FVB 31403

VEHICLE CHASSIS 2

ASSIGNMENT 2

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This assessment will evaluate the attainment of: PLO Marks

Describe the layout and construction of EVA system, EBD
CLO 1 system, ESP, Electrical power steering and electronic control 1
suspension.
Total

ESP (ELECTRONIC STABILITY PROGRAMME):

1. Explain what is meant by ESP.

 Electronic Stability Program (ESP) is a system that connected to braking system to detect and
avoid skidding from happening. ESP is often referred to as either an Electronic Stability
System (ESP) or a Dynamic Stability Control (DSC) which is the same. This is a computerized
technology, which improves the stability of a vehicle by sensing and reducing traction loss.

 Once ESP senses loss of steering control or skidding, the system will automatically apply the
brakes to help steer the vehicle and stabilize it back to allow the driver to recover vehicle
control. Braking is typically applied individually to wheels, such as the front wheel to avoid
oversteer, or the rear inner wheel to avoid understeer.

 Some ESP systems also reduce or cut engine power until control is regained. ESP does not
improve a vehicle's cornering performance but instead, it helps to minimize the loss of
control and make the vehicle has more handling and nimble.

2. Lists down the various parts and sensors for ESP system and sketch a diagram the location of the
components.
Draw the diagram OR paste your diagram here.
Answer:
1.The hydraulic group with control
device.

2.The wheel speed sensors.

3.Interface to drive train

management

4.The steering wheel direction

position sensor.

5.The yaw or skidding sensor.

6.The motor control unit ECU.

7.The ESP switch.

8.Vacuum booster

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3. Explained, why wheel sensor is very important to this system.
Draw the diagram OR paste your diagram here if necessary.
Answer:
 The wheel sensor is very important to the ESP system as it is one of the key inputs to the
control unit which uses wheel-speed sensor signals to measure wheel speed. Then, the
control unit will decide by feedback what state the vehicle is at the moment. This also
provides speed information on each wheel, so it will decide what the system can do to either
release or apply brake on individual tires.
 This contains two different operational principles that are passive and active wheel-speed
sensors (sensors for inductive and hall-effect). They also calculate wheel speed through
magnetic fields in a contact-free way. Nowadays, tire sensors are often used on either two
over four tyres, or all tyres, of each production vehicle. They may describe a wheel's
direction of rotation and its standstill.
 Damaging the sensor would trigger disabling or not fully working of the ESP and other
related system and show more or less the significance of the sensor of wheel speed.

4. Draw a schematic arrangement of the main components that are used in an ESP.
 General schematic diagram of ESP

 Schematic diagram of ESP Hyundai Kona

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5. Brief the comparison of an ESP function with another system such as
i) ABS
ii) TCS
Draw the diagram OR paste your diagram here if necessary.
Answer:
 The main purpose of the ABS system for the ESP with ABS is to avoid the wheels from locking
during braking and control, and to avoid the wheels from spinning on acceleration. However
the ESP system is the one phase above each of these system functions. ESP tracks the motion
of the car and relates it to the steering angle of the driver. It is most helpful on slippery roads
where car have less grip if control is lost as the system does keep the vehicle steady. ABS will
come to play, keeping the vehicle straight and avoiding tire skidding, wheel locking and
allowing the driver control over the steering.

 For ESP with TCS, the purpose of the ESP system is to enhance the stability of a vehicle by
detecting and reducing skidding. But TCS is the system which will avoid traction loss on bad
road conditions. TCS should work when the driver wants traction to climb slippery surface
and can't do it off with TCS. When the ground conditions are not good enough for proper
traction, bumpy road and the wheels start slipping, the TCS senses the wheels slipping and
decreases the engine power or braking to stop it. If the vehicle has a TCS system, the car can
be operated and under any situation and surface it will have the proper grip to accelerate.
This TCS is very useful on off road vehicle and high performance vehicle.

6. Describe the condition that influences vehicle stability operation.

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 Draw the diagram OR paste your diagram here if necessary.
Answer:
 Firstly, the structures that influence vehicle handling and stability driving mainly such as
suspension, steering and transmission system. And there are several aspects that influence
vehicle handling and driving stability, such as vehicle speed while driving too fast on roads,
vehicle lateral forces, centre of gravity location that really plays a major role in the vehicle's
weight distribution and central mass, type of tyre-cornering characteristics, steering system
stiffness, steering ratio and vertical transmission.
 In addition, factors like steering system, wheel alignment parameters, tires, suspension have
a larger effect on vehicle handling and driving stability for passenger car. But factors
including wheel alignment parameters, centroid height and suspension have a larger effect
on vehicle handling and driving stability while operating freight car, it can take driver and
vehicle as a hole for automobile handling and stability analysis when driving.
 One of the influence on vehicle stability operation is the driver himself, because the driver
himself manages the vehicle operation. Most cars today come with high torque output that
can result in spinning of tires, or fast acceleration. Then, the driver's driving style is either
friendly driving or reckless driving itself: it also affects the function of automobile stability.

7. Explain what is the cause of:

i) Understeer
ii) Oversteer
Draw the diagram OR paste your diagram here if necessary.
Answer:
 Understeer occurs when the front tyres start slipping away from the direction the driver
wants to go. This happens when the front tyres are asked to turn while also managing or
putting a lot of braking or speed. If you’re going rather fast or braking very hard and trying to
turn the wheel, the extra momentum may cause the front tyres to slip in the direction you’re
travelling so, instead of turning, the car ploughs straight on. Braking too hard (locking the
fronts) when turning in. Entering the corner with too much speed also will make the vehicle
understeer and it is a nightmare when using hillside rod. Accelerating too much though the
corner also will throw your vehicle away. Poor car setup is also one of the reason of
understeer. By upgrading the tyre to more grip tyre, a bit wider tyre for more ground
contact, upgrading suspension and decreasing body roll as much as it need will help a lot. For
extra result, changing some number on tyre offset also do the trick.
 Understeer occurs when the front tyres start slipping away from the direction the driver
wants to go. This happens when the front tyres are asked to turn while also managing or
putting a lot of braking or speed. If you’re going rather fast or braking very hard and trying to
turn the wheel, the extra momentum may cause the front tyres to slip in the direction you’re
travelling so, instead of turning, the car ploughs straight on. Braking too hard (locking the
fronts) when turning in. Entering the corner with too much speed also will make the vehicle
understeer and it is a nightmare when using hillside rod. Accelerating too much though the
corner also will throw your vehicle away. Poor car setup is also one of the reason of
understeer. By upgrading the tyre to more grip tyre, a bit wider tyre for more ground
contact, upgrading suspension and decreasing body roll as much as it need will help a lot. For
extra result, changing some number on tyre offset also do the trick.