Sept. 27, 1938. F. R.

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SPIRAL, HEAT INTERCHANGER AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME
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SPIRAL, HEAT INTERCHANGER AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME
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Sept. 27, 1938. F. R. BCHOWSKY 2,131,265
SPIRAL, HEAT INTERCHANGER AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME
Filed March l, l937 5 Sheets-Sheet 3

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Sept. 27, 1938. F. R. BCHOWSKY 2,131,265
SPIRAL, HEAT INTERCHANGER AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME
Filed March 1, 1937 5 Sheets-Sheet 4

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SPIRAL, HEAT INTERCHANGER AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME
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2,131,265

UNITED STATES 2,3265

PATENT OFFICE
SPRA, EEAT INTERCHANGER AND
ME BOD OF MANG SAME
Francis R. Bichowsky, Toledo, Ohio, assignor to
The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Mich.,
a corporation of Michigan
Application March 1, 1937, Seria No. 128,318
13 Claims. (C. 113-118)
This invention relates to heat interchangers of one form of the present invention is clearly
and more particularly to a heat interchanger of shown.
the spiral type. In the drawings:
Although their efficiency is known to be of a Fig. 1 is a transverse section through a spiral
5 Very high degree, spiral heat interchangers have interchanger which embodies the present inven
not yet replaced bulkier and less eficient inter tion.
changers of other types. The reason therefore Fig. 2 is a cross-section through a spiral inter
resides in certain deficiencies in the construction changer which is similar to that shown in Fig.1.
of the known interchangers of the spiral type, Figs. 3 to 10 inclusive, are fragmentary section
O as well as in difficulties in constructing the same,
all
wherefore the cost of the better known construc is wound views of sheet stock of various profiles, which lo
tions proved to be prohibitive in spite of the ob Separate passagesup in spiral fashion to form the two
vious advantages of the spiral interchangers over of a spiral heat interchanger.
the interchangers of other types. The principal through Fig. ili is a fragmentary transverse section
s difficulty in present day spiral interchangers re part of a spiral interchanger, showing
sides in the failure of the necessarily thin parti Outer ends of the aspiral
more particularly modified connection of the 5
passages thereof with
tions between the spiral passages satisfactorily the outside of the interchanger.
to withstand the prevailing pressures in said pas
Sages. Hence, portions of these partitions even lineFig.2-2 12 is a fragmentary section, taken on the
of Fig. 11.
tually break through or at least become perma Fig. 13 is a fragmentary transverse section 20
nently distorted and throttle the spiral passages. through part of a spiral interchanger, showing
Difficulties have also been encountered in the another modified connection between the Outer
endeavor uniformly to space the partitions so as ends of the spiral passages and the Outside of
to obtain spiral passages of uniform cross-sec the interchanger.
tional area, as well as in sealing these passages Fig. 4 is a fragmentary transverse section
against leakage therebetween. Determined ef
forts to overcome these and other difficulties re through part of a spiral interchanger, showing
Sulted in extremely complicated and costly con aends third modified connection between the Outer
of the spiral passages and the outside of the
structions which do not readily lend themselves interchanger.
30 to repair or to replacement of parts.
It is, therefore, the primary aim and object of stock Fig. 15 illustrates a method for profiling sheet 30
the present invention to provide a spiral heat and for winding the profiled stock into
interchanger which is of simple and durable con spiral fluid conductor.
Figs. 16 to 19 inclusive, illustrate progressive
struction, the manufacturing cost of which is very Steps in the deformation of the sheet stock dur
low, and in which none of the difficulties of the ing the profiling process. More particularly, Figs. 35
present day constructions are encountered. 16 to 19 inclusive, are sections through the stock,
It is more particularly an object of the present taken
invention to provide for adequate reinforcement 19-9 on the lines 6-6, 7-7, 8-8 and
of Fig. 15.
of the thin partitions between the spiral passages
40 Of the interchanger. Figs, 20 to 22 inclusive, are fragmentary sec
tions of pairs of cooperating rolls which are 40
It is another particular object of the present adapted to profile the sheet stock. More particu
invention to provide for effective and durable larly, these figures are Sections taken on the lines
Sealing of the spiral passages of the interchanger. 29-20, 2-2 and 22-22 of Fig. 15.
