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Visualizing Nutrition 3rd Edition By

Mary B. – Test Bank

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Sample Test
Grosvenor 3e: Testbank: Chapter 3

Question Type: Multiple Choice

1) Which of the following is the correct order, from smallest unit to largest?

1. a) atoms → cells → molecules → tissues


2. b) atoms → molecules → cells → tissues
3. c) cells → molecules → tissues → cells
4. d) molecules → atoms → cells → tissues

 
Answer: b

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.1 Explain the organization of animals from atoms to


organs to organisms.

Learning Objective 2: LO 3.1.1 Describe the organization of living things, from


atoms to organisms.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.1 The Organization of Life

2) The smallest units of life are

1. a) atoms.
2. b) cells.
3. c) organs.
4. d) tissues.

Answer: b

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.1 Explain the organization of animals from atoms to


organs to organisms.

Learning Objective 2: LO 3.1.1 Describe the organization of living things, from


atoms to organisms.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.1 The Organization of Life

Question Type: True/False


 

3) The pancreas is part of the endocrine system and also part of the digestive
system.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: 3.1 Explain the organization of animals from atoms to


organs to organisms.

Learning Objective 2: LO 3.1.2 Name the organ systems that work with the
digestive system to deliver nutrients and eliminate wastes.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.1 The Organization of Life

Question Type: Multiple Choice

4) The ____ system aids the digestive system by secreting hormones which
regulate how much we eat and how quickly food and nutrients travel through the
digestive system.

1. a) cardiovascular
2. b) endocrine
3. c) integumentary
4. d) nervous

Answer: b

 
Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.1 Explain the organization of animals from atoms to


organs to organisms.

Learning Objective 2: LO 3.1.2 Name the organ systems that work with the
digestive system to deliver nutrients and eliminate wastes.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.1 The Organization of Life

Question Type: Essay

5) Discuss how various other organ systems work with the digestive system to
deliver nutrients and eliminate wastes.

Answer:

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: 3.1 Explain the organization of animals from atoms to


organs to organisms.

Learning Objective 2: LO 3.1.2 Name the organ systems that work with the
digestive system to deliver nutrients and eliminate wastes.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.1 The Organization of Life

Solution: The digestive system is aided by nervous system, which sends nerve
signals that help control the passage of food through the digestive tract; by the
cardiovascular system, which transports nutrients to individual cells in the body;
and by the urinary, respiratory, and integumentary systems, which eliminate
wastes generated by the body.  The digestive system is also assisted by the
endocrine system, which secretes hormones that help regulate how much we
eat and how quickly food and nutrients travel through the digestive system.

 
 

Question Type: Multiple Choice

6) When you eat a taco, the tortilla, meat, cheese, lettuce, and tomato are
broken apart, releasing the nutrients and other food components they contain.
This process is called

1. a) absorption.
2. b) digestion.
3. c) neutralization.
4. d) transit.

Answer: b

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.1 Define digestion and absorption.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

7) Which of the following substances is not absorbed by the human body?

1. a) Amino acids
2. b) Fatty acids
3. c) Fiber
4. d) Sugars

 
Answer: c

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.1 Define digestion and absorption.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

8) Which of the following is digested before being absorbed?

1. a) Minerals
2. b) Protein
3. c) Vitamins
4. d) Water

Answer: b

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.1 Define digestion and absorption.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

9) Proteins are broken down into _____ whereas fats are digested mostly into
_____.

 
1. a) amino acids, sugars
2. b) amino acids, fatty acids
3. c) fatty acids, sugars
4. d) glucose, vitamins

Answer: b

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.1 Define digestion and absorption.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

Question Type: True/False

10) The time it takes food to travel the length of the GI tract is called the transit
time.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.1 Define digestion and absorption.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

 
 

11) Sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids are absorbed into the body.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.1 Define digestion and absorption.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

Question Type: Essay

12) Indicate the name of each of the marked organs and describe each organ’s
function in the digestive system.

Answer:

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.2 List the organs that make up the digestive system.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

Solution: a esophagus – moves food to stomach, b stomach – churns/mixes food,


secretes acids and protein-digesting enzyme, c liver – makes bile which aids in
digestion and absorption of fat, d small intestine – absorbs nutrients into blood or
lymph, most digestion occurs here

13) Identify each of the structures within the digestive system.

