Khéa Nit Phap co bin Nguyé Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang, VIDEO va LOI GIAI CHI TIET chi c6 tai website MOON.VN [Truy cap tab Tiéng Anh — Khéa: Ngir Phap Co Ban (Chuong trinh Tiéng Anh 10 - 2017)| + An adjective describes or modifies a noun or a pronoun. + Adds info about what kind, which one, or how many + Describes how things look, smell, feel, taste, sound + Anadverb describes or modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. + Adds info about how, how much, when, where, or to what extent. + Often ends in ly. Adjectives describe nouns. They say what something Is like. Adjectives come before nouns or after “be”. They have the same form in the singular and plural. This is a nice dress. This train is stow. These trains are slow. (Whats the dress ike? Nice.) (What's the train ke? Siow.) (NOT slow ‘Adverbs describe verbs. They say how, where, when, how often someone does something. He let the room quickly. (How cid he leave the room? Quickly, She telephoned Jim yesterday. (When ci she telephone Jim? Yesterday.) Adjectives 1 feoeos © Advert: jective: ‘© Adjectives describe nouns i.e. they tell us AES They casts onneed (ace what the noun is like. Ths is @ beautiful phrage (in the moming). painting, (What is the painting like? Beautitul) ‘* Adverbs can describe manner (how), place ‘© Adjectives have the same form in both the (where), time (when), frequency (how singular and the plural. I's a nice dress. They often), degree (to what extent), etc. fare nice diesiee: | ‘Sophie speaks German fluently. (How does she ‘speak? Fluently. - adverb of manner) ‘© Adjectives can be used before a noun or Leave your beg on the foo. (Mere? On ie after a linking verb (appear, be, become, floor. ~ adverb of place) feel, seem, etc.) He's gota new car. His car He's flying to Rome tomorrow. (When is he is new. flying? Tomorrow. — adverb of time) ‘She usually gets a sandwich for lunch. (How . Repeats ca sss be ead ata eee en (smell, taste, feel, etc.) instead imu emereets of an adverb, The food smells delicious. ‘She's very beaut. (How beautiful is she? (NOT: sroole-cdoicousy) ___ Very. - adverb of degree) Moon.vni - Hoc dé khang dinh minh 1 Hotline: 0432 99 98 98Khéa Nit Phap co bin Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang, EEE Formation of Adverbs from Adjectives ‘© Most adverbs are formed by adding -Iy to an adjective quick -* quickly. ‘ * Adjectives ending in -ic add -ally to form their adverbs dramatic * dramatically. * Adjectives ending in -le drop -le and add -ly to form their adverbs terrible * terribly. ‘© Adjectives ending in consonant + y drop -y and add -ily to form their adverbs happy “> happily. * Adjectives ending in -ly (triendly, lonely, lovely, fatherly, motherly, silly lively, etc.) form their adverbs with in a ... way in a friendly way. ‘© Adjectives ending in -e form their adverbs adding -ly without dropping -e rare > rarely. Exceptions: whole + wholly, true > truly. The adverb of good is well. Andrea is a good pianist. She plays the piano very well. ‘© Some adverbs are the same as their adjectives (daily, earl, fast, hard, late, monthly, best, easy, low, etc.) He works hard. This is a hard job. * In spoken English the adverbs loud, quick, slow, cheap are the same as their adjectives. In formal English we use: loudly, quickly, slowly, cheaply. He speaks loud. (spoken English) He speaks loudly. (formal English) Order of Adjective * Adjectives normally go before nouns. She bought an expensive house. Adjectives can also be used without a noun after certain verbs (appear, be, feel, etc.). His new house is expensive. © The adjectives afraid, alone, alive, awake, asleep, glad, etc. are never followed by a noun. The baby was asleep. (NOT: af-asleep-baby) ‘* Nouns can be used as adjectives if they go before another noun. They have no plural form in this case. Could you repair the garden gate? a two-week holiday (NOT: a4wo-waeks-holiday) © Certain adjectives can be used as plural nouns referring to a group of people in general. ‘These are: the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the disabled, the homeless, the hungry, the strong, the deaf, the living, the dead, the sick, the elderly, ete. The government ‘must provide more homes for the homeless. (homeless people in general). When we want to refer to a specific person / group, then we add the word ‘people’ or ‘man / woman’. The homeless people in our city grow in number. © Opinion adjectives (wonderful, awful, etc.) go before fact adjectives (large, old, etc.). She lives in a lovely big flat. She bought a beautiful leather bag. ‘© When there are two or more fact adjectives, they normally go in the following order: pinion | size agi colour origin material ie noun (That's a” wonderful | large old rectangular | black | Chinese | wooden | linen chest. Order of Adverbs ‘Adverbs can go atthe front, mid or end, position in a sentence. Front position i atthe beginning of the sentence. Mid position is before the main verb or after the auxiliary. End position is atthe end of the sentence. Front Mid End Finally, he wil probably start working here next week ‘© Adverbs of frequency (often, usually, never, ever, regularly, seldom, etc.) normally go before main verbs but after auxiliary verbs (mid position). However, in short answers they go before the auxiliary verb. He often brings me fowers. He is always coming lat. “He is always telng jokes, isn't he?” “Yes, he always is.” Frequency adverbs can also go at the beginning or the end of the sentence for reasons of ‘emphasis, Sometimes! getup lte.