It is also among the objects of the present in Fig. 23 illustrates a structure whereby the con
vention to manufacture the heat interchanger volutions of the spirally wound stock are tightly 45
by a minimum number of simple operations. In packed.
Connection therewith, it is particularly aimed at Fig. 24 is a section taken on the line 24-2 of
a simple mode of uniformly spacing the partitions Fig. 23.
to obtain spiral passages of uniform cross-sec Fig. 25 illustrates a modified structure for 50
tional area.
Further objects and advantages of the present stock. the convolutions of the spirally wound
packing
invention will be apparent from the following de Fig. 26 is an enlarged section taken on the line
scription, reference being had to the accompany 26-26 of Fig. 25.
55 ing drawings, wherein a preferred embodiment Fig. 27 illustrates another modified structure
 2 2,181,285
for packing the convolutions of the spirally Fig. 2 discloses substantially the Same Con
Wound stock. struction as Fig. 1, except that the flanges of the
Fig. 28 is an enlarged section taken on either spirally wound strip project outwardly, i. e., away
line 28-28 of Fig. 27. from the center of the interchanger. The central
5 Fig. 29 illustrates certain structure whereon portion of the interchanger may be constructed
the profiled stock is wound. in substantially the same manner as that shown
Fig. 30 is a section taken on the line 30-30 of
Fig. 29.
in Fig. 1, identical elements being denoted by the
same numerals carrying a prime. Fig. 2 also
Fig. 31 illustrates a modified structure where shows the absence of flanges on a central portion
10 on the profiled stock may be wound. of the strip 4' where located between the central 10 .
Fig. 32 is a section taken on the line 32-32 of members 7" and 8' in order not to interfere with
Fig. 31. the bottoms and tops 2 and 3, respectively of
Fig. 33 illustrates another modified structure these members. The flanges of the strip 4' are
whereon the profiled stock may be wound. also trimmed off where its outermost Convolutions
Fig. 34 is a section taken on the line 34-34 engage the end closures 2' and 3' as indicated
of Fig. 33. at 25, 26, 27 and 28. It can be readily observed
Fig. 35 illustrates a third modified structure that the flanges of each convolution of the spiral
whereon the profiled stock may be wound. ly wound strip 4a overlap the flanges of the
The present invention is more particularly di next convolution as at 29, thereby spacing con
20 rected to a heat interchanger wherein flat sheet secutive convolutions of the spirally wound strip,
stock is so profiled that the spirally wound stock readily aligning the convolutions and closing the
forms at least two spiral passages which are closed spiral passages except at the ends thereof. . .
except at the inner and outer ends thereof. In Fig. 3 shows the profile of the strip which is
Order properly to terminate the inner and outer used in the interchangers of FigS. 1 and 2. This
ends of the Spiral passages and to connect the strip has a substantially U-shaped profile, having 25
same in a desired manner with conventional con a web portion 30 and depending flanges 3. The
duits on the outside of the interchanger, such as flanges 3 are offset at 3 a to provide a longi
pipes, suitable end and central members are pro tudinal shoulder 32 which is flanked at both sides
vided. The central member or members may be by flange portions 34 and 35. When the strip is
30 placed into the Spirally wound stock, or may serve wound into its double-spiral shape, the Web 30a 30
as a mandrel on which the profiled stock is di of one convolution comes to rest against the
rectly wound into Spiral shape. The spiral pas shoulders 32 of the next convolution in the man
sages are Sealed in any suitable manner, for ner illustrated in Fig. 3 on account of the oppo
instance by applying fused metal to abutting or sitely projecting portions of each flange in Sub
35 Overlapped portions of consecutive convolutions stantially the two halves of the Strip length. 35
of the spirally wound stock. It will also be noted that the flange portions 35 of
Referring to the drawings and more particu one convolution are in overlapping engagement
larly to Fig. 1, there is illustrated one form of with the flange portions 34 of the adjacent con
construction of a spiral interchanger wherein two volution. The web portions 30a of Successive
40 spiral passages A and B are formed by a single convolutions are thus spaced apart and the two 40
strip fl of double-spirally Wound sheet stock of spiral passages between said web portions closed
the profile illustrated in Fig. 3. A substantially by the overlapping flanges 3. The spiral pas
Central portion of the strip is looped in form of sages of the interchanger are suitably Sealed, for
an S around portions 5 and 6 of a central hous instance by fused metal applied at 36 to the
ing 9 which may consist of two separate halves overlapping flange portions 34 and 35. The sin 45
and 8. The strip 4 forms a partition which ple cross-sectional shape of the strip in Fig. 3
divides the central member in two separate chan has the advantage that it may be readily formed
bers 0 and f. Chamber 10 communicates with by rotatable forming rolls, and that the shoulders
the Spiral passage A, while chamber if communi or offsets 32 in the flanges 3 form effective Spac
50 Cates with the spiral passage B. Preferably ing means for the web 3.0a of the spirally wound 50
threaded ports 7 and 8 provide communication strip. The overlapping flange portions 34, 35
between the outside of the interchanger and the furthermore lend a certain degree of rigidity to
chambers 0 and , respectively. The spiral the spirally wound strip prior to the permanent
paSSages A and B terminate on the outside in end joinder of the convolutions thereof by fused
55 members or end closures 2 and 3, respectively, metal, thus facilitating the assembly of the in 55
which are suitably secured to the outermost con terchanger.