Answer:

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.2 List the organs that make up the digestive system.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

Solution: Starting at the top of the visual: mouth, salivary glands, pharynx,
esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, small intestine, large intestine,
anus

Question Type: True/False

14) The gastrointestinal tract is a hollow tube that begins at the mouth and ends
at the colon.
 

Answer: False

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.2 List the organs that make up the digestive system.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

15) Food still in the lumen is not available for use by the cells.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.2 List the organs that make up the digestive system.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

Question Type: Multiple Choice

16) Factors that influence transit time include all of the following EXCEPT the

 
1. a) composition of the meal.
2. b) emotional status of the individual.
3. c) use of certain medications.
4. d) all of these influence transit time.

Answer: d

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.2 List the organs that make up the digestive system.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

Question Type: True/False

17. The mucosa has high nutrient requirements and will show signs of nutrient
deficiency early.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.4 Explain the roles of mucus, enzymes, nerves, and
hormones in digestion.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System


 

Question Type: Multiple Choice

18) _____ lubricates, moistens, and protects the cells within the mucosa.

1. a) Bile
2. b) Enzymes
3. c) Lumen
4. d) Mucus

Answer: d

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.4 Explain the roles of mucus, enzymes, nerves, and
hormones in digestion.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

Question Type: True/False

19) Amylase is a hormone that digests carbohydrates.

 
Answer: False

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.4 Explain the roles of mucus, enzymes, nerves, and
hormones in digestion.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

20) Enzymes are substrate specific, meaning that lipases will only digest lipids.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.4 Explain the roles of mucus, enzymes, nerves, and
hormones in digestion.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

Question Type: Multiple Choice

21) Protein molecules that increase the rate of specific chemical reactions
without themselves being changed are

 
1. a) enzymes.
2. b) hormones.
3. c) mucus.
4. d) nerves.

Answer: a

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.4 Explain the roles of mucus, enzymes, nerves, and
hormones in digestion.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

22. The gastrointestinal tract is part of the endocrine system because it


releases ___ that regulate digestion and the rate at which food moves through
the digestive system.

1. a) enzymes
2. b) hormones
3. c) mucus
4. d) nerves

Answer: b

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the digestive
system.

Learning Objective 2: 3.2.4 Explain the roles of mucus, enzymes, nerves, and
hormones in digestion.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Digestive System

23) The ____ is responsible for swallowing and is also a part of the respiratory
tract.

1. a) epiglottis
2. b) esophagus
3. c) mouth
4. d) pharynx

Answer: d

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

24) Bicarbonate neutralizes the acid in chyme, which allows ___ from the
pancreas and small intestine to function.

1. a) capillaries
2. b) enzymes
3. c) hormones
4. d) lacteals

Answer: b
 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

25) The slow movement of food stuff through the _____ favors the growth of
microflora.

1. a) large intestine
2. b) pancreas
3. c) small intestine
4. d) stomach

Answer: a

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

Question Type: True/False

 
 

26) The first location of chemical and mechanical digestion is the stomach.

Answer: False

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

27) During swallowing, the air passages are blocked by a flap of tissue called the
pharynx.

Answer: False

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

28) The majority of absorption occurs in the stomach.


 

Answer: False

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

Question Type: Essay

29) Describe how food moves from the esophagus into the stomach.

Answer:

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients


Solution: The bolus that is swallowed is propelled down the esophagus through
peristalsis, or wave-like contractions.  When the sphincter, or circular muscle,
at the end of the esophagus feels the weight of the bolus, the sphincter opens
and allows the food into the stomach.

Question Type: True/False

30) Chewing food begins mechanical digestion and breaks up fiber.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

Question Type: Multiple Choice

31) The mass of chewed food that is swallowed is called

1. a) bicarbonate.
2. b) the bolus.
3. c) chyme.
4. d) pepsin.

Answer: b

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

32) When the epiglottis doesn’t move correctly, it can lead to

1. a) choking.
2. b) constipation.
3. c) heartburn.
4. d) vomiting.

Answer: a

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

 
 

33) What might occur if the sphincter denoted here doesn’t close correctly, and
some of the contents from the stomach enter into the esophagus?

1. a) Choking
2. b) Constipation
3. c) Heartburn
4. d) Peptic ulcers

Answer: c

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

34) _____ is a circular muscle that acts as a valve, opening and closing to allow
the gastric contents to move throughout the GI tract.

