Patrick Keily and Patrick McNamara STANT EXPLAINED AND ILLUSTRATED Pee M ee a eRe rc ace e llsSummary contents To find the relevant work section within a topic refer to the detailed contents list, Detailed contents General rules ‘A Preliminaries/general conditions 9 C Existing site/buildings/services 15 D Groundwork E in situ eoneret recast concrete 37 F Masonry 3 G Struetural/Careassing metal/imber BI H Cladding/Covering 155 Waterproofing 139 K Linings/Sheathing/Dry partitionin 213 ‘Windows/Doors/Stairs 29 MSurface finishes N Furniture/Equipment 299 P Building fabrie sundries 303 Q Paving/Planting/Fencing/Site furniture 327 R Disposal systems 351 Transport systems 367 (Mechanical and electrical services measurement TT ‘Additional rules — work to existing buildings 409 Further reading a5Preface This book has been written to act as a practical guide to the Standard Method of Measurement of Works Seventh Edition (SMM?) and to give an amount of clarity to headings and items. One reason for writing a book of this nature is to cut out a number of unnecessary arguments on construction projects, as many claims can arise due to differences of interpretation. Additionally, many academic courses no longer inclide measurement’ 36 a core subject and ic is now incumbene upon firms to include this as part of their training ‘This book utlises annotated diagrams to identify with che SMMY caxe. le follows SMM? and ics ‘component chapters and describes the instances where the text needs to be applied. General notes and commentaries accompany sections where further explanation is needed. ‘This book is aimed at all users of SMM7: private practices and contractors (estimators and ‘urveyors).as well af third level inseiutions, ‘This book provides: a comprehensive companion to SMM7_ [simple diagrams to help visualise the issues, =a balanced interpretation of how items should be measured, =a tool to avoid unnecessary claims on construction projects. and = _a training aid for graduate quantity surveyors and estimators Acknowledgements: ‘The authors would lke to thank Alan Guy and Dan Joyce for their valued assistance in connection with services installations. Patrick Kelly and Patrick McNamara October 2003Generalcules | Introduetion (including how to use this book and its general layout) 1 Use ofthe tabulated rules 3 Quantities 3 4 Descriptions 3 ‘Sewn information 6 Catalogued or standard components 5 ‘Work of spacial types 3 8 Fixing, base and background 3 9 Composice ems 6 0 Procedure where the drawn and specification information required by these rules is not ‘lable UWark nat emer 12 Symbols and abbreviations 6 3 Work to existing buildings 7 [W.General defining 15 Clarifications (including sections S—W and the SMM7 Measurement Code) 7 [A Preliminaries/general conditions 9 ‘G Existing site/buildings/services 20 Demolitio 5 ‘{BiToxiohazardous maceral removal ‘C30 Shoring/facade retention ‘C40 Cleaning masonryleoncrete 20 (CAI Repairing/renovating/conserving mason ‘CAT Repairing/renovating/conserving concrete C45 Damp-proof course renewallinsertion 4 ‘TSO Repairing renovating/conserving metal ry ‘TSI Repairingirenovating/conserving timber ‘€52 Fungusbeedle eradication ‘30 Akerations — spor items 26 BD Groundwork 20 Excavating and filing Fd (Q20 Granular sub-bases to roads/pavings 30 Paling a D40 Embedded retaining walls a Dal Crib walls(Gsbions/Reinforced earth 52 DSO Underpinning, 54 E In situ conerete/Large precast concrete E05 In situ concrete construction general 57 E10 Mixing/Casting/Curing in situ concreteE1I Sprayed in situ concrete £20 Formwork for in situ concrete £30 Reinforcement for in situ conerete E31 Post tensioned reinforcement for in situ concrete E40 Designed joints in in situ concrete E41 Worked finishes/Cutting to in situ conerete E42 Accessories cast into in situ concrete E50 Precast concrete frame structures F3I Precast conerete sil/lineels/copings/eatures H40 Glassfibre reinforced cement panel cladding/features HA42 Precast concrete panel cladding/features HS0 Precast concrete slab cladding/eatures K33 Concrete/Terrazzo partitions (E60 Precast/Composite concrete decking F Masonry FIO BrickMblock walling FIL Glass block walling F20 Nacural stone rubble wal F2I Nacural stone aslarwaling resins F22 Cast stone ashlar walling/dressings F30 Accessories/Sundry items for brick’block/stone walling G StructurallCarcassing metalitimber G10 Structural steel framing GGII Structural aluminium framing G12 Isolated structural metal members G20 Carpentry/Timber framing/Firstfoing G30 Metal profiled sheet decking. G3I Prefabricated timber unit decking G32 Edge supportediReinforced woodwoo! slab decking H Cladding/Covering HO Pacent glazing HI2 Plastics glazed vaulting/walling HIB Structural glass assemblies HIE Curtain walling HI4 Concrete roctlights/pavement lights H29 Rigid sheet cladding HI Timber weatherboarding H92 Rainscreen cladding KI Rigid sheet flooring/sheathing/decking/sarkingfinings/casings K12 Under purlininside ral panel linings K 13 Rigid sheer fine linings panelling K 14 Glass reinforced gypsum lnings/panelling/casings/mouldings K 1S Vitreous enamelled linings/paneling K20 Timber board flooring/deckinglsarkinglininglcasings K2I Timber striprboard fine flooringtinings H30 Fibre cement profiled sheet cladding/covering/siding H31 Metal profiled sheet cladding/covering/siding H32 Plastics profiled sheet ciadding/covering/siding H33 Bitumen and fibre profiled sheet cladding/covering H4l Glass reinforced plastics panel cladding/features. 6s 6 8 86 9 ” 3 2 124 t 140 133 15s \s7 162 183 170H43 Metal panel cladding/features HSI Natural stone sb cladding/festures H52 Case stone slab cladding/features H60 Phin roof cling Hél Fibre cemene siating H62 Natural slating Hé3 Reconstructed stone slating/iling H64 Timber shingling HOS Single lap roof tiling H6 Bieuminous fel shingling H70 Malleable metal sheet pre-bonded coverings/cladding HTI Lead sheet coverings Mashings H72 Aluminium strip/sheet coverings!Mashings H73 Copper strip/sheet coverings Mashings H74 Zine seripisheet coveringsifiashings H75 Stainless steel strip/sheet coverings!Miashings H76 Fibre bitumen thermoplastic sheet coverings/fashings J Waterproofing 20 Mastic asphalt tanking/damp proofing J21 Mastic asphalt roofing/insulationfinishes [22 Proprietary roof decking wich asphale finish 130 Liquid applied tanking/¢amp proofing [31 Liquid applied waterproof roof coatings MII Mastic asphalt fooringifoor underlay: 40 Flexible sheet tanking/damp proofing JAI Buile up felt roof coverings 142 Single layer polymeric roof coverings 43 Proprietary roof decking with fele finish 144 Sheet linings for poots/akes/waterways K Linings/Sheathing/Dry partitioning K 10 Plasterboard dry lining/parctions/cellings 30 Panel partitions K32 Panel cubicles 40 Demountable suspended clings Kal Raised access floors LWindows/Doors!Stairs L10 Windows/R oofights/Screens/Louvres 20 Doors/Shutters/Hatehes 0 Seairs/Walkways/Balustrades QAI BarriersiGuardraiis #0 General glazing LAL Lead light glazing 42 Infill panels!sheets M Surface finishes MIO Cement: sand/Concrete screedsitappings MI2 Trowelled bitumentresin/rubberatex flooring MI3 Calcium sulfate based screeds M20 Plastered/Rendered/Rougheast coatings M23 Resin bound mineral coatings i” 84 208 213 na mz 29 27 2 243 a7 2H 255 256 28710 Specialise waterproof rendering Ma2I Insulation with rendered finish 267 M22 Sprayed monolithic coatings 269 M30 Metal mesh lathing/Anchored reinforcement for plastered coatings 7 M31 Fibrous plaster 23 M0 Stone/ConcretelQuarryiCeramic tling/Moraic 278 M42 Wood bleck/Composition block/parquet flooring MaAl Terrazzo tling/ln situ terrazzo 281 MSO RubberiPlastics/Cork/LinaCarpettling/sheeting 282 MSI Edge fied carpeting M52 Decorative papersifabries 285 M60 Painting/Clear finishing 287 MBI Intumescent coatings for fire protection of steelwork ‘YI Off-site painting/Anc-corrosion treatments ef common mechanical andlor electrical tems N Furniture/Equipment N10 General ixtures/furnishingsfequipment 9 NII Domestic kitchen fitings NI2 Catering equipment NIB Sanitary appliancestfictings IS Signs/Notices N20. 21, 22,23 Special purpose fixtures/furnishings/eqh Q50 SicelScreet furnituralequipment P Building fabric sundries P10 Sundry insulation/proofing worlfire stops 303 PII Foamed/Fibre/Bead cavity wall insulation 305 P20 Unframed isolated trims/skirtingslsundry feems 306 P2I Ironmongery 313 P22 Sealant joines 314 P20 Trenches/Pipeways/Pits for buried engineering services 316 P21 Holes/Chates! Covers/Supports for services Q Paving/Planting/Fencing/Site fur QUO KerbslEdgings|Channels/Paving accessories 27 2I in stu concrete roads/pavings 330 Q22 Coated maeadam/Asphale rosds/pavings 331 Q23 Gravel Hogg Woodehip roadsipavings 344 Q24 Interlocking brick/block roads/pavings, 336 Q2S Stab/Brick/BlockSeeuCobbie pavings Q26 Special surfacingspavings for spordgeneral amenity 30 Q30 Seeding/Turfing 32 31 External planting 3 Q32 Internal planting 40 Fencing a7 R Disposal systems 10 Rainwater pipework/gutters 351 RII Foul drainage above ground RI2 Drainage below ground 359 R13 Land drainage (For work sections 5.T,ULV andW see General rues)Transport systems Y Mechanical and electrical services measurement Y10 Pipelines YI Pipeline ancitaries ¥20-¥25 General pipeline equipment Y40-746 General ar ductine equipment ‘Y52 Vibration isolation mountings 53 Control components ~ mechanical Y30 Air ducstines/ancilaries 50 Thermal insulation YS! Testing and commissioning mechanical services ‘Y54 Identification ~ mechanical Y59 Sundry comman mechanical items Y60 Conduit and cable trunking ‘Y63 Support components ~ cables Y61 HVILY eables and wiring ‘62 Busbar trunking 80 Earthing and bonding components Y70 