WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING

FINAL EXAMINATION
SECOND SEMESTER
S.Y. 2019-2020
CE 5 SECTION 3

1) The term “hydro” is the Greek word for __________.

A. Electricity
B. Water
C. Hydropower
D. Tide

2) It is the variation of the ocean water with time due to moon’s pull.

A. Electricity
B. Water
C. Hydropower
D. Tide

3) This is the ratio average load over a certain time period and the maximum load during that time. The
period of time could be a day, a week, a month or a year.

A. Installed Capacity
B. Load Factor
C. Capacity Factor
D. Utilization Factor

4) For a hydroelectric plant, this is the total capacity of all the generating units installed in the power
station. However all the units may not run together for all the time.

A. Installed Capacity
B. Load Factor
C. Capacity Factor
D. Utilization Factor

5) This is the amount of power that is the minimum produced by a hydro-power plant during a certain
period of time. It depends upon whether storage is available or not for the plant since a plant
without storage like run-of-river plants would produce power as per minimum stream flow.

A. Installed Capacity
B. Firm (Primary) Power
C. Secondary power
D. Utilization Factor
 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
FINAL EXAMINATION
SECOND SEMESTER
S.Y. 2019-2020
CE 5 SECTION 3

6) This is the power produced by hydropower plant over and above the firm power.

A. Installed Capacity
B. Firm (Primary) Power
C. Secondary power
D. Utilization Factor

7) A power station operating under heads from 30m to 300m. (Medium head power plant)
A. Medium head power plant
B. High head power station
C. Low head power plant
D. None of the above

8) These are hydropower plants which utilize the rise in water level of the sea due to a tide.

A. Storage scheme
B. Run-of-river scheme
C. Pumped-storage schemes
D. Tidal power development schemes

9) These are hydropower plants that utilize the stream flow as it comes, without any storage being
provided.

A. Storage scheme
B. Run-of-river scheme
C. Pumped-storage schemes
D. Tidal power development schemes

10) It is provided at the mouth of a water conveyance system for a hydropower project.

A. Hydropower
B. Intakes
C. Open channel flow
D. Barrage
 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
FINAL EXAMINATION
SECOND SEMESTER
S.Y. 2019-2020
CE 5 SECTION 3

11) The face of the intake is rectangular and is reduced to a smaller rectangular section through a
transitory shape known as

A. Reservoir Type Intake

B. Gate Slot
C. Roof Slab
D. Bell-mouth

12) Is actually a grill or a screen for preventing entry of suspended or floating material into the water
conducting system. It is made usually of metallic strips welded in vertical and horizontal directions at
regular spacings.

A. Trash Rack
B. Piers
C. Forebay
D. Turbine

13) A protective layer within the tunnel made of plain or reinforced concrete.

A. Concrete lining
B. Steel Support
C. Roof/rock bolts
D. None of the above

14) This is a common type of rock bolts used in practice which consists of mild-steel rod, threaded at
one end, the other end being split into two halves for about 125 mm length.

A. Perfo bolts
B. Wedge and slot bolts
C. Wedge and sleeve bolt
D. None of the above

15) This method of bolting consists of insertng into a bore hole a perforated cylindrical metal tube which
is previously filled with cement mortar and then pushing a plain or ribbed bolt.

A. Perfo bolts
B. Wedge and slot bolt
C. Wedge and sleeve bolt
D. None of the above
 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
FINAL EXAMINATION
SECOND SEMESTER
S.Y. 2019-2020
CE 5 SECTION 3

16) What is the common type of water conveyance system?

A. Tunnel
B. Open channel
C. Penstock
D. Surge tanks

17) What is TBM stands for?

A. Tunnel Beating Machine

B. Tunnel Breaking Machine
C. Tunnel Bending Machine
D. Tunnel Boring Machine

18) A steel or reinforced concrete conduit to resist high pressure in the water conveyance system and
may take off directly from behind a dam, a forebay or surge tank end of a head race tunnel.

A. Penstock
B. Tunnel
C. Surge Tank
D. Open Channel

19) Turbine resembles the propeller of a ship and hence.

A. Reaction Turbines
B. Radial Flow Reaction Turbines
C. Axial Flow Turbines
D. Diagonal Flow Reaction Turbines

20) It is also favoured for very low head range and designed as a low capacity unit.

A. Diagonal Flow Reaction Turbines

B. Impulse Turbines
C. Hydraulic Turbines
D. S-type Tubular Turbines

21) Also termed as the propeller turbines.

