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Review
Question 1 of 100
1. Question
You are the project manager of a small project. Recently assigned to manage another project also . As
both projects are ongoing, you need to divide your time among these two. The second project seems to
be growing in size every day. With time passes, you feel more and more need of help. You have heard
about a project manager in your organization who had managed project similar to second project. As
project manager what should you do?
1. Contact the other project manager and ask for assistance.
2. Get historical data and guidance from the project management office (PMO)
3. Wait and watch, if the project is impacted by the growth in scope
4. Try to get node of all stakeholders on the scope for the project
Correct
Option B is the best route that project manager can take as PMO (project management office) can
provide knowledge and guidance to the project managers and historical information of the past
projects. Option A is not the best choice as the other project manager may not be the experienced
mentor and may provide inadequate advice. Option C is reactive and not a good action. Option D may
not be helpful in this scenario.
Incorrect
Option B is the best route that project manager can take as PMO (project management office) can
provide knowledge and guidance to the project managers and historical information of the past
projects. Option A is not the best choice as the other project manager may not be the experienced
mentor and may provide inadequate advice. Option C is reactive and not a good action. Option D may
not be helpful in this scenario.
Question 2 of 100
2. Question
You are a project manager of an information technology project in an investment bank. While
developing the project charter, you realize that there are several regulatory requirements which are not
addressed in the business case. And failure to meet these regulatory requirements can lead to legal
actions against the company. The implementation of these requirements will increase the project’s
scope and budget, which may result in cancellation of the project. What should you do?
1. Let project be complete by 25% and then re-evaluate what resources and funding could be
allocated for these requirements.
2. Log and track it as a risk.
3. Disclose the discovery to the project sponsor and stakeholders.
4. Write up a scope change for the work.
Correct
Option C is the correct answer. Bring it to the notice of the stakeholders immediately as project
managers are required by PMI’s Code of Ethics to comply with all laws and regulations. Failure to
immediately and actively disclose that a regulatory requirement has not been addressed puts the
company and the project manager in the position of breaking the law.
Incorrect
Option C is the correct answer. Bring it to the notice of the stakeholders immediately as project
managers are required by PMI’s Code of Ethics to comply with all laws and regulations. Failure to
immediately and actively disclose that a regulatory requirement has not been addressed puts the
company and the project manager in the position of breaking the law.
Question 3 of 100
3. Question
Which of the following BEST describes what a project charter may be used for, when project is in
Execution phase?
1. To make sure all team member are rewarded.
2. To help determine if a scope change should be approved
3. To assess the effectiveness of the change control system
4. To make sure all the documentation on the project is completed
Correct
Option B is the correct answer. One of the ways to check if a change should be approved is to determine
whether the work falls within the project charter. If not it should be rejected assigned to a more
appropriate project or addressed as a project of its own. Overall project execution should fall under
guidelines of project charter.
Incorrect
Option B is the correct answer. One of the ways to check if a change should be approved is to determine
whether the work falls within the project charter. If not it should be rejected assigned to a more
appropriate project or addressed as a project of its own. Overall project execution should fall under
guidelines of project charter.
Question 4 of 100
4. Question
Two project managers were debating on whole purpose of project charter. As per project manager ‘A’,
project charter is required to authorize start of a project formally and this is the whole purpose of it. As
per project manager ‘B’, project charter is required to authorize a project to start and provide authority
to project manager to apply organization resources to the project which as per project manager A,
project manager already have authority to use any organizational resource. Who is correct in their
thinking here?
1. Project Manager A
2. Project Manager B
3. Neither A nor B
4. Both are correct
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation- Project manager B is correct is saying that project charter project charter is required to
authorize a project to start and provide authority to project manager to apply organization resources to
the project. Project Manager ‘A’ is not correct for considering that project manager have authority to
use any organizational resource, as project managers are authorized at start of every project to use the
organizational resources.
Tags –Initiating Process Group, Project Integration Management, Develop Project Charter
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation- Project manager B is correct is saying that project charter project charter is required to
authorize a project to start and provide authority to project manager to apply organization resources to
the project. Project Manager ‘A’ is not correct for considering that project manager have authority to
use any organizational resource, as project managers are authorized at start of every project to use the
organizational resources.
Question 5 of 100
5. Question
You are assigned to a new project that has been attempted, but unsuccessful several times in last few
years. The reason for unsuccessful attempts was ‘Politics’ (differing views and directions by key
stakeholders). This is an example of:
1. Stakeholder analysis
2. Scope Management
3. Historical information
4. Risk Identification
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – This question shows how important historical information is for adequately planning
projects. Notice the wording in the question. The word stakeholder is used in the question but this is not
an example of stakeholder analysis (choice A) nor is it an example of scope management (choice B) as
the situation described is from past projects. Such information can lead to risks (choice D) but this is not
an example of risk identification.
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – This question shows how important historical information is for adequately planning
projects. Notice the wording in the question. The word stakeholder is used in the question but this is not
an example of stakeholder analysis (choice A) nor is it an example of scope management (choice B) as
the situation described is from past projects. Such information can lead to risks (choice D) but this is not
an example of risk identification.
Question 6 of 100
6. Question
As a project manager, you receive an initial document of a project which states narrative description of
product or service and results which required to be delivered by the project from the sponsor of the
project. This document has the other references containing information that what are the needs of
project depending on market demand or any government regulation and the scope characteristics of the
product. What is the formal name of the document that you as Project manager have received?
1. Business Case
2. Project Charter
3. Statement of work
4. Project Scope statement

Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – Here the document project manager has received is Statement of work. SOW (statement
of work) is the document which contains narrative description of the product and expected results from
the product. Business case contains the business standpoint or need of the project. It is a decision
making document which helps in identifying the need of project depending on different factors such as
market demand, organization need, customer request, legal requirements are few examples. Project
Charter is the document which authorizes the project and SOW is the input to create project charter.
Project scope statement is the documentation of project’s entire scope, major deliverables,
assumptions, constraints and work required to complete the deliverables.
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – Here the document project manager has received is Statement of work. SOW (statement
of work) is the document which contains narrative description of the product and expected results from
the product. Business case contains the business standpoint or need of the project. It is a decision
making document which helps in identifying the need of project depending on different factors such as
market demand, organization need, customer request, legal requirements are few examples. Project
Charter is the document which authorizes the project and SOW is the input to create project charter.
Project scope statement is the documentation of project’s entire scope, major deliverables,
assumptions, constraints and work required to complete the deliverables.
Question 7 of 100
7. Question
Who issues the Project Charter ?
1. Sponsor
2. Project Manager
3. Project Team
4. Stakeholders
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – Project Charter is the document which provides high level requirements or high level
product description which can then be transformed into detailed requirements. Sponsor is the group or
a person who provided financial resources to the project and issues project charter to initiate project /
product development.
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – Project Charter is the document which provides high level requirements or high level
product description which can then be transformed into detailed requirements. Sponsor is the group or
a person who provided financial resources to the project and issues project charter to initiate project /
product development.
Question 8 of 100
8. Question
What is the BEST technique to determine project objectives?
1. Delphi technique
2. Earned value analysis
3. Expert interviews
4. Pareto
Correct
Answer: A
Explanation – Earned value analysis (choice B) is used for monitoring project’s overall performance.
Pareto (choice D) is a quality tool which helps in identifying areas of high density of defects.. Expert
interviews (choice C) simply provide information from individuals, while the Delphi Technique (choice A)
leads to consensus of expert opinion and is therefore best.
Tags –Initiating Process Group, Project Integration Management, Develop Project Charter, Project Scope
Management
Incorrect
Answer: A
Explanation – Earned value analysis (choice B) is used for monitoring project’s overall performance.
Pareto (choice D) is a quality tool which helps in identifying areas of high density of defects.. Expert
interviews (choice C) simply provide information from individuals, while the Delphi Technique (choice A)
leads to consensus of expert opinion and is therefore best.
Tags –Initiating Process Group, Project Integration Management, Develop Project Charter, Project Scope
Management
Question 9 of 100
9. Question
Project charter is the initial document which is created by inputs such as SOW, business cases,
organizational process assets and in contains information which includes?
1. Business needs, Project purpose, High level requirements, assumptions and constraints,
stakeholder list , summary budget, High level risk
2. Business needs, Project purpose, Detailed requirements, assumptions and constraints stakeholder
list, High level risk
3. Business needs, Project purpose, , assumptions and constraints, project management plan,
stakeholder list, summary budget, assumptions and constraints
4. Business needs, Project purpose, High level requirements, Work Authorization System ,
assumptions and constraints, assumptions and constraints
Correct
Answer – A
Explanations –Project charter contains information regarding business need and justification, project
purpose, assumptions and constraints, High level requirements, high level risk, summary budget. As it is
the initial document of the project, project charter cannot contain the detailed documents such as
detailed requirements document and project scope statement which are created at later stages in the
project. Work authorization system is collection of formal procedures that defines how work will be
authorized and is part of enterprise environmental factors, it can be input to the project charter and
need not be part of project charter.
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanations –Project charter contains information regarding business need and justification, project
purpose, assumptions and constraints, High level requirements, high level risk, summary budget. As it is
the initial document of the project, project charter cannot contain the detailed documents such as
detailed requirements document and project scope statement which are created at later stages in the
project. Work authorization system is collection of formal procedures that defines how work will be
authorized and is part of enterprise environmental factors, it can be input to the project charter and
need not be part of project charter.
Question 10 of 100
10. Question
In an organization a restructuring shift from weak matrix to strong matrix organization, the power is
shifted from the:
1. Project Manager to the functional manager
2. Expeditor to the coordinator
3. Functional manager to the project manager
4. Functional manager to the sponsor
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – In a weak matrix organization the power stays with the functional manager and in strong
matrix organization, power stays with the project manager. Now when the power shifts from weak to
strong matrix, project manager will be having more power than the functional manager
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – In a weak matrix organization the power stays with the functional manager and in strong
matrix organization, power stays with the project manager. Now when the power shifts from weak to
strong matrix, project manager will be having more power than the functional manager
Question 11 of 100
11. Question
When as project manager you have given choice to select project you can undertake out of three
projects available, Out of following factors which you will NOT consider while taking decision
1. Net Present Value (NPV)

2. Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR)
3. Payback period
4. Law of Diminishing returns
Correct
The correct answer is D.
Explanation- The law of diminishing returns has nothing to do with choosing between projects. Notice
that this question requires you to understand that projects should be systematically selected and that
the selection should be based on some formal evaluation of all projects available. Many project
managers have little experience or knowledge of the activities such as this that go on during project
initiation. Though there are not many questions on the exam on project initiation, a little study can help
you get many of these questions right, even if you are not currently involved in initiating projects in your
company.
Incorrect
The correct answer is D.
Explanation- The law of diminishing returns has nothing to do with choosing between projects. Notice
that this question requires you to understand that projects should be systematically selected and that
the selection should be based on some formal evaluation of all projects available. Many project
managers have little experience or knowledge of the activities such as this that go on during project
initiation. Though there are not many questions on the exam on project initiation, a little study can help
you get many of these questions right, even if you are not currently involved in initiating projects in your
company.
Question 12 of 100
12. Question
In projects, expert judgment will often be used throughout the project integration processes. Which of
the following does not provide expert judgment?
1. Professional and technical associations
2. Competitors
3. Consultants
4. Other groups and units within the organization

Correct
Answer –B
Explanation – For the project, expert judgment can be available from other groups and units in the
organization, stakeholders including sponsors, customers, consultants and subject matter experts, But
not from the competitors
Tags – Initiating Process Group, Project Communication Management, Identify Stakeholders,
Incorrect
Answer –B
Explanation – For the project, expert judgment can be available from other groups and units in the
organization, stakeholders including sponsors, customers, consultants and subject matter experts, But
not from the competitors
Tags – Initiating Process Group, Project Communication Management, Identify Stakeholders,
Question 13 of 100
13. Question
As a project manager, you know that stakeholders can impact project success. To manage stakeholder
expectations is an important priority. Out of the following which statement on project stakeholders is
NOT correct?
1. For project successful completion of project, ignore negative stakeholders
2. Stakeholders have varying levels of responsibility and authority when participating on a project
and these can impact project life cycle.
3. Some key stakeholders include project manager, project team, operations manager, customer
and sponsor
4. Stakeholders often have very different or conflicting objectives and their expectations are difficult
to manage.
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation –For success of the project we cannot ignore negative stakeholders as if ignored they can
hurt the project’s progress. For the stakeholders with positive expectations from the project, their
interests are best served by helping the project succeed. But overlooking negative stakeholders can
result in an increased likelihood of failure.
Tags – Initiating Process Group, Project Communication Management, Identify Stakeholders
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation –For success of the project we cannot ignore negative stakeholders as if ignored they can
hurt the project’s progress. For the stakeholders with positive expectations from the project, their
interests are best served by helping the project succeed. But overlooking negative stakeholders can
result in an increased likelihood of failure.
Question 14 of 100
14. Question
Out of all stakeholders, a stakeholder is voicing Negative opinions about part of project scope to other
stakeholders. As a result now there is strong opposition to some deliverables even though everyone had
agreed to the scope when it was defined. Which of the following is the BEST choice for the project
manager?
1. Redistribute the project scope to all stakeholders
2. Solicit comments on the scope from all stakeholders
3. Discuss face to face with the stakeholder voicing opposition
4. Ask the project sponsor to meet with the stakeholder voicing opposition
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation –Face to face discussion with the stakeholder is the best choice as it is direct and proactive.
It can help the project manager to find out what’s going on before it gets escalated. It is responsibility of
the project manager to manage stakeholders to involve sponsors is premature. And before discussion
with stakeholder voicing negative, it will not be beneficial to involve other stakeholders and discuss
about scope with them.
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation –Face to face discussion with the stakeholder is the best choice as it is direct and proactive.
It can help the project manager to find out what’s going on before it gets escalated. It is responsibility of
the project manager to manage stakeholders to involve sponsors is premature. And before discussion
with stakeholder voicing negative, it will not be beneficial to involve other stakeholders and discuss
about scope with them.
Question 15 of 100
15. Question
You have been assigned to a project in which the objectives are to record customer messages to an
automated system in case of customer queue is very long and then if customer wants to continue,
connect customer to call agent when his/her turn comes. You are in charge of media communication for
this project. VP marketing will share responsibility with you for this project. Which organizational
structure do you work in?
1. Functional organization
2. Weak matrix organization
3. Strong matrix organization
4. Balance matrix organization
Correct
Answer – D
Explanation –Employees in Balanced matrix often reports to two or more managers. In this question
Functional manager i.e. VP marketing and Project Manager share authority and responsibility for project
that shows there is a BALANCE of power between functional manager and project manager.
Incorrect
Answer – D
Explanation –Employees in Balanced matrix often reports to two or more managers. In this question
Functional manager i.e. VP marketing and Project Manager share authority and responsibility for project
that shows there is a BALANCE of power between functional manager and project manager.
Question 16 of 100
16. Question
Your company manufactures small electric switches. It is introducing new product line of designer
switches in various colors. These new products will be offered indefinitely starting with the spring
catalog release. Which of the following is TRUE?
1. This is a project as this new product line never been manufactured and sold by this company
before.
2. This is an ongoing operation because the company is in the business of manufacturing electric
switches. Introducing it in various colors is simply a new twist on an existing process.
3. This is an ongoing operation as the new product line will be sold indefinitely and it is not
temporary
4. This is not a project or ongoing operation. This is a new product introduction not affecting
ongoing operations.
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – This is a project. The product line is new, which implies this is a new product and hasn’t
been done before. You can discern a definite start and end date by the fact given that the new switches
must be ready by the spring catalog release.
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – This is a project. The product line is new, which implies this is a new product and hasn’t
been done before. You can discern a definite start and end date by the fact given that the new switches
must be ready by the spring catalog release.
Question 17 of 100
17. Question
All of the following statements are true EXCEPT for which one?
1. Programs are groups of related projects.
2. Project life cycles are collections of sequential and occasionally overlapping project phases.
3. A project may or may not be part of a program.
4. Portfolios are collections of interdependent projects and programs
Correct
Answer – D
Explanation – Portfolios are collection of projects and programs to facilitate effective to meet strategic
business objectives. The projects and programs need not to be interrelated or related to reside within
the portfolio.
Incorrect
Answer – D
Explanation – Portfolios are collection of projects and programs to facilitate effective to meet strategic
business objectives. The projects and programs need not to be interrelated or related to reside within
the portfolio.
Question 18 of 100
18. Question
What are the inputs to the Develop Project Charter process?
1. Contract, Project SOW, Business case, Enterprise environmental factors, and Organizational
process assets.
2. Project SOW, Business case, and Organizational process assets, project management plan, risk
management plan.
3. Contract, Enterprise environmental factors, and Organizational process assets, project