HV switchgear Y7I LY switchgear and distribution boards Y72 Contactors and starters 92 Motor drives ~ electric Y73 Luminaires and lamps Y74 Accessories for electrical services YBI Testing and commissioning electrical services ‘Y82 Identification ~ electrical ¥89 Sundry commen electrical items Additional rules - work to existing buildings ‘Work Groups H, J.K. L and M = work to existing buildings RIO-RI3 Drainage - work to existing buildings YY Mechanical services — work to existing buildings Y Electrical services = work to existing buildings Further reading 367 a7 380 383 389 391 393 397 407 aul 43 aisGeneral rules | Introduction ‘This book SMM7 Exploined ond iustrated is a companion volume to the Standard Method of ‘Measurement (7th edition) and the SMM7 Measurement Cade. The basis of the book is to provide ‘a written and visual guide to help better understanding of SMMT and avoid conflicts aver the interpretation of items. This book is intended to act as a practical guide to SMM and to ge a greater degree of clarity to the headings and obscure icems contained therein. The reasoning behind writing a book of this nature is to remove many of the arguments and claims which can arise on construction projects due to differences of interpretation The book uslises annotated diagrams, whenever possible, co identify with the Stondard Method of ‘Measurement text. The book follows the SMM7 and its: component chapters and describes the Instances where the text or rules need to be applied, Summary notes and commentaries accompany sections where further explanation is needed, ‘As with the remainder of the book these general rules should be read in conjunction with the General Rules chapter in the SMM7. How to use this book and its general layout ‘The book is written in the same sequence as the Standard Method of Measurement. The chapters are those as set out in the SMM. To avoid confusion the first section annotation is used for the items contained thereunder, the other headings listed in section are taken as being referred to by the first heading annotation For example: F20 Natural stone rubble walling F21 Natural stone ashlar walling/dressings F22 Cast stone ashlar walling/dressings [perenne] [od The items in this section are referenced as F20 Rule MI.F20.I.I.I.1, ete. for simplicity even if they may be specifi to the other headings (Le. F2',F22). Some items contained within the SMM are self-explanatory (particularly Rules), therefore this book does not try to further explain these. The majority of items are explained by text and, wherever possible, by ilurtration. This book offers further explanation and adds clarity to the items set out in the SMM: it does not, however attempt to detract from the SMM and the rules contained therein, Each section starts on a new page. ‘At the start of each section preliminary rules apply These are referred to as PI, P2, etc. The purpose of this rule is to define che information which should be given at the start of each work section to help locate and globally define the work. This applies to all preliminary rules, regardless of work section, therefore this is not repeated throughout the book ‘Asa general principle the rules are lisced firse and the measurement items follow on in numerical order: INFORMATION PROVIDED MEASUREMENT RULESGeneral rules 2. Use of the tabulated rules 'SMMT is xet out in tabular form and the order and layout of the pages dictate how the rules are robe used. Section heading (e.g, P20 Unframed isolated trimskirtings/sundry items) [nsormation Prowdea [Measurement [Detinwion ues [Coverage Rules |Suppiemenary utes c iPr Im DI ici ist [Chsiicaton able Ls fe fin fie [ve D1 la ise cs [i iss BD fe fio [ms [iz De a fe fie fis. [ie [ne Ds lo Iss trams PI MI.01,CI.S1 are above the csicaton Ine and a such appt al ams in Items in box | utilise sub-classfcations in boxes § and 8, units in 12 and supplementary items in box 16.The specific rules associated with these items are rules in boxes M2, D2, C2 and S2. thems in box 2 vilise sub-classfications in boxes S and 9, unies in 13, supplementary items in box 18 and spectic rules in boxes M3, D3, C2 and $2 Items in box 3 utilise sub-classifications in boxes 6 and 10, units in box 14, supplementary items in box 17 and specific rules in boxes M3,.4.C3 and §2. tems in box 4 utilise sub-classifcations in boxes 7 and I! unis in box 15, supplementary items in box 18 and specific rules in boxes M4, DS, C4 and 53. As illustrated, above or below the line indicates the relationship of the items with sub- classifications and specific rules Items in box | can utilise rules in ether box 2 or box 3. ‘The rules are read from laf to right and governed by the horizontal lines as indicated in the above examples. 2General rules 3 Quantities Measured items are deemed to be supply and fix unless otherwise stated, Quantities are calculated by units to two: decimal places, Le. .05m, or to the nearest !Omm. |u| Decrosen Ha] 525] Gite merenen: wm Dimensions are used in descriptions to provide clarity. Dimensions are written length x width x height: Therefore 3.00 x 0.08 x 1.0m would indicate an item 3,00m long x 0.08m wide x 1.00m high. Detcriptions may refer to drawings or documents other than the bill of quantities. Drawings should have a drawing number and reference. Specification items should have a valid unique reference associated with the item; in the case of most specifications this will follow the NBS form of specification which relates to the references contained in the SMM7. Example of specification reference m0. 110 AN Section ClauseGeneral rules Example of bill of quantities page = oy fox ee Je [A | Walia brick tick facemork on oe sd eat | 14 | Common lackwork: 10.105 12 | wat om sick * 1c |i: som tick 20 at lkem At covered by headings HI HE and Hi ner 8 & C are covered by headings HH and HA, Headings do not have bill references and are generally distinguished by being bold and/or underlined. Ranges in descriptions are indicated by numbers separated by a dash. 1.90 = 150m Lewertlimie Highedelimie Preamble notes which locate the works and identify the nature of the work should be included at the start of each section. tems covered by General rue 4.6(2)-(g) are deemed to be included in all tem. {@) “Labour and all costs in connection therewith’ caters for ll things necessary for the sallation and manufacture of the work items (b) “Materials, goods and all costs in connection therewith’ caters for the supply of all materials associated with the work items (©) “Assembling, fitting and fixing materials and goods in position’ caters for the physical stallation of the work items. (@) “Plant and all costs in connection therewith’ caters for the tools and plant items associated with earrying out the work. (=) "Waste of materials’ caters for wastage which needs vo be Incorporated into the estimator’ rates ()) “Square cucting’ relates to cutting of material other than curved and diagonal cutting. (@ “Establishment charges, overhead charges and profit relates to indinect costs associated with the items Dimensional descriptions should include sufficient dimensions to identify the shape of the object in 3D describing length, width, height and any ieregular featuresGeneral rules 5 Drawn information Drawn information is broken into four distinct types: |. Location drawings: these are genera arrangement drawings which give the postion of the site and subsequenty the work contained within. 2. Component drawings: these are fabrication or workshop drawings detailing all the necettary parts of the item to allow construction andier production. 3. Dimensioned diagrams: these may be detailed drawings o bill diagrams. These should fly define or describe the work necestary to construct the item and as such can be simply referenced in che bill description, 4. Schedules: these are tabulated lists of items giving unique references to individual items, ‘these wil locate the item and identity the component parts of the tem. These are usually door, window ronmongery sanitary and frishes schedules 6 Catalogued or standard components These are crost-referenced component items, which are referenced back to a manufacturer's catalogue reference. T Work of special types {@), Work to or within existing buildings is further defined in General rue 13. (©) Work which is to be subsequently removed (other than temporary works) needs to be so described. This is generally work thae will be removed as part of a subsequent phase of -work, for example, eemporary shop fronts (0) Work outside the curtilage of the site needs to be so described, as additional consideration needs to-be taken when working in areas not controlled by the contractor. These areas are -generally owned by another private owner or are in the public domain: either way it affects people who have no conception of the work as a whole and precautions need to be taken +t ensure public safety and to avoid damage to property (@) Work carried out in or under water shall be s0 described to allow the contractor to correcty estimate the cost and programme of works and to take the necessary precautions. (e), Work carried out in compressed air environments needs to be so described to allow correct methods of work to be envisaged and ta allow cognisance to be taken of these at tender stage. ein tunneling works. 18: base and background Faxing it deemed to be included in the measured survey except where required to be measured by the rules of specific work sections. Where the nature of the base needs to be identified different types of bases are identified separately. Backgrounds are defined into five categories: (@) timber, (@) masonry, (©) metal, (@) metal faced materials, (©) vulnerable macerialsGeneral rules 9 Composite items ‘When measuring composite items, these are deemed to include all work associated with transportation and assembly or installation. The composite item should be sufieiently deseribed to allow the estimator to fully understand what the item covers. 