1. a) Connective tissue
2. b) The lumen
3. c) A sphincter
4. d) The rectum

Answer: c
 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

35) The gastric pits produce each of the following EXCEPT

1. a) an inactive form of pepsin.


2. b) hydrochloric acid.
3. c) mucus.
4. d) salivary amylase.

Answer: d

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

36) The stomach

 
1. a) serves as a temporary storage site.
2. b) contents are highly alkaline.
3. c) secretes lipases that complete fat digestion.
4. d) manufactures bile.

Answer: a

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

Question Type: True/False

37) Trypsin and chymotrypsin are lipases.

Answer: False

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients


 

Question Type: Multiple Choice

38) Which of the following is NOT an end result of chemical digestion?

1. a) Amino acids
2. b) Fatty acids
3. c) Glucose
4. d) Protein

Answer: d

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

Question Type: True/False

39) The intestinal microflora synthesize small amounts of vitamin D.

 
Answer: False

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

Question Type: Multiple Choice

40) These yogurts are good sources of ____, which contain active cultures of
beneficial bacteria.

1. a) fiber
2. b) prebiotics
3. c) probiotics
4. d) Vitamin E

Answer: c

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.
Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

Question Type: True/False

41) Fiber retains water, thus when adequate fiber and fluids are consumed, feces
have a higher water content and are more easily passed.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.1 Describe what happens in each of the organs of the
gastrointestinal tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

42) Glucose can be used to make fatty acids.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 3.6 Describe how the body derives energy and other
products from carbohydrates, lipids, and protein.

Learning Objective 2: 3.6.3 List the types of molecules that can be made from
glucose, from fatty acids, and from amino acids.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 An Overview of Metabolism

Question Type: Multiple Choice

43) The regulation of stomach motility and secretion

1. a) does not vary based on the composition of the meal.


2. b) is affected by the food that has not yet reached the stomach.
3. c) is controlled in part by the hormone pepsin.
4. d) is not affected by the material that has exited the stomach.

Answer: b

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.2 Discuss factors that influence how quickly food
moves through the GI tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

44) A _____ meal stays in the stomach the longest.


 

1. a) high-carbohydrate
2. b) high-fat
3. c) high-protein
4. d) low-fat

Answer: b

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.2 Discuss factors that influence how quickly food
moves through the GI tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

Question Type: True/False

45) The nutritional composition of a meal affects how long it stays in the
stomach.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.2 Discuss factors that influence how quickly food
moves through the GI tract.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

Question Type: Essay

46) Explain how the nutritional composition and size of the meal influence transit
time.

Answer:

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.2 Discuss factors that influence how quickly food
moves through the GI tract.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

Solution: A small, carbohydrate-rich meal will leave your stomach far more
quickly than a larger meal containing more protein, fiber, and fat.

47) Explain how the structure of the small intestine relates to its function in
absorption. Include a description of brush border, villi and microvilli, lacteal, and
capillary.

Answer:
 

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.3 Explain how the structure of the small intestine aids
in its function.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

Solution: The wall of the small intestine is arranged in large circular folds which
increase the surface area in contact with nutrients.  The entire inner surface is
covered with fingerlike projections called villi.  Each villus contains a capillary
(small blood vessel) and a lacteal (small lymph vessel).  Each villus is covered
with tiny projections of the mucosal cell membranes called microvilli
(collectively termed the brush border).  Some the digestive enzymes produced
by the small intestine are located here. Absorption takes place within the brush
border.

Question Type: True/False

48) Each villus contains a capillary where fat-soluble nutrients are absorbed.

Answer: False

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.3 Explain how the structure of the small intestine aids
in its function.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients


 

49) Collectively, the microvilli are referred as the brush border.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.3 Explain how the structure of the small intestine aids
in its function.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

Question Type: Multiple Choice

50) ____ neutralizes the acidic chyme as it enters the small intestine.

1. a) Bile
2. b) Bicarbonate
3. c) Gastrin
4. d) Pepsin

Answer: b

Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.3 Explain how the structure of the small intestine aids
in its function.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

51) The transport of substances across a cell membrane with the aid of a carrier
molecule and the expenditure of energy is

1. a) active transport.
2. b) facilitated diffusion.
3. c) osmosis.
4. d) simple diffusion.