management plan.
4. Project SOW, Enterprise environmental factors, and Organizational process assets.
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation –As per PMBOK®, Develop Project Charter process has five inputs, these are – Contract,
Project SOW, Business case, Enterprise environmental factors, and Organizational process assets.
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation –As per PMBOK®, Develop Project Charter process has five inputs, these are – Contract,
Project SOW, Business case, Enterprise environmental factors, and Organizational process assets.
Question 19 of 100
19. Question
For a multi-phased project, when does the Close Project or Phase process needs to be done and what all
need to be done?
1. The Close Project or Phase process needs to be done at the end of each phase of the project;
however, it is left to the project manager's opinion on whether he/she wants to perform this process in
between phases. It necessarily needs to be done at the end of the project.
2. The Close Project or Phase process is done at the end of the project in case the work is contracted
out to external performing organizations.
3. The Close Project or Phase process needs to performed at the end of the project and involves
closing out the entire project scope.
4. The Close Project or Phase process needs to be performed at the end of each phase of the project
and involves closing out the portion of project scope applicable to that phase.
Correct
Answer – D
Explanation – In multi-phase projects, the Close Project or Phase process is done at the end of each
phase and closes out the portion of project scope and associated activities for a particular phase. In
multiphase projects, processes are repeated within each phase until the criteria of phase completion
have been satisfied. When we talk about procurement management, in multiphase projects the term of
a contract may only be applicable to a given phase of the project
Tags – Closing Process Group, Project Integration Management, Close Project or Phase
Incorrect
Answer – D
Explanation – In multi-phase projects, the Close Project or Phase process is done at the end of each
phase and closes out the portion of project scope and associated activities for a particular phase. In
multiphase projects, processes are repeated within each phase until the criteria of phase completion
have been satisfied. When we talk about procurement management, in multiphase projects the term of
a contract may only be applicable to a given phase of the project
Tags – Closing Process Group, Project Integration Management, Close Project or Phase
Question 20 of 100
20. Question
You are the project manager of project which is at the closure stage. For administrative closure of the
project what steps you will follow:
Step 1 – Activities and actions required to transfer project’s products, services or result to the next
phase or to production or operations.
Step 2 – Actions and activities required to update risk plan and scope management plan
Step 3 – Actions required collecting project or phase records, audit results and lessons learned
Step 4 – Actions and activities required to satisfy completion or exit criteria for the phase or project
1. Step1 , step 2 , step 3

2. Step4 , step 1, step 3
3. Step 2, step 3, step 4
4. Step 1, step2, step 4
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – For administrative closure of the project, the step by step methodologies should include
actions and activities which are required to satisfy completion or exit criteria for the phase or project.
Actions and activities required to transfer the project’s product, services or results to the next phase or
production or operations and in the end actions and activities required to collect project or phase
records, audit project’s success or failure, gather lessons learned and archive project information for
further use by the organization.
Tags –Closing Process Group, Project Integration Management, Close Project or Phase
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – For administrative closure of the project, the step by step methodologies should include
actions and activities which are required to satisfy completion or exit criteria for the phase or project.
Actions and activities required to transfer the project’s product, services or results to the next phase or
production or operations and in the end actions and activities required to collect project or phase
records, audit project’s success or failure, gather lessons learned and archive project information for
further use by the organization.
Question 21 of 100
21. Question
While working on Close procurement process, the project manager is responsible to complete each
project procurement to complete Close project / phase. In this context, the final settlement of all
outstanding issues, claims and disputes (if any) by negotiations is done through:
1. Contract closure
2. Procurement audits
3. Claims documentations
4. Negotiated settlements
Correct
Answer- D
Explanation – Option D is correct answer as `Negotiated settlements` is a technique used to negotiate
the final equitable settlement of all outstanding issues, claims, and disputes in all the procurement
relationships. Option A – Contract closure refers to the closure of a contract applicable to the project or
project phase. Option B – Procurements audit is a structured review of the procurement process
originating from the Plan Procurements process through Administer Procurements process. Option C:
Claims documentation refers to documentation of request or demand by the seller against the buyer, or
vice versa, for compensation under the terms of a legally binding contract, such as a disputed change.
Tags – Closing Process Group, Project Procurement Management, Close Procurement
Incorrect
Answer- D
Explanation – Option D is correct answer as `Negotiated settlements` is a technique used to negotiate
the final equitable settlement of all outstanding issues, claims, and disputes in all the procurement
relationships. Option A – Contract closure refers to the closure of a contract applicable to the project or
project phase. Option B – Procurements audit is a structured review of the procurement process
originating from the Plan Procurements process through Administer Procurements process. Option C:
Claims documentation refers to documentation of request or demand by the seller against the buyer, or
vice versa, for compensation under the terms of a legally binding contract, such as a disputed change.
Question 22 of 100
22. Question
Which Analytical techniques are BEST suitable to check the performance of project /phase at the time of
close project/ phase?
1. Reserve analysis and Variance analysis
2. Regression analysis and Trend Analysis
3. Reserve analysis and Trend Analysis
4. Variance analysis and regression analysis
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – Reserve analysis deals with buffers or contingency reserves in the project schedule to
account for schedule uncertainty. Contingency reserves are estimated during schedule baseline and
associated with ‘Known-unknowns’. It is not related with performance evaluation. Variance Analysis is
used in EVM for analyzing different variances such as schedule and cost. Regression analysis can be used
by series of variables as inputs and corresponding outputs in order to get the relationship and get the
performance of the project. Trend analysis is another technique which can be used to check the
performance of the project at time of closing, as it helps in for casting future outcomes depending on
historical data.
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – Reserve analysis deals with buffers or contingency reserves in the project schedule to
account for schedule uncertainty. Contingency reserves are estimated during schedule baseline and
associated with ‘Known-unknowns’. It is not related with performance evaluation. Variance Analysis is
used in EVM for analyzing different variances such as schedule and cost. Regression analysis can be used
by series of variables as inputs and corresponding outputs in order to get the relationship and get the
performance of the project. Trend analysis is another technique which can be used to check the
performance of the project at time of closing, as it helps in for casting future outcomes depending on
historical data.
Question 23 of 100
23. Question
. ‘Sam’ the project manager is holding a team meeting and stakeholders to discuss and learn that what
has hindered and what has helped the project and project team’s performance. All the following
statements are true regarding this situation except for which one? Choose the least correct answer
1. These meetings are called lesson learnt meeting and the documentation for lessons learnt is used
to distribute information. These meetings are good team building activity.
2. The information gathered from these meetings concerns processes and activities which have
already occurred, so it can be most useful only for the future projects as lessons learnt.
3. The project reports component of the organizational process assets updates output includes
status meetings and lessons learned.
4. These meetings should be documented and should always include the cause of the issue, the
reasons for the corrective actions, and the other appropriate information about the issues.
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation -The meeting that the project manager has called is ‘Lessons Learnt’ meeting and that is a
great team building activity. All options except B hold good and true about it. Option B does not hold
good because, it is not compulsory that lessons learnt document can only be used by future projects, it
can be used for current project and team members as well.
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation -The meeting that the project manager has called is ‘Lessons Learnt’ meeting and that is a
great team building activity. All options except B hold good and true about it. Option B does not hold
good because, it is not compulsory that lessons learnt document can only be used by future projects, it
can be used for current project and team members as well.
Question 24 of 100
24. Question
You have completed your project and performing project closure activities. What should you do LAST in
this process?
1. Creating final product, service, or result transition
2. Releasing project resources working on the project
3. Updating organizational process assets
4. Accepting deliverables
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – The project manager needs resources such as people, equipment etc. for closure activities
as well, so that’s why this should be the last step. Final product, service, or result transition,
organizational process assets updates are outputs of the Close Project or Phase and accepted
deliverables are its inputs which are dealt with during the closure project/ phase.
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – The project manager needs resources such as people, equipment etc. for closure activities
as well, so that’s why this should be the last step. Final product, service, or result transition,
organizational process assets updates are outputs of the Close Project or Phase and accepted
deliverables are its inputs which are dealt with during the closure project/ phase.
Question 25 of 100
25. Question
Which of the following is NOT required as input for Close project / phase process
1. Project Management Plan
2. Accepted Deliverables
3. Work Performance Information