| goto that park occasionally. Moon.vni - Hoc dé khang dinh minh r Hotline: 0432 99 98 98Khéa Nit Phap co bin Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang, ‘ Adverbs of time usually go at the end ofthe sentence (She ltt Madrid yesterday) or at the beginning ofthe sentence if we want to put emphasis on the time (Yesterday, she lft Madrid). ‘The adverbs: already, no longer, normally, hardly, nearly, almost usually go in mid positon. He nearly missed the train. They are no longer working here. There's hardly any cake left «Sentence adverbs (probably, certainly, possibly, clear, fortunately, et) go in any poston, front, mid or end; the front postion isthe most usual though, Probably he believed you. He probably baleved ou. He believed you probably. In negations certainly, possibly, and probably | go before the auxiliary. He probably didn believe you. * Adverbs of degree (absolutly, jst, totaly, completely, very, orally, terribly, much, quite, enough, oo, etc) can go before te adjective or the adverb they modify. Stes quite good at Maths. Most of these adverbs can also go before a main verb of after an auxlary verb rather iets fim. can quite understand * Adverbs of manner (beautifully, badly, eagerly, et.) and place (here, there, et) go after the verb othe object ofthe verb if there is one (end position) She looked ame angi, Adverbs. of manner can also go in md positon She looked angrily at me, When there is more than one adverb in a sentence, ther order is manner - place time. However when thee is a verb of movement (o, run, leave, et) the place adverb goes next tothe verb of movement, | manner pla time | place man He spoke | well | atthe meeting yesterday. | She goes | to work ‘Some pairs of adverbs have different meanings deep = 2 long way down (He dug deep into the ground.) deeply = greatly (The scientist was deeply respected.) free = without cost (Children travel free on buses.) freely = willingly (He spoke freely about his past) hard = with effort (He works hard.) hardly = scarcely (! hardly see him) hhigh = to / at a high level (The pilot flew high above the clouds.) highly = very much (She is highly regarded by her employers) last = after all others (He got here last) lastly = finally (Lastly, read the instructions then do the test) late = not early (They arrived late.) lately = recently (I haven't seen him lately) near = close (live near the school) nearly = almost (! have nearly finshed.) pretty = fairly | thought the film was pretty awful) prettily = in a pretty way (She smiled prettily, short = suddenly (The driver stopped short) shortly = soon (He will be arving shortly.) wide = far away from the right point (He threw the ball wide.) widely = to a large extent (i's widely believed that the Prime Minister wll resign soon.) Comparison of Adjectives Adjectives of: Positive ‘Comparative ‘Superlative one syllable long longer than the longest offin ee er happy happier than the happiest offin two or more modem ‘more modem than the most modern offn syllables beautiful ‘more beauiful than the most beautiful offin 1, We use the comparative to compare two people or things and the superlative to compare: three or more people or things. Jenny is younger than Mary. Jenny is the youngest of all her fronds. We use than with the comparative and the ... of /in with the superlative. We use in with the superlative, usually when we refer to places. London is bigger than Leeds. It is the biggest city in England. 3. Some adjectives form their comparatives either by adding -er /-est or with more / most. ‘Some of these are : clever, stupid, narrow, gentle. clever - cleverer - the cleverest OR clever - more clever - the most clever x Moon.vni - Hoc dé khang dinh minh 3 Hotline: 0432 99 98 98Khéa Nit Phap co bin GV: Nguyén Quinh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang, ‘Spelting Adjectives ending in : one stressed vowel between two <0 me -r/-st ene -tor/-test ive ae large - larger - largest heavy - heavier - heaviest big - bigger - biggest Comparison of Adverbs Positive Comparative Superlative ‘Adverbs with the same fee hard harder the hardest two-syllable adverbs early earlier the eartiest compound (adjective +) = slowly more slowly the most slowly Irregular Forms Positive Comparative Superlative goodie better best further/farther = longer badibadly worse worst (in distance) much more most I can't run any further/farther. manyalotot more most further = more litle less least There is no further news far futherfarther -—furthestfarthest atthe moment. The red bookis as old as The rings less expensive ‘The more he eas, the blue book butitisn't than the necklace. The earrings _the fatter he gets. ‘as thick as the blue one. _are the least expensive of all, 1,28 .(positve)... as Paul is as heavy as Tom. ‘not $0/ as. (positive)...as Jane is not as / 80 tall as Mary 2. less (positive)... than Betty is less hard-working than Kate but Jeans the least hard-working of al. The harder you work, the more money you earn. Moon.vni - Hoc dé khang dinh minh 4 Hotline: 0432 99 98 98