Answer: a

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.4 Distinguish passive diffusion from active transport.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

52) Diffusion is the net movement of substances from an area of    


concentration to an area of___ concentration.

1. a) higher, lower
2. b) lower, higher
3. c) neither (there is no net movement)
 

Answer: a

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.4 Distinguish passive diffusion from active transport.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

53) Vitamin E and fatty acids are absorbed via

1. a) active transport.
2. b) facilitated diffusion.
3. c) osmosis.
4. d) simple diffusion.

Answer: d

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.3 Explain what happens to food in each segment of the
digestive tract.

Learning Objective 2: 3.3.4 Distinguish passive diffusion from active transport.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients

54) Peyer’s patches, located in the mucosa of the small intestine, function to:
 

1. a) aid nutrients in entering the circulatory system.


2. b) enhance the functioning of digestive processes.
3. c) increase the motility of the gastrointestinal tract.
4. d) prevent harmful organisms present in the gastrointestinal tract from
making us sick.

Answer: d

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.4 Discuss disorders of the digestive system and food
allergies.

Learning Objective 2: 3.4.1 Explain how the gastrointestinal tract protects us


from infection.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Digestion in Health and Disease

55.) When an antigen is present, ____ are the first type of white blood cell to
come to the body’s defense.

1. a) antigens
2. b) antibodies
3. c) lymphocytes
4. d) phagocytes

Anwers: d

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.4 Discuss disorders of the digestive system and food
allergies.
Learning Objective 2: 3.4.1 Explain how the gastrointestinal tract protects us
from infection.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Digestion in Health and Disease

Question Type: True/False

56) Food allergies have their origins in the GI tract.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.4 Discuss disorders of the digestive system and food
allergies.

Learning Objective 2: 3.4.2 Describe how a food allergy is triggered.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Digestion in Health and Disease

Question Type: Multiple Choice

57) Which of the following statements about food allergies is FALSE?

1. a) An allergen is the name referred to the substance that causes an


allergic reaction.
2. b) As food is digested, fragments of undigested protein trigger production
of antibodies.
3. c) Some of the most common ingredients that cause allergic reactions are
peanuts, milk, and eggs.
4. d) The first time a food is consumed, it triggers an allergic reaction.

Answer: d

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: 3.4 Discuss disorders of the digestive system and food
allergies.

Learning Objective 2: 3.4.2 Describe how a food allergy is triggered.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Digestion in Health and Disease

58) Which of the following is NOT a common food allergen?

1. a) eggs
2. b) milk
3. c) strawberries
4. d) wheat

Answer: c

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.4 Discuss disorders of the digestive system and food
allergies.

Learning Objective 2: 3.4.2 Describe how a food allergy is triggered.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Digestion in Health and Disease


 

59) A Helicobacter pylori infection can cause

1. a) constipation.
2. b) food allergies.
3. c) gallstones.
4. d) peptic ulcers.

Answer: d

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.4 Discuss disorders of the digestive system and food
allergies.

Learning Objective 2: 3.4.3 Discuss the causes and consequences of ulcers,


heartburn, and GERD.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Digestion in Health and Disease

Question Type: True/False

60) The most common cause of peptic ulcers is misuse of medications such as
aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Answer:  False

Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: 3.4 Discuss disorders of the digestive system and food
allergies.

Learning Objective 2: 3.4.3 Discuss the causes and consequences of ulcers,


heartburn, and GERD.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Digestion in Health and Disease

Question Type: Multiple Choice

61) ____ is a chronic condition in which acidic stomach contents leak into the
esophagus, causing pain and damaging the esophagus.

1. a) Constipation
2. b) GERD
3. c) Heartburn
4. d) Vomiting

Answer: b

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.4 Discuss disorders of the digestive system and food
allergies.

Learning Objective 2: 3.4.3 Discuss the causes and consequences of ulcers,


heartburn, and GERD.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Digestion in Health and Disease

 
62) Jasmine has gallstones and experiences severe pain when she eats. What
substance should she avoid to try to reduce the pain she is experiencing?

1. a) Caffeinated coffee
2. b) French fries
3. c) Fresh fruits and vegetables
4. d) Peppermint and spearmint

Answer: b

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: Learning Objective 1: 3.4 Discuss disorders of the digestive


system and food allergies.

