceae family contains a large number of genera that are
biochemically and genetically related to one another.

• They are non-sporing, Non-acid fast, Gram negative bacilli

• They are commonly present in the large intestine

• Some are pathogenic (E. coli, Shigella, Yersinia, Salmonella) while

others exist as commensal and opportunistic organisms

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 CHARACTERS OF ENTEROBACTERIACEAE
• All Enterobacteriaceae
 Gram-negative rods
 Ferment glucose with acid production
 Reduce nitrates to nitrites
 Oxidase negative

• They are facultative anaerobes

• They are motile except Shigella and Klebsiella
• Non-capsulated except Klebsiella
• Non-fastidious
• Grow on bile containing media (MacConkey
agar)
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THE GENERA OF THE ENTEROBACTERIACEAE
• There are more than 15 different genera. A number of them include:

 Escherichia  Hafnia

 Shigella  Serratia

 Edwardsiella  Proteus

 Salmonella  Providencia

 Citrobacter  Morganella

 Klebsiella  Yersinnia

 Enterobacter  Pectinobacterium

 Erwinia
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 IDENTIFICATION OF ENTEROBACTERIACEAE
BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS

• 1. Oxidase test—all members are negative

except Pseudomonas

• 2. O/F test—all members are O+/F+; except

Pseudomonas

• 3. Nitrate reductase—all members are nitrate

reductase positive except Pseudomonas

• 4. Urease test—which differentiates Proteus

from other non-lactose fermenting members
of the enterobacteriaceae family.
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 ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN ENTEROBACTERIACEAE

• The emergence and rapid spread of multi-

drug resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae is
one of the most challenging problems we are
currently faced with.
• Factors which contribute antibiotic resistance
pattern in enterobacteriaceae include
Their complex cell wall structure
 Excessive antibiotic use
 Their unique ability to mutate and
rapidly adapt
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CONCLUSION
• The family Enterobacteriaceae are a large number of species included
in the family. In diagnostic clinical microbiology laboratories, it is
usual to attempt identification by use of biochemical tests. Because of
the large number of species involved, further studies are recommended
which will concentrate on the most common genera and species
isolated from clinical specimens.

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