1.

Discuss by examples the rule governing the loss, deterioration and improvement of the
prestation during the pendency of the happening of the condition
a. Loss of the thing

I will give you a specific car if you will pass the October 2020 CPA examination.
b. Deterioration of the thing
I will give you a specific car, painted silver, if you will pass the CPA examination
c. Improvement of the thing
I will give you a specific car if you will pass the May 9, 2020 CPA examination.
However, on May 1, 2020, I installed an air conditioning unit inside the car
because of the dry spell.
2. What are periods?
a. According to effect
i. Suspensive period (Ex die) – obligation cannot be demanded until the
expiration of the term
ii. Resolutory period (in diem) – obligation that is demandable at once but is
terminated upon the expiration of the term
b. According to source
i. Legal period = fixed by law
ii. Voluntary period – fixed by stipulation of the parties
iii. Judicial period – fixed by the court
3. Who benefits from the period?
a. Benefits of the debtor – if the parties so stipulated or it can be inferred from the
tenor of the obligation that the period was established, such as when that debt is
payable within one year.
b. Benefits of the creditor – – if the parties so stipulated or it can be inferred from
the tenor of the obligation that the period was established, such as when the
debt is collectible on or before one year.
4. When may a debtor lose the right to benefit from the period?
a. When he is insolvent
b. When he does not furnish the guaranties or securities that he has promised
c. When by his own acts he has impaired such as guaranties or securities after their
establishment, and when through a fortuitous event they disappear.
Diagnostic test
1. B 36. A 71. D
2. D 37. C 72. B
3. C 38. D 73. D
4. D 39. D 74. A
5. A 40. A 75. B
6. D 41. A 76. A
7. A 42. C 77. D
8. D 43. A 78. B
9. B 44. D 79. D
10. C 45. C 80. C
11. C 46. D 81. A
12. B 47. C 82. D
13. B 48. A 83. D
14. B 49. C 84. B
15. B 50. B 85. D
16. A 51. C 86. B
17. B 52. D 87. A
18. A 53. A 88. D
19. B 54. A 89. D
20. C 55. D 90. A
21. C 56. A 91. A
22. C 57. D 92. C
23. A 58. C 93. A
24. A 59. D 94. C
25. C 60. A 95. C
26. D 61. A 96. C
27. D 62. B 97. C
28. C 63. D 98. C
29. A 64. C 99. C
30. D 65. D 100. D
31. A 66. D 101. A
32. D 67. D 102. B
33. C 68. D 103. D
34. C 69. A
35. B 70. A