1.

THE INFRASTRUCTURE OBJECT

Informatics covers areas related to the design, construction, evaluation, use and maintenance of automated data
processing systems, including hardware, software, organizational and human elements with their impact in industry,
administration, commerce, etc. The role of informatics as a means of improving society is realized in several
directions: it provides a profound knowledge and operative information on the state and dynamics of objective
economic relations between people and production processes; is a means of optimal modeling and correlation of the
factors of production, ensuring the direct increase of the general economic efficiency, as well as of each individual
entrepreneur. In complex industrial processes, the rapid variation of the many parameters, as well as their deviation
from the admissible limits, can only be monitored and noticed by electronic means. The main advantages of an
electronic computer are its speed, but also the ability to quickly adapt to any field of use by executing an appropriate
program, thus eliminating repetitive work. The computers are based on the performance of several main tasks: 9
processing (or processing) of information; 9 storing information; 9 transfer and communication of information.
Information Processing (Information Processing) The information that a computer is constantly operating can be
divided into three categories: data, programs, configuration parameters. Data - is that information that is processed.
Programs - is a special category of information that contains the algorithms that the computer will process the data.
Programs are made up of instructions that are executed one by one, until the final result is obtained from the input
data. For the computer, these instructions are encoded in the so-called machine code - given by the manufacturer.
Configuration parameters - these are the information that determines the specific mode of operation for each
physical component of the computer, or for the programs it uses. Through these parameters, which remain stored
by the computer until they are modified or deleted, a computer can be programmed, for example, to accept or
ignore a particular physical device (a hard disk, a mouse, etc.). Storing (Storing) Information The computer can store
information in several different forms so that it can process not only information entered at the time of processing
but also information stored in its memory. In this way, a computer is often used to host databases or archives of
various information and documents in digital (electronic) format. Computer memory is divided into two basic types:
temporary memory (short or dynamic) and permanent memory (long-term, fixed). Temporary memory is the
memory that is erased when the computer shuts down, and is only used during its operation as a working memory
area for programs running. Using Random Access Memory (RAM), the computer runs the programs faster and more
efficiently processes information. Transferring and communicating information In order to store and process
information, the computer must also transfer them from one device to another, and often its basic functions also
include communicating information to / from other computers. There are several forms of information transfer and
communication in computer activity: I / O (Input / Output) is the generic name given to the input / output devices, ie
to those devices that provide the input of information into the computer, and the display (output) of information
through various methods. For example, keyboard, mouse or scanner are typical input devices whereby the operator
can enter text or command the computer, while the monitor, printer, and audio speakers are typical output devices
whereby the information in the computer they come to be seen or heard by the operator. Transfer to / from internal
RAM - any program, when it is released, is partially transferred to RAM, from where it will be executed step by step.
Also in RAM is the information being processed, and there is a continuous transfer of information between the RAM
and the other devices in the computer.

STRUCTURE OF A PERSONAL CALCULATOR

  An electronic computing system is an automatic data processing machine capable of executing complex operation
sequences using a program stored in the main memory. An electronic computing system (S.E.C.) - commonly called a
computer, brings together physically and functionally two basic components: the hardware component; software
component
INTERFACE. PORTS

Interfaces An interface is specialized equipment or a program that connects two different components of the
computer. Typically an interface provides the connection between the central unit and a peripheral. It has the role of
taking the data from the central unit bus and putting them in a format that is acceptable to the periphery. At the
same time, it takes over the answers or messages of the periphery and converts them to the format supported by
the central unit. 9 Ports A port represents an "x" point in which the central unit exchanges information with the
external peripherals. According to the way the information is transmitted, the ports can be serial or parallel. In the
case of serial ports, one bit is transmitted once, using two wires. The bits of a word are transmitted one after the
other. After each byte, the transmission is usually checked for correctness. Parallel transmission consists of the use
of multi-wire cables for transmitting the information signal (generally 8) to which a common yarn is added for the
table. In this way, each of the bits of a byte is the value of the thread corresponding to that bit relative to the table
thread; the 8 bits are transmitted simultaneously. Since each transmission operation consumes a large number of
clock pulses, the transmission speed for serial ports is lower than for parallel ports. The disadvantage of parallel
ports is the high cost. Typically, serial ports are represented by the COM name followed by a number from 1 to 4,
and parallel ports through LPT followed by a number from 1 to 3. Normally, a computer has two serial and one
parallel ports. Modern computers use a unified serial data transmission solution, represented by USB ports. An
external device or specialized equipment called HUB can be connected to a USB port, which has a computer output
and 5 outputs to external devices. At each of these external outputs, it is possible to connect a device itself or
another HUB. In this way, a tree structure is obtained, which allows for the connection of a very large number of
peripherals to the same computer. At serial interfaces, the DB9 connectors are used, and for the DB25 parallel ones.
A   is an electronic device that acts as a bridge between a computer and the telephone
lines. 

  

  The   works just like a typewriter with additional functionalities.

  

  The first computer   was a real insect, a moth. Now this word is used to describe an error in
a program. 

  The   can also be called the brain of the computer.

  A   is a computer that can be folded up and carried around.

  

  If you have got a wireless (or cordless) mouse you don't need to   a cable into a   .

  

  The   key deletes the character to the left of the cursor.

  On a laptop, a touchpad has functions that are the same as those of a   .

  The   is the part of a computer that can show texts, still or moving pictures. 

   A   is a program that provides a way to look at all the information on the World Wide Web . 
  I bought my   yesterday but I can't use it. I can't use
my software. In the manual, it was written : 'easy to   ' ! 

 If you want this text to be  , you'd better   it

into your clipboard.   the main  , search the function 'Save
file menu
to clipboard' in your   and   on it. Then   your text
into your new document. 

 My picture is pretty good! I am going to   it and publish it

on my blog. 

 My   is full: there are too many   from

Nadine. I must  , but her   was   when my
computer crashed and I can't remember it. 

 I've just joined this new site. I am   but I am

trying to find on the   where I can  . Perhaps I should
contact the   !