SEPAKAT SETIA PERUNDING SDN BHD (14142-M) Job No.

: 37015

TITLE : DESIGN OF CORBEL Designed by : LTC Date : 13/5/2020

SUBJECT : PUMP HOUSE COLUMN Checked by : LTC Date : 13/5/2020
PROJECT : KLIA Page No. : of :

Written by Ir. T.C. Lim, Revised on June 2000

Ref Calculation Input/Output Sketches/Remarks

V
BS 8110 1. Size of Corbel
Pt 1: 1997 a. Width of corbel (b) b 400 mm av
Cl. 5.2.7 b. Overall height of corbel (h) h 750 mm T
c. Depth of corbel (h1), min. = 321 mm h1 350 mm Ft
b
h1
z Fc
h
2. Determine Ultimate Loads on the Corbel d

0.45x
a. Horizontal Load, Dead Load HDL 35 kN
Live Load HLL 19.375 kN
b. Vertical Load, Dead Load VDL 350 kN 0.9 xCos b
Live Load VLL 193.75 kN
Lc
c. Distance from center of load to face of column, av 400 mm
Note: If av > d, then design corbel as a cantilever beam av < d, So OK !
d. Ultimate Vertical Load (1.4VDL + 1.6VLL ), V 800 kN Force Diagram
e. Ultimate Horizontal Load (1.4HDL + 1.6HLL ), T 80 kN x Ft
s

3. Determination of Corbel Geometry

fcu 40 N/mm2

0.9x
a. Concrete Grade, FcCos b

x
b. Steel Grade, fy 460 N/mm2
c. Mininum cover to reinforcement c 30 mm
d. Assume diameter of main bar f 32 mm xc=0.0035
e. Assume diameter of horizontal links f1 10 mm Strain Diagram Stress Diagram
f. Max. bearing stress, fb = 0.8fcu fb, max. 32 N/mm2
g. Assume length of bearing plate, Lp 300 mm
h. Minimum bearing width, Lw = V/(0.8fcu*Lp) Lw 83 mm
i. Actual width of bearing plate provided, Lw, prov. 100 mm > 83 mm, So O.K !
j. Length of corbel, Lc = av + Lw/2 + Length of bend
of bar + min. cover + dia. of link + min. cover Lc 680 mm
k. Actual length of corbel provided, Lc, prov. 700 mm > 680 mm, So O.K !
l. Effective depth, d = h - c - f/2 d 704 mm
2
m. Max. allowable shear stress at column face, vu 5.00 N/mm Min. 0.8(fcu)1/2 or 5 N/mm2
n. Min. effective depth at face of column, d = V/(vub) dmin 400 mm < 704 mm, So O.K !
o. Shear stress in concrete, v = V/(bd) v 2.84 N/mm2 < 5 N/mm², So O.K !

4. Evaluation of Forces

First Trial (From Force diagram above)

i. Ft = Fc Cosb + T = Vav/z + T ---> Eq. (1)
ii. Fc = (0.67fcu/1.5)b 0.9x Cosb = 0.402fcubxCosb ---> Eq. (2)
iii. V = Fc Sinb ---> Eq. (3)
iv. Lever arm, z = d - 0.45x ---> Eq. (4)

a. Assume x = 0.38 d x 267.52 mm By iteration, find x after assuming x in 1 st trial

b. Hence z = d - 0.45x z 583.62 mm
c. Cotb = av/z Cotb 0.6854 2 2 1/2
Slope Length, S = (av + z )
d. Sinb = z/S Sinb 0.8249 = 707.5 mm
e. Cosb = av/S Cosb 0.5653
f. Fc = V/Sinb Fc 969.87 kN
g. x = Fc / (0.402fcubCosb) x 266.72 mm

Second Trial
a. Assume x = 266.72 mm x 266.72 mm
b. Hence z = d - 0.45x z 583.98 mm
c. Cotb = av/z Cotb 0.6850 2 2 1/2
Slope Length, S = (av + z )
d. Sinb = z/S Sinb 0.8250 = 707.8 mm
e. Cosb = av/S Cosb 0.5651
f. Fc = V/Sinb Fc 969.67 kN
g. x = Fc / (0.402fcubCosb) x 266.78 mm x is closed to assume value, So OK !
h. Final z = d - 0.45x z 583.95 mm