4. Organizational process assets
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – Work Performance information is required as input for Monitor and control project work.
It is collection of data from various controlling processes and provides foundation of decisions taken in
projects. Examples of work performance information are status of deliverables, status of change request
and forecasted estimates to complete. The other 3 options (A, B & D) are required as inputs to close
project/ phase process. Project management plan is required to define what constitute project closure,
accepted deliverables are required is mark that what has decided is delivered and approved.
Organizational process assets are required to provide guidelines or any historical data and lessons
learned database that can be updated at the time of project closure.
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – Work Performance information is required as input for Monitor and control project work.
It is collection of data from various controlling processes and provides foundation of decisions taken in
projects. Examples of work performance information are status of deliverables, status of change request
and forecasted estimates to complete. The other 3 options (A, B & D) are required as inputs to close
project/ phase process. Project management plan is required to define what constitute project closure,
accepted deliverables are required is mark that what has decided is delivered and approved.
Organizational process assets are required to provide guidelines or any historical data and lessons
learned database that can be updated at the time of project closure.
Question 26 of 100
26. Question
As a project manager, you are performing administrative closure of the project. At the end of the
process, you will have formal acceptance, project archives and ____
1. Project P&L statement
2. Lessons learned
3. Statement of work updates
4. Performance measurement documents
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – Administrative closure is performed at the end of each phase of the project. Outputs are
consistent regardless of the phase and these are project archives i.e. project records, project archives
and lessons learnt for future reference.
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – Administrative closure is performed at the end of each phase of the project. Outputs are
consistent regardless of the phase and these are project archives i.e. project records, project archives
and lessons learnt for future reference.
Question 27 of 100
27. Question
You are happy project manager of a project and in planning phase, everything is going great. On one fine
day, you get the information from higher management that your customer has decided to terminate the
project as the need for the product does not exist anymore. As a project manager, what step would you
take FIRST?
1. Call a meeting with the customer
2. Verify the request against the procurement documents
3. Enter Close Procurements process
4. Seek project sponsor’s advice
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – Close Procurements is the process of completing each and every project’s procurement
even in case of early termination. Early termination of a contract is a special case of procurement
closure that can result from a mutual agreement of both parties either from the default of one party or
for convenience of the buyer. As per the termination clause, the buyer may have to compensate the
seller for seller’s preparations and for any completed and accepted work related to the terminated part
of the contract. But in all scenarios, early termination calls for the project to enter in Close Procurement
process.
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – Close Procurements is the process of completing each and every project’s procurement
even in case of early termination. Early termination of a contract is a special case of procurement
closure that can result from a mutual agreement of both parties either from the default of one party or
for convenience of the buyer. As per the termination clause, the buyer may have to compensate the
seller for seller’s preparations and for any completed and accepted work related to the terminated part
of the contract. But in all scenarios, early termination calls for the project to enter in Close Procurement
process.
Question 28 of 100
28. Question
During which process the project manager review prior phase documentation and customer acceptance
documentation from the Verify Scope process?
1. Close Project or Phase
2. Control Scope
3. Perform Quality Control
4. Perform Quality Assurance
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – Option A is the correct answer as during Close Project or Phase, the project manager
reviews all prior phase documentation, customer acceptance documentation from the Verify Scope
process to ensure that all project requirements are complete prior to finalizing the closure of the
project. Option B – Control Scope is the process of monitoring the status of the project and project
scope and managing the changes to the scope baseline and not review the prior phase documentation.
Option C – Perform Quality Control is the process of monitoring and recording results of executing the
quality activities to assess performance and recommend necessary changes and it is not related with
review of customer acceptance documentation. Option D – Perform Quality Assurance is the process of
auditing the quality requirements and results from the quality control measurements to ensure
appropriate quality standards and operational definitions are used and not related with verification of
scope.
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – Option A is the correct answer as during Close Project or Phase, the project manager
reviews all prior phase documentation, customer acceptance documentation from the Verify Scope
process to ensure that all project requirements are complete prior to finalizing the closure of the
project. Option B – Control Scope is the process of monitoring the status of the project and project
scope and managing the changes to the scope baseline and not review the prior phase documentation.
Option C – Perform Quality Control is the process of monitoring and recording results of executing the
quality activities to assess performance and recommend necessary changes and it is not related with
review of customer acceptance documentation. Option D – Perform Quality Assurance is the process of
auditing the quality requirements and results from the quality control measurements to ensure
appropriate quality standards and operational definitions are used and not related with verification of
scope.
Question 29 of 100
29. Question
While planning for your project as the project manager, you realized that your project has 4 critical
paths. Which of the following BEST describes how it is going to affects your project?
1. Critical path – means it needs more people
2. Critical path – means it makes project more expensive
3. Critical path – means it increases the project risk
4. Critical path – means it makes it easier to manage
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – More critical path may imply more people (option A) or more cost (option B) , but to
manage more critical paths there could be more risks to manage. Any task on the Critical Path has zero
slack time which means that any slippage in the completion of that task will lead to a slippage in the
overall project delivery date or impact overall project and can risk the whole project. That’s give us the
reason to focus more on the items on the Critical Path.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Time Management – Develop Schedule
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – More critical path may imply more people (option A) or more cost (option B) , but to
manage more critical paths there could be more risks to manage. Any task on the Critical Path has zero
slack time which means that any slippage in the completion of that task will lead to a slippage in the
overall project delivery date or impact overall project and can risk the whole project. That’s give us the
reason to focus more on the items on the Critical Path.
Question 30 of 100
30. Question
‘Sam’ the project manager is working towards clearly describes the level of involvement expected from
everyone involved in the project. The main purpose is to prevent rework, conflicts and coordination
issues. Which of the following BEST describes the Sam’s efforts?
1. Develop Project Management plan and quality planning
2. Problem solving, control and preventing gold plating
3. Scope validation and quality control
4. Develop project team
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – When you read the question – two words ‘describes and prevent’ which when taken
together should tell you that the project is in ‘Planning’ process group. Option B & C – Problem solving,
control and preventing gold plating is not part of planning process group and Option – C Scope
validation and quality control are is part of Monitoring and control. Option D – Develop project team is
part of execution process group. Option A – Develop Project Management plan and quality planning is
part of planning process group.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Integration Management – Develop Project Management Plan
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – When you read the question – two words ‘describes and prevent’ which when taken
together should tell you that the project is in ‘Planning’ process group. Option B & C – Problem solving,
control and preventing gold plating is not part of planning process group and Option – C Scope
validation and quality control are is part of Monitoring and control. Option D – Develop project team is
part of execution process group. Option A – Develop Project Management plan and quality planning is
part of planning process group.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Integration Management – Develop Project Management Plan
Question 31 of 100
31. Question
You are planning to buy a house and went to a builder to get some idea of how much a house that fits in
your requirement will cost you. Builder provides you estimation for the construction of a residential
home based on cost a certain amount per square foot of living area. This is an example of what type of
estimating?
1. Analogous estimating
2. Three Point estimating
3. Bottom-up estimating
4. Parametric estimating
Correct
Answer – D
Explanation – Parametric estimating is quantitative based estimation type such as number of
installations per day where cost is estimated quantitatively. Estimation depending on past data of similar
types is analogous estimation. Three point estimation uses optimistic, most likely and worst scenario.
Bottom up is based on detailed activities. In the above scenario cost provided as per square foot of living
area is an example of Parametric estimating.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Cost Management – Estimate Cost
Incorrect
Answer – D
Explanation – Parametric estimating is quantitative based estimation type such as number of
installations per day where cost is estimated quantitatively. Estimation depending on past data of similar
types is analogous estimation. Three point estimation uses optimistic, most likely and worst scenario.
Bottom up is based on detailed activities. In the above scenario cost provided as per square foot of living
area is an example of Parametric estimating.
Question 32 of 100
32. Question
As the project manager you have been asked to calculate the internal rate of return (IRR) of a project?
What do you calculate to find out IRR or what represents IRR?
1. The discount rate or inherent investment yield rate produced by the project's deliverables over a
pre-defined period of time.
2. The time period needed to pay back the investment from a project.
3. Percentage of the original investment over a specified time period from the project’s deliverables.
4. None of the above
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – Internal rate of return (IRR) is one of the financial techniques used for financial decisions
affecting the project. IRR can be used for project selection as well. Internal rate of return (IRR) is an
average rate of return of all the cash flows over time resulting from a project. Or in other words
Investment yield rate earned or produced by the project’s deliverables over a period of time.
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – Internal rate of return (IRR) is one of the financial techniques used for financial decisions
affecting the project. IRR can be used for project selection as well. Internal rate of return (IRR) is an
average rate of return of all the cash flows over time resulting from a project. Or in other words
Investment yield rate earned or produced by the project’s deliverables over a period of time.
Question 33 of 100
33. Question
You are the project manager of the project which is in planning phase. You are done with scope, time,
cost, human resource and quality planning and now working at risk response planning. In the process
you realize that there is a very critical risk which may have a high cost impact on the project completion.
So, you create a fallback plan, which of the following looks LEAST appropriate for fallback plan?
1. Developing Alternative options
2. Look for some outside vendor to subcontracting the project
3. Allocate contingency reserves
4. Change in project scope
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – Fallback plan is reaction to the risk that has occurred and if contingency plan is failed or
not effective enough. Developing alternative options, or to have contingency reserves or look for any
change in scope can be part of fall back plan. But subcontracting project to outside vendor is risk
transfer strategy, including this as a fallback plan looks least appropriate
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Risk Management – Plan Risk Response
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – Fallback plan is reaction to the risk that has occurred and if contingency plan is failed or
not effective enough. Developing alternative options, or to have contingency reserves or look for any
change in scope can be part of fall back plan. But subcontracting project to outside vendor is risk
transfer strategy, including this as a fallback plan looks least appropriate
Question 34 of 100
34. Question
You are attending training on project management and the trainer had just started defining WBS. You
are also a relatively new project manager and trying to learn about WBS. In the training break, you and
other team members started discussing about what they have understood about WBS.
Sam says that ‘WBS contains work packages that are described in a linear, unstructured list’.
Joe says ‘Each item in the WBS represents a feature in the product scope’ and
As per Lena ‘The WBS represents all of the work that must be done on the project’.
Julie says that ‘WBS is created by the product sponsor and stakeholders’. Who defines WBS in most
correct form?
1. Sam
2. Joe
3. Lena
4. Julie
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – Lena’s description about WBS (Option C) is the most correct as the work breakdown
structure is all about breaking down the work that the project team needs to do. The WBS is graphical
and hierarchical, not linear and unstructured as said by Sam. WBS can be made in form of feature
breakdown structure but they are usually not limited to product scope they do include the project
scope,. WBS is created by project manager and the project teams not the sponsor and stakeholders, so
that makes Julie wrong.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Scope Management – Create WBS
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – Lena’s description about WBS (Option C) is the most correct as the work breakdown
structure is all about breaking down the work that the project team needs to do. The WBS is graphical
and hierarchical, not linear and unstructured as said by Sam. WBS can be made in form of feature
breakdown structure but they are usually not limited to product scope they do include the project
scope,. WBS is created by project manager and the project teams not the sponsor and stakeholders, so
that makes Julie wrong.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Scope Management – Create WBS
Question 35 of 100
35. Question
You are creating your authorized Cost Baseline of your project. What process are you in?
1. Determine Budget
2. Control costs
3. Estimate costs
4. Cost Baseline
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – This is a typical question on ITTO. Many processes uses Cost baseline, but it is main output
of Determine Budget. Cost Baseline is not a process at all, so you should exclude that from the choices
right away. The main output of Determine Budget is the Cost Baseline and supporting details, so that’s
the right choice here.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Cost Management – Determine Budget
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – This is a typical question on ITTO. Many processes uses Cost baseline, but it is main output
of Determine Budget. Cost Baseline is not a process at all, so you should exclude that from the choices
right away. The main output of Determine Budget is the Cost Baseline and supporting details, so that’s
the right choice here.
Question 36 of 100
36. Question
What is the typical thing that critical chain project management deals with?
1. Management of buffers
2. Management of total floats and free floats
3. Management of leads and lags
4. Management of resource over-allocations
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – Critical chain method is a schedule network analysis technique that modifies the
Project schedule to account for limited resources – Resource constrained situations. It supports
optimum use of Buffer i.e. amount of time added to any task to prevent slippage of schedule.
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – Critical chain method is a schedule network analysis technique that modifies the
Project schedule to account for limited resources – Resource constrained situations. It supports
optimum use of Buffer i.e. amount of time added to any task to prevent slippage of schedule.
Question 37 of 100
37. Question
You are the project manager and working on a critical project that has strict deadline and no one can
afford any schedule delay in completion. You are working on reducing the schedule duration of your
project and decide to implement crashing for schedule reduction. Out of the following options can BEST
describe your approach for implementing crashing?
1. Reallocation of existing resources or assigning additional resources to the project.
2. Try to overlap activities which were originally planned to be done in sequence.
3. Reduce development work by reducing the number of features
4. Apply pressure to the staff and reduce duration estimates for activities.
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – This question is asking for definition of crashing. Crashing works by adding more resources
for faster completion of a project. Crashing used to shorten the schedule duration for the least
incremental cost by adding resources.
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – This question is asking for definition of crashing. Crashing works by adding more resources
for faster completion of a project. Crashing used to shorten the schedule duration for the least
incremental cost by adding resources.
Question 38 of 100
38. Question
Sam is the project manager and plans to involve his team for risk identification session. During the
session Sam and his team have identified 130 risks. Sam realizes that 130 is quite big number and to
evaluate each of these risks can cost enormous amount of his time as well as team’s time. And the effort
may not be worth enough as not all of these risks are relevant and important. What Sam should do
next?
1. Identify risk triggers where possible. Analyze only those risks quantitatively for which no trigger
could be found.
2. Use qualitative risk analysis in order to prioritize risks for further action by doing risk probability
and impact assessment.
3. Evaluate risk analysis in order to prioritize risks for further action, such as quantitative risk
analysis.
4. Evaluate potential impact of each risk qualitatively and further analyze only those risks with high
impact.
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – Option B is the correct answer as after identification of risks they need to be prioritized
which is done under qualitative analysis of risks. After qualitative analysis the project manager can focus
on high priority risks depending on their probability of occurrence and impact. Option A – Identification
of triggers only would not help as to select what risks need to be addressed and worth considering.
Option C is not correct as prioritization is done in risk qualitative analysis. Option D is partially correct as
along with impact, relative probability is also required to prioritize risks.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Risk Management – Identify Risks
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – Option B is the correct answer as after identification of risks they need to be prioritized
which is done under qualitative analysis of risks. After qualitative analysis the project manager can focus
on high priority risks depending on their probability of occurrence and impact. Option A – Identification
of triggers only would not help as to select what risks need to be addressed and worth considering.
Option C is not correct as prioritization is done in risk qualitative analysis. Option D is partially correct as
along with impact, relative probability is also required to prioritize risks.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Risk Management – Identify Risks
Question 39 of 100
39. Question
You are just promoted as the Project Manager and trying to learn all about project management. The
project which is assigned to you is in planning process and you are trying to be sure to follow the entire
set of core planning processes as they should be. You have started developing WBS, and realize activity
definition is next. You are slightly confused about the difference between the two. How would the
difference between two can be described?
1. The WBS is focused on deliverables, whereas activity definition is focused on the tasks to create
those deliverables.
2. The WBS is focused on scope definition, and activity definition is focused on planning.
3. Project managers don’t really use the WBS, and it is essentially the same as the activity definition.
4. WBS is focused on the project, whereas activity definition is related to the project management
activities that must take place to ensure the project is well executed.
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – Option A provides the difference between WBS and activity definition i.e. WBS is
deliverable based and activity definition is used to define tasks to create those deliverables. Option B is
incorrect because, although the WBS is part of scope definition, both scope definition and activity
definition are two parts of project planning. Answer C might be the attitude that is encountered
sometimes in the real world, and Answer D describes project control processes, not activity definition.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Scope Management –Create WBS
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – Option A provides the difference between WBS and activity definition i.e. WBS is
deliverable based and activity definition is used to define tasks to create those deliverables. Option B is
incorrect because, although the WBS is part of scope definition, both scope definition and activity
definition are two parts of project planning. Answer C might be the attitude that is encountered
sometimes in the real world, and Answer D describes project control processes, not activity definition.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Scope Management –Create WBS
Question 40 of 100
40. Question
While planning for a critical project delivery, you want to give yourself a few extra hours from budgeted
time for a construction and testing phase to account for problems with unavailability of team resources
for any reasons or delays in delivery. This scenario can be BEST described as ___
1. Padding
2. Risk acceptance
3. Reserve time or contingency
4. Mitigation
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – This is the case of Project manager planning risk response. Providing additional hours as a
contingency is a risk mitigation strategy; therefore, Answer C is the best answer because we are talking
about extra time or reserve time. Answer A is incorrect because padding has no basis and is not
quantified as a risk or other type of estimate and even padding should be discouraged by project
manager. Answer B is incorrect because adding contingency is not acceptance of a risk, it is simply
mitigation. Answer D is near to the correct answer, but not the best answer, although what project
manager is doing is a form of mitigation
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – This is the case of Project manager planning risk response. Providing additional hours as a
contingency is a risk mitigation strategy; therefore, Answer C is the best answer because we are talking
about extra time or reserve time. Answer A is incorrect because padding has no basis and is not
quantified as a risk or other type of estimate and even padding should be discouraged by project
manager. Answer B is incorrect because adding contingency is not acceptance of a risk, it is simply
mitigation. Answer D is near to the correct answer, but not the best answer, although what project
manager is doing is a form of mitigation
Question 41 of 100
41. Question
You want one of your team lead to be trained for project management activities and have asked him to
drive cost estimates for a new module of the project. He is an experienced and expert of the technology
which needs to be used for this module. He is taking each activity, assigning its cost, and then
aggregating it to a final cost estimate. Which type of costing estimation is he using?
1. Top down
2. Bottom up
3. Analogous
4. Parametric
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – The question had provided definition of Bottom up estimation, it is method of estimating
project cost or time by aggregating the estimates of the lower level components, so Option B is correct
answer. Answer A is incorrect because top-down estimating is breaking total cost or time provided into
lower level components i.e. opposite of what bottom-up estimation says. Answer C is incorrect because
the Analogous estimating is based on estimates of previous projects and that is not the case here.
Answer D is incorrect because parametric estimating involves quantitative measures that can be applied
to any scale project.
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – The question had provided definition of Bottom up estimation, it is method of estimating
project cost or time by aggregating the estimates of the lower level components, so Option B is correct
answer. Answer A is incorrect because top-down estimating is breaking total cost or time provided into
lower level components i.e. opposite of what bottom-up estimation says. Answer C is incorrect because
the Analogous estimating is based on estimates of previous projects and that is not the case here.
Answer D is incorrect because parametric estimating involves quantitative measures that can be applied
to any scale project.
Question 42 of 100
42. Question
You are working on a new project as the Project manager for mobile applications which is started with
the objective to provide new easy to use features to the users. You and your team are working on the
analysis that what features will be incorporated into the software. You are consulting with a SME group
as well who can evaluate the features of the project going forward. The SME group along with quality
team has the authority to suggest changes for the software for making it more useable. As a project
manager which document will be impacted most in this scenario?
1. Change Management Plan.
2. Scope Management Plan
3. Do not continue with the project until all of the features are clearly defined in the scope
statement and scope definition.
4. Communication management plan
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – The term ‘Changes’ in the questions can make you think of option A – Change
Management Plan. But here we are talking about scope the software / product’s characteristics i.e the
scope of the project and that makes option B as the best option. Option C is not correct as some project
may need frequent or ongoing scope changes and that can be handled with formal scope management
plan. Option D have no relation with product or software features and thus not a right option.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Scope Management – Define Scope
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – The term ‘Changes’ in the questions can make you think of option A – Change
Management Plan. But here we are talking about scope the software / product’s characteristics i.e the
scope of the project and that makes option B as the best option. Option C is not correct as some project
may need frequent or ongoing scope changes and that can be handled with formal scope management
plan. Option D have no relation with product or software features and thus not a right option.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Scope Management – Define Scope
Question 43 of 100
43. Question
You are a seasoned project manager and managing a project the project manager. In a conference call
your client tells you about some federal changes that need you to meet an earlier deadline for the
project as client cannot perform their business properly without the new product. After conference call
you call for a team meeting and inform them about the early deadline. You tell your team that either
crashing or fast-tracking the schedule can be done. You team members are not sure about these two
ways and asks how these impact the project?
1. Crashing adds risk, while fast-tracking adds cost
2. When you crash a project, it always shortens the total duration of the project
3. Crashing the project adds cost, while fast-tracking adds risk
4. When you fast-track a project, it always shortens the total duration of the project
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – When we think crashing we need to think a case where we are adding more people, the
people who were not part of project planned cost but since we need to do the work fast we add more
resource and it results in increase in cost. Fast Tracking is the case when we overlook the desired
dependencies and start the next activity before finishing of the previous activity… this makes these two
activity parallel (assuming we have resource for doing it) now since we are overlooking the
dependencies it may result in rework and can add more risk to the project.
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – When we think crashing we need to think a case where we are adding more people, the
people who were not part of project planned cost but since we need to do the work fast we add more
resource and it results in increase in cost. Fast Tracking is the case when we overlook the desired
dependencies and start the next activity before finishing of the previous activity… this makes these two
activity parallel (assuming we have resource for doing it) now since we are overlooking the
dependencies it may result in rework and can add more risk to the project.
Question 44 of 100
44. Question
Sam is the project manager and asked his team to come up with estimates of a new module need to be
added in the current software. The team has come up with estimate of 25 weeks and informs you that it
can be shortened by 2 weeks if everything goes good. But because of some dependencies on third party,
project can be delayed by five weeks. How these numbers can help Sam to calculate three-point
estimate for the project.
1. 22.6 weeks
2. 23.5 weeks
3. 25.5 weeks
4. 22.3 weeks
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – PERT three-point estimation formula = (Optimistic Time + 4 x Most Likely Time +
Pessimistic Time) ÷ 6. In this question we need to derive the value for Optimistic and pessimistic time.
Most likely time given as 25 weeks and optimistic can be calculated as 25 – 2 (as team as said, it can be
done 2 weeks earlier in best scenario) = 23. The third party dependencies can delay project by 5 weeks
which gives us pessimistic time = 25 + 3 = 30 weeks. Now we can use PERT to calculate estimate as
(23 weeks + 4 x (25 weeks) + 30 weeks) ÷ 6 = 25.5 weeks
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Time Management – Estimate Activity Duration
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – PERT three-point estimation formula = (Optimistic Time + 4 x Most Likely Time +
Pessimistic Time) ÷ 6. In this question we need to derive the value for Optimistic and pessimistic time.
Most likely time given as 25 weeks and optimistic can be calculated as 25 – 2 (as team as said, it can be
done 2 weeks earlier in best scenario) = 23. The third party dependencies can delay project by 5 weeks
which gives us pessimistic time = 25 + 3 = 30 weeks. Now we can use PERT to calculate estimate as
(23 weeks + 4 x (25 weeks) + 30 weeks) ÷ 6 = 25.5 weeks
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Time Management – Estimate Activity Duration
Question 45 of 100
45. Question
Joe has been assigned as the project manager of a project which is in execution phase as the project
manager who used to manage it left the company. And in the first meeting introduction with the
customer his complaints Joe about the poor visibility of the project as the last manager was keeping
customer informed. In this scenario what Joe should do first thing to resolve the issue?
1. Talk to customer to find out the reasons behind why he feels the project lack visibility.
2. Talk to team members who are part of projects from beginning to know customer’s
communication needs.
3. Go through the communication management plan to know customer communication

