VIETNAM OIL AND GAS CORPORATION ( PETROVIETNAM ) DUNG QUAT REFINERY (DQR) PROJECT ee DESIGN OF BLAST RESISTANT CONTROL BUILDINGS. oe JOB SPECIFICATION FOR DESIGN DESIGN OF BLAST RESISTANT CONTROL BUILDING 2 0 28-01-2005 REASSUED FOR DESIGN Drie craw cata CL-son/SRAO| DOCUMENT REVISIONS. ‘Sections changed in ast rvson are dented bya vert! nein the marginTechnip th arAloo0 JSD 2000 002 0 2/2 VIETNAM OIL AND GAS CORPORATION ( PETROVIETNAM ) DUNG QUAT REFINERY (DQR) PROJECT DESIGN OF BLAST RESISTANT CONTROL BUILDINGS. ATTACHMENT 1 DOCUMENT 6960-8300-SP-0004 REV D1 “DESIGN OF BLAST RESISTANT CONTROL BUILDINGS”WwW DESIGN OF BLAST 6960-2200-sP-0004 RESISTANT CONTROL FOSTER WHEELER PAGE: 1 OF 15, BUILDINGS ___ENGINEERING STANDARD : REV: Dt REVISION on 02 pace o1 DATE (05 May 99. 08 Jun. 93 19 Jul. 99 — ORIG.BY___D Paitigrow _D Pertigrew D Pettigrew - APP.BY ‘A Jethwa. A Jethwa “A Jethwa _ SIGNATURE ete Contract: 1-14-6960189 Client's Name: VIETROSS: Project Title: VIETROSS REFINERY PROJECT Project Location: DUNG QUAT, VIETNAM Document Category class 1 conrenrs SECTION SUBJECT 10 SCOPE 20 REFERENCES 2a Project Standards 22 Nationalnternational Standards 2.3 Publications 3.0 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY 34 Philosophy of Protection 3.2 Philosophy of Structural Design 4.0 LOADING 4a Blast Loading 42 Normal iNon-blast) Loading 43 Loading Combinations 5.0 DESIGN AND DESIGN CRITERIA 5. Design for Blast Loading Pai Design for Normal (Non-Blast) Loadings DSN: 8016960-8300-SP-0004 PAGE: 2 REV: Dt SECTION 6.0 7.0 7 72 73 74 7.5 8.0 9.0 10.0 DESIGN OF BLAST oD FOSTER WHEELER RESISTANT CONTROL ENGINEERING STANDARD _ BUILDINGS CONTENTS SUBJECT FOUNDATIONS. Ground Bearing Foundations Piled Foundations EXTERNAL DOORS AND OPENINGS Maximum Area of Unprotected Openings External Doors Service Openings Air Intakes/Exhausts ~ Viewing Facilities INTERNAL WALLS AND PARTITIONS BUILDING FINISHES. FIXING OF EQUIPMENT TO WALLS, ROOF AND FLOOR VENTILATION EQUIPMENTDESIGN OF BLAST 6960-8300-SP.0004 RESISTANT CONTROL, FOSTER WHEELER PAGE: 3 BUILDINGS ENGINEERING STANDARD REV: D1 REVISION STATUS REVISION PAGES REASON FOR REVISION 01 ALL Issued for comment 02 - Issued AFD ot 7 Issued for Approval for Project Specification scence ih fWw 6960-8300-sP-0004. DESIGN OF BLAST PAGE: 4 FOSTER WHEELER RESISTANT CONTROL, REV: D1 ENGINEERING STANDARD _ BUILDINGS 1.0 SCOPE ww This Standard specifies the requirements for the design of the reinforced conerete control building which is required to withstand blast loading. 1.2 The significant risk of accidental release of flammable materials of sufficient magnitude to form a vapour cloud capable of explosion is described as that for a Category 1 Plant in Section § of Publication referred to in Clause 2.3.1 of this Standard. 13 The reinforced concrete control building shall be designed with shear wall structures, whereby the horizontal blast forces on the building are transmitted to the foundations by means of deep beam and shear wall action of the reinforced concrete roof, wall and floor slabs 1.4 This Standard shall be read in conjunction with Vietnamese mandatory standards, codes and regulations which also apply. In the event of any conflict, Contractor shall seek clarification from VietRoss before proceeding. Generally, the most stingent requirements shall apply. 2.0 REFERENCES Design and detailing of the blast resistant contro! building shall conform to the latest revision of the following Standards, Codes of Practice and Publications current at time of Contract Placement. 24 Project Standards 6960-8300-SP-0001- Wind and Earthquake, Loading 6960-8300-SP-0002 - Design Loading for Buildings Equipment, Structures and Foundations 6960-8300-SP-0007- _Design of Concrete Foundations, Structures and Paving 6960-8300-SP.0016 Structural Steelwork Design 2.2 Refer to Project Standard 6960-8300-SP-0002 (Design Loadings for Buildings, Equipment, Structures and Foundations) for a full ist of applicable codes.DESIGN OF BLAST 6960-8300-sP.0004 RESISTANT CONTROL FOSTER WHEELER PAGE: 5 BUILDINGS __ENGINEERING STANDARD REV: D1 23 Publications 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3 2.3.4 The following publications