10 Procedure where the drawn and specification information required by these rules is not available ‘These rules relate to unforeseen or potential works. There are a number of ways of dealing with those items. This i by measured quantities or by provisional sums Measured items for work nat shown on drawings should be items would be remeasured upon completion of the work. tified as approximate. These "Provisional sums are sums of money set aside to carry out work not sufficiently identified on Grawings. They can be either defined or undefined. Defined provisional sums cover work which is not completely designed but the work to which it pertains is described in sufficient detall to allow the contractor to include these works in the programme, Once a provisional sum is defined it is deemed to be included in the construction programme. The criteria for defining 2 provisional sum are set out as follows: (@) the nature and construction of the work; (0) a statement of how and where the work is fixed to the building and what other work ito be fixed thereto: (©) a quantity or quantities which indicate the scope and extent of the work; and (@) any speci imitations, ee. identified in section AS. Undefined provisional sums cover unforeseen works and as such the contractor does not make any allowance for programming the work or any indirect costs associated with the works. 11 Work not covered Some items of work may not be specifically covered by the SMM rules. In these cases the rules associated with work of a similar nature and condition should be used. 12 Symbols and abbreviations The following symbols and abbreviations are used in the Standard Method of Measurement and this book kilogramme = hour pc sum = prime cost sumGeneral rules prov sum = provisional sum > = exceeding > = equal to or exceeding S= not exceeding = relates to numerous items in the column “The book references rules as work section and rule number, eg, FIO Rule MI. Items are referenced as work seetion then column numbers from left to right. e.g FLO.I.|.1, HIO.34.1,Y109, 13 Work to existing buildings “These works should be so described. The Additional rules chapter contains specific rules associated with work in existing buildings. These rules are to be read in conjunction with the relevant sections. Preliminaviesigeneral conditions should include clauses indicating the specific requirements arising from working in existing buildings. 14 General definitions ‘When measuring curved work, the work should be described in sufficient detail to allow the ‘work to be visualited. The radius and whether the work is concave or convex. conical or spherical, should be stated. If the work is set to numerous curves then the radius of each curve should be stated, “The radius is defined as the average radius calculated to the centre line of the material or work. 15 Clarifications “he rules associated with Information provided appear atthe start of each measurement section AP series rules). These rules set out the information that must be provided atthe start of each measured section. The information can be provided by listing relevant drawings, preliminaries, specifications, reports, surveys, or by descriptive means in order to enable the reader of the section to fully understand the location and nature of the work in question Each work section requires lesser or greater amounts of information. is therefore important 10 tallor the informative section in accordance with the specific requirements of that section. “The information associated with the Supplementary information column should be given inthe specification documents. If this is the case then referral in the description te the specification, items would be adequate. S,T, U,V and W ‘Mechanical and electrical sections $,1, U,V and W are governed by the rules set out under Section ¥. Due to the level of duplication and the nature of the works these sections (S,T.U,Y and W) have not been scheduled separately but have been collected into one measurementGeneral rules section (Y).All the headings covered by work group are scheduled in append B of the SMM7. To help Further clarify items the SMIM7 includes two appendices: + appendix A provides schedule which identifies all tems of fixtures. furnishings, equipment, fistings and appliances as referred to in work sections NIO,INII, NI2,NI3,.N1S,N20-N23, PAI and Q50;and * appendix B provides the classifications of works catered for under work group. The SMM7 Measurement Code ‘The SMM? Measurement Code is a code of procedure for the measurement of building works and was produced as a practice manual for SMM7.This code, which is advisory and does not have the contractual status of SMM7.has the following objectives: + to encourage good practice in the measurement of building works and the preparation of bills of quanciies: + to encourage uniform interpretation and use of SMM7 by giving, where appropriace, stations and explanations of how particular rules are expected to be used; + tw provide a Code of Procedure for Measurement ofa similr standard and function as the Codes of Procedure for Production Drawings and Project Specification with which it has been coordinated: + co explain the relationship beeween SMM7 and the Codes of Production Drawings, Project Specification and the Comman Arrangement of Work Sections: and +t provide examples of the application of any novel proposals. ‘This book makes reference to the SMM7 Measurement Code where appropriate in the text £0 ‘that the reader does not have to refer to it further: Unlike the code this book looks at all the rules contained in the SMM7, rather than just specific chosen items. to give a more ‘comprehensive look at the SMM as a whole.A Preliminaries/general conditions Generally ‘A Rules PI-P2 A Rule MI ‘A Rule M2 A Rule M3 A Rule DI A Rule D2 A Rule D3 A Rule D4 A Rule DS A Rule D6 A Rule D7 A Rules D8-DII A Rules C1-C2 A Rules C3-C4 This section caters for the preliminaries section of the tender documentation, These are used to define the project and set out the general items to be provided by the main contractor. Refer to General rues. ‘As stated,A13.1,%" is used where relevant information is not contained on the drawings. ‘Accendances associated with nominated subcontractors (ASI) are meatured under section A42. Fixing of narsinated supplies materiale (supply only) is measured in accordance with the relevant work section. Typical examples would be (renmongery) and L10 (Windows). Fixed charges are set costs to the project regardless of duration. Typically they would include connection charges, Local Authority contributions, ‘erection and dismantling of tower cranes, scaffolding, eemporary works, etc ‘Time related charges are ongoing charges such as equipment or plant hire and management costs ‘This defines contractor's management and staff (A40) and includes all the necestary management and tuppore staff to carry out the project. This defines the contractor's site accommodation. ‘As stated,A42.1.1-I7%.1 relates to most, but not al of the services and facilites the contractor must include. These items are listed as a guide only. ‘The contractor is to provide all services and facilities necessary to carry ‘out the project whether these items are listed oF not. ‘As sated, A43.1.1-9.% relates to most, but not all, of the mechanical plant the contractor must include. These items are listed as a guide only. The ‘contractor is to provide all mechanical plant necessary to carry out the project whether these items are listed oF not. ‘As seated, A441. 1-8." relates to mast, but not all, of the temporary ‘works the contractor must include. These items are listed as a guide only ‘The contractor is to provide all vemporary works necessary to carry out the project whether these Htems are listed or not. ‘As seated. As stated. ‘As seated, A42.1.16-17.* defines all tems of general attendance which are deemed to be included associated with nominated subcontractors.A Preliminaries/general conditions A Rule CS A Rule SI AND. ALLLLI2 A20-37.1 As stated, All supplementary information items should be given in the specification and referred to in the description, Project particulars are used to outline the project and provide an initial project directory or contact list. ‘The tender and contract documents need to be listed.The contract documents are to be listed separately where these difer from the tender documents, The SMM7 Measurement Code states that the drawings to be listed are those from which the bills of quantities have been prepared. is not the same as those required by the rules to be provided with the bills Similarly all the drawings listed need not be, in due course, the ‘contract drawings, ‘These set our the existing parameters of the site, locating boundaries, buildings. under or over ground services And any other items sueh as rivers, trees, ete. The SMM7 Measurement Code further defines this as follows: "The reference to existing buildings relates only to those buildings which could have an influence on cote. This could arise from their clase proximity making access dificult, their heights relative to the postible use of tower cranes o the fragility of, for example, an historie building. necessitating special care” The major components should be stated in the description of the work. such as steel framed building’. The SMM7 Measurement Cade seates: “The description of the work as a whole and the circumstances