Oracle 12c DBA Best Practices and Job Responsibilities PDF

27.02.
2015 Oracle 12c DBA Best Practices and Job Responsibilities
Oracle DBA Best Practices
Version 12.1.0.2
Overview
Library Note The Library is currently in the process of being upgraded from Oracle Database Version 11.2.0.3 to 12.1.0.1. Demos are being upgraded to re
new Container paradigm as well as EBR (Edition Based Redefinition) and may contain references to CDBs, PDBs, and other objects you may
familiar with such as CDB_OBJECTS_AE: Welcome to 12c.
One question that comes up frequently during DBA Boot Camps is ... "what is my job?" Another is "when I take over a new system what should I do first?" Lots of people are running around with
"DBA" but nowhere is the job, itself, clearly defined. With that in mind this page is dedicated to collecting socalled "best practice" advice on what to do in these situations. Actions are on the lef
and descriptions on the right.

How should I work with Oracle Support?
It is amazing how few Oracle DBAs have had formal training on how to work effectively with Oracle Support. Here is your guide to getting the support you need. Link. Simply put the most effecti
work with Oracle Support is to learn their internal rules and make them follow those rules. Also never have this phone number any more than a mouse click away: (800) 2231711 and escalate as
you feel you are not getting the value you are paying for. That said ... Oracle Support is not a training organization so don't abuse them or expect them to teach you your job.

What should I do today?
1. Review the alert log Every day, at least twice, you should look at the alert log. I know a lot of people of monitoring systems, often internally developed that should do this.
any of them.
Also see the demos under ADR Command Interpreter and External Tables
2. Determine if there is block level conn / as sysdba
corruption. Report new blocks corrupted
and corrupted remaining from the previous
col corruption_change# format 99999999999999999999
day's report
SELECT * FROM v$database_block_corruption ORDER BY 1,3;
FILE# BLOCK# BLOCKS CORRUPTION_CHANGE# CORRUPTIO

22 162844 4 10594075667556 CORRUPT
if corruption is found use the following SQL to identify the corrupt segment(s)
SELECT de.owner, de.segment_name, de.segment_type
FROM dba_extents de, v$database_block_corruption vdbc
WHERE de.file_id = vdbc.file#
AND vdbc.block# BETWEEN de.block_id AND (de.block_id+(de.blocks1));
then consider using DBMS_REPAIR to repair the corruption.
3. Verify the status of last night's backup. conn / as sysdba
Report new backup corruption and
previous unmitigated backup corruption
SELECT set_stamp, piece#, file#, block#, blocks, marked_corrupt, corruption_type
events
FROM v$backup_corruption;
SET_STAMP PIECE# FILE# BLOCK# BLOCKS MAR CORRUPTIO

711749250 1 22 103631 3 NO LOGICAL
SELECT recid, stamp, copy_recid, file#, block#, blocks, marked_corrupt, corruption_type
FROM v$copy_corruption;
RECID STAMP COPY_RECID FILE# BLOCK# BLOCKS MAR CORRUPTIO

1 705195114 9 22 39918 1 NO LOGICAL
4. Look for newly invalidated objects and conn / as sysdba
unusable indexes
SELECT owner, object_type, COUNT(*)
FROM dba_objects_ae
WHERE status = 'INVALID'
GROUP BY owner, object_type;
SELECT owner, table_name, index_name
FROM dba_indexes
WHERE status = 'UNUSABLE';
if a CDB log into every PDB and rerun the same SQL statement
5. Are there any hung resumable sessions SELECT user_id, session_id, status, suspend_time, error_number
FROM dba_resumable;
6. Are there any blocked sessions SELECT (
SELECT username
FROM gv$session
WHERE sid=a.sid) blocker,
a.sid, ' is blocking ', (
SELECT username
FROM gv$session
WHERE sid=b.sid) blockee, b.sid
FROM gv$lock a, gv$lock b
WHERE a.block = 1
AND b.request > 0
AND a.id1 = b.id1
AND a.id2 = b.id2;
7. Backup Control File to Trace ALTER DATABASE BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO TRACE AS '/home/oracle/control_file.bkp';
http://www.morganslibrary.org/reference/dba_best_practices.html 1/9
27.02.2015 Oracle 12c DBA Best Practices and Job Responsibilities
8. Verify the system did not restart without col host_name format a15
your knowledge
SELECT instance_name, host_name, startup_time, status, logins
FROM gv$instance
ORDER BY 1;
INSTANCE_NAME HOST_NAME STARTUP_TIME STATUS LOGINS