requirement and whether they are addressed as documented.
4. Before any other step, Joe should go through project management plan first to understand the
project.
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – The communication management plan contains information about customer
communication requirement along with other information such as what information to be distributed at
what frequency etc. As a project manager Joe has to follow what is committed as per communication
management plan. Option A and B can be followed later on and Option D is not at all relevant in this
scenario.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Communication Management – Plan Communication
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – The communication management plan contains information about customer
communication requirement along with other information such as what information to be distributed at
what frequency etc. As a project manager Joe has to follow what is committed as per communication
management plan. Option A and B can be followed later on and Option D is not at all relevant in this
scenario.
Question 46 of 100
46. Question
Which of the following is NOT input to the Identify Risk process?

1. Lessons learned
2. Stakeholder Register
3. Risk management plan
4. Risk threshold
Correct
Answer: D
Explanation – Risk Threshold means the level of impact or uncertainty of risk that is acceptable to an
organization or may be for a project. Most organizations can accept minimal overruns in schedule or
cost, or minor changes to the scope. For example, a company may have a policy that a risk that increases
the project’s cost by not more than 15% is acceptable, but anything more than 15% is not acceptable or
10% schedule overrun is acceptable but not more than that. Risk Threshold is not input to Identify risk
process but is required for planning risk response.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Risk Management – Identify Risk
Incorrect
Answer: D
Explanation – Risk Threshold means the level of impact or uncertainty of risk that is acceptable to an
organization or may be for a project. Most organizations can accept minimal overruns in schedule or
cost, or minor changes to the scope. For example, a company may have a policy that a risk that increases
the project’s cost by not more than 15% is acceptable, but anything more than 15% is not acceptable or
10% schedule overrun is acceptable but not more than that. Risk Threshold is not input to Identify risk
process but is required for planning risk response.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Risk Management – Identify Risk
Question 47 of 100
47. Question
Sam is looking for 2 Java Programmers for his project which he is managing as project manager. He had
worked with Raymond who is an expert Java programmer in project which is completed year back now.
He has met with Joe who is just out of school and Sam liked his attitude and would like to take him in his
team even if he is lesser effective what he is looking for. Where can Sam, the project manager, find the
information for the availability of Raymond and Joe so that he can put both on the project and get the
work started?
1. Resource pool.
2. Historical information
3. Activity duration estimates

4. The scope statement
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – The characteristic of the resource pool is to keep data about a set of resources available
for assignment to project tasks. Sam can check availability of Raymond and Joe from the resource pool
that makes option A as correct answer. Option B and C are incorrect as they don’t keep any information
about resource availability instead they both provide information on how to plan for resources. Scope
statement does not relate to the problem resource availability.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Time Management – Estimate Activity Resource
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – The characteristic of the resource pool is to keep data about a set of resources available
for assignment to project tasks. Sam can check availability of Raymond and Joe from the resource pool
that makes option A as correct answer. Option B and C are incorrect as they don’t keep any information
about resource availability instead they both provide information on how to plan for resources. Scope
statement does not relate to the problem resource availability.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Time Management – Estimate Activity Resource
Question 48 of 100
48. Question
You and your team are involved in cost estimation of your project which is in planning phase and in the
process of project cost management. Which of the following tools and techniques is NOT applicable for
your project’s cost estimation.
1. Cost Benefit Analysis
2. Reserve Analysis
3. Cost of Quality
4. Vendor Bid Analysis
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – Option B – Reserve analysis is used to determine budget for cost required for contingency
reserves or time reserves / buffers into the project schedule uncertainty. Reserve analysis is required at
the time of cost estimation for the project. Option C – Cost of Quality is total cost invested into
prevention of non-conformance to requirements and avoidance of rework. COQ is also considered at the
time of cost estimation. Option D – Vendor Bid Analysis can also be used as a technique to evaluate the
project cost based on responsive bids from qualified vendors. Option A – Cost Benefit analysis is a
technique for project selection as it is used to calculate the cost to produce the product, service, or
result and then compare it with the cost of the benefits to be received. It is not an input for cost
estimation.
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – Option B – Reserve analysis is used to determine budget for cost required for contingency
reserves or time reserves / buffers into the project schedule uncertainty. Reserve analysis is required at
the time of cost estimation for the project. Option C – Cost of Quality is total cost invested into
prevention of non-conformance to requirements and avoidance of rework. COQ is also considered at the
time of cost estimation. Option D – Vendor Bid Analysis can also be used as a technique to evaluate the
project cost based on responsive bids from qualified vendors. Option A – Cost Benefit analysis is a
technique for project selection as it is used to calculate the cost to produce the product, service, or
result and then compare it with the cost of the benefits to be received. It is not an input for cost
estimation.
Question 49 of 100
49. Question
Out of all the following listed contract types, which has got the highest risk for the seller?
1. Cost Reimbursement
2. Time and materials
3. Fixed Price
4. All contract types have similar risk for the seller
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – Option C – In case of fixed price unexpected costs to the seller or service provider could be
bigger than the contract itself and this fact make it as highest risk for the seller. A fixed price contract
only makes sense in cases where the scope is very well known and if there are any changes to the
amount of work to be done, the seller doesn’t get paid any more to do it. Option A – Cost
reimbursement is the kind of contract where seller charges for the cost of doing work and in addition
some fee or rate, as here the work can accommodate the changes in scope it is lesser risker than fixed
price. Option B – Time and material is kind of contract where the buyer pays a rate for the time spent
working on the project and also pays for all of the materials used to do the work making it comfortable
for the seller to work.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Procurement Management – Plan Procurement Management
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – Option C – In case of fixed price unexpected costs to the seller or service provider could be
bigger than the contract itself and this fact make it as highest risk for the seller. A fixed price contract
only makes sense in cases where the scope is very well known and if there are any changes to the
amount of work to be done, the seller doesn’t get paid any more to do it. Option A – Cost
reimbursement is the kind of contract where seller charges for the cost of doing work and in addition
some fee or rate, as here the work can accommodate the changes in scope it is lesser risker than fixed
price. Option B – Time and material is kind of contract where the buyer pays a rate for the time spent
working on the project and also pays for all of the materials used to do the work making it comfortable
for the seller to work.
Question 50 of 100
50. Question
You are considering hiring service of some vendors regarding a utility development in your project. You
have started with Plan procurement process, as a seasoned project manager in your opinion which of
the following statements is true regarding the procurement management plan?
1. The procurement management plan defines the statement of work which contains the details of
the procurement item/ service in specific terms
2. The procurement management plan explains how multiples vendors should be managed
3. The procurement management plan is an output of the plan Contracting process
4. None of the statements are true
Correct
Answer: B
Explanation – The procurement management plan focuses on dealing with vendors outside of your
company. It provide guidelines regarding how to manage multiple vendors, what procurement
documents required, types of contracts and how the procurement process will be managed from
developing procurement documents through contract closure.
Incorrect
Answer: B
Explanation – The procurement management plan focuses on dealing with vendors outside of your
company. It provide guidelines regarding how to manage multiple vendors, what procurement
documents required, types of contracts and how the procurement process will be managed from
developing procurement documents through contract closure.
Question 51 of 100
51. Question
You have started with a new project as the project manager which has 10 stakeholders and 15 team
members. Moving forward two stakeholders and three team members are also added. How many more
communication channels will this add to the project?
1. 60
2. 145
3. 255
4. 140
Correct
The communication channels with 1 Project manager ,10 stakeholders and 15 team members as per
formula n(n-1) / 2 are 325
calculated as 26 (26-1) / 2 = 325
After addition of 5 more people that new communication channels are 31 (31 -1) / 2 = 465
New communication channels are 465 – 325 = 140, so D is the answer
Incorrect
The communication channels with 1 Project manager ,10 stakeholders and 15 team members as per
formula n(n-1) / 2 are 325
calculated as 26 (26-1) / 2 = 325
After addition of 5 more people that new communication channels are 31 (31 -1) / 2 = 465
New communication channels are 465 – 325 = 140, so D is the answer
Question 52 of 100
52. Question
As a project manager, you have assigned communication distribution task to your team lead Ray as you
are preparing him for the better roles now. You have told him to send project’s weekly status report to
all stakeholders via email after reviewing the reports. What kind of communication delivery model you
are suggesting to Ray for information distribution?
1. Interactive communication
2. Pull Communication
3. Push Communication
4. Paralingual communications
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – Option C – Push Communication – Emails, letters, memos, faxes, voice mails, blogs, press
release are Push kind of communication methods. So the status report via email is Push communication
method. Option A – Interactive communications includes meetings, phone calls and video conferencing
etc which involves multidirectional exchange of information among parties involved. Option B – Pull
Communication is the kind of information for very large number of audience and can be accessed on
receiver’s discretion. E-learning sites, lessons learned and knowledge repositories are examples of pull
communication. Option D is not any type of communication model; it is the tone and pitch of your voice
when you’re talking to people around.

Management
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – Option C – Push Communication – Emails, letters, memos, faxes, voice mails, blogs, press
release are Push kind of communication methods. So the status report via email is Push communication
method. Option A – Interactive communications includes meetings, phone calls and video conferencing
etc which involves multidirectional exchange of information among parties involved. Option B – Pull
Communication is the kind of information for very large number of audience and can be accessed on
receiver’s discretion. E-learning sites, lessons learned and knowledge repositories are examples of pull
communication. Option D is not any type of communication model; it is the tone and pitch of your voice
when you’re talking to people around.

