Introduction to

Earthquake Engineering
Behaviour of structures
under earthquakes

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka

 Conventional rc-frame structure under Kobe earthquake

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
2
 Non-linear Cyclic Behavior of Frames

From Petersen (9)

Failure in soft storey

From Müller, Keintzel (2)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
3
 Non-linear Cyclic Behavior of Walls

From Wakabayashi (1)

flexural failure shear failure sliding failure rotation of foundation

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
4
 Behaviour of Reinforced-Concrete Structures

Flexural cyclic behaviour in plastic hinges

From Earthquake Spectra (10)

From Wakabayashi (1)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
5
 Behaviour of Columns

Buckling of longitudinal reinforcement

From Wakabayashi (1)

From Earthquake Spectra (10)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
6
 Behaviour under combined bending (moment and shear)
and axial forces: The rc-beam-column
From Wakabayashi (1)

From Wakabayashi (1)

From Petersen (9)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
7
 Short column:

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
8
 Short Columns

Extreme pinching of hysteresis loop and failure in shear

From Wakabayashi (1)

From Wakabayashi (1)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
9
 Frame Corners
pinching effect and deterioration by large shear

From Wakabayashi (1)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
10
 Complicated details in rc-frames:

From Müller, Keintzel (2)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
11
 Shear walls

From Wakabayashi (1)

From Wakabayashi (1)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
12
 Wall openings

From Wakabayashi (1)

From Earthquake Spectra (10)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
13
 Coupled shear walls

From Müller, Keintzel (2)

From Müller, Keintzel (2)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
14
 Pre-cast connections

From Earthquake Spectra (10)

From Wakabayashi (1)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
15
 Behaviour of Steel Structures
Conventional steel structure under Kobe earthquake: Soft storey

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
16
 Behaviour of Steel Structures

Plastic hinges

From DGEB (8)

Local Buckling under Cyclic Loading

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
17
Relationship between moment and rotation angle for a beam under cyclic loading

From Wakabayashi (1)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
18
Horizontal load-deflection relationship of beam columns with various values of
width-thickness ratios

From Wakabayashi (1)

(a) b/t = 8
(b) b/t = 11
(c) b/t = 16

From Petersen (9)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
19
 Cyclic buckling of struts

From Earthquake Spectra (10)

From Wakabayashi (1)

From Wakabayashi (1)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
20
Load-deflection relationship for a braced full-scale portal frame under a
constant vertical load and an alternately repeated horizontal load

P= 0,5* Npl P= 0,5* Npl

H H

From Wakabayashi (1)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
21
 Fracture in connections

Both Pictures from earthquake Spectra (10)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
22
 Fracture in connections

Both Pictures from earthquake Spectra (10)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
23
 Seismically sound connections

From Wakabayashi (1)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
24
 Behaviour of Timber Structures
Modern Japanese residential structure under Kobe earthquake:

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
25
 Behaviour of Timber Structures

From Wakabayashi (1)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
26
 From Wakabayashi (1)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
27
 Load-deflection relationship for a timber wall under
alternately repeated shear force

From Wakabayashi (1)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
28
 Masonry Structures

From Wakabayashi (1)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
29
Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
30
 Horizontal load-deflection relationships
for a pier subjected
to reversed shear and failing in shear

From Wakabayashi (1)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
31
 From Earthquake Spectra (10)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
32
 Masonry infilled frames

From Wakabayashi (1)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
33
 Historic Structures

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
34
 Historic Structures

From Earthquake Spectra (10)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
35
 Historic Structures

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
36
 Historic Structures

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
37
 Bridges

Both Pictures from Earthquake Spectra (10)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
38
 Both Pictures from Earthquake Spectra (10)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
39
 Both Pictures from Earthquake Spectra (10)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
40
 Both Pictures from Earthquake Spectra (10)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
41
 Both Pictures from Earthquake Spectra (10)

From Petersen (9)

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
42
 References

(1) Wakabayashi –
Design of Earthquake-
Earthquake-Resistant Buildings
McGraw-Hill Book Company
(2) Müller, Keintzel –
Erdbebensicherung von Hochbauten
Verlag Ernst & Sohn
(3) Deutsche Gesellschaft für
Erdbebeningenieurwesen - DGEB
Schriftenreihe der DGEB, Heft 2
Elsevier
(4) Petersen
Statik und Stabilitä
Stabilität der
Baukonstruktionen
Vieweg
(5) Jack P. Moehle
Earthquake Spectra – April 1995

Earthquake Engineering
Prof. Dr.-
Dr.-Ing. Uwe E. Dorka Stand: 04.07.2006
43