mlm01p1 usml9001a 07JUL2013 04:42:50 OPEN ALLOWED
mlm01p2 usml9001b 15JUL2013 12:52:17 OPEN ALLOWED
9. Look for anomalies in log switch SELECT TO_CHAR(first_time,'MMDD') MMDD,
frequency and switch frequencies greater TO_CHAR(SUM(DECODE(TO_CHAR(first_time,'HH24'),'00',1,0)),'99') "00",
than 12 per hour.
TO_CHAR(SUM(DECODE(TO_CHAR(first_time,'HH24'),'01',1,0)),'99') "01",
For example there seem to be a couple of TO_CHAR(SUM(DECODE(TO_CHAR(first_time,'HH24'),'02',1,0)),'99') "02",
patterns visible in the data to the right and TO_CHAR(SUM(DECODE(TO_CHAR(first_time,'HH24'),'03',1,0)),'99') "03",
some obvious outages. TO_CHAR(SUM(DECODE(TO_CHAR(first_time,'HH24'),'04',1,0)),'99') "04",
In this real production data you can see
clear evidence that if the DBA had not
been asleep at the wheel the problems TO_CHAR(SUM(DECODE(TO_CHAR(first_time,'HH24'),'07',1,0)),'99') "07",
might have been caught and dealt with TO_CHAR(SUM(DECODE(TO_CHAR(first_time,'HH24'),'08',1,0)),'99') "08",
before the outages. And do you get the TO_CHAR(SUM(DECODE(TO_CHAR(first_time,'HH24'),'09',1,0)),'99') "09",
impression that some things have been TO_CHAR(SUM(DECODE(TO_CHAR(first_time,'HH24'),'10',1,0)),'99') "10",
timed for 00, 06, 12, and 18 hrs? How
predictable.
TO_CHAR(SUM(DECODE(TO_CHAR(first_time,'HH24'),'23',1,0)),'99') "23"
FROM v$log_history
GROUP BY TO_CHAR(first_time,'MMDD')
ORDER BY 1;
MMDD 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