in which it is to be constructed is intended to convey to the estimator an initial impression of the types of work involved. including any particular or unusual features or conditions that are relevant” Dimensions may be included in this description i the estimator. is considered helpful to Dimensioned descriptions can be used to describe the works indicating plan shape, umber of storeys and overall height. Works may be required to be carried out by others which would have a bearing on the works. These would include enabling works, infrastructural works, etc ‘The form of contract should be stated indicating the items as scheduled. I the contract is under deed” (also known as ‘under seat’ then this needs to be stated.The purpose of putting a contract under deed is to extend the powers of the contract from 6 years after completion to 12 years. If not stated as under deed! then ic would be ‘under hand’. Employer's requirements or limitations need to be defined in the preliminaries under che categories as listed. These are priced in two ways: fixed charge (refer to A Rule Dl) or time related charge (refer toA Rule 22).A35.1.1-8. A36.11-9* aar 40.1 AAA IR A421 1-71-21 A Preliminaries/general conditions As stated, Security/saferyiprotection — the SMM Measurement Code gives examples of Other requirements or limitations imposed by the employer which should, if applicable, be referred to. They are: + restriction on the use of radios by employees, + protection of trees, and + car parking arrangements for employees. Specific lmications on method/sequenceltiming/use of site the SMM ‘Measurement Cade gives examples of other requirements cr limitations Imposed by the employer which should, iF applicable, be referred to. They ‘+ restrictions on the employment of nbour. ane + restrictions on working area, Facildies/temporary work/services ~ the SMM7 Measurement Code gives ‘examples of other requirements or limitations imposed by the employer which should, if applicable, be referred to. They are: + restrictions on the use by the contractor of the permanent heating systom for drying and obtaining necessary temperature and humidity levels, and + special lighting, As stated, Contractors general cost items are to provide priceable items for the ‘contractor's set up. These items are at the contractor's discretion but are provided to allow the preliminaries to be broken down for evaluation of interim payments and ascertainment of running costs.As with A30-37.1.%* these costs can be priced either as a fixed charge (refer to. Rule D1) or a time related charge (refer to A Rule D2). ‘The employer may make available facivies for the contractor’ use during the works. If this Is the case then it needs to be stated with any relevant litations. Management and staff - refer to A Rule D3. ‘Site accommodation ~ refer to A Rule D4, Services and facilities — refer to.A Rule D5. The SMM7 Measurement Code states that A42.1.3 covers all fuel which the contractor requires to carry ‘out the work It does not cover fuel for testing and commissioning permanent installations which would come under sections Y5| and8I.The (Code also states that AAZ.1.10 deals with drying out the works where the method is left to the contractor. I the employer wishes to niake specific requirements, these should be stated in detail ~ see A36,|.The Code further states that in A42.I.16 itis intended that a single item should be provided inthe preliminaries bil for general attendance on all nominated subcontractors,A Preliminaries/general conditions AaB.1I-9 AAA LIB ASO. AS50135 ASI ASLIZ ASIIDI-8 ASAI asi. n Mechanical plant — refer to A Rule DS. Temporary works ~ refer to A Rule D7. ‘The employer may wish to directly employ other specialist artists, tradesmen or contractors to carry out defined work. I chis is required then it should be stated in the preliminaries under this section. W the employer engages others as per ASO.I.I, then the main contractor may be required to provide attendances for these others, Details of what, attendances need to be provided should be stated in the measured item. ‘The employer may wish to buy materials for the works directly If this is the case then this should be stated in this item. Nominated subcontractors are subcontractors where the contract administrator, whether by the use of a prise cost sum (p € sum) oF single naming, has made the final selection and approval of the subcontractor who is then imposed on the main contractor. These nominated subcontractors generally carry out specified specialist works. ‘These works are included in the tender documentation as a p ¢ sum.This ‘work is tendered during the contract period or concurrent with the main ‘tender period by the design team. These works usually include design aspects and relate to specialist works, Note this Is not to be confused with named subcontractors. When nominated subcontractors are included in the tender documentation then a percentage addition can be made for the main contractor’ profit on the pic sum. This icem is included as a percentage and as such the amount would be adjusted pro rata with the actual value upon receipt of tenders for there works. In addition to general attendances specific special attendances may be required to fuelitate carrying out the nominated tubeontractor's work, ‘These special attendances need to be specified under the items as listed. Nominated suppliers are suppliers where the contract administrator, whether by the use of a p c sum or by single naming, has made the final selection and approval of the supplier who is then imposed on the main contractor: These suppliers supply specified materials to be fixed by the ‘main contractor These supply-only materials are included in the tender documentation as a p c sum. This work is tendered during the contract period or concurrent with the main tender period by the design team. When nominated suppliers are included in the tender documentation then & percentage addition can be made for the main contractor's profit on the sum. This item is included as a percentage and as such the amount would be adjusted pro rata with the actual value upon receipt of tenders for these works, Work by statutory authorities is included in the tender documentation as a provisional sum,ASAI “2 A Preliminaries/general conditions Provisional work can be included as provisional sums. These sums can be for work whieh is defined or undefined. Ha provisional sum is defined the ‘onus is on the main contractor to provide everything necessary to carry ‘ut the works and is deemed to have made due allowance for the work in the censtruetion programme. However if the work is undefined then the ‘main contractor does not have to make allowances for these works and the provisianal sum is not deemed to include attendances such as scaffolding, ete. Also, undefined provisional sume relate to work whieh is not programmed, therelore the expenditure of these sums may result in work which affects the construction programme and may lead to a contract overrun, Dayworks are included in tender documentation by way of provisional sums. Dayworks are in three categories: |.tabour, 2. materials, and 3. plant. These are effectively contingency sums for variations which may take place and would be evaluated on a daywork basiC Existing site/buildings/services 20 Demo! ition C21 Toxic/hazardous material removal 30 Shoring/facade retention 20 Rule PI(a) €20 Rute mt €20 Rule M2 20 Rule DI €20 Rule D2 €20 Rules D3-D4 €20 Rules C1-C2 €20 Rules $1-S3 €20.1-3.1.1 Refer to General ues. [As sated, the works In this section relate to works to existing buildings. As sated As sated, ‘When measuring demolition of parts of structures (C20;3.1.1) be aware that items covered in section ©90 need to be measured separately. ‘As seated, ‘As seated. The SMM7 Macturement Code states that C20 Rule C1(b) it intended to cover temporary support arising solely as a result of the particular item being described ‘These supplementary information items should be given in the spectfcation and referenced in the description, The extent of demolition should be ascertained from the location drawings and measured as items. The specific drawings should be referenced in the description. Ic is important to ideney the level or levels to which structures are to be demolished. Generally itis to the top of the lowest floor slab level which could be ground level or basement fevel. If demolitions are identified as ‘down to ground floor slab level’ then any removal required of slabs, walls, foundations, etc. below ground level should bbe measured under D20 Excavating and filling, (See D204._.1-5.1 = extra ‘over any types of excavating irrespective of depth for breaking out existing materials.) H demolitions are identified as ‘down to basement slab level then i should be made quite clear what is to be included in demolition work. For example, removal of perimeter basement retaining walls could wall be included with the excavation work as extra over excavating. ete”, 28 above, or it could be identified as being part of the demolition work and removal would be integral wich any consequential support to remaining structures, etc. H so, then it is essential to include this in the description. Demateh down to top of sib evel NEN {ee note above) —r} Basement sab€20/C21/C30 continued €20.1-3 €20.1-3. €20.1-3. ‘All materials arising from demolitions are the property of the contractor Unless otherwise stated (C20 Rule Cl), It is important, therefore, to identify any materials that the employer wishes to retain and state exactly ‘what is vo be done with them (C20 Rule $2).This also applies to materials for reuse and to methods of disposal where employers restrictions apply (C20 