volutions of the spirally wound strip f4. These Fig. 4 discloses a different cross-section of sheet
end members provide ready communication be stock, the Web At thereof having two depending
tWeen conventional conduits on the outside of flanges or legs 44 which space the adjacent con
60 the interchanger and the spiral passages A and B volutions of the spirally wound stock. The con 60 .
through preferably threaded ports 9 and 20, re volutions may be permanently joined by appro s
Spectively. The end members are preferably cast priate Sealing material applied along the seams
ings which may be secured to the outermost con 46. To reinforce the Web 40 against lateral
volutions of the spirally wound strip by welding deformation, for instance by uneven fluid pres
65 aS indicated at 2 and 22. Sures in the spiral passages, a longitudinal cor 65 s
To obtain two spiral passages by winding a rugation or bead 47 is formed Substantially cen
Single Strip in double-spiral fashion, it is neces trally of the web. Fig. 5 illustrates another pro
Sary that either flange over substantially one file of sheet stock, the Web 37 of which termi
half the length of the strip extends in a direc nates in Substantially semi-cylindrical spacing
70 tion opposite to the flange over substantially the flanges 38. O
other half of the length of the strip. If this re A single strip or two strips of the cross-section
quirement were not complied with, two engaging shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 may be used. If a single
flanges would alternate with two engaging webs strip is used, the beforementioned requirement
of the Strip with the result that only one single of reversing the direction of projection of each
75 Spiral passage would be obtained. flange substantially midway of its length must be 75
 2,181,265 : 3
complied with. The same requirement holds true sheet stock of the profile illustrated in Fig. 3,
for the reenforcing bead 47 (Fig. 4) when a Fig. 11 shows end closures 73 and 74 therefor
single strip is used and the beads of the Convolu which preferably conform to the profile of the
tions of the double-spiral are to project in the engaging spiral convolutions along their Surfaces
same direction as illustrated in Fig. 4. 75 and 6 and are secured thereto in any suitable
Fig. 6 illustrates another profile of a strip manner. The end closures 3 and 4 are prefer
which may be advantageously used in an inter ably castings which are provided with preferably
changer. The Web. 5 of this strip is provided with threaded ports 77 and 78, respectively. The
alternating oppositely extending corrugations or flanges 83 of one of the last convolutions 82 have
s O beads 54, 55, 56 and 57. The strip is preferably been preferably trimmed off substantially at 82a 0
doubled-back substantially midway of its length (Fig. 11) and secured to the adjacent end clo
and is then wound into spiral shape, whereby the sure 74. The flanges of the other last convolution
engaging beads 55, 55 and 56, 56 space the con 84 have also been preferably trimmed off sub
volutions of the spiral strip and form parallel stantially at 6a and secured to the end closure
5 spiral passages 50 and 59, as can be readily un 73. In Fig. 13 the end closures are in the form 5
derstood. These passages are closed by joining of pipes or conduits 86, joined to the outer con
the engaging beads 54 and 57 and by joining cy volutions of the spiral by soldering or welding as
lindrical and preferably tubular spacing members at 87 and 88. These conduits 86 are in communi
58 to the beads 54 and 57 which partly embrace cation with the spiral passages 89 and 89a through
20 said members. The members 58 are deposited on lateral openings 90. Fig. 14 discloses a construc 20
the outer bead near one edge of the strip between tion similar to that of Fig. 13, however, the pipe
the two outer beads near the other edge of the connections are made interiorly of the last con
strip before the latter is wound and after it is volutions instead of exteriorly as in Fig. 13.