0609 16 11 9 8 8 10 12 8 8 10 8 10 14 10 11 15 15 8 12 8 7 6 9 7
0610 13 12 8 9 7 6 11 9 6 8 7 8 12 6 7 6 8 7 10 7 4 4 4 5
0611 12 8 5 9 9 7 11 7 6 7 8 5 12 9 10 8 9 12 12 10 6 6 9 8
0612 13 12 7 9 7 9 10 10 7 7 9 8 11 7 7 8 7 7 11 9 5 6 8 7
0613 12 11 7 8 8 7 13 7 9 7 8 7 13 10 9 8 8 8 11 8 7 5 7 6
0614 15 10 9 9 8 9 13 9 9 7 11 13 11 9 8 9 13 9 12 9 7 9 7 7
0615 15 10 10 8 10 9 12 8 9 8 9 7 13 6 8 7 7 7 15 10 7 7 7 5
0616 13 8 8 7 7 6 10 8 11 7 8 6 11 7 12 13 13 14 13 9 9 9 7 8
0617 15 13 10 9 8 9 16 8 8 10 9 10 16 11 10 10 8 11 13 8 9 9 7 9
0618 12 13 15 15 13 13 15 13 9 12 8 11 14 9 10 9 9 8 14 9 8 8 9 8
0619 16 11 10 11 9 9 13 12 10 9 12 12 17 8 9 9 11 11 14 9 9 11 10 12
0620 19 15 11 10 10 10 19 11 9 9 9 9 13 7 15 10 11 11 12 10 9 11 11 10
0621 13 16 11 9 10 13 16 8 14 9 11 12 17 10 10 11 8 11 14 8 11 14 8 11
0622 16 13 13 11 11 9 16 9 9 11 10 11 17 10 9 10 10 10 13 14 9 10 10 8
0623 19 13 12 13 13 11 16 12 11 11 11 11 16 9 10 13 2 14 14 8 9 8 8 8
0624 14 9 9 9 7 9 11 8 8 7 8 8 14 7 8 7 9 3 6 0 0 0 0 0
0625 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
0626 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 2 2 3 2 7 5 6 1 0 0 0
0627 3 10 0 0 0 5 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 5 3 7 1 0
0629 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 4 0 0 6 7 6
0630 7 4 23 19 9 10 5 6 7 17 19 17 15 17 15 43 40 32 17 15 14 20 13 15
0701 15 12 14 12 13 12 13 17 15 17 20 20 18 18 17 15 14 13 10 10 15 15 13 19
0702 21 22 20 18 14 14 12 13 11 11 14 14 14 10 9 10 9 10 11 9 11 9 10 12
0703 9 13 10 17 14 17 15 17 23 20 19 20 17 19 16 17 15 17 15 15 15 16 16 18
0704 22 19 19 18 16 15 13 13 14 11 13 10 12 14 10 12 14 11 9 11 12 13 12 9
0705 14 13 9 11 10 12 13 11 11 8 10 10 11 11 11 12 10 10 9 10 8 9 12 7
0706 14 15 11 12 9 15 13 12 12 9 12 14 12 12 12 12 13 11 8 9 12 13 2 0
0707 0 0 1 0 3 15 10 10 7 8 10 11 12 8 6 9 13 12 9 8 9 8 10 10
0708 16 9 8 15 10 11 9 8 8 14 9 10 10 8 8 14 15 10 9 9 8 9 10 10
0709 13 12 9 10 10 9 9 10 11 11 8 9 9 8 9 13 8 9 6 9 9 11 10 9
0710 12 10 9 10 9 12 9 8 8 11 7 10 11 9 9 13 10 9 8 9 11 12 10 10
0711 15 12 9 13 9 12 8 10 11 13 9 8 10 9 8 12 11 12 9 9 10 11 10 8
0712 13 12 10 13 10 10 9 7 10 11 9 10 12 12 12 15 12 9 8 9 11 12 12 12
0713 14 12 12 11 10 10 12 12 12 15 10 11 11 10 4 5 15 14 10 9 8 8 13 6
0714 12 12 9 9 11 10 10 9 10 9 14 7 7 8 8 9 14 9 9 10 12 8 13 10
0715 10 10 9 14 12 15 12 14 13 15 10 11 9 4 8 6 8 7 6 7 8 8 8 8
0716 10 11 9 8 8 9 9 6 6 7 7 12 7 9 15 14 13 16 12 14 11 9 6 7
0717 10 10 9 9 9 10 12 14 11 10 12 9 8 12 7 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10. Verify that your backup was this query modified slightly from the listing below
successful SELECT start_time, end_time, input_type, status
FROM v$rman_backup_job_details
The example, at right, demonstrates real
world failures that require followup by ORDER BY 1;
reading the corresponding RMAN log files.
Also be alert to repeated failures that occur START_TIME END_TIME STATUS