TCLIM/CORBEL.XLS Page 1 of 3
 SEPAKAT SETIA PERUNDING SDN BHD (14142-M) Job No. : 37015

TITLE : DESIGN OF CORBEL Designed by : LTC Date : 13/5/2020

SUBJECT : PUMP HOUSE COLUMN Checked by : LTC Date : 13/5/2020
PROJECT : KLIA Page No. : of :

Written by Ir. T.C. Lim, Revised on June 2000

Ref Calculation Input/Output Sketches/Remarks

i. Ft = V * av/z + T Ft 627992 N
j. xs = 0.0035(d - x)/x xs 0.00574 > 0.002 So the steel will be at the yield stress level
k. As,req. = Ft/(0.87fy) >= ( 0.5V/0.87fy) + (T/0.87fy) As,req. 1569 mm 2
So use fy = 460 N/mm²
l. and ( 0.5V/0.87fy ) + ( T/0.87fy ) 1199 mm2 < 1569 mm², So OK !
m. No. of bars provided nos. 2 nos.
n. Bar diameter adopted, f f 32 mm
o. Area of bars provided, As,prov. As,prov. 1608 mm2 > 1569 mm², So OK !

5. Check Shear
a. Percentage of steel, p = 100As,prov./bd p 0.571
1/3 1/4
Table 3.8 b. Allowable vc = 0.79{100As,prov/bd} (400/d) /1.25 vc 0.613 N/mm2
c. Enhanced shear vc' = (2d/av)vc vc ' 2.159 N/mm2 < v = 2.84 N/mm², Shear reinf. required
d. Nominal shear reinforcement, Ash = 0.5As,req. Ash, min. 785 mm 2

e. Horizontal links provided, assume Sh Sh 100 mm

Table 3.6 f. Design shear reinf., Ash = bSh(v - vc')/0.87fy Ash 68 mm
2

g. No. of legs provided Nos. 2 legs

h. Bar diameter adopted for links f 10 mm
2
i. Area of links provided for 2 legs ø10 mm links Ash,Link 157 mm
Cl. 5.2.7.2.3 j. Provide Ash in upper 2d/3 at a spacing of Sh, 2d/3 469 mm
k. So req. 5 sets of links of 10 mm dia. @ 100 c/c nos. 5 sets --> No. of sets of links provided
l. So area for 5 sets of links ø10 @ 100 c/c, Ash,prov. 785 mm2
m. Check: Total area of all legs of links (Ash,prov.) in Ash >= 0.5As,req. So >= 0.5As,req. = 785 mm², So OK !
OK !
a vertical plane should be >= 0.5As,req.

2ø32
6. Minimum tension reinforcement
Cl. 3.12.5.3 a. Minimum steel = 0.004bh As,min. 1200 mm2
b. Check if As,prov. > 0.004bh As,prov. 0.004bh < As

Spacing
> (2/3) d

Sh
< 1608 mm², So OK !

7. Maximum tension reinforcement

< (1/3) d
Cl. 3.12.6 a. Maximum steel = 0.04bh As,max. 12000 mm2
b. Check if As,prov. < 0.04bh As,prov. 0.04bh > As 5ø10 links
> 1608 mm², So OK ! @ 100 mm c/c

Reinforcement Details
8. Check bearing stress inside bend
a. Fbt = (Ft/no. of bars)*(As req/As prov) Fbt 306.32 kN
b. Ultimate anchorage bond stress, fbu = b(fcu)
1/2
Cl. 3.12.8.4 fbu 3.162 N/mm² ø32
Cl. 3.12.8.3 c. Anchorage bond length req. = Fbt /pffbu La 964 mm 12f
In the column, the straight length of bar before start of bend
is taken as approx. 1/3 of the required anchorage length
Fbt
r
which is equal to 350 mm
min. > 4f