doubled-back. The members 58 serve not only as Fig. 15 illustrates a method of making a spiral
25 closure and spacing members, but they also per interchanger from two separate strips of sheet 25
form the very important function of keeping con stock. More particularly, the disclosed method
secutive convolutions of the strip being wound in contemplates the profiling of moving sheet stock
perfect alignment. The remaining beads 55 and and the immediate winding of the profiled and
56 perform the important functions of reinforc moving stock into spiral shape.
30 ing the spiral Web. 5 of the wound strip. The separate strips 06 are passed through 30
Fig. 7 illustrates and ther modified profile of pairs of cooperating forming rolls which deform
sheet stock wound into a spiral interchanger, Said stripS until they assume the desired profile.
wherein the beads or corrugations 60 extend in In passing the strips 106 through the cooperating
one direction and the remaining corrugations 6 pairs of forming rolls O7 and 08, 2 and 3,
35 and 62 extend in the opposite direction. Ob f6 and , they are progressively deformed by
viously, two separate strips 63a and 63b have to these rolls in the manner illustrated in Figs. 17 35
be Wound in Order to obtain an interchanger of to 19, inclusive. The strips, upon leaving the
the illustrated cross-section. The strips 63a and rolls ft 6 and 7, have the profile illustrated in
63b may be cut from the same Supply strip as Fig. 19. Any suitable mandrel construction 2,
4) their profile is the same; however, one strip must which is preferably a central housing that forms 40
be inverted 180° relative to the other strip so a part of the interchanger being made, may be
that the corrugation 6 of one strip bears against used on which to wind the profiled strips, it being
the Web of the other strip, and the corrugation a requirement that both leading ends 06a of the
62 of said other strip bears against the Web of strips 06 be anchored in any suitable manner
45 said one strip. On Said construction 2, as can be readily un
The Sheet Stock of the cross-section shown derstood. 45
fragmentarily in Fig. 8, is corrugated substan In winding the profiled sheet stock, and more
tially in Zig-Zag or sawtooth fashion. In this particularly that shown in Fig. 3, it is advan
construction, the slightly flattened peaks 64 of tageous to use one or more heavy rolls such as
50 one convolution of the strip abut the flattened the roll 9 in Figs. 23 and 24 in order to pack 50
peaks 65 of the next convolution, thus defining the convolutions of the spiral tightly and also
two Separate passages 66 and 6 which are di to force the flanges of consecutive convolutions
Vided into numerous Sub-passages. into overlapping engagement. Instead of using
Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate further modified pro the heavy roller 9 for packing the convolutions
55 files of sheet Stock which may be used in a of the spiral, recourse can be had to tensioning 55
interchanger. The strip in Fig. 9 has corruga devices which maintain a portion of the unwound
tions at 68, 69 and 70, while the strip in Fig. 10 stock next to the wound stock under tension,
has corrugations at and 2. The beads 69 thereby also packing the convolutions during the
of the stock shown in Fig. 9 divide one of the winding. of the spiral. Figs. 25 and 26 show a
60 two spiral passages of the interchanger into two stationary tensioning device 95 through which
separate chambers, while the beads 7 and 72 two overlapped strip portions 93 and 94 pass on
of the stock shown in Fig. 10 create two spiral their way to the mandrel. The members (OO and
passages of different cross-Sectional area. fe of this device are forced into frictional en
Other profiles of sheet stock may be used with gagement with the strip portions by means of
65 limitedadvantage.
equal The present invention is not
to the disclosed, profiles, but includes bolts O5 and nuts 04. The frictional resistance
encountered by these strip portions against move
65
within its scope any spiral heat interchanger ment in the winding direction not only prevents
made of one or more flat strips of sheet stock, a loosening of the spiral convolutions, but effec
Substantially longitudinal portions of which are tively packs the same. If it is desired to ten
70 deformed in such manner that the deformations sion each strip portion individually, recourse is 70
Will cooperate to Space and/or reinforce the con had to the arrangement disclosed in Figs. 27 and
volutions of the spiral conductor to form at least 28, wherein a tensioning device of the type shown
two separate spiral passages. in Fig. 26 is provided for each separate strip
. ... To terminate...the spiral passages, more partic portion 98...and 99........... .