at the same time of day as occurs in the 24JAN2013 17:34:47 24JAN2013 18:59:18 COMPLETED
output. 24JAN2013 23:40:21 25JAN2013 01:06:55 COMPLETED
25JAN2013 05:40:21 25JAN2013 06:46:35 COMPLETED
31JAN2013 23:59:34 01FEB2013 01:09:43 COMPLETED
01FEB2013 05:59:51 01FEB2013 07:02:11 COMPLETED
04FEB2013 00:05:56 FAILED
04FEB2013 20:03:17 05FEB2013 00:46:34 COMPLETED WITH ERRORS
05FEB2013 20:01:23 05FEB2013 22:05:26 COMPLETED WITH ERRORS
06FEB2013 20:01:50 06FEB2013 21:06:41 FAILED
07FEB2013 20:03:56 FAILED
08FEB2013 20:04:20 08FEB2013 22:19:13 FAILED
09FEB2013 20:05:35 09FEB2013 21:47:53 FAILED
10FEB2013 20:07:30 10FEB2013 21:54:22 FAILED
11. View incremental backups to verify SELECT vbd.file#, vrbjd.start_time, vrbjd.end_time, vbd.incremental_level, vrbjd.input_type
Level 0 vs Level 1 metrics vrbjd.status
FROM v$rman_backup_job_details vrbjd, v$backup_datafile vbd
WHERE vbd.completion_time BETWEEN vrbjd.start_time AND vrbjd.end_time
AND vrbjd.input_type <> 'ARCHIVELOG'
ORDER BY 2,1;
12. Verify datafile headers are consistent SELECT file#, status, error, format, recover, checkpoint_time
and current FROM v$datafile_header;
FILE# STATUS ERROR FORMAT REC CHECKPOINT_TIME

1 ONLINE 10 NO 01JUN2013 23:02:27
2 ONLINE 10 NO 01JUN2013 23:02:27
3 ONLINE 10 NO 01JUN2013 23:02:27
4 ONLINE 10 NO 01JUN2013 23:02:27
5 ONLINE 10 NO 01JUN2013 23:02:27
6 ONLINE 10 NO 01JUN2013 23:02:27
7 ONLINE 10 NO 01JUN2013 23:02:27
8 ONLINE 10 NO 01JUN2013 23:02:27
9 ONLINE 10 NO 01JUN2013 23:02:27
10 ONLINE 10 NO 01JUN2013 23:02:27
11 ONLINE 10 NO 01JUN2013 23:02:27
ALTER SYSTEM CHECKPOINT;
SELECT file#, status, error, format, recover, checkpoint_time
FROM v$datafile_header;
FILE# STATUS ERROR FORMAT REC CHECKPOINT_TIME

1 ONLINE 10 NO 02JUN2013 17:25:24
2 ONLINE 10 NO 02JUN2013 17:25:24
3 ONLINE 10 NO 02JUN2013 17:25:24
4 ONLINE 10 NO 02JUN2013 17:25:24
5 ONLINE 10 NO 02JUN2013 17:25:24
6 ONLINE 10 NO 02JUN2013 17:25:24
7 ONLINE 10 NO 02JUN2013 17:25:24
8 ONLINE 10 NO 02JUN2013 17:25:24
9 ONLINE 10 NO 02JUN2013 17:25:24
10 ONLINE 10 NO 02JUN2013 17:25:24
11 ONLINE 10 NO 02JUN2013 17:25:24
13. Verify that no one compiled anything in SELECT owner, name, type
debug mode FROM dba_plsql_object_settings
WHERE plsql_debug='TRUE'
ORDER BY 1,3,2;
14. Look at the audit trail I have been doing this for a very long time and only one thing amazes me more than DBAs tha
don't turn on auditing on their databases ... that is those that have turned on auditing an
never, not once, actually reviewed the audit trail to see if there are issues.
No day should pass without reviewing AUD$ and FGA_LOG$ for issues.
15. Look for invalid date constraints @?/rdbms/admin/utlconst.sql
16. Look for dependency timestamp errors @?/rdbms/admin/utldtchk.sql
17. Look for memory leaks and related col osuser format a15
issues col pid format 9999
col program format a20
col sid format 99999
col spid format a6
col username format a12
SELECT
p.spid,p.pid,s.sid,s.serial#,s.status,p.pga_alloc_mem,p.PGA_USED_MEM,s.username,s.osuser,s.
FROM v$process p,v$session s
WHERE s.paddr ( + ) = p.addr
AND p.background IS NULL remove if need to monitor background processes
ORDER BY p.pga_alloc_mem DESC;
SPID PID SID SERIAL# STATUS PGA_ALLOC_MEM PGA_USED_MEM USERNAME OSUSER PROGRAM