shall be referenced for guidance on the overall blast resistant design: An Approach to the Categorisation of Process Plant Hazard and Controi Building Design - Chemical industry Safety and Health Council of the Chemical Industries Association Limited, Alembic House, 93 Albert Embankment, London, SE1 7TU, England. Structural Design for Dynamic Loads - Norris et al, McGraw - Hill Introduction to Structural Dynamics - J.M. Biggs, McGraw-Hill Structures to Resist the Effects of Accidental Explosions - Dept of Army Manual TMS5-1300 Design of Structures to Resist Nuclear Weapons Effects - ASCE Manual 42 Corps of Engineers US Army Manuals: €M1110-345 - Design of Structures to Resist the Effects ‘of Atomic Weapons cm1110-414 Strength of Materials and Structural Elements €M1110-415 Principat of Dynamic Analysis and Design EM1110-416 - Structural Elements Subjected to Dynamic Loads —M1110-419 + Shear Wall Structures ‘The Standards, Codes of Practice and Publications listed above shall be used. However, Vietnamese Standards or Local Authority Codes may be substituted provided they are no less stringent. Philosophy of Protectic The underlying philosophy of the design of the control building against blast loading shall be broadly in agreement with Publication referred to in Clause 2.3.1 of this Standard. The design shall achieve the following objectives:6960-8300-SP-0004 DESIGN OF 8LAST PAGE: 6 3.2 FOSTER WHEELER RESISTANT CONTROL ENGINEERING STANDARD BUILDINGS. a) The safety of the plant personnel located in the building shall be maximised at the time of an incident giving rise to an unconfined vapour cloud explosion (UVCE). b) Control of the plant shall be maintained, as far as possible, to allow monitoring and shut down of the other parts of the process. ¢} Plant records shall be protected and maintained to aid in any post icident investigations. Philosophy of Structural Design To achieve the above objectives, the structural design parameters specified in this Standard are selected to enable the building to survive one incident arising from an ‘at of near ground level’ explosion. The aim being that the occupants shall be protected and the equipment sufficiently preserved in working condition after the explosion. Under the worst conditions, a major part of the plant would probably require re- building and damage to the control building, whilst not reaching collapse might render it unserviceable for further operation without re-building, A considerable spread of effects are possible from a given Unconfined Vapour-Cloud Explosion. This usually requires consideration of the effects of three different blast waves in any particular design. Two of these loadings considered “appropriate” when checked for compliance to deformation limits specified and the third considered "extreme" is used to check that the design for the more severe of the more normal loadings would not reach ultimate collapse in terms of deformation of members of the structure itself. Each blast wave is considered to be propagated as a planar wave with a vertical face travelling in a horizontal direction at a velocity of 426m/sec. Whilst it is possible to carry out dynamic analysis on a structure to represent the effect of blast waves, this Standard utilises an equivalent static loading method, generally based upon the reference given in Clause 2.3.1 above. i)DESIGN OF BLAST 6960-8300-SP-0004 RESISTANT CONTROL FOSTER WHEELER PAGE: 7 BUILDINGS: ENGINEERING STANDARD REV: D1 4.0 LOADING 44 Blast Loading 4nd Building Location ‘The Control building shall be as located on the plot plan and as far as practicable (not less than 30m) from the nearest source of hazard giving ‘ise to about 15 tonnes of flammable vapour. 