Rule $3).Also remember to include on the description any cleaning (oF preparation work required for materials being set aside for reuse, eg. removing mortar from bricks ete ‘Any making good of remaining structures or adjoining structures required after demolitions shall Be so described, usually in the specification. Note that any work required to remaining structures or adjoining structures after demolitions, such as removing finishings, cutting back projections, ete. should be measured under section C90. Even though a whole structure is being demolished, party walls) may ‘remain and will have to be made good. Also ensure that weatherproof protection to exposed party walls and its subsequent removal is covered somewhere, either in the specication as an item deemed to be included in the demolition price or alternatively by providing a pricing item for it. “These should be given in the description of the items andlor identified and referred to on the relevane drawing(s).The fact that parts of the walls are left temporarily in position implies that subsequent removal is required and for the avoidance of doubt and ambiguity ensure that this is made clear, This applies co temporary works only The removal of existing services ls deemed to be Included in the demolition works. Where demolishing parts of structures the removal of services could be dealt with under C2021 or under Additonal rules -¥ (mechanical and electrical services measurement: ‘work to existing buildings). Remember to ensure that the demolition specication eovers the permanent cutting of of existing services before any demolitions are commenced Handling and disposal of toxie or other hazardous and dangerous materials shall be described stating each type of material. These generally are given in the specification (and should also be included in the preliminary health and safety plan) following site investigation, etc. and itis therefore important to draw attention to their presence. Types of toxie or other dangerous ‘materials generally encountered are asbestos, fuel oils and petrol in tanks (flammable and fumes). certain chemicals, tars, ete.©20.4-5.1 €20/C21/C30 continued ‘This applies to section C30, the reference used is for convenience only and ‘the correct terminology for this item would be C30.4-S.I. This thering is ‘other than that which is incidental to demolitions and is not at the discretion of the contractor Where required it will be specified by the engineer or architect and the position and type of shoring and nature of structure or road to be shored stated. (Note: check the specication regarding who has the design responsibilty — itis normaly with the main contractor) “Types of shoring are: (1) inclined shoring, generally known as raking shoring: (2) horizontal shoring, generally known as fying shoring: and (3) vertical shoring, generally known as dead shoring (1) Raking shoring examples } wate cust Sound et —L Need racing Raker TO sateptee TI sates CO solepice Single aig share in cmber Dove raking store in imber “Tile aking sore in umber “This shoring is often done in scaffolding. Multiple raking shores with four, five or more rakers are possible. (2) Fying shoring Seu — Horizontal shore hore fhng shore€20/C21/C30 continued {) Dead shoring in| ~ | Dead shores €20.4-5.1._.I-6 €20.6-7.1 Pan lems |- in the 4th column should be ascertained from the specification and drawings and Items inserted as appropriate. Remember to: check who is responsible for the design of the shoring AS it is'temporary works” itis usually the main contractor's design responsibility: if so make sure that this is leary stated in the specification. The shoring is given as an item which is subdivided inco items for pricing as follows + Providing and erecting ~as stated (C30:41 1), + Maincaining - The duration period would be dependent on the ‘contractor's programme and method of working This could be included as pare of the item for the tenderer to state duration. ‘Alcernatively restrictions could be set such as cannot be removed Lunt the 3rd floor isin position (C20.4.1._2. + Adapting ~ The shoring is usvally erected before or during demolition. Adapting the shoring may be required as new work. proceeds. Again this would be dependent an the contractor's method of working (C30.41._3. + Clearing away —As stated (C304.1._4), + Cutaing holes in the structure — As stated (C3044.1._). + Making good all work disturbed ~ Making good is given as icems ‘hich can be ascereained by the tenderer From drawings (C304.1_6). ‘These are only measured where specifically required by the design team, otherwise they are generally included in the preliminaries as at the contractor's discretion, especially temporary roofs. The design responsibility€20/C21/C30 continued of vemporary roofs and screens, where specified, needs to be made quite clear in the specification. As these items are regarded as vemporary works the design responsibility usually lies with the main contractor from a performance specification. The temporary roofs and screens are itemised ‘with a dimensioned description including the particulars as required in tems €20.6-7.|._.|~6. Alternatively quantities could be given in accordance with the SMM? Measurement Code 9caorcaticaz C40 Cleaning masonry/concrete C4I Repai C42 Repairing/renovating/conserving concrete C40 Rule Pia) (C40 Rule MI C40 Rules M2-M3 C40 Rule M4 C40 Rule MS 40 Rules DI-D2 C40 Rules C1-C8 C40 Rules S1-S4 C40 Rule SS C40 Rules S6-S10 40.1 40.2.1. Refer to General rues [As stated, the works in this section relate to works to existing buildings. As stated. ‘As stated, vem C407. [.* is not related to remedial works associated wich making good following demolitions. As stated. As stated. As stated, ‘These supplementary information items should be given in the specification and relerenced in the description. Ensure that the speciation gives the method of bonding new to existing ‘These supplementary information items should be given in the specification and referenced in the description, This tem applies to C42 concrete, not masonry repairs. The specification ‘zzued for thie item should define whether the concrete being repaired iz pain or ceinorced,cogether with the treatment of reinforcement and mesh reinforcement decals The gun applied’ item in 42.1.3 refers to-a specified method of trestment. The work should be given in a dimensioned 5% equates to circa 400kgim? (minimum). aE0S/E10 continued £05.15.2 05.16." 05.17." Monolithic finishes are finishes which are: + placed on the surface of unset concrete, such as granolithic paving, bonding to the concrete to create a single mass: or + placed onte the formwork before casting the concrete so that the finishes are fully bonded to the concrete as per E05 Rule DIO such as stonework, terrazzo tiles, ete. Grout is a thin fluid mortar used for filing interstices, etc Grouting to stanchion bases and to grillages are each enumerated and there is no requirement to give the thickness of the grout. It would, however, be sensible to refer to a detail on the drawings. Due to the extremely fine tolerances required it is not practical to place the base of a steel stanchion or grilage directly on to the concrete base and be truly vertical. To enture the stanchion is truly vertial steel wedges are inserted berween the concrete base and the base plate and the space is filled with grout. — Steet eanchion Grout save pe Holding down bates Mortices, holes and chases are usually formed in wet concrete by formwork. ng’ these items wauld be in accordance with the specification and would include ‘making good’ if necessary.Ell Sprayed Generally EI! Rules Pl(a{b) Ell Rule MI E11 Rules SI-S3 BILL EN2-4 EN a4. situ concrete Sprayed concrete is specialist work generally more used in civil engineering ‘works than in building construction works. ft is used for a variety of reasone as itis easily shaped to an existing profile (eg. coverings to brick- lined tunnels, additional linings to swimming pools or sound deadening to a music auditorium), Ie consists of a very dry conerese mbc with small aggregate pumped under high pressure through a nozzled cutlet aimed at the relevant area to be ‘covered which Et adheres to. I is sometimes used in concrete repair work to givea protective layer of concrete to an existing slab where the cover of the rteel reinforcement is inadequate. The thickness of the spray concrete should be specified by the structural engineer and reinforced if necessary, Particularly to greater thicknesses. Refer to General rules. As seated. ‘These supplementary information Items should be given in the specification and referenced in the description, This can be to either the top or soffit of slabs, measured over the area (m?) and seating the spectied thickness. ‘Wills, beams and columns: this relates to the surface area to which the ‘concrete is applied, measured over the area (m*) and stating the specified thickness Curved work on any of these items should be measured separately and described as such.E20 20 Formwork for in E20 Rule Refer to General rues. Pi(ay-(a) E20 Rule MIA concrete work requires formwork to be measured to support ie unless ‘otherwise stated such as foundations, ground beams, ete. which are poured ‘on or against earth or unblinded hardcore. then meni former required ort an tind bes fcrmvork rages nd concrete lt it of trench then na former eared ‘Note: i is not the intention chat where a eonerete bed is placed on concrete blinding and only the edges of the bed are in contact with the ‘earth that such work should be separately identified, E20 Rule M2 The curved work can be to horizontal softs or vertial surfaces go a ALTO ea Tn, LO Ha CoP ms Formwork vo carved fa scat sof ads to be stad Section Pan (Curved ground bear E20 Rules As stated M3-MiO E20 Rule MI| Note: beam projections are not deemed to create interrupted surfaces. Intersections would not be deducted from areas of formwork.E20 continued E20 Rules As seated. MIDMI7 2014 Phin versal formmorks Height a appropiate Phin versed Hoge appropete E20 Rule D2 ——_ Formwork described as left in’ is that it iz in such a position that it cannot bbe removed by the contractor and because it is"ost’ to the contractor it should be identified as fein. E20 Rule D3 Permanent formwork is that which is designed to remain in position, usually performing a retaining a structural function, e.g Holorib steel E20 Rule D4 As stated. aoE20 continued E20 Rule DS “This would not be measured 2s ‘ciges of suspended slabs bold bs meazired a5 EDO.I21 Beams atached robe E20 Rule D6 As stated, refer to-the diagram in £20.9.