d. Tension in bar at start of bend = (2/3)Fbt Ft 204.2 kN

Clause e. Internal radius of bend, r = 4f (minimum) r 128 mm
3.12.11.2.5 f. Side cover to main steel, c1 (max. = 80 mm) c1 74 mm
g. ab = cover (c1) + bar dia. for corner bar ab 106 mm 700
h. Center-to-center distance to outer bars 220 mm
i. Center-to-center distance to inner bars, ab ab,min 220 mm
Side Elevation
Clause j. Hence adopt minimum ab 106 mm Bearing stress inside bend
3.12.8.25.2 k. Bearing stress = Fbt/rf fb 49.86 N/mm²
l. 2fcu/{1 + (2f/ab)} 49.88 N/mm²
m. Check Fbt/rf <= 2fcu/{1 + (2f/ab)} 49.9 < 49.9, So OK ! 90 220 90
n. Anchorage value of standard bend = 12f r 384 mm
o. Straight before bend h1 350 mm
p. Bar should project vertically into column after ø32
standard bend by minimum of
750

= 964 - 384 - 350 + (4x32) or min. = 4x32 358 mm

74 mm = c1

400

Front Elevation
Bearing stress inside bend

TCLIM/CORBEL.XLS Page 2 of 3
 SEPAKAT SETIA PERUNDING SDN BHD (14142-M) Job No. : 37015

TITLE : DESIGN OF CORBEL Designed by : LTC Date : 13/5/2020

SUBJECT : PUMP HOUSE COLUMN Checked by : LTC Date : 13/5/2020
PROJECT : KLIA Page No. : of :

Written by Ir. T.C. Lim, Revised on June 2000

Ref Calculation Input/Output Sketches/Remarks

9. Spacing of Bars
Clause a. Maximum size of aggregate, MSA MSA 20 mm
3.12.11.1 b. Minimum clear horizontal spacing = MSA + 5 25 mm
c. Minimum clear vertical spacing = 2MSA/3 13 mm
d. Service stress, fs fs 250 N/mm² See Item 10(k) below
3.12.11.2.4 e. Max. clear spacing of bars in tension < 47000/fs <300 188 mm
f. Actual clear spacing = 220 - 32 188 mm
188 <= 188, So OK

Cl. 3.8 of 10. Crack width calculations 90 220 90

Part 2 a. Service horizontal load, H H 54.38 kN xh
b. Service vertical load V 543.8 kN 46 xs
c. Moment at face of column, M = 543.8 x av M 217.5 kNm 85
d. Modulus of steel, Es Es 200 kN/mm² 103
d-x
e. Modulus of concrete, Ec Ec 14 kN/mm²
f. Modular ration, m = Es/Ec m 14.08
g. Depth of neutral axis from compressive face, x x 231.4 mm
N A
where x = mAs/b{(1+2bd/Asm)1/2 - 1} x
h. Lever arm, z = d - x/3 z 626.9 mm
i. fsb = M/Asz due to flexure fsb 215.7 N/mm² xc
j. fsh = H/As due to horizontal load fsh 33.8 N/mm²
k. Steel service stress, fs = fsb + fsh fs 249.5 N/mm² Strain Diagram
l. Strain in steel, xs = fs/Es xs 0.00125
m. xh = (h - x)/(d - x )*xs xh 0.00137
n. xmh = xh - b(h-x) /3EsAs(d-x) xmh
2
0.00113
o. ac1 = Sqrt( 90² + 46² ) - ø/2 ac1 85 mm
p. ac2 = Sqrt( 110² + 46² ) - ø/2 ac2 103 mm
q. Hence acr = bigger of ac1 and ac2 acr 103 mm
Cl. 3.8.3 u. and W cr = 3acrxm/[1 + 2(acr - cmin)/(h - x)] W cr 0.274 mm
of Part 2 < 0.3 mm, So OK !

TCLIM/CORBEL.XLS Page 3 of 3
 SEPAKAT SETIA PERUNDING SDN BHD (14142-M) Job No. : 37015

TITLE : DESIGN OF CONCRETE NIBS Designed by : LTC Date : 13/5/2020

SUBJECT : PUMP HOUSE COLUMN Checked by : LTC Date : 13/5/2020
PROJECT : KLIA Page No. : 1 of : 1

Written by Ir. T.C. Lim, Revised on June 2000

Ref Calculation Input/Output Sketches/Remarks

av
1. Determine Ultimate Loads on the Nib
BS 8110 a. Vertical Load, Total Dead Load Gk 5.8 kN/mm² La
Pt 1: 1997 Total Live Load Qk 5.8 kN/mm²
Cl. 5.2.8 b. Clear span of precast/floor units L 4.5 m
c. Width of precast/floor units b 400 mm h
d. Ultimate Vertical Load V = (1.4Gk + 1.6Qk) V 17.4 kN/mm²

