Understanding Anatomy and Physiology A Visual Auditory Interactive Approach 2nd Edition Thompson - Test Bank

Understanding Anatomy And
Physiology A Visual Auditory

Interactive Approach 2nd Edition
Thompson – Test Bank
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Sample Test
Chapter 3: Cells
MATCHING
Match the name of each cell part with its structure or function.
a. plasma membrane g. nucleolus
b. nucleus h. Golgi apparatus

c. cytoplasm i. centrioles
d. nuclear envelope j. lysosomes
e. nuclear pores k. mitochondria
f. chromatin l. cytoskeleton
1. The supporting framework of the cell
2. Known as cellular garbage disposals
3. The center of the cell
4. Double-layered membrane around the nucleus
5. Play a role in cell division
6. Cell’s “powerhouses”
7. Processes proteins and packages them for export to other parts of the cell
8. Threadlike structures composed of DNA and protein

9. Regulate the passage of molecules into and out of the nucleus
1. ANS: L PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 42
KEY: REMEMBERING
2. ANS: J PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 41
KEY: REMEMBERING
3. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 38|40
KEY: REMEMBERING
4. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 40
KEY: REMEMBERING
5. ANS: I PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 41
KEY: REMEMBERING
6. ANS: K PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 42
KEY: REMEMBERING

7. ANS: H PTS: 1 DIF:
E REF: 41
KEY: REMEMBERING
8. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 40
KEY: REMEMBERING
9. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 40
KEY: REMEMBERING
Match each cellular transport process with its description.
a. diffusion e. active transport pump
b. osmosis f. phagocytosis
c. filtration g. pinocytosis
d. facilitated diffusion h. exocytosis
10. Large particles are trapped in a portion of the plasma membrane and
brought into the cell
11. Water diffuses across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of

lower concentration of solute to an area of a high concentration of solute

12. Particles are pumped from an area of low concentration to an area of high
concentration by an energy-consuming structure in the plasma membrane
13. Particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low

concentration
14. Water and solutes move through a selectively permeable membrane as a

result of hydrostatic pressure
15. Cell products move out of a cell when a secretory vesicle containing these
products fuses with the plasma membrane

E REF: 46-47
KEY: REMEMBERING

E REF: 43|47
KEY: REMEMBERING

E REF: 45|47
KEY: REMEMBERING
13. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 43|47
KEY: REMEMBERING

14. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF:
E REF: 44|47
KEY: REMEMBERING

E REF: 46-47
KEY: REMEMBERING
MULTIPLE CHOICE
16. Which statement about the plasma membrane is true?
a. Phospholipids in the plasma membrane are stationary.
b. Cholesterol helps keep the plasma membrane pliable.
c. Proteins embedded in the cell wall act as channels.
d. The plasma membrane forms a barrier to prevent the infusion of water and solutes.
ANS: C
Phospholipids slowly move, keeping the membrane fluid. Cholesterol helps

stiffen and strengthen the plasma membrane. The plasma membrane is
selectively permeable, meaning that some substances pass through easily.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

39 KEY: ANALYZING

17. Which substance forms the bulk of the plasma membrane?
a. Protein
b. Cholesterol
c. Phospholipids
d. Glucose
ANS: C
Phospholipids form the bulk of the plasma membrane. Protein and cholesterol
are scattered within the phospholipid molecules. Glucose is not part of the
plasma membrane.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

39 KEY: REMEMBERING
18. Which of the following is one of the roles served by proteins in the plasma
membrane?
a. They strengthen the cell membrane.
b. They make the cell membrane impervious to water and solutes.
c. They serve as receptors for chemicals or hormones.

d. They attach to cholesterol to create identifying markers.
ANS: C
Cholesterol helps strengthen the cell membrane. The cell membrane is

selectively permeable. Proteins attach to carbohydrates—not cholesterol—to
create identifying markers.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

39 KEY: UNDERSTANDING
19. Threadlike structures composed of DNA and protein that fill a cell’s
nucleus are called
a. chromosomes.
b. chromatin.
c. ribosomes.
d. organelles.
ANS: B
Chromatin is threadlike structures composed of DNA and protein. DNA coil into
structures called chromosomes when a cell starts to divide. Ribosomes are the
cell’s protein-producing structures. Organelles are the “little organs” contained
throughout the cell.

PTS: 1 DIF: E REF:

40 KEY: REMEMBERING
20. What important task occurs in the nucleolus?
a. The manufacture of DNA
b. The secretion of cytoplasm
c. The manufacture of ribosomes
d. The production of glucose
ANS: C
The nucleolus manufactures ribosomes, the cell’s protein-producing structures.