**. E20 Rule DT Refer to-the diagrams in £20.10.1.% E20 Rule DE wna f IW = 300mm, chen under 1200mm in length = column and over 1200mm in length = wall E20 Rules As stated, De-DI3 E20 Rules As seated, clecs E20 Rules SI-S4 These supplementary information iterns should be given in the specification and referenced in the description. E20. Has described in £20 Rule DI, the formwork is not plain vertical then a dimensioned description should be given and preferably referred to a specific detail. on a drawing, E20. Sides of foundations egerp ome foundationE20 continued Di urate this deta Ground Is not'pain versal ~ gre Ground beam Bed ‘devensioned description bexm Bed hedge categories 4} assed Pe Examples of formwork to edges of beds which are also sides of ground beams. 2203.0" epeouon | Pree ee sues Sexpened sb {A dimensioned description would be required if the formwork contained any discontinuities as stated in £20 Rule DI. Kickers would not be messured for upstandt. pata bear 6E20 continued 205.4." Give densioned, deserpton £20. Pop ee 1 Gs Go08 wpaees ESSEC EE ome sive height category some ‘Girth up to give overall length. 2W + 2L = total length in metres. 20.7.9. orig aching bes and pines ‘Height co soffit stated as follows:not exceeding 1.50m, 1.50-2,00m, 2100-4.S0m, ete. in 1.0m stages. 380-4000 200-300 } area Sepereerererry enmm| GOCE UES Y varome | SERRE“ "EE| secs s, ques | ss | gies ig fer St tn ee An on am a senso ned e108023 week ; oo, | (ee range a tore) ees | oor ‘Stoping ne 1 Sloping over 15*E20 continued 20.9." ‘As stated for slabs, except that the number of landings included in the total mi of formwork has to be stated. Main floor eve Landing at main floor lev! the formwork to iss renured 2 ‘fit of abe! and noe toto ang Soft oftinding “Troughs” are continuous hollow section pans or moulds. ‘Colfers’ are individual hollow section unit pans or moulds. YY Ste of ment a pro, caer rd dH caret feted BS as ae £20 Rule D7 Where margin let than $m wid he Woeeekenebecdae Pan a ues mastied ver oto les ella eth bs BUSSE eae SEN mE20 continued £20.11 Note: top formwork should be measured for surfaces sloping at an angle ‘exceeding 15° whether it is provided or not. For example biinding concrete (measured as beds) sloping at an angle exceeding 15 will require an item ‘of formwork measured to the top. 20.12" Fermoort Sate height of wal le over 100 above flor level (20 Rue M9) E20 Rule M10 The area of wall taars is ne deducted Cherwell i meamired fel eign over kicker E20.12_*.2 Wall surfaces if interrupted by projections such as part height pilasters, part height walls, recesses into wall, etc. should be identified as interrupted’ vat at hei seer Parcel wal nE20 continued ‘Background stated —| 10g existing brek retaining wall wall saad E20.13=14.%.* Note: the number of beams involved in the total m* area must be given in the description. 20 Rae M12 Formmorc {oder of spends ‘each beams sea permetersscheded ‘rth the meairement ‘Sf ehe formwork of ach beam. sections gh sated 2 per OIF IMs 2 ‘A+B + Care added together and multiplied by the length of the beam to ‘Biven the area of the formwork in sb Secion Sab nE20 continued attached beams or attached beam casings accur at the junction of a wall and a slab it can be measured either way, ie.attached to walls’ or ‘attached ‘0 slabs’ and, in any case, the derail can be amplified on a bil diagram. Beams are generally measured as attached to walls if they are cast with the walls. A+ B+ C are added together and multiplied by the length of the beam to given the area of the formwore in rn An isolated beam could be in situ concrete over the head of a window in a rmasanry wall ar part of an in situ concrete frame with precast floor slabs, A+B + C are added together and multiplied by the length of the beam to {given the area of the formwork in mn Note: the number of columns involved in the total m? area must be given in ”20.17.1 E20 continued Wf columns or column casings are irregular shaped then a dimensioned diagram should be provided and measured in linear metres. Heights of columns or casings over 3.00m above floor level should be stated in the description. ‘A+B +C (+ D) are added together and multiplied by the height of the column ta give the area of the formwork in m. Note: the SMM? Measurement Code (E20.21~22) states that formwork to column kickers is not required to be measured as tenderers are given sufficient information to allow for this by virtue ofthe fact that colurmns are measured stating the number. Horizontal recess in wall Concrete wal = Formwork to recess poonaeanss te. vow couche eatin cares Vertical recess in wall Formers 0 re Be keaeny asates Formwork co rece ‘A dimensioned description ofthe recess should be given. Note: the recess rib and rebate formwork should be given as ‘extra over’ the formwork in which chey occur in near metres. The examples of recesses in walls would be given as ‘extra over’ formwork to walls for recesses (and the numberof recesses stated). 5E20 continued E2018 Concrete wal Wl torr measured under £20.12 manures ver the nip 20.1911 Wl formwork essed fal hehe £20.20." Note: che SMM7 Measurement Code (E20.20) states tha where the basic finish is not at the contractor's discretion the finish farmed from the principle formwork specified may be regarded as the basic formwork. Formed finishes required, eg. such as ‘air faced finish’ should be specified land measured in m? as extra over the basic finish on whatever member that itoccurs (such as extra over slabs, walls, beams, columns, etc) for fair faced finish as specified. £20.21-22 ‘THis nde supended £20 Rule MIS Eg his dal le measured as wal kickers one side suspended measure along the conre tine wall ckers Kickare for walle %£20 continued The SMM7 Measurement Code (E20.2~22) states that suspended kickers occur where a concrete wall rises off a concrete slab, the kicker being cast integrally with the slab, Le. atthe time the kicker formwork is erected there is nothing on which to rest its bottom edge. Notecit is usual to ascertain from the architect or structural engineer where kickers are required. They should specify the height of the kicker and this could be given in the description if so specified, Ifthe height of the kicker is Fee to the contractor’ discretion then this, should be stated with supplementary information or included in the specification, ‘Generally for explanation of pain’ left in’ and permanent’ formwark refer back to E20 Rules D2 and D3 and this governs whether dimensioned escriptions should be given. Formwork towall end Wa width — staxed as por Er023 «loaE20 continued E2024." Lengths are calculated as (a) + (b) + (c) # (4) = coxa girth in metres. 4 is PENSE kt Kee ae Oe 20] pohee BPS a Window opening, S oa = =| 20.250." ‘Alverratively a dimensioned diagram of the stairfght would suffice. A mortice és usually a rectangular or circular sinking formed in the concrete to receive, for example, a baluster for grouting in. The sizes required should be given in the specification or shawn on the drawings.E20 continued Shape ofmortce hastobe vated 1. Reconguir = [7] 2. Cree Oo 3 ps te, Seoel” Dh Freres Pan 20.27. These are similar to E20.26.** except that holes go completely through. £20.28. This could apply to any concrete member having to be cast in a complex shape such a5 a cornice, etc.A dimensioned description or a dimensioned diagram thould be given and the item is enumerated.B30 E30 Reinforcement for in situ concrete £30 Rule Refer to General nes, Pi(a}(d) E30 Rules As stated, Mima E30 Rule MS ——_Notches at perimeters (for such things as piers and pilaster projections). should be deducted but this should be left to the quantity surveyor’s discretion, E30 Rules DI-D2 As stated. E30 Rule Cl This implies that only designed” spacers or chairs should be measured under E30.2.