8480 29 134 7 ACTIVE 3,837,058,284 1,915,366,348 SYSTEM ORACLE.EXE (CJQ0)
8108 44 113 1 ACTIVE 381,410,540 27,305,246 SYSTEM ORACLE.EXE (AS03)
8716 25 140 10 ACTIVE 59,497,708 54,748,654 PUBLIC NT AUTHORITY ORACLE.EXE\SY
7692 38 127 127 ACTIVE 49,470,700 1,198,750 SYSTEM ORACLE.EXE (MS00)
6676 37 125 35 ACTIVE 40,737,356 1,719,020 SYSTEM ORACLE.EXE (LSP0)
7232 14 157 1 ACTIVE 19,962,444 14,842,372 SYSTEM ORACLE.EXE (MMON)
8300 21 151 1 ACTIVE 12,377,324 4,945,804 SYSTEM ORACLE.EXE (ARC2)
896 22 150 1 ACTIVE 10,149,100 4,920,036 SYSTEM ORACLE.EXE (LNS1)
8712 10 161 1 ACTIVE 10,018,028 4,964,308 SYSTEM ORACLE.EXE (LGWR)
8828 39 123 1 ACTIVE 6,872,300 5,263,606 SYSTEM ORACLE.EXE (MS01)
18. What is the status of the database's SELECT con_id, dbid, name, open_mode
containers? FROM v$pdbs
ORDER BY 1;
19. Check for orphaned "FAKE" SELECT owner, object_name
NOSEGMENT indexes FROM dba_objects
WHERE object_type = 'INDEX'
MINUS
SELECT owner, index_name
FROM dba_indexes;
20. Check undo tablespace size and set serveroutput on
redize in accordance with any advisory
DECLARE
prob VARCHAR2(100);
reco VARCHAR2(100);
rtnl VARCHAR2(100);
retn PLS_INTEGER;
utbs PLS_INTEGER;
retv PLS_INTEGER;
BEGIN
retv := dbms_undo_adv.undo_health(prob, reco, rtnl, retn, utbs);
dbms_output.put_line('Problem: ' || prob);
dbms_output.put_line('Recmmnd: ' || reco);
dbms_output.put_line('Rationl: ' || rtnl);
dbms_output.put_line('Retentn: ' || TO_CHAR(retn));
dbms_output.put_line('UTBSize: ' || TO_CHAR(utbs));
END;
/
21. Sequence cache size SELECT sequence_owner, cache_size, COUNT(*)
FROM dba_sequences
Far too many sequences have the default
WHERE sequence_owner NOT LIKE 'SYS%'
size of 20 which results in lock handle
waits with RAC and interferes with good GROUP BY sequence_owner, cache_size;
performance.
22. Failed Scheduler Jobs SELECT owner, job_name, job_type, state, TRUNC(start_date) SDATE, TRUNC(next_run_date) NXTR
failure_count
FROM dba_scheduler_jobs
WHERE failure_count <> 0;
23. Disabled Constraints SELECT owner, constraint_name, constraint_type
FROM dba_constraints
WHERE status = 'DISABLED'
ORDER BY 1,2;
24. Disabled Triggers SELECT owner, trigger_name, trigger_type
FROM dba_triggers
WHERE status = 'DISABLED'
ORDER BY 1,3,2;
25. Have startup parameter changes been col update_comment format a50
documented.
SELECT name, value, update_comment
If not research the reason for the change
and update it with a comment FROM v$parameter
WHERE isadjusted = 'TRUE';
ALTER SYSTEM SET plsql_warnings = 'ENABLE:ALL'
COMMENT = 'Enabled in all containers 01012014';
26. Is the system being thrashed by SGA SELECT trunc(start_time), status, oper_type, oper_mode, parameter
resize operations FROM v$sga_resize_ops
WHERE initial_size <> final_size;
If so time to check whether AMM has
been deployed and go to ASMM
27. Where are sorts taking place: Memory SELECT a.value "Disk Sorts", b.value "Memory Sorts",
or disk? ROUND((100*b.value)/DECODE((a.value+b.value), 0,1,(a.value+b.value)),2) "Pct Memory Sorts"
FROM v$sysstat a, v$sysstat b
WHERE a.name = 'sorts (disk)'
AND b.name = 'sorts (memory)';
28. Count the number of times a SQL SELECT o.kglnaown||'.'||o.kglnaobj stored_object, sum(c.kglhdexc) sql_executions
statement used in a package has been FROM sys.x$kglob o, sys.x$kglrd d, sys.x$kglcursor c
executed as an indication of heavily used
WHERE o.inst_id = userenv('Instance')
packages
AND d.inst_id = userenv('Instance')
AND c.inst_id = userenv('Instance')
AND o.kglobtyp in (7, 8, 9, 11, 12)
AND d.kglhdcdr = o.kglhdadr
AND c.kglhdpar = d.kglrdhdl
GROUP BY o.kglnaown, o.kglnaobj
ORDER BY 2;
28. Are there skipped AWR snapshots DECLARE
x INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND;
y NUMBER;
s DATE;
p POSITIVE;
z VARCHAR2(40);
CURSOR intcur IS
SELECT dhs.end_interval_time dhs.begin_interval_time AS zz
FROM dba_hist_snapshot dhs
WHERE dhs.startup_time = s
ORDER BY dhs.begin_interval_time;
BEGIN
SELECT snap_interval
INTO x
FROM wrm$_wr_control
WHERE dbid = (SELECT dbid FROM v$database);
y := EXTRACT(MINUTE FROM x) + (EXTRACT(HOUR FROM x)*60);
SELECT MAX(s.startup_time)
INTO s
FROM dba_hist_snapshot s, dba_hist_database_instance di
WHERE di.dbid = s.dbid
AND di.instance_number = s.instance_number
AND di.startup_time = s.startup_time;
SELECT COUNT(*)
INTO p
FROM dba_hist_snapshot s, dba_hist_database_instance di
WHERE di.dbid = s.dbid
AND di.instance_number = s.instance_number
AND di.startup_time = s.startup_time
AND s.startup_time = s;
FOR intrec IN intcur LOOP
dbms_output.put_line(intrec.zz);
END LOOP;
END;
/