75 ularly but not necessarily those formed from Figs, 29 and 30 show a mandrel 32 whereon 75
 4. 2,181,265
the doubled-back strip 30 is wound into spiral and with respect to the outside of the inter
shape and from which the spiral has to be re changer, it is necessary permanently to seal the
moved for assembly with a central housing. More spiral passages. This may be accomplished in
particularly, the loop of the strip 30 is anchored any conventional Inanner.
on a post 3 which is removably mounted in The inexpensive and quick method of winding s
end plates 30a of the mandrel, and the doubled one or more strips in double-spiral fashion, there
back strip 30 is wound on the mandrel proper by obtaining two separate spiral passages.
32. For removal of the finished spiral, the post The provision of central and end closures which
3 is withdrawn and one of the end plates re properly terminate the spiral passages and pro
O moved from the mandrel proper, whereupon the vide for ready communication with conventional O
spiral can be stripped from said mandrel. The conduits, such as pipes, on the Outside of the
spiral conductor may be formed from a single interchanger.
strip as shown in Figs. 29 and 30, or it may be The provision of a central closure or housing
formed from two Separate Strips. FigS. 31 and which also serves as a mandrel on which the
5 32 illustrate the winding of two separate strips profiled stock is directly Wound. 5.
33 and 34 on a mandrel. In this instance, the It can be readily understood from the fore
leading and inwardly bent end of each strip is going that in manufacturing the spiral heat inter
Secured to the mandrel by means of a removable changer of the present invention, certain steps
lock or wedge f35. After the spiral has been in the method of manufacture are absolutely in
20 Wound, the wedge 35 is removed and the spiral dispensable. These steps, as they will be pointed 20
stripped from the mandrel, ready for assembly out hereafter, cannot be replaced by other steps
With a central housing. as they are in fact the only steps that will result
It has been previously mentioned that it is in the manufacture of the spiral heat inter
advantageous to wind the profiled strip or strips changer of the present invention. Thus, it is
on a nandrel which becomes a permanent part imperative to profile the stock before winding. 25
of the interchanger and forms the central hous It is equally imperative to wind the profiled stock
ing thereof. This practice eliminates such costly in double-spiral fashion. If one strip of profiled
operations as removing the spiral from its wind sheet stock is used, the same will have to be
ing mandrel and assembling the spiral with a doubled-back before Winding as otherwise only
30 central housing. Figs, 33 to 35 inclusive, illus one spiral passage would be obtained. Also, in 30
trate mandrel Constructions which will become the case of a single strip which has preformed
a permanent part of the interchanger. These passage closing and convolution spacing flanges,
constructions provide central, ported cham it is absolutely imperative that substantially one
bers for the interchanger. In Figs. 33 and 34, half the length of either flange extends in a
35 two open housings 37 and 38 substantially of direction opposite to the other half of the length 35
the type shown in Figs. 1 and 2 are removably thereof, as otherwise two engaging flanges would
mounted in any suitable manner on a rotary alternate with two engaging webs of the spiral
driver 38a, and the doubled-back, profiled strip convolutions and define One spiral passage only.