DNA is created in the nucleus, not the nucleolus. Cytoplasm is a gel-like
substance that fills the space between the plasma membrane and the nucleus; it
is not secreted by the nucleolus. The nucleolus does not produce glucose.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

21. What is the network of membranous canals and curving sacs that extend
throughout the cytoplasm called?
a. Endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi apparatus
c. Mitochondria
d. Chromatin
ANS: A
Endoplasmic reticulum consists of a network of membranous canals and curving

sacs that extend throughout the cytoplasm. Golgi apparatus is flattened sacs
stacked on top of one another. Mitochondria are sausage-shaped organelles.
Chromatin is threadlike structures in the nucleus.
PTS: 1 DIF: E REF: 40-

42 KEY: REMEMBERING
22. How does the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum serve its purpose?
a. Its flattened sacs allow it to store protein.
b. Its membranous canals and curving sacs keep the plasma membrane from collapsing.
c. Its network of canals allows proteins to move toward the Golgi apparatus.
d. Its membranous vesicles contain various enzymes.

ANS: C
The endoplasmic reticulum contains canals that act as a passageway for

proteins on their way to the Golgi apparatus. None of the other answers is
correct.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

23. Which cellular structure helps sweep particles along a path?
a. Microvilli
b. Flagella
c. Lysosomes
d. Cilia
ANS: D
Cilia are hairlike processes along the surface of a cell that beat in waves to
sweep particles along a path. Microvilli are folds of the cell membrane that
greatly increase the surface area of a cell. Flagella are projections that have a
whiplike motion that helps move a cell. Lysosomes are membranous vesicles
that contain enzymes that help break down protein the cell does not need.
PTS: 1 DIF: E REF: 41-

42 KEY: REMEMBERING

24. Based on their function, where would you expect microvilli to be located in
the body?
a. Digestive tract
b. Respiratory tract
c. Flagella
d. Fallopian tubes
ANS: A
Microvilli greatly increase the surface area of a cell; therefore, they are typically
found in cells charged with absorbing nutrients, such as the intestines. The
respiratory tract and fallopian tubes both contain cilia, which help to move
particles (such as mucus in the respiratory tract or an egg cell in the fallopian
tubes). Flagella are found only on sperm.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

42 KEY: APPLYING
25. Water pressure that develops in a solution as a result of osmosis is called
a. a concentration gradient.
b. equilibrium.
c. osmotic pressure.
d. tonicity.
ANS: C
Water pressure, also called hydrostatic pressure, that develops in a solution as a

result of osmosis is called osmotic pressure. Equilibrium is the point at which no
further diffusion occurs. A concentration gradient is the difference in
concentration of a substance from one point to another. Tonicity is the ability of
a solution to affect the fluid volume and pressure within a cell through osmosis.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF: 43-

26. Based on your understanding of osmolarity and tonicity, which type of

intravenous fluid would you expect most patients to receive?
a. Isotonic
b. Hypertonic
c. Hypotonic
d. Equitonic
ANS: A
An isotonic solution is one in which the concentration of solutes is the same as

it is in the cell; therefore, water would move into and out of a cell at an equal
rate. A hypertonic solution would cause water to diffuse out of the cell, causing
it to shrivel. A hypotonic solution would cause water to flow into the cell,
causing it to swell or burst. There is no such thing as an equitonic solution.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

44 KEY: APPLYING
27. What force drives the process of filtration in the body’s capillaries?
a. The pressure of solutes inside the capillaries.
b. The pressure of blood inside the capillaries.
c. The pressure of solutes outside the capillaries.
d. The pressure of fluid outside the capillaries.
ANS: B
The pressure of blood inside capillaries forces water and dissolved materials
into surrounding tissues.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

28. Which body process makes use of the sodium-potassium pump?
a. The movement of mucus and foreign particles from the lungs

The movement of water and dissolved substances out of capillaries and into surroundin
b.
tissue
c. The creation of electrical potential for nerve conduction
d. The absorption of nutrients in the intestines
ANS: C
Cilia move mucus and foreign particles out of the lungs. Filtration is the method
by which water and dissolved substances move out of capillaries and into
surrounding tissues.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF: 44-

46 KEY: ANALYZING
29. Which statement most accurately describes the action of the sodium-
potassium pump?
The sodium-potassium pump works to transfer sodium from inside to outside the cell w
a.
transferring potassium from outside to inside the cell.
The sodium-potassium pump works to transfer sodium from outside to inside the cell w
b.
transferring potassium from inside to outside the cell.
The sodium-potassium pump pumps both sodium and potassium from inside to outside t
c.
cell.
d. The sodium-potassium pump pumps both sodium and potassium from outside to inside t
cell.
ANS: A
The sodium-potassium pump works to transfer sodium from inside to outside the
cell while transferring potassium from outside to inside the cell. All of the other
answers are incorrect.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

30. Facilitated diffusion depends on which structure?
a. Vesicles
b. Protein molecule in the cell membrane
c. Cholesterol molecule in the cell membrane
d. Gaps in capillary walls
ANS: B
Facilitated diffusion uses channels in protein molecules in the plasma membrane

to help the movement of some molecules across the membrane. None of the
other answers is correct.

PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:
31. Nucleotides consist of one of four types of:
a. sugar.
b. phosphate groups.
c. nitrogenous bases.
d. proteins.
ANS: C
Each nucleotide consists of one sugar, one phosphate group, and one of four
possible types of nitrogenous bases.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

32. What determines genetic code?
a. The types of nitrogenous bases in the DNA molecule
b. The type of sugar in the DNA molecule
c. The sequence of nitrogenous bases in the DNA molecule

d. The types of protein in the DNA molecule
ANS: C
The sequence of bases is the genetic code. All DNA molecules contain the same
four bases; they also contain the same type of sugar. There is no protein in the
DNA molecule.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

48 KEY: ANALYZING
33. RNA differs from DNA in that it:
a. is a single strand.
b. contains the sugar deoxyribose.
c. contains the base thymine instead of uracil.
d. does not contain a phosphate.
ANS: A
RNA contains the sugar ribose; it also contains the base uracil instead of
thymine. RNA and DNA both contain a phosphate group.

PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:
49 KEY: REMEMBERING
34. Chromosomes form during which phase of mitosis?
a. Anaphase
b. Metaphase
c. Telophase
d. Prophase
ANS: D
Chromatin begins to coil and condense and form chromosomes during prophase
—the first phase of mitosis.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

51 KEY: REMEMBERING
35. The chromosomes of a cell divide during which phase of mitosis?
a. Prophase
b. Anaphase
c. Metaphase
d. Telophase
ANS: B
During anaphase, the centromeres divide, forming two chromosomes instead of a

pair of attached chromatids.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

51 KEY: REMEMBERING
COMPLETION
36. A cell’s shape is determined by its ____________________.
ANS: function
PTS: 1 DIF: E REF:

37 KEY: REMEMBERING
37. The gel-like substance that surrounds the nucleus of the cell and contains
organelles is called ____________________.
ANS: cytoplasm
PTS: 1 DIF: E REF:

38 KEY: REMEMBERING

38. The ____________________ is the cell’s control center.
ANS: nucleus
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

39. The cell’s protein-producing structures are called ____________________.
ANS: ribosomes
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

40 KEY: REMEMBERING
40. The difference in concentration of a substance from one point to another

is called a ____________________.
ANS: concentration gradient
PTS: 1 DIF: E REF:

43 KEY: REMEMBERING
41. Filtration occurs because of differences in ____________________ on either

side of a membrane.
ANS: pressure

PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

42. The ____________________ molecule stores all of a cell’s genetic information.
ANS: DNA
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

48 KEY: REMEMBERING
43. The building blocks of DNA are millions of pairs of ____________________.
ANS: nucleotides
PTS: 1 DIF: E REF:

48 KEY: REMEMBERING
44. The process whereby RNA makes a copy of a strand of DNA is called
____________________.
ANS: transcription
PTS: 1 DIF: E REF:

49 KEY: REMEMBERING
45. The process whereby a cell splits into two identical daughter cells is
called ____________________.

ANS: mitosis
PTS: 1 DIF: E REF:

51 KEY: REMEMBERING
Chapter 4: Tissues
MATCHING
Match each item to the statement listed below.
a. osteocytes h. mucous membrane
b. cutaneous membrane i. ectoderm
c. serous membrane j. endoderm
d. extracellular matrix k. mesoderm
e. epithelial tissue l. adipose tissue
f. chondrocytes m. areolar tissue
g. reticular fibers

1. Lines body cavities
2. Supports small structures such as capillaries
3. Cartilage cells
4. The body’s largest membrane
5. Bone cells
6. Inner layer of fertilized egg
7. Lines the interior of the esophagus
8. Outer layer of fertilized egg
9. Secretes fluid that prevents friction as the lungs expand
10. Middle layer of fertilized egg
11. A key component of connective tissue

E REF: 58
KEY: REMEMBERING
2. ANS: G PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 61
KEY: REMEMBERING

E REF: 62
KEY: REMEMBERING

E REF: 66
KEY: REMEMBERING
5. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 67
KEY: REMEMBERING
6. ANS: J PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 57
KEY: REMEMBERING

E REF: 66
KEY: REMEMBERING
8. ANS: I PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 57
KEY: REMEMBERING
9. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 66
KEY: REMEMBERING
10. ANS: K PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 57
KEY: REMEMBERING
11. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF:

E REF: 61
KEY: REMEMBERING
MULTIPLE CHOICE
12. Soon after conception, the cells of the fertilized egg form layers called the
a. pre-embryonic, embryonic, and fetal layers.
b. epithelial, connective, nerve, and muscular layers.
c. ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm layers.
d. skeletal, muscular, neural, and internal layers.