2. Determination of Nib Geometry Vertical reinforcement

from wall or beam
a. Concrete Grade, fcu fcu 40 N/mm²
b. Steel Grade, fy fy 460 N/mm² Typical arrangement of Nib
c. Mininum cover to reinforcement ( c ) c 25 mm
d. Maximum bearing stress = 0.4fcu for dry bearing fb,max. 0.4 fcu Support
and = 0.6fcu for bedded bearing Precast
beam
e. So allowable bearing stress = 0.4fcu fb 16 N/mm²

Bearing length
f. Effective bearing length is the least of :- Wall
or
g. (a) bearing length = 400 mm 400 mm Beam
(b) one-half bearing length + 100 300 mm
Bearing width
(c) 600 mm 600 mm
Hence effective bearing length (Lb) Lb 300 mm Plan showing bearing length & width
h. Ultimate support reaction/beam of 400 mm width
R = ½ x 4.50 x 17.40 x 0.40 R 15.66 kN/beam
Ultimate support reaction
i. Net bearing width = R/(Lb x 0.4fcu) >= 40 mm 40.00 mm =
(effective bearing length) x 0.4f cu
Table 5.1 & j. Allowance for spalling 20 mm
Table 5.2 k. Allowance for inaccuracies 25 mm
l. Nominal bearing width 85.00 mm
m. Clearance at face of column to edge of beam 10 mm
n. Nib chamfer 15 mm
o. Nib projection, La La 110.00 mm = 85mm+15mm(chamfer)+15mm(clearance)
p. Diameter of bar used, f f 8 mm
q. Minimum depth of nib 114.00 mm =2 x (min. cover)+ 8 x (dia. of bar) < 300mm
u. Hence adopt minimum depth of nib, h h 105 mm

3. Design of Nib
a. Diameter of vertical reinforcement, f1 f1 10 mm
b. Distance, av av 125 mm = 110 - 15(chamfer) + 25(cover) + ø1/2
c. Effective depth, d = h - c - f/2 d 76 mm = 105 - 25 - 8
d. M = Bending moment per metre = V*L*av /2 M 4.89 kNm/m = Ultimate load per metre run x a v
Cl. 3.4.4.4 e. K = M/fcubd2 K 0.0212 b = 1000 mm
f. z = d[ 0.5 + (0.25 - K/0.9)1/2 ] but < 0.95d z 72.20 mm
g. As = M/0.87fyz = 169 mm² As,req. 169 mm²

4. Minimum tension reinforcement

Cl. 3.12.5.3 a. Minimum steel = 0.0013bh As,min. 137 mm²/m b = 1000 mm

Clause 5. Maximum spacing of Bars

3.12.11.2.7 a. Maximum spacing = 3 x effective depth + f < 750 236 mm c/c
b. Bar spacing adopted 225 mm So OK !
c. Hence As provided As,prov. 223 mm²
3.12.11.2.4 d. Clear spacing < 47000/fs < 300 202 mm fs = 2fy/3 x As req./As prov. --> Eq. 8
e. Actual clear spacing 217 mm So Not OK !

125
6. Check shear
a. Ultimate load per metre length, Vu = V*L /2 Vu 39.15 kN/m
b. Shear stress, v = Vu /bd, where b = 1000 mm v 0.52 N/mm² ø10 Link in beam or wall
c. Percentage of As provided, p = 100As/bd p 0.29 95 15
Table 3.8 d. Allowable vc = 0.79{100As/bd}1/3(400/d)1/4/1.25 vc 0.744 N/mm²
Cl. 5.2.8.4 e. Enhanced shear vc' = (2d/av)vc vc ' 0.905 N/mm² 15
> v, so OK !
90
7. Extra Vertical Reinforcement in beam or wall
In additional to links, an area of reinforcement is required in the
beam to carry the load from the nib.
a. Asv = Vu /0.87fy Asv 98 mm²/m ø8 Hairpins at 225 c/c

Typical Reinforcement in Nib

T.C. Lim/Nib.xls Page 1 of 1