What should I know about this system and reverify on a regular basis?
1. Is it a container database? conn / as sysdba
SELECT con_id, dbid, name, open_mode
FROM v$pdbs;
2. Determine the actual version of Oracle conn / as sysdba
SELECT * FROM v$version;
also run the demos under DBMS_UTILITY.DB_VERSION and DBMS_UTILITY.PORT_STRING
4. Determine what components are conn / as sysdba
installed
col comp_name format a40
SELECT comp_name, version, status
FROM dba_registry;
5. Is the instance part of a RAC cluster conn / as sysdba
run the demo code under DBMS_UTILITY.ACTIVE_INSTANCES
(or)
SELECT *
FROM v$active_instances;
if it is you need to know the following:
1. Is it using ASM or a CFS?
2. Are all nodes current in timesync with an NTP server?
3. If ASM what is the number of ASM processes and does it correspond with the number of DB
6. Is Data Guard replication running? conn / as sysdba
SELECT protection_mode, protection_level, remote_archive, database_role, dataguard_broker,
guard_status
FROM v$database;
7. Is the database in ARCHIVE LOG conn / as sysdba
mode?
SELECT log_mode FROM v$database;
(or)
SQL> archive log list;
8. Are FLASHBACK LOGS being conn / as sysdba
collected?
SELECT flashback_on FROM v$database;
9. Is SUPPLEMENTAL LOGGING active? conn / as sysdba
SELECT supplemental_log_data_min, supplemental_log_data_pk, supplemental_log_data_ui,
supplemental_log_data_fk, supplemental_log_data_all
FROM v$database;
10. Where are the control files? conn / as sysdba
SELECT name FROM v$controlfile;
11. Where are the redo log files? Are there conn / as sysdba
at least two members in each group?
col member format a45
Thank you Nikunj Gupta for the
recommended changes to this and other
items. SELECT l.group#, lf.type, lf.member, l.bytes, l.status LOG_STATUS, lf.status LOGFILE_STATUS
FROM v$log l, v$logfile lf
WHERE l.group# = lf.group#
AND l.inst_id = lf.inst_id
ORDER BY 1,3;
12. What are the initialization parameters? conn / as sysdba
CREATE PFILE='/home/oracle/initparams.txt' FROM memory;
13. Capture database information conn / as sysdba
Thanks to Nikunj Gupta for the correction
col platform_name format a30
SELECT dbid, name, open_mode, database_role, platform_name
FROM v$database;
14. Capture instance information conn / as sysdba
SELECT instance_name, host_name, status, archiver, database_status, instance_role, active_s
FROM gv$instance;
15. Are default passwords in use? conn / as sysdba
SELECT d.username, u.account_status
FROM dba_users_with_defpwd d, dba_users u
WHERE d.username = u.username
AND u.account_status = 'OPEN'
ORDER BY 2,1;
If default passwords are in use either lock the accounts or change the passwords:
ALTER USER <user_name> ACCOUNT LOCK;
ALTER USER <user_name> IDENTTIFIED BY <new_password>;
16. Is BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING conn / as sysdba
enabled?
col filename format a60
SELECT filename, status, bytes
FROM v$block_change_tracking;
17. What features are being used? Run the demo code under DBMS_FEATURE_USAGE_REPORT
18. What profiles exist and are in use? conn / as sysdba
SELECT name, value
FROM gv$parameter