Learning Objective 2: 3.4.4 Explain how dental problems and gallstones might
affect food intake.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Digestion in Health and Disease

Question Type: True/False

63) Gallstones can interfere with bile secretions and reduce fat absorption.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: Learning Objective 1: 3.4 Discuss disorders of the digestive


system and food allergies.
Learning Objective 2: 3.4.4 Explain how dental problems and gallstones might
affect food intake.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Digestion in Health and Disease

Question Type: Multiple Choice

64) In regard to blood circulation, if you begin with oxygen-poor blood that
reaches the heart from the body and is pumped through arteries to capillaries of
the lungs, then determine the order for the following:

1. In capillaries of the body, nutrients and oxygen move from the blood to
body tissues.
2. Oxygen-rich blood returns to the heart from the lungs by veins.
3. In capillaries of the lungs, oxygen from inhaled air is picked up by the
blood and carbon dioxide is released into the lungs and exhaled.
4. Oxygen-rich blood is pumped out of the heart into arteries leading to the
body.

1. a) 1 → 3 → 4 → 2
2. b) 4 → 2 → 1 → 3
3. c) 3 → 2 → 4 → 1
4. d) 2 → 3 → 1 → 4

Answer: c

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.5 Describe how the circulatory system delivers nutrients
to the cells of the body, the structure and function of the lymphatic system, and
how wastes are eliminated from the body.
Learning Objective 1: 3.5.1 Trace the path of blood circulation.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.5 Delivering Nutrients and Eliminating Wastes

Question Type: True/False

65) The lymphatic system is a circulatory system.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: 3.5 Describe how the circulatory system delivers nutrients
to the cells of the body, the structure and function of the lymphatic system, and
how wastes are eliminated from the body.

Learning Objective 1: 3.5.1 Trace the path of blood circulation.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.5 Delivering Nutrients and Eliminating Wastes

Question Type: Multiple Choice

66) The exchange of nutrients and gases occurs across the thin walls of the

1. a) blood capillaries.
2. b) lacteals.
3. c) pharynx.
4. d) large intestine.

Answer: a

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.5 Describe how the circulatory system delivers nutrients
to the cells of the body, the structure and function of the lymphatic system, and
how wastes are eliminated from the body.

Learning Objective 1: 3.5.1 Trace the path of blood circulation.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.5 Delivering Nutrients and Eliminating Wastes

Question Type: True/False

67) Lymph vessels from the intestine drain into the thoracic duct near the heart.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: 3.5 Describe how the circulatory system delivers nutrients
to the cells of the body, the structure and function of the lymphatic system, and
how wastes are eliminated from the body.

Learning Objective 1: 3.5.1 Trace the path of blood circulation.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.5 Delivering Nutrients and Eliminating Wastes

 
68) The hepatic portal circulation delivers nutrients from the lacteals to the liver.

Answer: False

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.5 Describe how the circulatory system delivers nutrients
to the cells of the body, the structure and function of the lymphatic system, and
how wastes are eliminated from the body.

Learning Objective 1: 3.5.1 Trace the path of blood circulation.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.5 Delivering Nutrients and Eliminating Wastes

Question Type: Multiple Choice

69) As compared to when you are at rest between meals, when you have eaten a
meal, a ____________ proportion of your blood goes to your digestive system.

1. a) smaller
2. b) the same
3. c) greater

Answer: c

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.5 Describe how the circulatory system delivers nutrients
to the cells of the body, the structure and function of the lymphatic system, and
how wastes are eliminated from the body.
Learning Objective 1: 3.5.2 Discuss how blood flow is affected by eating and
activity.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.5 Delivering Nutrients and Eliminating Wastes

70) As compared to when you are at rest between meals, when you are
exercising, a ___________ proportion of your blood goes to your digestive system.

1. a) smaller
2. b) the same
3. c) greater

Answer: a

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.5 Describe how the circulatory system delivers nutrients
to the cells of the body, the structure and function of the lymphatic system, and
how wastes are eliminated from the body.

Learning Objective 1: 3.5.2 Discuss how blood flow is affected by eating and
activity.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.5 Delivering Nutrients and Eliminating Wastes

71) Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?

1. a) Aiding in the absorption of water-soluble substances


2. b) Containing infection-fighting cells
3. c) Draining fluid that collects in tissues and between cells
4. d) All of these are functions of the lymphatic system.

 
Answer: a

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: Learning Objective 1: 3.5 Describe how the circulatory


system delivers nutrients to the cells of the body, the structure and function of
the lymphatic system, and how wastes are eliminated from the body.