Management
Question 53 of 100
53. Question
Sam has given commitment to the client that project will be completed on day 30. The project has 10
activities and 15 resources are assigned to it. The critical path has duration 25 days and 12 activities.
What is the project slack?
1. 5 Days
2. 0 Days
3. 3 Days
4. 6 Days
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – Correct answer is Option A – 5 days – Project Slack or project float is how much float the
entire project has before it misses its due day, which in this case is Day 30. Since the project can be
completed in 25 days (as per critical path) and is due to the customer on day 30, there are 5 days of
project float ( 30 – 25 ), so the answer is 5 days
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Scope Management – Develop Schedule
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – Correct answer is Option A – 5 days – Project Slack or project float is how much float the
entire project has before it misses its due day, which in this case is Day 30. Since the project can be
completed in 25 days (as per critical path) and is due to the customer on day 30, there are 5 days of
project float ( 30 – 25 ), so the answer is 5 days
Question 54 of 100
54. Question
Ray is assigned as the project manager of a new project which is in early stage. Higher management
wants to have some rough estimate about cost and duration of the project. As the project is in early
stage, Ray doesn’t have optimistic, most likely and pessimistic points with him, only upper and lower
limits are available. For these kinds of situations, which statistical distribution can Ray use for the
estimations?
1. Beta Distribution
2. Uniform Distribution
3. Normal Distribution
4. Triangular Distribution
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – Uniform distribution can be used in the cases where no value for most likely is provided
apart from high and lower bounds. Option A – Beta distributions are useful because they are defined
between a minimum and maximum value, many different shapes are available depending on the
parameters chosen, and the distribution has a well-defined mode (most likely point). The distribution
has four parameters, alpha, and beta, minimum and maximum which are not available with Ray, the
project manager. Option C- For the Normal distribution only two parameters are necessary, the mean
and standard deviation. Option – D -The triangular distribution use estimates based on the three point
estimates (optimistic, most likely and pessimistic points) which are not available in this scenario.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Risk Management – Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – Uniform distribution can be used in the cases where no value for most likely is provided
apart from high and lower bounds. Option A – Beta distributions are useful because they are defined
between a minimum and maximum value, many different shapes are available depending on the
parameters chosen, and the distribution has a well-defined mode (most likely point). The distribution
has four parameters, alpha, and beta, minimum and maximum which are not available with Ray, the
project manager. Option C- For the Normal distribution only two parameters are necessary, the mean
and standard deviation. Option – D -The triangular distribution use estimates based on the three point
estimates (optimistic, most likely and pessimistic points) which are not available in this scenario.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Risk Management – Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis
Question 55 of 100
55. Question
Julia is managing an enhancement project, where few new modules need to be developed. She needs to
buy some expensive tool for the development. The risk she is facing that her team may need few more
licenses for that tool for at time completion of the project then approved. These extra licenses, if
required can fluctuate total cost of the project by 8 % up or down. She has created tornado diagram to
represent the fluctuation which can affect following phases of the project. What qualitative technique
she is using in this scenario?
1. Monte Carlo
2. Decision Tree Analysis
3. Sensitivity Analysis
4. Probability distribution
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – Sensitivity analysis helps in finding which risks can have most impact on the project and
Tornado diagram is the most common way of representing sensitivity analysis. Option A – Monte Carlo is
a simulation technique to see what could happen on the project if risks do occur. Option B – Decision
tree analysis is a way to do EVM (Expected Monetary Value) analysis which is used to calculate the
average outcomes when the future scenarios may or may not happen or we can say analysis for what
will happen under uncertainties. Option D – Probability distribution represent uncertainties in values of
variables such as cost, schedule and duration.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Risk Management – Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – Sensitivity analysis helps in finding which risks can have most impact on the project and
Tornado diagram is the most common way of representing sensitivity analysis. Option A – Monte Carlo is
a simulation technique to see what could happen on the project if risks do occur. Option B – Decision
tree analysis is a way to do EVM (Expected Monetary Value) analysis which is used to calculate the
average outcomes when the future scenarios may or may not happen or we can say analysis for what
will happen under uncertainties. Option D – Probability distribution represent uncertainties in values of
variables such as cost, schedule and duration.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Risk Management – Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis
Question 56 of 100
56. Question
Recession has hit everybody including your customer. You are working on a project as project manager
and its CPI is 1.01. Your customer informs you about the cash flow availability limitations. You have
started doing funding limit reconciliation and it may impact ….
1. Project Risks
2. Cost baseline
3. Scope baseline
4. Project Schedule
Correct
Answer – D
Explanation – Funding limit reconciliation may result in rescheduling of schedule to level out rate of
expenditure which can be done by imposing date constraints for work into the project schedule. Funding
limit reconciliation is the act of comparing and adjusting the funding limits and the estimated costs by
refining the scope, rescheduling the activities and so on. It is a tool used to determine budget.
Incorrect
Answer – D
Explanation – Funding limit reconciliation may result in rescheduling of schedule to level out rate of
expenditure which can be done by imposing date constraints for work into the project schedule. Funding
limit reconciliation is the act of comparing and adjusting the funding limits and the estimated costs by
refining the scope, rescheduling the activities and so on. It is a tool used to determine budget.

Question 57 of 100
57. Question
Which of the following options provided is the statistical method used during Plan Quality Management
process for identification of factors that influence variables of a product or process under development
or in production and may be used to determine the number and types of tests and their impact on cost
of quality ?
1. Benchmarking
2. Design of Experiments
3. Statistical sampling
4. Pareto Diagrams
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – Design of experiments is where you apply the scientific method to create a set of tests for
your project’s deliverables. It’s a statistical method, which means you use statistics to analyze the results
of your experiments to determine how your deliverables best meet the requirements. A lot of quality
managers use this technique to produce a list of tests that they’ll run on the deliverables, so they have
data to analyze later. Option A – Benchmarking involves comparing actual and planned project practices
to those of comparable projects to identify best practices, generate ideas for improvement and provide
basis for measuring performance. Option C – Statistical sampling is another tool used for quality
management planning where representative sample of something is used to make decision. Option D –
Pareto Diagrams are used to identify the vital few sources which are responsible for most of the
problems and used extensively in defect management of the project.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Quality Management – Plan Quality Management
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – Design of experiments is where you apply the scientific method to create a set of tests for
your project’s deliverables. It’s a statistical method, which means you use statistics to analyze the results
of your experiments to determine how your deliverables best meet the requirements. A lot of quality
managers use this technique to produce a list of tests that they’ll run on the deliverables, so they have
data to analyze later. Option A – Benchmarking involves comparing actual and planned project practices
to those of comparable projects to identify best practices, generate ideas for improvement and provide
basis for measuring performance. Option C – Statistical sampling is another tool used for quality
management planning where representative sample of something is used to make decision. Option D –
Pareto Diagrams are used to identify the vital few sources which are responsible for most of the
problems and used extensively in defect management of the project.
Tags – Planning Process Group – Project Quality Management – Plan Quality Management
Question 58 of 100
58. Question
The project that you are managing as 4 tasks, details of which are:
A. Task A starts at the beginning of the project and has a duration of 5 days
B. Task B starts after the completion of task A and has a duration of 3 days
C. Task C starts after the completion of task A and has a duration of 7 days
D. Task D starts after the completion of both tasks B and C and has a duration of 4 days
What is the critical path on your project?
1. 8 days
2. 13 days
3. 16 days
4. 12 days
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation –
Critical path is the longest duration path in the network diagram but the shortest possible time to
complete the project. From the network diagram calculate duration of each path and the longest
duration is critical path. After drawing network diagram from the information provided, A-C-D has come
out as critical path, and duration as 5+7+4 = 16 days, so C is the correct answer.
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation –
Critical path is the longest duration path in the network diagram but the shortest possible time to
complete the project. From the network diagram calculate duration of each path and the longest
duration is critical path. After drawing network diagram from the information provided, A-C-D has come
out as critical path, and duration as 5+7+4 = 16 days, so C is the correct answer.
Question 59 of 100
59. Question
A project has just begun when one of the stakeholders asks the project manager about making a change
to the format of the deliverable for activity Y. She wants to know how to go about submitting the change
for review. The project manager should be directed to:
1. The change control board

2. The communications management plan
3. The sponsor
4. The change control system
Correct
Answer – D
Explanation –Change control board is group of stakeholders which review, evaluate, approve, accept or
reject changes. And Communications management plan is the document which contains information
about how communications should be made, who is responsible for providing certain communication
and what will be the mode. Sponsor is the group or a person who provided financial resources to the
project. The change control system should already have methods of making changes described that can
provide directions to the project manager how to make changes in the format of deliverables.
Tags – Monitoring and Control Process Group – Project Integration Management – Perform Integrated
Change Control
Incorrect
Answer – D
Explanation –Change control board is group of stakeholders which review, evaluate, approve, accept or
reject changes. And Communications management plan is the document which contains information
about how communications should be made, who is responsible for providing certain communication
and what will be the mode. Sponsor is the group or a person who provided financial resources to the
project. The change control system should already have methods of making changes described that can
provide directions to the project manager how to make changes in the format of deliverables.
Change Control
Question 60 of 100
60. Question
A stakeholder wants to make a change to the work breakdown structure that does NOT affect the time
or cost of the project. What is the BEST thing to do?
1. Tell the stakeholder that this change cannot be done without revising the project management
plan
2. Make the change
3. Meet with management
4. Look for other impacts on the project
Correct
Answer – D
Explanation – Even though it may not directly affect the time or cost to the project you need to look at
all the impacts of a change on other components of the triple constraint (scope, time and quality). The
change may increase risk or reduce quality etc.
Change Control
Incorrect
Answer – D
Explanation – Even though it may not directly affect the time or cost to the project you need to look at
all the impacts of a change on other components of the triple constraint (scope, time and quality). The
change may increase risk or reduce quality etc.
Change Control
Question 61 of 100
61. Question
You are managing two projects from a single Business Unit and happy over the success of both the
projects as both projects are regarding as strategically beneficial and have been finishes by over 85%.
The project sponsor requested earned value data on these two concurrent projects from you and these
both projects are equally important for the sponsor. You provide the following information to the
sponsor:
Project A:
PV: $1,900,000
EV: $2,400,000
AC: $2,100,000
Project B:
PV: $2,100,000
EV: $1,600,000
AC: $1,700,000
After reviewing the data provided to him, the sponsor considers to shift some resources from project A
to project B to speed up the second project which is currently behind schedule.
What is the most likely outcome of such a measure?
1. To increase cost efficiency - Changing team assignments during late course of a project typically
increases cost efficiency.
2. To increase time efficiency - Changing team assignments during late course of a project typically
increases time efficiency.
3. According to the law of diminishing returns, the consolidated cost variance of the two projects
will decrease.
4. According to the law of diminishing returns, the consolidated cost variance of the two projects
will increase.
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – PV – Planned value , EV – Earned value and AC – Actual cost , these parameters can
provide the cost variance of the projects (CV = EV- AC). Cost Variance is very important factor to
measure project performance by giving information that is how much over or under budget the project
is. Cost Variance for Project A = $2,400,000 – $2,100,000 = $200,000 and CV for project B = $1,600,000 –
$1,700,000 = -$100,000. Positive CV means project is under budget and negative value of CV project is
over budget. So by shifting resources from Project A to B the consolidated cost variance of both the
projects will decrease and help project B to be on the right track and right schedule.
Tags – Monitoring and Control Process Group – Project Cost Management – Control Costs
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – PV – Planned value , EV – Earned value and AC – Actual cost , these parameters can
provide the cost variance of the projects (CV = EV- AC). Cost Variance is very important factor to
measure project performance by giving information that is how much over or under budget the project
is. Cost Variance for Project A = $2,400,000 – $2,100,000 = $200,000 and CV for project B = $1,600,000 –
$1,700,000 = -$100,000. Positive CV means project is under budget and negative value of CV project is
over budget. So by shifting resources from Project A to B the consolidated cost variance of both the
projects will decrease and help project B to be on the right track and right schedule.
Question 62 of 100
62. Question
You are working on large development project and total budget provided to you is $1,200,000. As the
project progresses, you can foresee that it is not going to come under budget. You have already spent
$790,000 of the budget so far and have completed 60% of the work. You think that CPI cannot be
improved above 1.07. Which of the following BEST describes the current state of the project?
1. The project is likely to come in under budget
2. The project is likely to exceed its budget
3. The project right on target
4. There is no way to determine this information

Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – This is a question where you need to calculate TCPI. TCPI is measure of the cost
performance with remaining resources in order to meet a specific management goal.
Formula for TCPI calculation is TCPI = (BAC-EV)/(BAC-AC)
BAC = $1,200,000
EV = BAC x Actual % Complete i.e. EV = $1,200,000 x 60% = $ 720,000
AC = 790,000
TCPI = ($1,200,000 – $720,000)/ ($1,200,000 – $790,000) = 480,000/410,000 = 1.17
This makes it clear that you need TCPI (To-complete Cost Performance Index) of 1.17, but you cannot
get better than 1.07. So it can be seen that you will blow the budget or can be said that exceed the
budget.
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – This is a question where you need to calculate TCPI. TCPI is measure of the cost
performance with remaining resources in order to meet a specific management goal.
Formula for TCPI calculation is TCPI = (BAC-EV)/(BAC-AC)
BAC = $1,200,000
EV = BAC x Actual % Complete i.e. EV = $1,200,000 x 60% = $ 720,000
AC = 790,000
TCPI = ($1,200,000 – $720,000)/ ($1,200,000 – $790,000) = 480,000/410,000 = 1.17
This makes it clear that you need TCPI (To-complete Cost Performance Index) of 1.17, but you cannot
get better than 1.07. So it can be seen that you will blow the budget or can be said that exceed the
budget.
Question 63 of 100
63. Question
Ray is a project manager managing the development project. The project has completed phase 1 and is
moving into the next phase of the project. Which out of the following is the process which Ray has to
follow to ensure that the project requirements have been met in phase 1 and the project can move to
the next phase?
1. Control Procurements
2. Validate Scope

