‫طبعا دي شوية تحابيش تفهم الموضوع بس لكن مش شرح وال امتحان‬

‫مصدر المذاكرة هو ورق الدكتورة اللي في المكتبة‬

‫لكن دي نظره سريعه عن‬

‫‪A pinledge is occasionally used as a single restoration,‬النقطة االولى‬

‫‪generally to reestablish anterior guidance, in which case only the‬‬
‫‪lingual surface is prepared.‬‬
‫الكالم بسيط وسهل لو فهمنا يعني ايه ‪ anterior guidance‬؟؟ صح ولال ايه؟؟‬
‫كلو يبص ع الصورة‬

‫يعني في حاله اننا هنتعامل مع ‪ pinledge‬على انه أحيانا ‪ single restoration‬هعمل ‪preparation of‬‬
‫‪llingual surface only‬‬
 lingual ‫ غير‬surface ‫يعني ماليش دعوه باي‬

 ‫النقطة التانية‬More commonly, however, it is used as a retainer for a fixed

partial denture or to splint periodontally compromised teeth, in these
cases, one or more of the proximal surfaces are included in the
preparation design to accommodate the required connector(s).
‫ وهذا االستعمال االكثر شيوعا‬partial denture ‫أو ممكن استعمله في‬
prioximal surface ‫ ل‬preparation ‫ وبعمل‬Retainer ‫ويكون ف هذه الحاله‬

 3- Retention and resistance are provided primarily by pins that extend to

a depth of 2 mm into dentin, compared to other retainers, the pinledge
preparation is very conservative of tooth structure.
retention (resist lateral ‫ ف الدنيا‬restoration ‫عشان أحقق أهم حاجتين في اي‬.. ‫مفهمومة طبعا‬
‫ يعني مسمار صوغنن زي بنسة‬pins ‫بستخدم‬.. movement) &resistance(resist occulusal forces)
‫الشعر كده‬

 4- Generally, pinledges are highly esthetic restorations.

 5- Plaque control after treatment is easier because of short margin length
and largely supragingival margin location.
 ‫طاايب بعد ما قرأنا المقدمة ندخل بئا ع‬

Fig.
Recommended dimensions are given in the buccolingual cross section on the
right.
A) Ledge
B) Indentation
C) Pinhole
D) Countersink.

‫اومال هنكتب ايه ؟؟‬.... ‫واكيد~ مش هنكتب الرسمة دي‬

‫الدش ده‬
Incisal and Lingual Reduction
 Prepare the incisal bevel with the diamond, inclined slightly toward
the lingual 45 ͦ to the long axis of the tooth.
 It must remain within the curvature of the incisal edge to minimize
display of metal.
 The desired metal thickness is 1 mm.
  Perform the lingual reduction with a football or flame-shaped
diamond after placing reduction grooves as has been described in
other anterior preparations.
 The margin should be on the height of contour of the cingulum, 1mm
supragingivally and continues until it runs into the proximal reduction.
 The finish line is chamfer, its thickness range from 0.3 to 0.5 mm or
we may use heavy chamfer (0.8 mm) in certain cases.
 Smooth the incisal and lingual reduction with fine-grit diamonds and
stones before preparing the ledges and pinholes.

Proximal Reduction
 Prepare the proximal slice with a tapered diamond.
 The diamond is either held parallel to the path of withdrawal to
facilitate the subsequent procedures or given a slight lingual
inclination to minimize the metal display.
 The primary purpose of this step is to provide sufficient reduction to
allow adequate metal in the area for a subsequent connector.
 The proximal reduction includes the proximal contact area, but care
must be taken not to extend the reduction too far facially.
 For esthetic reasons, the reduction must not extend onto the labial
surface.

Ledges and Indentations

 Two ledges are prepared across the reduced lingual surface.
 They will provide room for sufficient bulk of metal to ensure rigidity.
  The restoration would otherwise not be very strong because it would
consist of only a thin sheet of metal.
 The determination of the incisocervical location of the ledges depends
on the configuration of the pulp and the available bulk of tooth
structure.
 Usually the incisal ledge is prepared 2 to 2.5 mm cervical to the
incisal edge to minimize the metal display as the thickness of the tooth
at this area is thin.
 The cervical ledge is placed on the crest of the cingulum at the center
of the cervical one fourth of the preparation

Fig.
The incisal ledge is placed so its floor is
one fourth of the preparation's height
from the incisal edge. The cervical
ledge is placed so its floor bisects the
cervical fourth. Note that the path of
insertion is parallel to the incisal two
thirds of the labial wall.

 Prepare two ledges with a cylindrical carbide bur.

 The design of the ledges must be compatible with the path of
withdrawal of the restoration, which is parallel to the incisal two
thirds of the labial surface of the tooth.
  Make indentations in the left and right sides of the incisal ledge and
slightly off center in the cervical ledge to prevent subsequent pulp
exposure when the pinholes are placed.
 These incisal indentations will be as widely spaced as possible to
retain as much dentin as possible between the pinholes and the pulp.
 Because the completed pinhole must be surrounded by sound dentin,
it is not possible to place holes in the extreme corners because of the
tooth's morphology.
 Generally this means that the indentations are just within the mesial
and distal marginal ridges, about 1.5 mm inside the external tooth
contour.
 The same carbide bur can be used to prepare the indentations.
 When completed, the configuration of the indentations should
resemble a half cylinder.
 When combined, they should provide a flat area 1 to 1.2 mm wide
buccolingually.

Pinhole Preparation
 The depth of the completed pinhole should be at least 2 mm.
 The width should be 0.3  0.5 mm.
 They should parallel the path of withdrawal and surrounded with
dentin
 However, it should be remembered that the design and location of the
pinholes have already been determined by the placement of the ledges
and indentations, so the only remaining concern should be verification
 of the position of the rotary instrument and attainment of the
minimum depth of the pinholes.
 This will permit alignment verification as the pinholes are prepared.
 Bevel the junction between pinhole and indentation with a round bur
slightly larger than the largest diameter of the pinhole.
‫وادي الرسمة تاني عشان ماننسهاش‬