WHERE name = 'resource_limit';
SELECT profile, resource_name, limit
FROM dba_profiles
ORDER BY 1,2;
SELECT username, profile
FROM dba_users
WHERE account_status = 'OPEN'
ORDER BY 1;
19. Are case sensitive passwords conn / as sysdba
enabled?
SELECT name, value
FROM gv$parameter
WHERE (name LIKE '%sensitive%');
20. Is Advanced Queuing in use? conn / as sysdba
SELECT owner, queue_table, type
FROM dba_queue_tables;
21. Are Streams, CDC or other capture if a noncontainer database
and apply processes in use? conn / as sysdba
connect to each PDB in turn and run the following queries
SELECT capture_name, queue_name, status
FROM dba_capture;
SELECT apply_name, queue_name, status
FROM dba_apply;
22. Are event triggers in use? if a noncontainer database
conn / as sysdba
SELECT a.obj#, a.sys_evts, b.name
FROM sys.trigger$ a, sys.obj$ b
WHERE a.sys_evts > 0
AND a.obj#=b.obj#
AND baseobject IN (0, 88);
23. Is FORCE LOGGING enabled? conn / as sysdba
SELECT force_logging FROM v$database;
SELECT tablespace_name, force_logging
FROM dba_tablespaces
ORDER BY 2,1;
if not enabled
ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;
24. Is ADVANCED REWRITE in use? if a noncontainer database
conn / as sysdba
SELECT owner, name FROM dba_rewrite_equivalences;
25. Were system statistics collected? conn / as sysdba
SELECT pname, pval1
FROM sys.aux_stats$;
If the query result only shows values for FLAGS, CPUSPEEDNW, IOSEEKTIM, and IOTFRSPEED and the later two have the values 10 and 4096 yo
collect system statistics. Follow the link at the bottom of the page to do so.
exec dbms_stats.gather_system_stats('INTERVAL', 15);
26. When was the last time dictionary and if you don't know the answer to that question do so now
fixed object stats were collected
exec dbms_stats.gather_dictionary_stats;
exec dbms_stats.gather_fixed_objects_stats;
27. When was the last time processing my guess is never because processing rate stats are new to 12c
rate stats were collected
exec dbms_stats.gather_processing_rate('START', 20);
28. Examine enabled degree of parallelism if a noncontainer database
conn / as sysdba
SELECT degree, COUNT(*)
FROM dba_tables
GROUP BY degree;
SELECT degree, COUNT(*)
FROM dba_indexes
GROUP BY degree;
29. Determine who has access to the if a noncontainer database
SYSTEM and SYSAUX tablespaces. conn / as sysdba
Remove quota and move objects found in
violation of Oracle's advice.
SELECT username, tablespace_name
FROM dba_ts_quotas
WHERE tablespace_name IN ('SYSTEM', 'SYSAUX')
ORDER BY 1;
SELECT DISTINCT owner
FROM dba_segments
WHERE tablespace_name IN ('SYSTEM', 'SYSAUX')
ORDER BY 1;
and needless to say set the quota to 0 for any user other than those installed by Oracle
ALTER USER <username> QUOTA 0 ON SYSTEM;
ALTER USER <username> QUOTA 0 ON SYSAUX;
30. Set an appropriate conn / as sysdba
FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET
sho parameter fast_start_mttr_target
Read the Oracle docs and understand how to set an appropriate value for your system: For ex
these must not be set
SQL> show parameter checkpoint
NAME_COL_PLUS_SHOW_PARAM TYPE VALUE_COL_PLUS_SHOW_PARAM