A. Diagonal Flow Reaction Turbines

B. Axial Flow Turbines
C. Impulse Turbines
D. Hydraulic Turbines
 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
FINAL EXAMINATION
SECOND SEMESTER
S.Y. 2019-2020
CE 5 SECTION 3

22) It is used commonly in hydro power projects world wide for very high head installations.

A. Diagonal Flow Reaction Turbines

B. Impulse Turbines
C. Hydraulic Turbines
D. Axial Flow Turbines

23) A turbine has stationary as well as rotating members.

A. Hydraulic Turbines
B. Axial Flow Turbines
C. Reaction Turbines
D. Impulse Turbines

24) Refer to the Bureau of Indian Standard Code of practices of Hydraulic turbines for medium and large
power houses - guidelines for selection.

A. IS:12837-1989
B. IS: 12800-1993
C. IS: 7418-1991
D. IS: 5496-1969

25) Refer to the Bureau of Indian Standard Code of practices of Guidelines for selection of turbines,
preliminary dimensioning and layout of surface hydro-electric power houses

A. IS:12837-1989
B. IS: 12800-1993
C. IS: 7418-1991
D. IS: 5496-1969

26) Refer to the Bureau of Indian Standard Code of practices of “Criteria for design of spiral casing
(concrete and steel).”

A. IS:12837-1989
B. IS: 12800-1993
C. IS: 7418-1991
D. IS: 5496-1969
 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
FINAL EXAMINATION
SECOND SEMESTER
S.Y. 2019-2020
CE 5 SECTION 3

27) Occurs only on a steep bank where grains, grain assemblages or blocks fall into the channel. Such
failures are found on steep, eroding banks of low operational cohesion.

A. Rotational slip
B. Shallow slide
C. Soil/rock fall
D. Slab-type block

28) Flow describes the flow-type failure of a dry, granular bank material.

A. Dry Granular
B. Wet earth flow
C. Cantilever failure
D. Slab-type block

29) Should be blocky in shape rather than elongated, as more nearly cubical stones “nest” together best
and are more resistant to movement.

A. Riprap blanket
B. Wet earth flow
C. Trenchfill
D. Window

30) Failure is the loss of strength of a section of bank due to saturation.

A. Riprap blanket
B. Wet earth flow
C. Trenchfill
D. Window

31) Soil is mixed well with sufficient cement to provide a durable bond between soil particles.

A. Riprap blanket
B. Soil-cement blocks
C. Trenchfill
D. Window
 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
FINAL EXAMINATION
SECOND SEMESTER
S.Y. 2019-2020
CE 5 SECTION 3

32) Is an erosion-resistant material which has little or no flexibility to conform to bank irregularities
occurring after construction.

A. Asphalt
B. Soil-cement blocks
C. Rigid armour
D. Concrete

33) Are provided for this purpose of guiding the river flow past the diversion structure without causing
damage to it and its approaches.

A. Guide bunds/banks
B. Marginal embankments
C. Riprap blanket
D. Rotational slip

34) Type of guide bunds that have the disadvantage of excessive attack and heavy scour at the head and
shoaling all along the shank rendering the end bays inactive.

A. Divergent guide bunds

B. Convergent guide bunds
C. Parallel guide bunds
D. Elliptical guide bunds

35) The measure done to manage risk by building the capacity of people to cope with flooding through
better planning and management.

A. Structural Measures
B) Flood Plain Management
C) Flood Fighting
D) Non-structural Measures

36) It was filed by Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago to help as a non-structural measure in flood
mitigation last January 5, 2015 on the 16th Congress.

A. National Flood Insurance Policy

B. National Flood Insurance Agency
C. National Flood Insurance Program
D. National Flood Insurance Rules
 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
FINAL EXAMINATION
SECOND SEMESTER
S.Y. 2019-2020
CE 5 SECTION 3

37) This aims at determining the locations and the extent of the areas likely to be affected by floods of
different magnitudes/frequencies and to develop those areas in such fashion that the resulting
damage is reduced to the minimum.

A. Flood Plain Zoning

B. Flood Plain Proofing
C. Flood Plain Management
D. Flood Forecasting and Warning

38) It is the numbers on a certain scale, which defines drought quantitatively.

A. Surface water supply index

B. Drought indices
C. Reclamation drought index
D. Precipitation index

39) When the region is moderately wet ,What percent of classification is it using palmer drought severity
index?