39 is looped partly around and partly between Substantially the same consideration applies to
40 the two housings as illustrated at 40, thereby a reinforcing bead which is formed in a single 40
partitioning the open housings to provide two strip and said single strip is wound in double
Separate chambers, each of which communicates spiral fashion into a spiral conductor, and said
with a spiral passage of the interchanger as well bead is required to project in one and the same
as with the outside of the interchanger. The direction throughout the convolutions, i. e. in
stock used in this particular instance has the pro wardly or outwardly with respect to the center of
file illustrated in Fig. 8. After the winding oper the spiral conductor.
ation is concluded, the housings 3 and 38 with These Specific steps in a method of making a
the spiral thereon are removed from the driver spiral heat interchanger according to the present
f38a, whereupon the convolutions are sealed in invention are the only possible steps in obtaining
any suitable manner and the end closures applied the heat interchanger. It is, therefore, under 50
to the spiral. Fig. 35 shows a modification where stood that these specific steps constitute an in
in two separate strips f45 and 46 are anchored Separable part of the present invention, and not
on a central housing 48 which is removably an independent invention.
mounted on a rotary driver 48a for winding While the form of embodiment of the present
55 the strips on said housing. After the Strips have invention, as herein disclosed, constitutes a pre 55
been completely wound, the central housing f48 ferred form, it is to be understood that other
With the Spiral thereon is removed from the forms might be adopted, all coming within the
driver, and the assembly of central housing and Scope of the claims which follow.
spiral properly sealed in any suitable manner. What I claim is:
It can be understood from the foregoing de 1. In a heat interchanger, a spiral fluid conduc 60
scription that the present invention includes tor made of a doubled-back single strip having a w
among others the following important features: Central Web portion and lateral longitudinal
The construction of a Spiral heat interchanger flanges wound in spiral fashion and having the
wherein the spiral passages are formed by spi flanges over substantially half the strip length
65 rally wound sheet stock which has such a profile extending outwardly from the Web in a direction 65
that it can be obtained by simple rolling meth opposite to that of the flanges on the other half
Ods. The profile of the stock is furthermore such of the strip length, thereby spacing all spirally
that certain portions thereof reinforce and/or extending portions of the strip and closing both
space the convolutions of the spirally Wound stock spiral paths between Said strip portions thereby
70 and thereby define two separate spiral paths, and obtaining two separate fluid passages. 70
that the same or other portions of the stock sub 2. In a heat interchanger, a spiral fluid con
stantially close the spiral paths except at the ductor made of sheet stock extending in double
ends thereof, thereby obtaining two separate Spi spiral fashion and having alternately oppositely
ral fuid passages. Inasmuch as the paSSages extending longitudinal deformations spacing all
s have to be leakproof with respect to each other convolutions of the double-spiral, closing both 75
 2,181,265 5
Spiral paths between said convolutions thereby With each other and together wound in spiral
obtaining at least two separate fluid passages, fashion on said means, the strip having longi
and reinforcing the convolutions against lateral tudinal deformations spacing all spirally extend
Collapse While permitting slight expansion and ing portions thereof from each other and closing
contraction of the convolutions in a direction par both spiral paths therebetween, thereby obtain
allel to the axis of the double-spiral, ing two separate fluid passages, each communi
3. In a heat interchanger, a spiral fluid conduc cating with a separate chamber through th
tOr made of sheet Stock of substantially U-shaped Opening thereof.
cross-section and extending in double-spiral 9. In a heat interchanger, the combination of
0. fashion, the flanges of the stock being offset at two identical housings open at one side and hav 0
points spaced from the web to provide longitudi ing certain side Walls So curved that they sub
nal shoulders each flanked on at least one side by stantially interfit when placed side by side in in
a flange portion whereby to permit partial over verted relation to each other; and a spiral fluid
lapping engagement between the flanges of con conductor made of a single strip of sheet stock
5 secutive convolutions of the double-spiral while and having a central portion thereof extending 15
the central web portion of one convolution abuts between the interfitting sides of both housings,
the flange shoulders on an adjacent convolution, the remaining strip portions being engaged with
thereby spacing the webs thereof and forming each other and together wound in spiral fashion
two separate spiral fluid passages. on said housings, the strip having deformations
20 4. In a heat interchanger, a spiral fluid conduc Spacing all spirally extending portions thereof and
tor made of centrally and longitudinally beaded closing both spiral paths therebetween, thereby
sheet stock having a central web and lateral de obtaining two separate fluid passages, each com
pending side flanges and extending in double municating with a housing through the opening
Spiral fashion with the flanges of consecutive con thereof.