Learning Objective 1: 3.5.3 Explain the functions of the lymphatic system.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.5 Delivering Nutrients and Eliminating Wastes

Question Type: True/False

72) Substances absorbed into the lymphatic system do not pass through the liver
before entering the general blood circulation.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: Learning Objective 1: 3.5 Describe how the circulatory


system delivers nutrients to the cells of the body, the structure and function of
the lymphatic system, and how wastes are eliminated from the body.

Learning Objective 1: 3.5.3 Explain the functions of the lymphatic system.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.5 Delivering Nutrients and Eliminating Wastes

Question Type: Multiple Choice


 

73) The _____ system eliminates the majority of nitrogen-containing metabolic


waste products.

1. a) circulatory
2. b) integumentary
3. c) respiratory
4. d) urinary

Answer: d

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: Learning Objective 1: Learning Objective 1: 3.5 Describe


how the circulatory system delivers nutrients to the cells of the body, the
structure and function of the lymphatic system, and how wastes are eliminated
from the body.

Learning Objective 1: 3.5.4 List four ways in which waste products are
eliminated from the body.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.5 Delivering Nutrients and Eliminating Wastes

Question Type: True/False

74) Water, minerals, and nitrogen-containing by-products of protein digestion are


filtered out of the blood by the lungs.

Answer: False
 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: Learning Objective 1: Learning Objective 1: 3.5 Describe


how the circulatory system delivers nutrients to the cells of the body, the
structure and function of the lymphatic system, and how wastes are eliminated
from the body.

Learning Objective 1: 3.5.4 List four ways in which waste products are
eliminated from the body.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.5 Delivering Nutrients and Eliminating Wastes

75) Nutrients are used for energy or to synthesize substances in the body after
they are absorbed.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.6 Describe how the body derives energy and other
products from carbohydrates, lipids, and protein.

Learning Objective 1: 3.6.1 Discuss two general ways in which nutrients can be
used after they have been absorbed.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 An Overview of Metabolism

Question Type: Multiple Choice

76) Protein is synthesized by the _____ of the cell.


 

1. a) mitochondria
2. b) nucleus
3. c) phagocyte
4. d) ribosomes

Answer: d

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.6 Describe how the body derives energy and other
products from carbohydrates, lipids, and protein.

Learning Objective 2: 3.6.2 Describe what happens in cellular respiration.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 An Overview of Metabolism

77) Cellular respiration occurs in the ___ of the cell.

1. a) mitochondria
2. b) nucleus
3. c) phagocyte
4. d) ribosomes

Answer: a

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.6 Describe how the body derives energy and other
products from carbohydrates, lipids, and protein.

Learning Objective 2: 3.6.2 Describe what happens in cellular respiration.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 An Overview of Metabolism


 

Question Type: True/False

78) Cellular respiration uses oxygen to convert glucose, fatty acids, and amino
acids into carbon dioxide, water, and ATP.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.6 Describe how the body derives energy and other
products from carbohydrates, lipids, and protein.

Learning Objective 2: 3.6.2 Describe what happens in cellular respiration.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 An Overview of Metabolism

Question Type: Multiple Choice

79) The end results of cellular respiration include all of the following EXCEPT

1. a) amino acids.
2. b) carbon dioxide.
3. c) energy.
4. d) water.

 
Answer: a

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.6 Describe how the body derives energy and other
products from carbohydrates, lipids, and protein.

Learning Objective 2: 3.6.2 Describe what happens in cellular respiration.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 An Overview of Metabolism

80) Cellular respiration converts all of the substrates into energy EXCEPT:

1. a) amino acids.
2. b) carbon dioxide.
3. c) fatty acids.
4. d) glucose.

Answer: b

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.6 Describe how the body derives energy and other
products from carbohydrates, lipids, and protein.

Learning Objective 2: 3.6.2 Describe what happens in cellular respiration.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 An Overview of Metabolism

Question Type: True/False

 
 

81) Excess amino acids can be converted into fatty acids and stored as body fat.

Answer: True

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: 3.6 Describe how the body derives energy and other
products from carbohydrates, lipids, and protein.

Learning Objective 2: 3.6.3 List the types of molecules that can be made from
glucose, from fatty acids, and from amino acids.

Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 An Overview of Metabolism

Question Type: Essay

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