A. 4.0 or more
B. 0.5 to 0.99
C. 2.0 to 2.99
D. 0.49 to -0.49

40) It is one of the simplest measurements of rainfall for a location.

A. Percent of normal
B. Crop moisture
C. Reclamation drought index
D. Standardized precipitation index

41) Deficiency of precipitation over an extended period of time, usually a season or more.

A. Drought
B. Flood
C. Weather pattern
D. Typhoon
 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
FINAL EXAMINATION
SECOND SEMESTER
S.Y. 2019-2020
CE 5 SECTION 3

42) Occurs when the demand for an economic goods exceeds supply as a result of a weather-related
shortfall in water supply.

A. Meteorological drought
B. Agricultural drought
C. Hydrological drought
D. Socioeconomic drought

43) The incident on water may be absorbed scattered and transmitted.

A. Electromagnetic Radiation
B. Remote Sensing
C. Satellites
D. Energy

44) The images are captured by sensors fitted to satellites and at times below aircrafts that work on the
two basic technologies.
A. Man -made structures
B. Remote Sensing
C. Vegetation
D. Water

45) The any object usually varies according to the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation.
A. Energy
B. Spectral reflectance
C. Spectral signature
D. Reflectance

46) This is a course resolution (188m) sensor operating in two bands.

A. Spectral signatures
B. Linear imaging self-scanning sensor
C. Panchromatic
D. Wide field sensor

47) Translation, solution or stretching of the image to match earth’s true geometry.

A. Pre-processing
B. Image registration
C. Image enhancement
D. Image filtering
 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
FINAL EXAMINATION
SECOND SEMESTER
S.Y. 2019-2020
CE 5 SECTION 3

48) Improving images or image patches that suffer from low contrast between pixel DN values.
A. Image registration
B. Image enhancement
C. Image transforms
D. Pre-processing

49) Methods to identify clearly the boundary between two district regions of separate reflectance
characteristics.

A. Image registration
B. Image enhancement
C. Image filtering
D. Image transforms

50) Combination of one or more images of different spectral bands of the same area.

A. Pre-processing
B. Image registration
C. Image filtering
D. Image transforms
 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
FINAL EXAMINATION
SECOND SEMESTER
S.Y. 2019-2020
CE 5 SECTION 3

Essays:

1) In the positions of power houses, differentiate the types of power stations that can be
constructed as per site conditions.

First type is the Surface power station or over ground power station, it is a power station which is
constructed over the ground with necessary open excavation for foundations. Next is
Underground power station, it is a power station located in a cavity in the ground with no part of
the structure exposed to outside. Last is the Semi-underground power station which is a type of
power station located partly below the ground level and followed by a tail race.

2) What are the types of Intakes and explain each type.

The different types of Intakes are Run-off-river Intake and Reservoir Type Intake. Run-off-river
intake is a type of intake which may either located sufficiently inside the river so that demands
of water are met with in all the seasons of the year, or they may be located near the river bank
where a sufficient depth of water is available. Reservoir Type Intake is design of intake may vary
based on the type of dam.
3) How to construct a repelling spur?

These are constructed with an inclination upstream which varies from 10° to 30° to the line
normal to the bank.

4) How does cut-offs work?

It is artificially induced with a pilot channel to divert the river from a curved flow which may be
endangering valuable land or property or to straighten it’s approach to a work or for any other
purposes

5) Differentiate Agricultural drought from Hydrological drought

Agricultural drought focus on precipitation shortages, differences between actual and potential
evapotranspiration. Soil water deficits, reduced ground water or reservoir levels, and so forth.
While hydrological drought is associated with the effects of periods of precipitation including
snowfall shortfalls on surface or subsurface water supply.
 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
FINAL EXAMINATION
SECOND SEMESTER
S.Y. 2019-2020
CE 5 SECTION 3

6) What is the importance in GIS in planning?

GIS is a computer system designed to capture, store, manipulate, manage, and present a variety
of spatial and geographical data. This computer system is very important especially when it comes
to planning, it enables people to more easily see, analyse, and understand patterns and
relationships.

7) What are the important factors of checking the stability of a in-stream power house?

Primarily powerhouses have to be checked for overturning, sliding and uplift pressures. For in-
stream powerhouses, the principal force here is the upstream (head water pressure. Considering
Sliding and overturning checks it may be done according to the law of mechanics. The
corresponding stresses calculated at the base may be checked against the safe bearing pressure
of the foundation.