25 Wolutions in substantially abutting engagement 10. In a method of making a heat interchanger,
With each other, thereby spacing the web thereof the steps of deforming longitudinal portions of
and forming two spiral fluid passages between a strip of sheet stock substantially at the edges
the convolutions of the double-spiral, and the thereof into lateral extensions so that substan
longitudinal bead reinforcing the spaced web wall tially one-half the length of the extension at
30 portions of the convolutions against lateral col either edge extends in a direction opposite to
lapse. Substantially the other half of the length of the
5. In a heat interchanger, a spiral fluid conduc extension at the same edge, doubling-back the
tor of strip sheet metal stock having an even deformed strip substantially midway of its length,
number of alternating oppositely projecting con and Winding the doubled-back strip into a spiral
35 Cavely appearing beads longitudinally of and in with the extensions engaging and spacing con
cluding each outer edge of the strip, said strip secutive convolutions, thereby obtaining two sep
sheet Stock being wound in double spiral fashion, arate Spiral passages.
the opposite concavely appearing beads of adja 11. In a method of making a heat interchanger,
cent convolutions engaging each other in abut the steps of deforming longitudinal portions of
40 ting relation, thereby spacing the convolutions of a strip of sheet stock Substantially at the edges 40
the Spiral and forming at least two separate spiral thereof into lateral extensions so that substan
fluid passages. tially one-half the length of the extension at
6. In a heat interchanger, a spiral fluid conduc
either edge extends in a direction opposite to sub
tor made of sheet stock having oppositely pro stantially the other half of the length of the ex
45 jecting longitudinal beads substantially at the tension at the same edge, deforming another 45
edges and being wound in double-spiral fashion, longitudinal portion of the sheet stock interme
Said conductor including convolution-spacing diate the edges into a longitudinal corrugation,
members secured to and extending between the doubling-back the deformed strip substantially
Opposite concavely appearing beads of the con midway of its length, and winding the doubled
50 volutions while the opposite convexly appearing back strip into a spiral with the extensions en 50
beads of the convolutions engage and are secured gaging and spacing consecutive convolutions,
to each other, thereby forming two separate spiral thereby obtaining two separate spiral passages
fluid passages. with reinforced spiral walls,
7. In a heat interchanger, a spiral fluid conduc 12. In a method of making a heat interchanger,
55 tor made of sheet stock having alternating oppo the steps of deforming longitudinal portions of a 55
sitely projecting longitudinal beads of such num strip of sheet stock substantially at the edges
ber that the outermost beads project to opposite thereof into lateral extensions so that substan
sides of the stock, said stock being wound in dou tially one-half the length of the extension at
ble-spiral fashion and said conductor including either edge extends in a direction opposite to
60 convolution-spacing members secured to and ex Substantially the other half of the length of the
tending between the opposite concavely appear extension at the same edge, corrugating a longi
ing Outermost beads of the convolutions while the tudinal portion of the strip intermediate the
Opposite convexly appearing outermost beads of edges so that the corrugation in substantially
the convolutions engage and are secured to each one-half the length of the strip projects in a
other, thereby forming two separate spiral fluiddirection opposite to that of the corrugation in
paSSageS. Substantially the other half of the length of the
8. In a heat interchanger, the combination of strip, doubling-back the deformed and corrugated
means providing a chamber having two openings strip substantially midway of its length, and
On opposite sides of the chamber; and a spiralwinding the doubled-back strip into a spiral with
70 fluid conductor made of a single strip of sheet the extensions engaging and spacing the convo 70
Stock doubled back Substantially midway of its lutions, thereby obtaining two separate spiral
length and having a central portion thereof ex passages, the spiral walls of which have corru
tending through said chamber to divide the lat gations projecting in the same direction.
ter in two separate chambers with one opening 13. In a heat interchanger, a central housing
75 each, the remaining strip portions being engaged divided into two halves, and a spiral fluid con- 5
6 2,131,265
ductor made of a single strip of double-spirally flanges on the other half of the strip, and the
wound sheet stock of substantially U-shaped pro doubled back portions of said strip being nested
file doubled back substantially midway of its and wound about the housing in double spiral
length with its midportion looped substantially fashion with the flanges spacing adjacent spiral
in the form of an S around the halves of the convolutions and forming end closures for two 5 f
housing, the flanges of Substantially half the separate fluid passages.
Strip length extending Outwardly from the cen
tral Web in a direction opposite to that of the FRANCIS R. BCEOWSY. i-