4. Close Procurements
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – Option A – Control procurement is related with managing procurement relationships,
monitoring / administrate procurement performance etc. but not related with scope verification of a
phase. Option D – Close procurements is done after completion of procurement, not phase. Option C-
Perform Quality Assurance is the process of auditing the quality requirements and the results from
quality control measurements to ensure appropriate quality standards, and not limited to requirements.
Option B – Validate Scope is the process completed at the end of each phase, and that of each project to
confirm that the project has met the requirements. It leads to a formal acceptance of the project
deliverable. The difference between Validate scope and control quality is – Validate scope is concerned
about acceptability of deliverables and control scope is more about correctness of the deliverables.
Tags – Monitoring and Control Process Group – Project Scope Management – Validate Scope
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – Option A – Control procurement is related with managing procurement relationships,
monitoring / administrate procurement performance etc. but not related with scope verification of a
phase. Option D – Close procurements is done after completion of procurement, not phase. Option C-
Perform Quality Assurance is the process of auditing the quality requirements and the results from
quality control measurements to ensure appropriate quality standards, and not limited to requirements.
Option B – Validate Scope is the process completed at the end of each phase, and that of each project to
confirm that the project has met the requirements. It leads to a formal acceptance of the project
deliverable. The difference between Validate scope and control quality is – Validate scope is concerned
about acceptability of deliverables and control scope is more about correctness of the deliverables.
Tags – Monitoring and Control Process Group – Project Scope Management – Validate Scope
Question 64 of 100
64. Question
A project is estimated to cost $ 70,000 with a timeline of 60 days. After 30 days, the project manager
finds that 50% of the project is complete and Actual costs are $ 50,000. Calculate the Cost Performance
Index (CPI)?
1. CPI = 1
2. CPI = 0.8
3. CPI = 0.6
4. CPI = 0.7
Correct
Answer – D
Explanation – The correct answer is 0.7
Cost Performance Index (CPI) is measure of cost efficiency of budgeted resources. It is expressed as ratio
of earned value to actual cost i.e. CPI = EV/AC where EV is the Earned Value and AC is the Actual Cost.
Earned Value = 50% of $ 70,000 = $ 35,000 since 50% of the project is complete.
Actual Cost provided is $50,000
Hence CPI = 35,000 / 50,000 = 0.7
A value less than 1 of CPI indicates cost overruns in the projects which is quite apparent also in the
current scenario.
Incorrect
Answer – D
Explanation – The correct answer is 0.7
Cost Performance Index (CPI) is measure of cost efficiency of budgeted resources. It is expressed as ratio
of earned value to actual cost i.e. CPI = EV/AC where EV is the Earned Value and AC is the Actual Cost.
Earned Value = 50% of $ 70,000 = $ 35,000 since 50% of the project is complete.
Actual Cost provided is $50,000
Hence CPI = 35,000 / 50,000 = 0.7
A value less than 1 of CPI indicates cost overruns in the projects which is quite apparent also in the
current scenario.
Question 65 of 100
65. Question
Sam is managing a project which has TCPI of 1.20. What can be interpreted from it and what is the BEST
course of action?
1. Project is under budget and you can manage costs with BAC
2. Manage costs aggressively as you are over budget.
3. Create a new budget and get it approved.
4. None of the above
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – The To-Complete Performance Index (TCPI) is the estimate of cost performance required
by the project to meet the project’s budget goal. TCPI indicates that whether project if under budget
that means case you have to complete the project within the approved budget or project is over budget.
If TCPI < 1, means you are under budget and need not to do anything. If TCPI = 1, that indicates continue
with same performance to complete project work. If TCPI > 1 , it is the sign that you have to perform
with better cost performance that the work that has been completed. In the question TCPI is given as
1.20 that means you need to achieve your goals with better cost performance.
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – The To-Complete Performance Index (TCPI) is the estimate of cost performance required
by the project to meet the project’s budget goal. TCPI indicates that whether project if under budget
that means case you have to complete the project within the approved budget or project is over budget.
If TCPI < 1, means you are under budget and need not to do anything. If TCPI = 1, that indicates continue
with same performance to complete project work. If TCPI > 1 , it is the sign that you have to perform
with better cost performance that the work that has been completed. In the question TCPI is given as
1.20 that means you need to achieve your goals with better cost performance.
Question 66 of 100
66. Question
Ruby’s project metrics says that her project has for SPI of .83 and CPI of 1.3. How cans Ruby’s Project
status BEST described?
1. Project is ahead of schedule and under budget
2. Project is behind schedule and over budget
3. Project is behind schedule and under budget
4. Project is ahead of schedule and over budget
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – SPI is Schedule Performance Index which indicates the efficiency of the time utilized on
the project. If SPI is above 1 – it indicates efficient utilization of time allocated to the project and SPI
lower than 1 shows team is not utilizing time allocated for the project efficiently. The question says SPI
of the project is .83 that means – Project is behind schedule.
CPI is Cost Performance Index showing the efficiency of the utilization of the resources on the project. If
value of CPI is above 1, it indicates good utilization of the resources allocated to the project and lower
than 1 value of CPI shows poor utilization of resources in the project. Question says CPI is 1.3 that means
– Project is doing good and under budget.
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – SPI is Schedule Performance Index which indicates the efficiency of the time utilized on
the project. If SPI is above 1 – it indicates efficient utilization of time allocated to the project and SPI
lower than 1 shows team is not utilizing time allocated for the project efficiently. The question says SPI
of the project is .83 that means – Project is behind schedule.
CPI is Cost Performance Index showing the efficiency of the utilization of the resources on the project. If
value of CPI is above 1, it indicates good utilization of the resources allocated to the project and lower
than 1 value of CPI shows poor utilization of resources in the project. Question says CPI is 1.3 that means
– Project is doing good and under budget.
Question 67 of 100
67. Question
Out of the following control tool which can help you as the project manager to quantify and categorize
defects according to sources?
1. Scatter chart
2. Pareto diagram
3. Histogram
4. Cause and effect diagram
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – A Pareto Diagram helps the management team quantify and categorize defects. Pareto
diagrams/ charts are used to identify the vital few sources that are responsible for causing most of the
critical defects. Option A – Scatter diagrams use two variables, input variable is called an independent
variable and output variable is called a dependent variable. Scatter diagrams display the relationship
between these two elements as points on a graph. Option C – Histogram is bar chart which shows
distribution of variables and cannot be used to quantify and categorize defects. Option D – Cause and
effect diagram is also known as Fishbone diagram. It is used to find the actionable root cause of a
problem.
Tags – Monitoring and Control Process Group – Project Quality Management – Control Quality
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – A Pareto Diagram helps the management team quantify and categorize defects. Pareto
diagrams/ charts are used to identify the vital few sources that are responsible for causing most of the
critical defects. Option A – Scatter diagrams use two variables, input variable is called an independent
variable and output variable is called a dependent variable. Scatter diagrams display the relationship
between these two elements as points on a graph. Option C – Histogram is bar chart which shows
distribution of variables and cannot be used to quantify and categorize defects. Option D – Cause and
effect diagram is also known as Fishbone diagram. It is used to find the actionable root cause of a
problem.
Question 68 of 100
68. Question
You have received a change request from the customer. You have initiated a change control meeting to
discuss the respective changes need to be done in the project. In the change control meeting, change in
scope has been discussed and approved. After the meeting you have to update project documents for
approved scope change. You should now update following documents EXCEPT:
1. Scope Baseline
2. Requirements documentation
3. WBS Dictionary
4. Project charter
Correct
Answer – D
Explanation – Project charter contains high level requirements which need not be changed for any
change request. The other documents – Scope Baseline, Requirements documentation and WBS
dictionary need to be updated for approve change requests.
Scope baseline needs to be changed for from current time forward, no need to change the past data.
Requirement documents related to the changed scope need updates. WBS dictionary will be updated for
the changed deliverables and schedule according to the approved scope changes.
Tags – Monitoring and Control Process Group – Project Scope Management – Control Scope
Incorrect
Answer – D
Explanation – Project charter contains high level requirements which need not be changed for any
change request. The other documents – Scope Baseline, Requirements documentation and WBS
dictionary need to be updated for approve change requests.
Scope baseline needs to be changed for from current time forward, no need to change the past data.
Requirement documents related to the changed scope need updates. WBS dictionary will be updated for
the changed deliverables and schedule according to the approved scope changes.
Tags – Monitoring and Control Process Group – Project Scope Management – Control Scope
Question 69 of 100
69. Question
While categorizing cost incurred in your project in conformance and non-conformance costs, following
costs can be classified under ‘Cost of non Conformance’ EXCEPT:
1. Quality Assurance Costs
2. Warranty costs
3. Costs due to loss of reputation
4. Rework costs
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – Cost of non-conformance includes cost of rework products, components, cost incurred for
non-compliant processes, cost of warranty works and loss of reputation.
On the other hand cost of conformance is cost incurred to ensure quality that includes quality planning,
quality control and quality assurance.
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – Cost of non-conformance includes cost of rework products, components, cost incurred for
non-compliant processes, cost of warranty works and loss of reputation.
On the other hand cost of conformance is cost incurred to ensure quality that includes quality planning,
quality control and quality assurance.
Question 70 of 100
70. Question
A colleague of yours who is also a project manager, is discussing the problems faced by him and his team
during the last project completed. The problems he told you are some of the project work was not done
at the right time and was done in an improper sequence. As a seasoned project manager what do you
think was the likely issue with your colleague’s project?
1. Project scope documents not properly updated.
2. Project communications breakdown.
3. Poor Teamwork shown by the team.
4. The Work Authorization System was not properly established in the project
Correct
Answer – D
Explanation – The Work Authorization System is a subsystem of the overall project management system.
It is a collection of formal documented procedures that defines how work will be authorized to ensure
that work is done by the identified organization at the right time and in the right sequence. It includes
the steps, documents, tracking systems and defined approval levels to issue work authorizations.
The other options could be other contributory factors, but the most likely reason is that the Work
authorization procedure was either not properly established, or not properly followed
Tags – Monitoring and Control Process Group – Project Integration Management – Monitor and Control
Project Work
Incorrect
Answer – D
Explanation – The Work Authorization System is a subsystem of the overall project management system.
It is a collection of formal documented procedures that defines how work will be authorized to ensure
that work is done by the identified organization at the right time and in the right sequence. It includes
the steps, documents, tracking systems and defined approval levels to issue work authorizations.
The other options could be other contributory factors, but the most likely reason is that the Work
authorization procedure was either not properly established, or not properly followed
Project Work
Question 71 of 100
71. Question
The Contract change control system describes the processes needed to make contract changes. Contract
is a legal document and any change in it needs a formal process having agreement of all parties.
Contract change should include:
1. Paperwork, tracking systems, dispute resolution procedures, and approval levels necessary for
authorizing changes
2. Company and Vendor contact information, tracking systems, and approval levels necessary for
authorizing changes
3. Information database, dispute resolution procedures, and approval levels necessary for
authorizing changes
4. Tracking systems, legal process for certain actions, and approval levels necessary for authorizing
changes
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – The Contract change control system is like any other change control systems which
comprise processes and procedures to modify a contract. The contract change control is integrated with
the integrated change control system. It includes the paperwork, tracking systems, dispute resolution
procedures, and approval levels necessary for authorizing changes
Tags – Monitoring and Control Process Group – Project Procurement Management – Control
Procurement
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – The Contract change control system is like any other change control systems which
comprise processes and procedures to modify a contract. The contract change control is integrated with
the integrated change control system. It includes the paperwork, tracking systems, dispute resolution
procedures, and approval levels necessary for authorizing changes
Tags – Monitoring and Control Process Group – Project Procurement Management – Control
Procurement
Question 72 of 100
72. Question
Out of the following options, which BEST describes the situation where you can use Statistical sampling?
1. You need to find out root cause of critical defects of your projects
2. You need to use the Rule of seven on the control chart
3. You need to find out that your project is within budget
4. You need to approve lot of engineering diagrams by randomly reviewing few.
Correct
Answer – D
Explanation – Statistical sampling is used to make decisions about a large number of items without
inspecting every single one of them. Option D is the example for same scenario.
Option A is talking about scenario where causal analysis can be used. For Option C, cost performance
index can be used. Option B – Rule of seven on the control chart states that when there are seven points
on one side of mean then an assignable cause must be found.
Incorrect
Answer – D
Explanation – Statistical sampling is used to make decisions about a large number of items without
inspecting every single one of them. Option D is the example for same scenario.
Option A is talking about scenario where causal analysis can be used. For Option C, cost performance
index can be used. Option B – Rule of seven on the control chart states that when there are seven points
on one side of mean then an assignable cause must be found.
Question 73 of 100
73. Question
Which of the following is NOT true regarding change requests?
1. Change requests should be managed in controlled fashion
2. For every change request, follow change control system define for your project
3. Change requests are sign of bad project planning
4. Change requests can lead to scope creep if not managed through change control process
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – Change requests are not result or sign of bad planning. Change requests can come from
external sources, stakeholder requests, more or enhanced features in any module, emerging
technology, new version of software or database or anything.
Change requests can incorporate corrective or preventive actions and many a times change request
come from defect repairs. Before any change made, it must be approved by Change Control Board and
then managed and controlled by the project manager.
Change Control
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – Change requests are not result or sign of bad planning. Change requests can come from
external sources, stakeholder requests, more or enhanced features in any module, emerging
technology, new version of software or database or anything.
Change requests can incorporate corrective or preventive actions and many a times change request
come from defect repairs. Before any change made, it must be approved by Change Control Board and
then managed and controlled by the project manager.
Change Control
Question 74 of 100
74. Question
Sam is managing a project and it is going as per the schedule. He has got a defect report from his Quality
control group which shows him that a functionality mentioned in Functional specifications is missing
from the software. After analysis with team, it is derived that a major scope change is required which
can increase cost and work. He has got the scope change approved. How does it will impact the Cost
baseline of the project?
1. Cost baseline will be updated and the new baseline will be the used future earned value analysis.
2. Cost baseline cannot be adjusted and the project will exceed its budget.
3. With scope change, cost baseline becomes useless.
4. Approved scope change does not mean cost baseline need to be changed.
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – Cost baseline are changed in response to any approved scope change. The updated
baseline would be used for the calculation of future earned value analysis. Revised cost baseline
provides realistic basis for performance measurement.
Tags – Monitoring and Control Process Group – Project Cost Management – Control Cost
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – Cost baseline are changed in response to any approved scope change. The updated
baseline would be used for the calculation of future earned value analysis. Revised cost baseline
provides realistic basis for performance measurement.
Question 75 of 100
75. Question
You are performing integrated change control in your project. Which of the following will NOT be part of
the process?
1. Document impact analysis for the changes
2. Review and approve change requests
3. Reviewing and approve Baselines
4. Perform Milestone Trend Analysis
Correct
Answer – D
Explanation – Integration change control process is all about reviewing all change requests, approving
changes, and controlling changes to the deliverables, organizational assets, project documents and the
project management plan and communicating its disposition.
Option A, B and C are done under Integrated Change Control process.
Option D – Milestone Trend Analysis is used to visualize the history and prognosis of important
milestones that can help in timely detection of any deadline bottlenecks. It is not part of Integrated
Change Control process.
Change Control
Incorrect
Answer – D
Explanation – Integration change control process is all about reviewing all change requests, approving
changes, and controlling changes to the deliverables, organizational assets, project documents and the
project management plan and communicating its disposition.
Option A, B and C are done under Integrated Change Control process.
Option D – Milestone Trend Analysis is used to visualize the history and prognosis of important
milestones that can help in timely detection of any deadline bottlenecks. It is not part of Integrated
Change Control process.
Change Control
Question 76 of 100
76. Question
Julia is managing a project which is in execution phase. The client is concerned about the amount spent
in the project and thinks that quality is just a way for extra billing. One day she got an email from her
customer asking comparison of the cost of quality on the project with respect to the return of
investment. Which of the following tools will she use to get the information asked:
1. Design of Experiments
2. Benchmarking
3. Cost Benefit Analysis
4. Opportunity cost and sunk cost comparison.
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – Option A – Design of experiments is where you apply the scientific method to create a set
of tests for your project’s deliverables. It’s a statistical method, which means you use statistics to
analyze the results of your experiments to determine how your deliverables best meet the
requirements. A lot of quality managers use this technique to produce a list of tests that they’ll run on
the deliverables, so they have data to analyze later.
Option B – Benchmarking involves comparing actual and planned project practices to those of
comparable projects to identify best practices, generate ideas for improvement and provide basis for
measuring performance.
Option D – Sunk costs are the costs that have already been incurred in the past and cannot be recovered
and Opportunity cost is the cost of any activity measured in terms of the value of the best alternative
option which is not chosen.
Option C – The cost benefit analysis is the technique to compare the cost (including cost of quality)
versus the investment. Cost benefit or benefit cost analysis is a benefit measurement method to
calculate the cost to produce the product, service, or result and then compare it with the cost of the
benefits to be received
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – Option A – Design of experiments is where you apply the scientific method to create a set
of tests for your project’s deliverables. It’s a statistical method, which means you use statistics to
analyze the results of your experiments to determine how your deliverables best meet the
requirements. A lot of quality managers use this technique to produce a list of tests that they’ll run on
the deliverables, so they have data to analyze later.
Option B – Benchmarking involves comparing actual and planned project practices to those of
comparable projects to identify best practices, generate ideas for improvement and provide basis for
measuring performance.
Option D – Sunk costs are the costs that have already been incurred in the past and cannot be recovered
and Opportunity cost is the cost of any activity measured in terms of the value of the best alternative
option which is not chosen.
Option C – The cost benefit analysis is the technique to compare the cost (including cost of quality)
versus the investment. Cost benefit or benefit cost analysis is a benefit measurement method to
calculate the cost to produce the product, service, or result and then compare it with the cost of the
benefits to be received
Question 77 of 100
77. Question
Work Performance reports are an output of which of the following process?
1. Define Scope
2. Perform Integrated Change Control
3. Direct and Manage Project Work
4. Monitor and Control Project Work
Correct
Correct Answers are – D
Explanation – Work performance reports are physical or electronic representation of work performance
information compiled in project documents, intended to generate decisions or raise issues, actions, or
awareness. Few examples are – status reports, memos, justification, information notes, electronic
dashboards, recommendations and updates.
Work Performance Report is an output of Monitor and Control project work. And it is input to many
processes such as Perform Integrated Change Control, Manage Project Team, Manage Communications,
Control Risks and Control Procurements,
Project work
Incorrect
Correct Answers are – D
Explanation – Work performance reports are physical or electronic representation of work performance
information compiled in project documents, intended to generate decisions or raise issues, actions, or
awareness. Few examples are – status reports, memos, justification, information notes, electronic
dashboards, recommendations and updates.
Work Performance Report is an output of Monitor and Control project work. And it is input to many
processes such as Perform Integrated Change Control, Manage Project Team, Manage Communications,
Control Risks and Control Procurements,
Project work
Question 78 of 100
78. Question
Ray is the project manager of a project having budget $18,000 and is expected to last for 12 months. The
work and budget is spread evenly across all 12 months. The current CPI of the project is 0.9. What will
be the Variance at Completion for Ray’s project?
1. -$1,500
2. -$2,000
3. $20,000
4. $19,000
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – Variance at Completion = BAC – EAC (where EAC is Estimate at completion)