log_checkpoint_interval integer 0
log_checkpoint_timeout integer 1800
log_checkpoints_to_alert boolean FALSE
SQL> show parameter io_target
NAME_COL_PLUS_SHOW_PARAM TYPE VALUE_COL_PLUS_SHOW_PARAM

fast_start_io_target integer 0
then set the value
ALTER SYSTEM RESET log_checkpoint_timeout SCOPE=SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET=15 SCOPE=SPFILE SID='*';
and restart the system
31. Look for security compromised by if a noncontainer database
public synonyms conn / as sysdba
SELECT DISTINCT table_owner
FROM dba_synonyms
WHERE owner = 'PUBLIC';
32. Do you have an RDA If your answer is "what is an RDA?" you've much to learn. There is a link at page bottom un
related topics. Download the tool from metalink and create an RDA. You should have a curren
for every Oracle database for which you are responsible available at all times.
33. Is TCP/IP Stack Optimization in place See Linux Oracle Installation and verify for your operating system version.
34. Is auditing enabled? if a noncontainer database
conn / as sysdba
SQL> show parameter audit
SELECT MAX(logoff$time)
FROM sys.aud$;
SELECT MAX(timestamp#), MAX(ntimestamp#)
FROM sys.fga_log$;
/* if auditing is not enabled, including auditing of SYS, what are you waiting for?An engraved invitation with gold leaf from your friends at anonymous?
are in use have the tables been moved to their own tablespace or are they still in SYSTEM? */
SELECT table_name, tablespace_name
FROM dba_tables
WHERE table_name IN ('AUD$', 'FGA_LOG$')
ORDER BY 1;
35. Is Network ACL too open? if a noncontainer database
conn / as sysdba
SELECT *
FROM dba_network_acl_privileges
WHERE end_date < SYSDATE
ORDER BY start_date;
36. What are the AWR parameters /* recommend collecting every 15 to 20 minutes and retention to a minimum of 31 days.
DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY link at page bottom to do so. */
SELECT retention, snap_interval, topnsql
FROM wrm$_wr_control
WHERE dbid = (SELECT dbid FROM v$database);
37. Patch Inventory verify the ORACLE_HOME environment variable has been set
echo $ORACLE_HOME
if it has not been then set it
cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
opatch lsinventory all
opatch lsinventory details
every time you apply a patch rerun these and keep the output for future reference
38. Is OS Watcher installed? If it isn't ... download from MyOracleSupport and set it up today.
Support Document Reference: OSWatcher Black Box (Includes: Video) [ID 301137.1]
Related Topics
ADR Command Interpreter
Auditing
DBMS_FEATURE_USAGE_REPORT
DBMS_FGA
DBMS_RESUMABLE
DBMS_UTILITY
DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
Developer Best Practice Guidelines
Oracle Best Practice Guidelines
Remote Diagnostic Agent (RDA)
Security
System Statistics
Troubleshooting Best Practice Guidelines

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