ANS: C
Specialized tissues of the body form after cells of the rapidly dividing fertilized
egg organize into endodermal, mesodermal, and ectodermal layers. The
terms pre-embryonic, embryonic, and fetal usually refer to stages of fetal
development. The terms epithelial, connective, nerve, and muscular refer to
the types of body tissues. Skeletal, muscular, neural, and internal are terms
that refer to body structures but are not layers of the fertilized egg.
PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

13. Mucous membranes arise from which layer of the fertilized egg?
a. Endoderm
b. Mesoderm
c. Ectoderm
ANS: A
Mucous membranes arise from the endoderm. The mesoderm and ectoderm give
rise to other structures.
PTS: 1 DIF: E REF:

57 KEY: REMEMBERING
14. The nervous system arises from which layer of the fertilized egg?
a. Endoderm
b. Mesoderm
c. Ectoderm
ANS: C
The nervous system arises from the ectoderm. The mesoderm and endoderm
give rise to other structures.
PTS: 1 DIF: E REF:

57 KEY: REMEMBERING
15. Bone, muscle, and blood arise from which layer of the fertilized egg?
a. Endoderm
b. Mesoderm
c. Ectoderm
ANS: B
Bone, muscle, and blood arise from the mesoderm. The endoderm and ectoderm
give rise to other structures.

PTS: 1 DIF: E REF:

57 KEY: REMEMBERING
16. Tissues are categorized into four main groups based on
a. cell shape.
b. cell function.
c. cell wall thickness.
d. organ location.
ANS: B
Cells are grouped into different tissues based on similarity of cell function. Cell
shape is the basis for categorizing different epithelial tissue but not for grouping
cells into tissues. Cell wall thickness is not a variable used to sort cells into
tissues. The location of the organ does not influence tissue type.
PTS: 1 DIF: E REF:

57 KEY: REMEMBERING

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Understanding Anatomy And

Physiology A Visual Auditory

To Purchase this Complete Test Bank with Answers Click the

If face any problem or Further information contact us At tbzuiqe@gmail.com

a. plasma membrane g. nucleolus

b. nucleus h. Golgi apparatus

d. nuclear envelope j. lysosomes

e. nuclear pores k. mitochondria

1. The supporting framework of the cell

2. Known as cellular garbage disposals

3. The center of the cell

4. Double-layered membrane around the nucleus

5. Play a role in cell division

8. Threadlike structures composed of DNA and protein

9. Regulate the passage of molecules into and out of the nucleus

1. ANS: L PTS: 1 DIF:

2. ANS: J PTS: 1 DIF:

3. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF:

4. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF:

5. ANS: I PTS: 1 DIF:

6. ANS: K PTS: 1 DIF:

8. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF:

9. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF:

Match each cellular transport process with its description.

a. diffusion e. active transport pump

d. facilitated diffusion h. exocytosis

11. Water diffuses across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of

13. Particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low

14. Water and solutes move through a selectively permeable membrane as a

10. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF:

11. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF:

12. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF:

13. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF:

15. ANS: H PTS: 1 DIF:

16. Which statement about the plasma membrane is true?

a. Phospholipids in the plasma membrane are stationary.

b. Cholesterol helps keep the plasma membrane pliable.

c. Proteins embedded in the cell wall act as channels.

Phospholipids slowly move, keeping the membrane fluid. Cholesterol helps

PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

17. Which substance forms the bulk of the plasma membrane?

PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

a. They strengthen the cell membrane.

b. They make the cell membrane impervious to water and solutes.

c. They serve as receptors for chemicals or hormones.

Cholesterol helps strengthen the cell membrane. The cell membrane is

PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

PTS: 1 DIF: E REF:

20. What important task occurs in the nucleolus?

a. The manufacture of DNA

b. The secretion of cytoplasm

c. The manufacture of ribosomes

d. The production of glucose

The nucleolus manufactures ribosomes, the cell’s protein-producing structures.

PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

Endoplasmic reticulum consists of a network of membranous canals and curving

PTS: 1 DIF: E REF: 40-

a. Its flattened sacs allow it to store protein.

d. Its membranous vesicles contain various enzymes.

The endoplasmic reticulum contains canals that act as a passageway for

PTS: 1 DIF: M REF:

23. Which cellular structure helps sweep particles along a path?

PTS: 1 DIF: E REF: 41-