EAC = BAC / CPI = $18,000 / .9 = $20,000
Variance at Completion = $18,000 – $20,000 = -$2,000
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – Variance at Completion = BAC – EAC (where EAC is Estimate at completion)

EAC = BAC / CPI = $18,000 / .9 = $20,000
Variance at Completion = $18,000 – $20,000 = -$2,000
Question 79 of 100
79. Question
You are the project manager and working on the process of Monitor and Control Risks. Which of the
following is NOT Tools and Techniques you can use for this process?
1. Risk Audits
2. Variance and Trend Analysis
3. Sensitivity Analysis
4. Reserve Analysis
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – Sensitivity analysis is quantitative analysis technique helps in finding which risks can have
most impact on the project and Tornado diagram is the most common way of representing sensitivity
analysis. It is not used for Monitor and Control risks process.
Option A – Risk audits is the tool to examine and document the effectiveness of risk responses in dealing
with identified risks and their root causes, as well as the effectiveness of risk management system.
Option B – Variance and Trend Analysis is technique for monitor and control risk which can be used to
find variance analysis to compare planned and actual results.
Option D -Reserve Analysis is used to compare the remaining contingency reserve and amount of risk
remaining at any time in the project in order to determine if the remaining reserve is adequate.
Tags – Monitoring and Control Process Group – Project Risk Management – Control Risks
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – Sensitivity analysis is quantitative analysis technique helps in finding which risks can have
most impact on the project and Tornado diagram is the most common way of representing sensitivity
analysis. It is not used for Monitor and Control risks process.
Option A – Risk audits is the tool to examine and document the effectiveness of risk responses in dealing
with identified risks and their root causes, as well as the effectiveness of risk management system.
Option B – Variance and Trend Analysis is technique for monitor and control risk which can be used to
find variance analysis to compare planned and actual results.
Option D -Reserve Analysis is used to compare the remaining contingency reserve and amount of risk
remaining at any time in the project in order to determine if the remaining reserve is adequate.
Tags – Monitoring and Control Process Group – Project Risk Management – Control Risks
Question 80 of 100
80. Question
You are managing a project which is estimated to cost $ 300,000 with a timeline of 10 months. Due to
some reasons schedule was slightly delayed and the net result was that there was some additional cost
in the project. At the end of the third month, you review the project and find that the project is 30%
complete and Actual Costs are $ 50,000. The Estimate to complete (ETC) for the project would now be:
1. $200,000
2. $210,000
3. $230,000
4. $220,000
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation –
ETC – Estimate to complete can be calculated using formula BAC – EV
BAC – Budget at Completion is given as $300,000

Actual Cost given as $ 50,000 (not required in this calculation though)
EV, Earned Value = (3/ 10 ) * 300,000 = $90,000 (as 30% project of the project is complete )
Implementing formula, ETC = $300,000 – $90,000 = $210,000
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation –
ETC – Estimate to complete can be calculated using formula BAC – EV
BAC – Budget at Completion is given as $300,000

Actual Cost given as $ 50,000 (not required in this calculation though)
EV, Earned Value = (3/ 10 ) * 300,000 = $90,000 (as 30% project of the project is complete )
Implementing formula, ETC = $300,000 – $90,000 = $210,000
Question 81 of 100
81. Question
Julia is just assigned as a project manager of a project. She is filled with enthusiasm as this is her first
project as project manager. The project is in design phase and she has asked for suggestions from her
team regarding design approach of a re-usable component that need to be created. Two team members
are working on same approach and having some conflict. They came to her with a disagreement. She
listens to the first team member and decided to go with his idea. She hasn’t listened to what other team
member trying to suggest. Which conflict resolution technique has she used?
1. Compromise
2. Forcing
3. Withdrawing
4. Smoothing
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – Forcing is win-lose situation, here in this case first team member won and second one lost
as he hasn’t even get a chance to put his facts. Pushing one’s viewpoint on the cost of other is forcing.
This is not a good way for conflict resolution.
Option A – compromise is searching for solution that brings some degree of satisfaction to all parties
which is not the case here.
Option C – Withdrawing is postponing the conflict to be better prepared or to be resolved by others.
Option D – Smoothing is minimizing the problem by making conflict appearing less important which not
the case in is given scenario.
Tags – Execution Process Group – Project Human Resource Management – Manage Project Team
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – Forcing is win-lose situation, here in this case first team member won and second one lost
as he hasn’t even get a chance to put his facts. Pushing one’s viewpoint on the cost of other is forcing.
This is not a good way for conflict resolution.
Option A – compromise is searching for solution that brings some degree of satisfaction to all parties
which is not the case here.
Option C – Withdrawing is postponing the conflict to be better prepared or to be resolved by others.
Option D – Smoothing is minimizing the problem by making conflict appearing less important which not
the case in is given scenario.
Question 82 of 100
82. Question
Which of the following method of conflict resolution provide short term solutions which do not work in
long term?
1. Problem Solving
2. Forcing
3. Smoothing
4. Compromise
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – Smoothing is a temporary means of conflict resolution which involves trying to minimize
the severity of conflict. Smoothing does not lead to a permanent solution as it does not focus on the
root cause of the problem or its solution.
Option A – problem solving provides long term solution as in this approach all involved keep theirn
viewpoints and solve the problem with consensus and commitment. It provides long term resolution to
the conflict or problem. It is one of the best ways for conflict resolution
Option B – Forcing is winning-lose situation. Pushing one’s viewpoint on the cost of other is forcing. This
is not a good way for conflict resolution, but can result in long term solution.
Option D – compromise is searching for solution that brings some degree of satisfaction to all parties
and provides long term resolution to the problem.
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – Smoothing is a temporary means of conflict resolution which involves trying to minimize
the severity of conflict. Smoothing does not lead to a permanent solution as it does not focus on the
root cause of the problem or its solution.
Option A – problem solving provides long term solution as in this approach all involved keep theirn
viewpoints and solve the problem with consensus and commitment. It provides long term resolution to
the conflict or problem. It is one of the best ways for conflict resolution
Option B – Forcing is winning-lose situation. Pushing one’s viewpoint on the cost of other is forcing. This
is not a good way for conflict resolution, but can result in long term solution.
Option D – compromise is searching for solution that brings some degree of satisfaction to all parties
and provides long term resolution to the problem.
Question 83 of 100
83. Question
You are managing a project which needs a specialized task to be done. You know that you have to get
this task done by someone from outside as your company doesn’t have the specialization resources. You
want to choose the best contractor for this specialized tasks and success of your project is much
dependent on it. Out of the following options provided, what should you do to evaluate potential
contractors?
1. Create a lessons learned document
2. Conduct a performance review
3. Evaluate proposals
4. Perform a Make-or-Buy analysis
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – In Conduct procurement process, seller proposals are used as basic input to select one or
more sellers. By evaluation of proposals you can evaluate the prospective sellers and can choose the one
to whom you can give the contract.
Option A – Lessons learnt creation can be done at the time of project or procurement closure and have
no involvement in contractor evaluation.
Option B – Performance review can be done after the contractor starts working on the assignment
Option D – Make or Buy analysis is done to evaluate that whether a particular task can be done by
project team or needs to be purchased from outside sources. It is not the process to evaluate
prospective contractor.
Tags – Execution Process Group – Project Procurement Management – Conduct Procurement
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – In Conduct procurement process, seller proposals are used as basic input to select one or
more sellers. By evaluation of proposals you can evaluate the prospective sellers and can choose the one
to whom you can give the contract.
Option A – Lessons learnt creation can be done at the time of project or procurement closure and have
no involvement in contractor evaluation.
Option B – Performance review can be done after the contractor starts working on the assignment
Option D – Make or Buy analysis is done to evaluate that whether a particular task can be done by
project team or needs to be purchased from outside sources. It is not the process to evaluate
prospective contractor.
Tags – Execution Process Group – Project Procurement Management – Conduct Procurement
Question 84 of 100
84. Question
Your quality assurance team member asked you to create RAM (responsibility assignment matrix) for
your project as it is now a requirement for quality standards at organizational level. Which of the
following information will be part of RAM?
1. Cause and effect
2. Risks and mitigation plans
3. Deliverables and costs
4. Work packages and project team members
Correct
Answer – D
D – A responsibility assignment matrix (RAM) chart is used to illustrate the connections between work
packages and project team members. It represents project resources assigned to each work package. All
other options are not related with RAM.
Incorrect
Answer – D
D – A responsibility assignment matrix (RAM) chart is used to illustrate the connections between work
packages and project team members. It represents project resources assigned to each work package. All
other options are not related with RAM.
Question 85 of 100
85. Question
Your project needs virtual teams in three different countries around the world. You will be managing all
teams as the Project manager. Out of the following options provided which is NOT an obstacle to that
you must overcome to build an effective team?
1. Different time zones
2. Disparate tools and technologies
3. Cultural differences
4. Communication among teams
Correct
Answer – D
Explanation – With so much technology support all around, virtual teams can easily communicate via
various available means such as phone, email, instant messaging, audio / video conferencing, social
media, web based meetings and online collaboration tools etc. Option A, B and C can create some
obstacle in team management in case of virtual teams.
Tags – Execution Process Group – Project Human Resource Management – Acquire Project Team
Incorrect
Answer – D
Explanation – With so much technology support all around, virtual teams can easily communicate via
various available means such as phone, email, instant messaging, audio / video conferencing, social
media, web based meetings and online collaboration tools etc. Option A, B and C can create some
obstacle in team management in case of virtual teams.
Tags – Execution Process Group – Project Human Resource Management – Acquire Project Team
Question 86 of 100
86. Question
Which of the following option relates to Root Cause Analysis?
1. Process Analysis
2. Cost of Quality
3. Quality Audits
4. Quality Control Tools
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – Process analysis is a tool for Quality Assurance, it includes root cause analysis. Root cause
analysis is a special technique which is used to identify a problem, discover the underlying causes that
lead to it, and develop preventive actions. Other options are not related with root cause analysis.
Tags – Execution Process Group – Project Quality Management – Perform Quality Assurance
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – Process analysis is a tool for Quality Assurance, it includes root cause analysis. Root cause
analysis is a special technique which is used to identify a problem, discover the underlying causes that
lead to it, and develop preventive actions. Other options are not related with root cause analysis.
Question 87 of 100
87. Question
Your company has started some initiatives regarding quality reviews to make sure that all projects
should comply with the company’s policies, processes, organizational level metrics and procedures. You
have received an email from senior management regarding this independent review of your project.
During which process would this review occur?
1. Report Performance
2. Perform Quality Control
3. Monitor and Control Risks

