BUILDING CONSTRUCTION - TYPES OF BUILDINGS,

PLANNIG, BUILT-UP AREA, SETBACK, HEIGHT

INTRODUCTION

The National Building Code (NBC) of India defines a building

as any structure for whatsoever purpose and of whatsoever
material constructed and every part thereof whether used as
human habitat
or not.

Tents, shamianas, tarpaulin shelters, etc., erected for temporary

and ceremonial occasions are not to be considered as buildings.

1. Classifications as per NBC of India

TYPES OF BUILDINGS

1. Residential
2. Educational
3. Institutional
4. Assembly
5. Business
6. Mercantine
7. Industrial
8. Storage
9. Hazardous

1. Residential buildings are subdivided as

A–1 : Lodging or rooming houses.

A–2 : One or two family private dwellings.
A–3 : Dormitories.
A–4 : Apartment houses
A–5 : Hotels

2. Educational Buildings

B–1 : Schools upto senior secondary level with not less than 20
students.
B–2 : All other training institutions upto 100 students.
3. Institutional Buildings

C–1 : Hospitals and sanatoria

C–2 : Custodian institutions
C–3 : Penal and mental institutions

4. Assembly Buildings

D–1 : Buildings with theatrical stage and fixed chairs for over
1000 persons.

D–2 : Buildings having a theatrical stage and fixed seats for less
than 1000 persons.

D–3 : Buildings without a stage and having accommodation for

300 or more persons but without permanent seating
arrangements.

D–4 : Buildings without a stage, having accommodation for less

than 300 persons.

D–5 : All other buildings designed for assembly of people not

covered by D–1 to D–4, e.g., grand stands, stadia, circus tents,
amusement park structures.

5. Business Buildings
The building that is used as shop, store, market for display and
sale.

6. Mercantile Buildings

F–1 : Shops, stores, markets with area upto 500 m2

F–2 : Underground shopping centres, departmental stores with

area more than 500 m2

7. Industrial Buildings

G–1 : Buildings used for low hazard industries.

G–2 : Buildings used for moderate hazard industries.
G–3 : Buildings used for high-hazard industries.

8. Storage Buildings

Buildings used for storing materials and animals such as

warehouses, cold storages, freight depots, garages, hangars and
stables.

9. Hazardous Buildings

These are the buildings used for storage, handling,

manufacturing or processing of highly combustible or explosive
materials.

Buildings used for storage of LPG, rocket

propellers, ammunition, explosives and fireworks fall under this
category.

2. Classification based on the method of load

transfer According to this buildings may be classified as load
bearing structures and framed structures. Load
bearing structures are suitable for one- or two-storey residential
buildings only.

3. Classification According to materials Structures may be

classified as wooden structures, R.C.C. structures, steel
structures, etc.

4. Classification according to fire resistance NBC of India

classifies buildings as Type 1 to Type 4 on the basis of fire
resistance.

• Basic components of a building are: Foundation, plinth, walls

and columns, sills, lintels and sunshades, floors, roofs, steps,
stairs and ramps, finishing works and building services.

• A structure should be designed to withstand various loads

during its life span. IS 875–1987 gives the various loads to be
considered.

Types of Buildings as per National Building Code of India | NBC |

Building Planning

Read More Information Click Here