41.2 Building Shape A Control Building should generally be arranged in the form of a single storey simple rectangular box with minimum height. In developing the building layout for the reinforced concrete shear wall structure consideration shall be given to the provision of transverse internal crosswalis within the structure, Where these can be provided in a symmetrical pattern they will be beneficial in spreading loads and reducing spans. Clear spans shall not be greater than 10m and internal columns provided where internal shear wails cannot be provided. Positioning of doorways in shear walls shall be carefully considered Large openings shall not be positioned closer to the junction of two shear walls than the internal height of the building 41.3 Positive and Negative Blast Pressures ‘The dynamic biast loadings acting on the building may be in the form of positive pressures or as negative (or suction) pressures. A simplified approach using “equivalent static” loads shall be used for this project. The building elements shall be designed to withstand the maximum combination of dead and live static loads given in Table 1. re ont qWwW 6960-8300-SP.0004 DESIGN OF BLAST > PAGE: 8 FOSTER WHEELER RESISTANT CONTROL REV: D1 ENGINEERING STANDARD _BUILDINGS TABLE 1 BUILDING ELEMENT [EQUIVALENT STATIC REMARKS PRESSURE iki?) = Positive [Suction TH) [Roof + 8 >8m slab span <3m slab span (2) [External walls above grade 50 7 13) [Extamal walls batow grade | ~ : Normal earth & lve loads only (4) | External doors +30 -15 NOTE! i) The above loads shall apply to individual elements. (ii) Positive and negative suction pressures shall be considered as separate load cases and need not be combined, 42 Normal (non-blast) Loa¢ 138 Normal (non-blast) loadings shall be in accordance with Project Standard 6960-8300-SP-0001 and 6960-8300-SP.0002. 43 Landing Combinations The two loading combinations to be examined are given in Table 2. Itis to be noted that the probability of wind occurring with blast = loading can be ignored, however, active and passive earth and ground water pressure shall be considered. ———e,6960-8300-SP.0004 FOSTER WHEELER PAGE: 9 ENGINEERING STANDARD REV: D1 DESIGN OF BLAST RESISTANT CONTROL BUILDINGS TABLE 2 - LOAD! COMBINATIONS: LOADING LOADING COMBINATIONS NORMAL BLAST OPERATION [DEAD = - : Structure fincluding fireproofing finishes etc) Include Include Include Include Equipment {including pipes, cables, etc.) dead 5% of total dead |5% of tot Contingency SUPERIMPOSED Roof Include Include ‘Suspended Floor Include Include OTHER Wind Include Include Earth Include Include Include Include Blast Imposed loads shall not be considered when it provides a beneficial offect. 5.0 DESIGN & DESIGN CRITERIA Design shall be in in-situ reinforced concrete. Precast or prestressed concrete shall not be used. 54 Design for Blast Loading The Contractor shall base his design on either a plastic hinge philosophy 0 ultimate strength principle which allows the redistribution of internal forces at yield. Thus when the structure develops sufficient number of plastic hinges and unrestrained deformation a factor of safety against collapse of 1.0 is achieved,WwW 6960-8300-SP-0004 DESIGN OF BLAST >) PAGE: 10 FOSTER WHEELER RESISTANT CONTROL REV: D1 ENGINEERING STANDARD BUILDINGS. 5.14 Rebound Resistance The rebound resistance of a structural element shall not be less than 75% of the positive resistance to the element. 5.1.2 Deflection of Reinforced Concrete Beams For deflection calculation purposes the Moment of Inertia of the section shall be taken as the average of the Inertia of the gross conerete section and the Inertia of the cracked section. 5.1.3 Design i The limiting resistance (Ry) of a structural element to resist load shall be S determined according to the ultimate strength method for reinforced concrete provided by ACI 318 modified as follows: a) Reinforced Concrete Reinforcing steel - strength for the design stresses of those structural elements subject to blast loads shall be the yield strength of the applied steel bars and the failure stress of the concrete. b} Minimum Conerete Strength Unless otherwise specified reinforced structural concrete shall have a minimum characteristic compressive cylinder strength of 25Nimm? at 28 days. Reference shall be made to Parts 3 and 7 of ACI 318 regarding durability of concrete under various exposure conditions. Blinding concrete shall have a minimum characteristic strength of 15N/mm? at 28 days. ¢) Maximum Tension Reinforcement Reinforced concrete members principally resisting bending shall be “under-reinforced” to remove risk of compression failure under dynamic loading, This