Correct
Answer – D
Explanation – The review talked about in questions are Quality audits. Quality Audits are reviews of your
project by your company. They figure out whether or not you are following the company’s process,
procedures and policies.
Option A and B talks more about performance of the project deliverables on the provided parameters,
not about company level policies, processes or procedures.
Option C – talks about Risks which is irrelevant with what has been asked in the question.
Incorrect
Answer – D
Explanation – The review talked about in questions are Quality audits. Quality Audits are reviews of your
project by your company. They figure out whether or not you are following the company’s process,
procedures and policies.
Option A and B talks more about performance of the project deliverables on the provided parameters,
not about company level policies, processes or procedures.
Option C – talks about Risks which is irrelevant with what has been asked in the question.
Question 88 of 100
88. Question
You as the project manager have observed you team members work performances, behavior and
attitude. You are now in the process of giving formal feedback to them along with the expectations and
specific goals for the remainder of the project. Which tool or technique are you using?
1. Project Performance Appraisals
2. Conflict Management
3. Interpersonal Skills
4. Observation and Conversation
Correct
Answer – A
Explanation – Project Performance Appraisals are a technique of the Manage Project Team process. In a
Project Performance Appraisal team members get feedback from project work supervisors. It also
includes clarification regarding roles and responsibilities, constructive feedback to the team members,
discussion on the unresolved or unknown issues and establishment of the future goals and expectations.
Option B – Conflict management is not about providing feedbacks to the team members, it is about
working towards resolving or reducing the amount of conflicts among two people. Option C –
Interpersonal skills are about to use project managers’ technical, personal and conceptual skills to
capitalize on the strength of the team members. Option D – Observation and Conversation are used to
stay in touch with the work and attitudes of the team members.
Incorrect
Answer – A
Explanation – Project Performance Appraisals are a technique of the Manage Project Team process. In a
Project Performance Appraisal team members get feedback from project work supervisors. It also
includes clarification regarding roles and responsibilities, constructive feedback to the team members,
discussion on the unresolved or unknown issues and establishment of the future goals and expectations.
Option B – Conflict management is not about providing feedbacks to the team members, it is about
working towards resolving or reducing the amount of conflicts among two people. Option C –
Interpersonal skills are about to use project managers’ technical, personal and conceptual skills to
capitalize on the strength of the team members. Option D – Observation and Conversation are used to
stay in touch with the work and attitudes of the team members.
Question 89 of 100
89. Question
You are the project manager of a project and realized that you are dealing with too many conflicts
among your team members. You thought to use conflict resolution method to reduce the conflicts and
bring peace among the team members. Out of the following conflict management resolution methods,
which one is NOT recognized by the PMI?
1. Forcing
2. Withdrawal
3. Negotiate
4. Smoothing
Correct
Answer – C
Explanation – The six methods recognized by PMI include Forcing, Smoothing, Compromising,
Confronting, Collaborating and Withdrawing. PMI does not talk about Negotiation as conflict
management technique.
Tags – Execution Process Group – Project Communication Management – Manage Communication
Incorrect
Answer – C
Explanation – The six methods recognized by PMI include Forcing, Smoothing, Compromising,
Confronting, Collaborating and Withdrawing. PMI does not talk about Negotiation as conflict
management technique.
Tags – Execution Process Group – Project Communication Management – Manage Communication
Question 90 of 100
90. Question
As a project manager you are evaluating and analyzing risk register of your project. You want to see
which risk can impact schedule of your project and can cause unwanted delay?
1. Increase in the cost of purchased materials
2. Delays in obtaining approvals which are required for the project
3. Dispute with vendor regarding claims for increased amount
4. Slippage of post implementation review meeting
Correct
Answer – B
Explanation – Option A – Cost increase will not impact the schedule and in the same manner Option C –
Dispute with vendor will not impact the schedule. Option D talks about post implementation meeting, so
it is not going to impact schedule as well. Option B is the only option which can lead to schedule delay
like not getting proper approvals to go ahead with the design document created.
Tags – Execution Process Group – Project Integration Management – Direct and Manage Project Work
Incorrect
Answer – B
Explanation – Option A – Cost increase will not impact the schedule and in the same manner Option C –
Dispute with vendor will not impact the schedule. Option D talks about post implementation meeting, so
it is not going to impact schedule as well. Option B is the only option which can lead to schedule delay
like not getting proper approvals to go ahead with the design document created.
Tags – Execution Process Group – Project Integration Management – Direct and Manage Project Work
Question 91 of 100
91. Question
You are managing a software development project. Your project has been assigned with few
inexperienced resources which are not able to perform their work as per the plan. You don’t have so
much time available to recommend formal training for these team members, as it may delay the project.
Out of the given option, what can be Best done to handle the situation?
1. Escalate to senior management
2. Arrange on job training
3. Get the team members replaced
4. Change the schedule to accommodate inexperience team members
Correct
Option B is the Best thing a project manager can do in the given situation. It will improve skill and
knowledge of the team members and get them prepared for the work as well. On job training help you
to control cost as well.
Incorrect
Option B is the Best thing a project manager can do in the given situation. It will improve skill and
knowledge of the team members and get them prepared for the work as well. On job training help you
to control cost as well.
Question 92 of 100
92. Question
You are part of the company who deals in arranging concert of big international singers. You have been
assigned as a Project manager of series of concert of a singer in your country. You are expecting huge
transactions and increased work load which make you think that it should be subcontracted to a new
contractor. Which of the following quality tool can ensure that all quality standards are met?
1. Inspection
2. Process Analysis
3. Statistical Sampling
4. Quality Audits
Correct
Option D is the correct answer as Quality audit is structured and independent processes to determine if
the project activities are comply with policies, procedures and processes which is what is required here
in the case provided.
Option A – Inspection is used to verify whether an activity, component, product, result or service to
specific requirement.
Option B –Process analysis follows the steps outlined in the process improvement plan to identify
needed improvements.
Option C- Statistical sampling is choosing part of a population of interest for inspection which is not at all
required in the situation provided.
Watch our video on Quality tools –
Incorrect
Option D is the correct answer as Quality audit is structured and independent processes to determine if
the project activities are comply with policies, procedures and processes which is what is required here
in the case provided.
Option A – Inspection is used to verify whether an activity, component, product, result or service to
specific requirement.
Option B –Process analysis follows the steps outlined in the process improvement plan to identify
needed improvements.
Option C- Statistical sampling is choosing part of a population of interest for inspection which is not at all
required in the situation provided.
Watch our video on Quality tools –
Question 93 of 100
93. Question
Ray is the project manager of a maintenance project. He analysed communication skills of all team leads
in the project. He came to conclusion that Joe’s communications skills are better and he has got good
knowledge of the all over project as well. He assigned him as Single Point of Contact for the customer.
This is an example of:
1. Develop Team
2. Reporting Structure
3. Ground Rules
4. Communication Management
Correct
Ray is trying to set the ground rules for Joe. Ground rules establish clear expectations regarding
acceptable behavior by the team members. It helps in decreasing misunderstandings and increased
productivity. These are acceptable standards and responsibilities which improve team work,
effectiveness, work relations and project communications.
Incorrect
Ray is trying to set the ground rules for Joe. Ground rules establish clear expectations regarding
acceptable behavior by the team members. It helps in decreasing misunderstandings and increased
productivity. These are acceptable standards and responsibilities which improve team work,
effectiveness, work relations and project communications.
Question 94 of 100
94. Question
You are the project manager of a quite visible project in your company. You need to subcontract a
complex module and want to use weighted criteria for giving contract to your prospective sellers. Where
you should look for pre-defined weighted criteria for awarding contractor?
1. Proposal Evaluation Techniques
2. Proposal Selection Techniques
3. Qualified seller list
4. Source Selection criteria
Correct
Proposal Evaluation Techniques is the correct answer. On complex procurement, where source selection
will be made based on seller responses to previously defined weighted criteria, a formal evaluation
review process will be defined by the buyer’s procurement policies. It helps in finding that seller’s
proposal is appropriate for the work.
Incorrect
Proposal Evaluation Techniques is the correct answer. On complex procurement, where source selection
will be made based on seller responses to previously defined weighted criteria, a formal evaluation
review process will be defined by the buyer’s procurement policies. It helps in finding that seller’s
proposal is appropriate for the work.
Question 95 of 100
95. Question
You are the project manager of distributed team which is located in different areas across the globe. The
main way of communication is either via chat or emails. Many a times it’s tough for you to get the real
meaning to messages sent to you via these mediums as neither you can hear the tone of voice or see
the facial expressions. This scenario is an example of:
1. Medium
2. Noise
3. Encoding
4. Decoding
Correct
The given scenario is example of Noise, which is any barrier or interference that might compromise
delivery of message.
Option A – Medium is the technology medium including mode of communication. Option C – Encoding is
translation of thoughts and idea into a language by sender. Option D – Decoding is translating message
back by receiver into meaningful idea or thoughts.
Incorrect
The given scenario is example of Noise, which is any barrier or interference that might compromise
delivery of message.
Option A – Medium is the technology medium including mode of communication. Option C – Encoding is
translation of thoughts and idea into a language by sender. Option D – Decoding is translating message
back by receiver into meaningful idea or thoughts.
Question 96 of 100
96. Question
You are going to start with quality assurance in you project. Which of the following tool and technique is
NOT appropriate for this purpose?
1. Pareto charts
2. Statistical Sampling
3. Audits
4. Inspection
Correct
Inspection is tool /technique used for Quality Control. It is used to inspect deliverables for any problem/
defects prior sending them to customer. Quality assurance process implements a set of planned
systematic acts and processes defined within the quality management plan.
Pareto Chart, Statistical Sampling and Audits are tools and techniques which can be used for quality
assurance.
For further details on difference between Quality Control and Quality Assurance, please read our blog
on difference between perorm quality qssurance and control quality processes.
Incorrect
Inspection is tool /technique used for Quality Control. It is used to inspect deliverables for any problem/
defects prior sending them to customer. Quality assurance process implements a set of planned
systematic acts and processes defined within the quality management plan.
Pareto Chart, Statistical Sampling and Audits are tools and techniques which can be used for quality
assurance.
For further details on difference between Quality Control and Quality Assurance, please read our blog
on difference between perorm quality qssurance and control quality processes.
Question 97 of 100
97. Question
You are the project manager of an architectural group of your organization and just undertaken project
to design architecture of a complex software application. You know that your company doesn’t have
certified specialized and skilled resources for this particular job. To start the work you start negotiating
with a consulting company using your interpersonal skills to ensure that you will get the required skilled
people and project can start on time. Based on the above described scenario what process you are
engaged in?
1. Acquire Project Team
2. Develop Project Team
3. Plan Human Resource Management
4. Manage Project Team
Correct
The project management is in Acquire Project team process. In the provided situation, the project
manager is negotiating with vendors to get skilled consultants in sufficient number within the scheduled
time. This process ensures the availability of scarce resources during critical phases of the project. This
effort is done during acquire project team process. Negotiation is one of the tools used for acquiring
project team. Other options B – Develop project team is the process of improving competencies, team
member interactions, overall project environment to enhance project performance.
Option C – Develop Human Resource Plan is the process to document roles and responsibilities, required
skills, reporting structure and staffing management plan. Option D – Manage Project team is all about
tracking team members performances, resolving issues, providing feedback and managing team changes
to optimize project performance.
Incorrect
The project management is in Acquire Project team process. In the provided situation, the project
manager is negotiating with vendors to get skilled consultants in sufficient number within the scheduled
time. This process ensures the availability of scarce resources during critical phases of the project. This
effort is done during acquire project team process. Negotiation is one of the tools used for acquiring
project team. Other options B – Develop project team is the process of improving competencies, team
member interactions, overall project environment to enhance project performance.
Option C – Develop Human Resource Plan is the process to document roles and responsibilities, required
skills, reporting structure and staffing management plan. Option D – Manage Project team is all about
tracking team members performances, resolving issues, providing feedback and managing team changes
to optimize project performance.
Question 98 of 100
98. Question
You are managing a construction project and looking for prospective sellers for electricity fitment job.
You have got many proposals and now one of your team member want you to give the project to a
particular seller as he thinks they are perfect in their job. And another team member wants to give
project to some other seller as he knows them very well. Which of the following is the BEST thing that a
project manager and team should focus on at the time of seller selection?
1. Procurement Audits
2. Source Selection Criteria
3. Procurement Documents
4. Procurement Management Plan
Correct
Here we are talking about Best way to select prospective seller for which Source Selection criteria is
primary tool. It is the tool to evaluate potential sellers. It is set of attributes desired by the buyer which a
seller is required to meet or exceed to be selected for a contract. Contract should not be granted by
recommendations or preference of the team members. Option A, C and D does not talk about selection
of sellers.
We had a good discussion on Procurement Management. The recording of the discussion can be
watched at –
Incorrect
Here we are talking about Best way to select prospective seller for which Source Selection criteria is
primary tool. It is the tool to evaluate potential sellers. It is set of attributes desired by the buyer which a
seller is required to meet or exceed to be selected for a contract. Contract should not be granted by
recommendations or preference of the team members. Option A, C and D does not talk about selection
of sellers.
We had a good discussion on Procurement Management. The recording of the discussion can be
watched at –
Question 99 of 100
99. Question
You want to train your team members on a specific tool which can help your team members in
enhancing their database coding skills. You have scheduled formal training for your team however you
know the relevance and impact of unplanned training. Which of the following option is NOT a form of
unplanned training?
1. Classroom
2. Observation
3. Project performance appraisals
4. Conversation
Correct
Training can be formal or informal and designed to enhance the competencies of the project team
members. Examples of training methods include classroom, online, computer based or on the job
training. Scheduled training takes place as documented in human resource management plan.
Unplanned training takes place as a result of observation, conversation and project performance
appraisals.
Incorrect
Training can be formal or informal and designed to enhance the competencies of the project team
members. Examples of training methods include classroom, online, computer based or on the job
training. Scheduled training takes place as documented in human resource management plan.
Unplanned training takes place as a result of observation, conversation and project performance
appraisals.
Question 100 of 100
100. Question
For motivation and positive strengthening of the project team members, public recognition and rewards
play an important role. As a project manager when is the BEST time for you to recognize team
members’ performance?
1. During the lifecycle of the project
2. At the end of every phase of the project
3. At the end of the project
4. As mandated by the HR department.
Correct
A good strategy for project managers is to give the team all possible recognition during the whole life
cycle of the project rather than after the project or phase is completed. This will keep the team
members motivated through the duration of the project and they always have something to look
forward.
Incorrect
A good strategy for project managers is to give the team all possible recognition during the whole life
cycle of the project rather than after the project or phase is completed. This will keep the team
members motivated through the duration of the project and they always have something to look
forward.
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Now, the time for the revelation!

1. Contact the other project manager and ask for assistance.

3. Wait and watch, if the project is impacted by the growth in scope

3. Disclose the discovery to the project sponsor and stakeholders.

4. Write up a scope change for the work.