| giving a dimensioned description of them. E30 Rule C2 The implications of this are similar to £30 Rule Cl E30 Rule C3 Wrapping fabric is usualy eype D4 mesh and measured in m2 E30 Rules S1-S4__ These supplementary information items should be given in the specification and referenced in the description. Bar reinforcement covers all the types of bars available such as plain round mild steel and deformed high yield (tensile) stee! bars. The deformed high yield stee! bars come in various sections such as square twisted, ribbed, etc, and the term bar’ Is given to all these products. They are manufactured ina range of nominal sizes. Size is defined as the diameter of the circle with an area equal to the cross sectional area of the bar. ‘The structural engineer's specification should cover the requirements of E30 Rules PI and SI-S3. Bar reinforcement is measured mass per linear metre and converted into ‘tonnes giving the nominal size. Each size is measured and billed separately under the sub-headings ‘straight, "bent’ and ‘curved’. Links (which include ‘stirrups) are weighted our and eategorised separately in tonnes. Due to the additional labour and difficulty in handling long bars there ie a requirement to state long horizontal bars in ranges from 12.00-15.00m and thereafter in 3.00m stages.Also with vertical bars the ranges start from {6.00-9.00m and thereafter in 3.0m stages. Long bars mean bars in one continuous length ~ not bars with lapped joints. In practice, reinforcement is usually measured from bending schedules. ‘These show the relevant information required for each bar and would of course include the necessary allowances for laps. Ina bending schedules are available then the reinforcement wauld have to be measured directly Off the drawings, remembering to make all necessary allowances for laps. ‘ete. The lengths for lap allowances should be given in the specification. Due to time constraints reinforcement can be measured approximately based on allowances against mass of concrete, Le. kgm? of concrete and these allowances should be advised by the structural engineer:£30 continued A typical bending schedule: Date Bar schedule reference Tr Bares [Moat] Toa Joan [See [Sa ete eas er me eee [ee [tees Se asters re ea frcver |" |otre Tao fio [so —|s00 50038 fan rie fio wo] 500 ~]ass0 arf 00 0 ee CC If measuring the reinforcement from the drawings the following information must be provided on plan and section drawings: (2) umber of bars, (0) ype of bars (ie. mid or high tensie) (©) nominal size fn men, (0) the bar mark, (0) the spacing between bars (in me, (the location of the bars, (2) the arrangement of the bars,and (8) designation of che bars as straight, bent or curved. E30.1.1.3 ‘As stated in the SMM7 Measurement Code, this is intended to cover those bars which are specifically bent to curves to suit the shape of the member in which they are to be placed 30.2.1 In order to ensure the correct amount of cover ta the reinforcement spacers are used These can be in the form of concrete blocks of appropriate specification, sie and thickness co support the reinforcernent at the correct level, or alternatively plastic clip or spacer rings can be used. In the context of this item it is generally assumed that the spacers are made from shaped reinforcement sce (refer to the measurement unit being in tonnes): the conerete blocks and plastic clip method are generally contractor's discretionary methods and are not measured separately Chairs are purpose-made cradles made out of steel (commonly shaped reinforcement bars) to support and retain in position (by tying to) the top reinforcement infor example a sab. These are only measured where specifally designed by the structural engineer and not where they are at the discretion of the contractor. Spacers and chairs are grouped together and weighted in tonnes 30.3.2 Special joints should be detailed on drawings and specification and the ‘nominal size and type stated and enumerated in the bill 30.4.1 Fabrie mesh reinforcement (measured net) is the area covered in square ‘metres stating the mesh reference and the weight per m?.No allowance is ‘made in the measurement for laps. tying wire, cutting and bending, spacers and chairs which are at the discretion of the contractor: The contractor has to allow for these in the rates. ‘Any bent fabric mesh reinforcement should be measured separately in m?. ‘Any fabric reinforcement strips in one width (width stated) should be ‘measured separately in m*, aE30 continued E30, 2 Al custng, raking cutting, notching around obstructions, etc. is deemed to bbe included and the contractor is deemed ta have made allowances for these in the rates based on the information given under E30 Rule Piay-(d). As stated iin the SMM7 Meosurement Code, strips of fabric reinforcement, in this context, would include those in foundations to walls tension strips to floors and roofs, etc.E31 Post tensioned reinforcement for in situ concrete E31 Rule Reler to General rules. Pi(a)-(d) ESI Rule MI As stated. E31 Rules SI-S5 EBL These supplementary information items should be given in the specification and referenced in the description. Post tensioned reinforcement is a method of prestressing in which tendons are tensioned after the concrete has set. Post tensioned concrete units can be either precast or cast in situ. Tendons are the stee! reinforcing ‘wires’ that are post tensioned, Although they are referred to as‘wires’ they can be wire, strand, cable or bar tendons.The specification should give the material, size and length of the tendons, Ducts are formed in the concrete to house the tendons because the tendons are tensioned after the concrete has set. Once the tendons have been tensioned these ducts are grouted in. Anchorage is the method of securing the ends of the xendons and connecting to a hydraulic jack. Composite construetion refers to the combination of the precast prestressed units with the in situ concrete work. aE40 E40 Designed joints in in Generally E40 Rule PI E40 Rule MI E40 Rules M2M3 E40 Rule DI tu concrete Designed joints are provided for to deal with contraction and expansion in in situ concrete work They are sometimes described as ‘movement janes. deally all designed joints should be detailed by the struccural engineer which can then be referred to in a bill dlagram, Refer to General rules. “These are usually known as ‘day joints’ which are used at practical stopping places when placing in situ concrete, Day joints are at the contractor's discretion and are used as convenient separation joints becween ‘consecutive concreting operations but, by careful planning, the contractor ‘can arrange, where possible, the day joints to coincide with the designed Joints and thus reduce the amount of additional day joints required. As stated, How the plain vertical joints are achieved should be specified by the structural engineer, E40 Rules C1-C2 As stated. E40 Rules $1=S4 These supplementary information items should be given in the specification E40.1.8.1 540.2." and referenced in the description. Plain joints will normally occur at the perimeter of areas abutting walls Widen oF depeh lun. S0mm 2. 150-300ram 3and thereer SO sages Examples of expansion joints EA Joint sen (sua mae Dwain tve sspeched) so slow nownert Boundary or perimeter on, ‘Crck induced joe40.3." E40, E40.5-6 Fact E40 continued A.cut joint isa joint which is physically cut into the hardened concrete bed Using, for example, water cooled circular saws. Also deteribed ae a sawn joint Sealants are used to protect the joint against the entry of water. dirt, grit, ‘etc, nto the joint. Sealants are usually specified as resinous compounds, ‘rubber bitumen compounds,mastic, etc. Refer to examples in E40.2.*.1 ‘The waterstop itself would already be included in the description of the designed jaint The waterstop is used to prevent the ingress of water into the joint and can be in both horizontal and vertical situations. Angles and Intersections are only measured where they are welded or purpose made (E40 Rule M3). Examples of angles and intersection in waterstops are illustrated below, were Mertabt* Fe Pact VerseE4I E4l Worked finishes/Cutting to in situ concrete Generally Edi Rule Pi EAI Rules MI-M3 EAI Rule SI E412 E413 ALS EAL With reference to finishes worked into hardened concrete there ié 0 requirement to keep work over 3.50m high separate as required for finishes generally (see chapter M).Also there is no mention of work to margins of a different finish. However t would be sensible to mention ‘hese in the description if they occur. Refer to General rules. Ae stated, All supplementary information items should be given in the specification and referenced in the description. Tamping is the ramming or packing down of the surface of unset concrete to achieve the required level(s) or grading, Ths is only measurable if the contractor is required by the specification to carry it out by mechanical ‘means. Otherwise ie would be at the contractor's discretion. The area is ‘measured in m? — no narrow widths are required to be measured, Power floating is carried out by hand operated power float machines to achieve a smooth level surface finish to the surface of unset concrete beds and slabs suitable to receive a floor finish direce without the need for a ‘cement and sand screed. This would need to be specified by the architect cor engineer if itis required.The area is measured in m? — no narrow widths are required to be measured, ‘Trowelling is carried our by craftsmen or tradesmen using hand trowels to achieve a smooth level surface finish to the surface of unset concrete similar to that of power floating. For larger areas power floating would be ‘much more economical than hand trowelling The area is measured in m2 — no narrow widths are required to be measured. Hacking the face of concrete is usvally carried out to provide @ key before applying other finishes. The area is measured in m? = no narrow widths are required to be measured. Grinding ic the process of removing the top surface layer of the concrete to expose the aggregate for aesthetic purposes. Grinding is carried out by use of a heavy duty’sander’ which is used to rub down the concrete. Grinding can be used to take high spots out of the concrete and to remove ‘excess from joints. However in this case the grinding would not be ‘measured as this would be rectification of unsatisfactory work. Sandblasting roughens up the face of hardened concrete by driving a jet of sand onto the surface of the concrete (using compressed air).The area is ‘measured in m?