shall be considered to be met if, after removing any area of compression steel together with an equal area of tension steel, the nett section shall have an ultimate resistance moment, based on steel strength, of not more than half that based on concrete compression strength, dj} Minimum Tension Reinforcement.DESIGN OF BLAST 6960-8300-SP.0004 RESISTANT CONTROL FOSTER WHEELER PAGE: 11 BUILDINGS ENGINEERING STANDARD REV: 1. e) fl a) » k) Reinforced concrete members principally resisting bending shall comply with minimum tensile reinforcement given in AC1 318. Maximum spacing of reinforcement steel bars shall not exceed 150mm in any given direction. Reinforcing Bars Main reinforcement shail be hot rolled deformed steel bars of grade 60 in accordance with ASTM 615. Reinforcement for links in beams, columns and the like shall be plain round bars of grade 40 in accordance with ASTM 615. 60 reinforcement is 420 MPA and of grade 40 is 300 MPA. Reinforcing shall be in as fong lengths as practicable to minimise numbers of splices. Splices shall be staggered wherever possible and located away from highly stressed areas. The permissible range of reinforcement bar diameters to be used shall be as follows:- Grade SD40:- 10 - 12 - 16 - 20 - 22 - 25 - 28 and 32mm. Grade SR24:- 6 - 9-12 - 15-19 - 22-26 and 28mm, Cover to Reinforcement Concrete cover to all bars in reinforced concrete shall comply with the requirements of Project Standard 6960-8300-SP.0019. Shear Reinforcement Shear reinforcement shall be provided wherever necessary in the form of bars normal to the plane of the main tension reinforcement. Inclined bars may not be suitable for stress reversals during rebound, Minimum Slab and Wall Thickness The minimum thickness of in-situ roof and walls slabs shall be 300mm, Joints in Concrete Construction joints shall be minimised and surfaces properly prepared In the case of shear walls additional care shall be taken to form keys or use epoxy resin bonding agents in horizontal joints. Contraction or expansion joints shall not be provided. « (6960-8300-SP-0004 DESIGN OF BLAST =) PAGE: 12 FOSTER WHEELER RESISTANT CONTROL REV: D1 ENGINEERING STANDARD _BUILDINGS_ 5.2 al (non-blast) Loadings Design shall meet the requirements of ACI 318 for the nor-blast load cases. In general the blast design case shall govern the design, but in the case of long span roof members, the normal design case may be more severe particularly as regards to serviceability. 6.0 FOUNDATIONS 6.1 Foundation Design, Foundations shail be adequate to support the normal loadings at normal 5) allowable ground bearing capacity. If piles are required to resist lateral movements of the structure under the blast loading, raked piles may be used. In determining pile requirements passive resistance developed on the foundation walls and footing shall be taken into account. 7.0 EXTERNAL DOORS AND OPENINGS 7A Maximum Area of Unprotected Openings ‘The total area of openings other than those fully protected against blast load in external walls and root shall not exceed 0.0067 m?/m? of the internal volume of the building and not more than half of which shall be in one face. a 7.2 External Doors 7.24 Doors in external blast resistant walls shall be kept to a minimum. They shall be fabricated from mild steel and shall open outwards and butt on all four edges against steel frames cast into the concrete. Care shall be taken in the selection of door ironmongery to ensure that they can resist negative blast loadings. The weight of doors and ease of opening shall be carefully examined particularly for frequently used doors.DESIGN OF BLAST 6960-8300-SP.0004 RESISTANT CONTROL FOSTER WHEELER PAGE: 13 BUILDINGS ENGINEERING STANDARD __ REV: Dt 7.2 ‘The door shall be fabricated from an approved carbon steel and designed to obtain maximum strength from the materials used whilst being light enough for normal use. A strong baftle wall shall be provided inside the building to prevent the door being projected into the building in the event of an explosion force in excess of the door strength. 73 Service Openings Pipes, services, etc. shall be through transits fixed to the concrete so as to resist blast entry. 