Comparison Between the system of government Romania -

The United Kingdom

Student: Lect.Univ.Dr.
Cosnita Andreea Bucur Norica
Felicia

2020
 United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy where the executive power
is attributed to Government ( "His Majesty's Government") and comes from
Parliament. Today is one of the few countries that do not have a Constitution.
The prime minister is head of government and is responsible to the House of
Commons, the lower house of Parliament. This system of government has been
emulated in other parts of the world and is known as the Westminster model.
Sovereign has broad powers in theory, but in practice performs only
ceremonial functions. Sovereign is he who promulgates the laws issued by
Parliament. He also Parliament session opens each year with so-called Message
of the Crown, which is really a government program. Sovereign is the monarch
as the United Kingdom and 15 other Commonwealth countries.
The current UK sovereign is Queen Elizabeth II, who ascended the throne
in 1952 and was crowned in 1953.
Parliament is the legislative institution of the United National. It is
composed of two chambers: the House of Commons with elected members, and
the House of Lords, whose members are generally appointed. House of
Commons has greater powers than the Lords, and can pass laws rejected by the
latter. House of Commons consists of 646 members, each one being elected
from a constituency, through the first past the post, also called "the winner takes
it all" - the candidate with the highest number of votes in a constituency wins
mandate . House of Lords has 724 members from among the British aristocracy
and clergy.
Government ministers are chosen by agreement of the House of
Commons, although some also come from the House of Lords. Ministers are
invested with executive and legislative power. The Prime Minister is generally
the party leader with the most representatives in the House of Commons. The
current Prime Minister (2016) is Theresa May, Conservative party chairman.
UK has a very comprehensive system of social protection, and
proclaimed a "welfare state" ( "welfare state"). Basis current social protection
system were made by economist William Beveridge in 1942. This system came
to be known as the Beveridge model.
UK has a unique legal system since Article 19 of the Union Treaty of
1706 allowed the continuity of the Scottish legal system. Currently in the UK
there are three systems of laws: England system, system of Northern Ireland and
Scotland system.
 Romanian Parliament is bicameral, consisting of the Senate, with 137
members, and the Chamber of Deputies, with 314 members. Some 18 additional
seats in the Chamber of Deputies are reserved for representatives of national
minorities. Parliament has legislative role, discussing and voting ordinary and
organic laws, both specialized committees and in plenary. Members of
parliament are elected by uninominal mixed universal, direct and secret. The
electoral system is a proportional (MPs elected from all parties that passed the
threshold of 5% of the total votes, based on an algorithm). Elections are held
every four years, the last taking place on 11 December 2016. Parliament Palace
hosts the headquarters of the Chamber of Deputies in 1994 and 2004 and the
Senate seat.

The Romanian Government is the public authority of the executive power

that works in the vote of confidence of Parliament and for achieving the
country's domestic and foreign policy and the general management of public
administration. Government appointment is made by the President on the vote
of confidence to the Government by the Parliament. Government consists of the
Prime Minister and ministers. Prime Minister leads the Government and
coordinates the activities of its members, in compliance with their respective
legal duties. The Government makes decisions and ordinances.

The judiciary
The principle of separation of powers, the judicial system in Romania is
independent of the other branches of government and is composed of a
hierarchical structure instances. In Romania, justice shall be administered only
by the High Court of Cassation and Justice and other courts or courts of appeal,
tribunals, specialized tribunals and courts. High Court of Cassation and Justice
is the highest court in rank, and its primary role is to ensure consistent
interpretation and application of the law by other courts. The Romanian judicial
system is strongly influenced by the French model. The Constitutional Court is
the sole body of constitutional jurisdiction in Romania, independent from any
other public authority and has The Constitution stipulates that the guardian of
the supremacy of the Constitution. Constitution, introduced in 1991, can be
amended only through a public referendum and amending last referendum was
held in 2003. Since then, from that amendment, Parliament has no right to
exceed the decisions of the Constitutional Court, regardless of majority .
 Integration into the European Union in 2007 had a significant influence
on internal politics of the country. As part of this process, Romania has initiated
reforms, including the reform of the justice intensified judicial cooperation with
other Member States to take action against corruption. However, in its annual
report for 2006 Romania and Bulgaria were described as the most corrupt
countries of the European Union.