—no narrow widths are required to be measured as these form part of the overall area measurement.E417 eal EAL 1O-Le E41 continued Finishes achieved by other means would include surface finishes on the ‘unset concrete created by lining the formwork with. for example, paper, wallboard, plywood, hardboard, ete. Also finishes could be cast onto the concrete by lining the formwark with, for example, stone, mosaic, terrazzo, fete. The area is measured in m?— no narrow widths are required to be measured, Chases are grooves cut into the (set) concrete structure to receive pipes, conduits, eee. Remember to identify where concrete is reinforced (€41.8*_3), Chases are measured linearly giving the depth inthe ranges a5, seated, i.e. not exceeding SOmm, 50-lO0mm, etc. except that over 50mm deep the exact depth has to be stated. There is no need to state the width of the chase unless the wideh is actually specified however ie may be helpful 10 the estimator if the reason for the chase is given, eg. cutting chases for single 19mm diameter conduit. Ensure that ‘making good’ is included in the measurement description, ‘especialy if chases are cut through finished work (E41.8.~4._2) ‘Comments related to 41.8." equally apply. Definitions for mortices and holes are given in formwork section £20.26-27. ‘The cutting of mortices and holes is categorised in depth ranges as shown in column 2 (E41.10-11.*).note that if over 300mm deep then the exact depth has to be stated Size on plan of mortice is given only if a specific cross sectional size is required. However it may be helpful to the estimator if the reason for the mortice or hole is given. Remember to identify where concrete is reinforced (E4I.10-11.*3), Ensure that ‘making good’ is included in the measurement description, especially if chases are cut through finished work (E41.10-11.._2) 87E42 E42 Accessories cast into in situ concrete E42 Rule Refer to Genera rules. Playa) E42 Rule MI As stated. E42 RuleDI As stated. E42 Rule Si ‘All supplementary information items should be given in the specification and referenced in the description. ‘Anchor bolts, anchor Boxes, anchor fixing bolts, etc. are to be identified by type or name and/or manufacturer's reference with dimensioned description and these are enumerated. Linear or square metre area measurement may be used provided that the spacing dimensions are given, in the description. How the item is measured depends on the particular accessory.ES50/F31/H40/H42/H50/K33 E50 Precast concrete frame structures F3I Precast concrete sills/lintels/copings/features H40 Glassfibre reinforced cement panel cladding/features H42 Precast concrete panel cladding/features H50 Precast concrete slab cladding/features K33 Concrete/Terrazzo partitions Generally, E50: Precast concrete frame structures deals with large (typically storey height andior bay wideh) precast and precast prestressed concrete seructural and/or cladding units and assemblies, Precast/composite decks forming an incegral part of the precast concrete structural assembly F31: Precast concrete sills/intels/copings/features deals with providing and fixing non-proprietary precast concrete sills, lintels, copings and similar ‘components. HAO: Glassfibre reinforced cement panel cladding/features deals with all types of glass reinforced cement preformed cladding panels, wall unies, fascia units, mouldings and features, HA2: Precase concrete panel eladding/features deals with large specialist manufactured precast concrete cladding panels fixed to a building’ structural frame. This section deals with claddings panels only (including insulated sandwich panels}, but does not include load bearing panels designed to support floors, roofs or other structures. Various finishes can be incorporated an the panels other than standard concrete and exposed aggregate finishes: other finishes have the concrete cast against them to form a monolithic facing (typical finishes would include bricks, tiles, stone). ‘This section also deals with the features associated with the cladding, ‘typically copings, surrounds to windows and doors, balustrades, etc. H50: Precast concrete slab cladding/features deals with precast concrete cladding and facing panels other than large cladding units, usually fixed with dowels, cramps, corbels, etc. to concrete ar masonry backing walls. K33: Conerete/terrazzo partitions deals with precast slabs framed ‘together, possibly with starter bars for casting into screeds, to form cubicle partitions. The cubicles usually have a polished or other fine finish and may be supplied complete with doors. Generally Note the conflicting requirements between 50.|.1-3._I-2 and coverage rule E50 Rule Cl. The former requires reinforcement and cast-in accessories details stated but the latter, E50 Rule Gl. states that precast Units are deemed to include reinforcement and cast-in accessories. The sensible thing to do isto ensure that itis made clear either in the measured work oF in the supplementary information exactly what isto be included.ES50/F31/H40/H42/H50/K33 continued Hei Examples of items extra over precast concrete Units on which they occur are illustrated below. ( ‘Secson ESO Rule Play E50 Rules Mima ESO Rule CI Soled cong men ed Pan Entra over ange (to coping) Extra over far end (¢0 coping) ant Stooings are fat seatngs 2a — 2 weathered sl for mb or rmllon = extra over for stoatings Refer to General rues. As seated As stated. ESO Rules SI-S7 These supplementary information items should be given in the specification 50.2.+ and referenced in the description. Precast concrete frame structures can be enumerated, or measured in linear or square metres where the requirements of E50 Rules MI and M2 are met. The provision of these three units of measurement permits the selection of the most appropriate type required in any particular case Where precast items are measured linearly or in square metres then angles fair ends, stoolings and other similar items are measured as extra ‘over the units on which they occur, Joincs between units are to be measured in linear metres or enumerated aiving a dimensioned description and the sizes and types of sealant and filing required. Preeast concrete units are usually joined together or fixed to the structure by various types of fhcings and in accordance with E50 Rule M4 can be aiven with che unit or enumerated separately.E60 E60 Precast/Composite concrete decking Generally Composite construction is the combination of precast and in situ work. ‘The advantages of precast or composite construction over in situ concrete construction, assuming that all the design parameters are met, are that the need for sofit formwork is eliminated and the speed of construction is greater. E60 Rule Refer to General vues: PIC E60 Rule MI As stated. E40 Rules ‘These deal with margins ~ refer back to E20.10 where definition rule E20 M2-M3 Rule D7 example clarifies this margin rule. Margins over 500mm are Included with ordinary slabs under sections E10, E20 and E30, 60 Rules As stated. Mims E60 RuleDI = As stated, E6ORule Cl As stated. E60 Rules S1-S& These supplementary information items should be given in the specification and referenced in the description. 60.1. ‘Types of composite slabs are: ‘+ plankirib and block floor composite construction, + wide plank floor composite construction, and. + hollow block suspended floor construction, all measured in mv E60 Pile MI cme eee eS rend eons rnc 5 —E60 continued 60.2 Formwork where required is measured in accordance with E20 (E60 Rule m4), E603 Reinforcement where required is measured in accordance with E30 (E60 Rule MS). 2F Masonry FIO Brick/block walling FII Glass block walling General note: Gass biock walling is walling comprising of hollow translucent blocks of FUL ahs generally obscured by patterns moulded on one or both faces. Glass black walls should only be built as nen-load bearing walls in specified ‘maximum areas. When measuring these walls itis usual to have the joines reinforced with stainless steel bars or rods, s0 this needs to be taken into account. Faces of brckitiock H ~ Is hs Header Solder courte Sirecher course TI TI sown tee TE tere beck nee E seo tere F10 Rule Refer to Generale Pi(ay-{b) 2FIO/FII continued F10 Rule MI Centre line for skins of hollow walls: where both walls are of the same rmaterial and thickness the centre line is taken as the cavity centre line, FI0 Rule M2(a) Voids are measured over surface area FIO Rule M2(b) Area is taken over surface area FIO Rule M3 half ric thi 100m 1225 (courte high) laos 100 FIO Rule M4 Cenere ine Cenere ine 2 Curved work Curved workctwe elferent rade trots maneoredsoparnaly FIO Rule MS Building against other work or bonding to other work is measured where the other work is existing or consists of a different material, This also applies to F20 Rule MS. =i iF10 Rule Mé F10 Rule M7 F10 Rule Ma F10 Rule DI F10 Rule D2 F10 Rule D3 F10 Rule D4 F10 Rule DS F10 Rules D6-D7 F10 Rule DB F10 Rule D9 F10 Rule DIO FIO/FI1 continued ‘Arches are measured along the length on face or mean girth L.This also applies to F20 Rule M8. Refer to the diagram in F104.1 As stated Measured on the vertical angle; measured on the face not taking into account projections or features. As seated. Fair finish work is not covered up by further finishes such as plaster or cladding, le may be, in the case of blockwork, that the work could be painted over. The pointing is usually of a type other than flush, such a bucket handle, struck, etc As stated. Hollow walls are defined as cavity walls consisting of two walls (i.e. skins or leaves) and a cavity void. Ths also applies to F20 Rule DB. . Wal foreinginer and outer Shins ot llow wall Cary Refer to the diagram in F10.1.1.2.This also applies to F20 Rule DS, Refer to the diagram FIO. Refer to FIO.2.1.1. Refer to the diagram in F10.5.1.1 FR (eaken on cone) 95