7A Intakes/Exhausts The area of these features shall be considered as part of the total area of openings into the building. They shall be designed to prevent entry of dobris into personnel areas by location, arrangement, baftles or any other Where blast protection of these openings is required, blast activated shut off valves shall be built into the structural opening of air intakes and exhausts. 75 Viewing Facilities Normal windows shall not be provided. Viewing facilities of specific portions of the plant shall be provided by means of closed circuit television. 8.0 INTERNAL WALLS AND PARTITIONS The internal partitions in a blast resistant control building shall be designed to resist a transverse differential pressure of 7kNim? considered as a static loading. This degree of resistance is considered necessary in recognition of the maximum unprotected area of external walls allowed in Clause 7.1 of this Standard. Where all openings in external walls are fully protected against blast loadings then differential pressures on internal partitions may be ignored Partition supports shall be constructed of ductile materials. Partition coverings shall be adequately fixed to their supports soaomncnnnansrne Of Q6960-8300-SP.0004 DESIGN OF BLAST oD) PAGE: 14 FOSTER WHEELER RESISTANT CONTROL REV: D1 ENGINEERING STANDARD BUILDINGS The design of the partitions shall recognise the movement of the main structure in the event of a blast. In a shear wall structure this will mainly consist of modest deflections of wall and roof panels between supports. Racking deflections are restrained by shear wall action and will be insignificant in terms of partition design. In particular design a review of main structure movements at partition points shall be carried out and the partition system devised in the light of the expected movements. These may include the use of sliding telescopic joints, crushable panels etc. Partitions shall be able to accommodate the vertical deformation of the roof whilst resisting the specified design pressure. 9.0 BUILDING FINISHES Building finishes shall be in accordance with Project Standard 6960 8300-SP.0018, This Standard specifies the use of reinforced concrete for the whole of the structural envelope of the building. The concrete finish shall be specified to give an acceptable appearance without additional cladding such as brickwork, tiles or any other potential missile producing materials. Features such as parapets, copings, rainwater down pipes, shall either be minimised or avoided altogether. Where necessary they shall be formed integral with the reinforced concrete, Wall tiles, where used internally, shall be fixed to the wall with epoxy tile adhesive to prevent them coming loose in the event of an explosion, All surface finishing materials shall be fire resistant or non-combustible and shall not contain loose fibres. All surfaces, including those under suspended floors or above suspended ceilings shall be sealed to prevent formation of dust. 10.0 FIXING OF EQUIPMENT TO WALLS ROOF AND FLOOR in the event of an explosion maximum acceleration of panels and beams will be experienced mid way between supports. Sensitive equipment shall not be attached to external walls or roof, Any equipment fixed to walls or roof should be attached adjacent to support points and the strength of fixings shall be made adequate in view of the likely accelerations.WwW DESIGN OF BLAST 6960-8300-sP-0004 RESISTANT CONTROL FOSTER WHEELER BUILDINGS: ENGINEERING STANDARD Equipment shall not be located on the roof except air intake and exhaust equipment up to a maximum height of 1.8m, air intake stacks or other minor items such as television cameras, acrials etc. VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT Refer to Project Standard 6960-8300-SP-0002 for design requirements. The hazards provided by the ventilation system in the event of an explosion shall be minimised Precautions shall be taken in selection and arrangement of fan equipment 80 a5 not to allow projection of parts of the equipment as missiles through the duct system. ‘The duct system shall be arranged with weak horizontal joints to allow early venting of any pressure build up.