European Standard Norme Européenne Europäische Norm: Final Draft Fpren 15316-3

EUROPEAN STANDARD FINAL DRAFT
NORME EUROPÉENNE FprEN 15316-3

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2016
ICS 91.140.10; 91.140.30; 91.140.65 Will supersede EN 15316-2-3:2007, EN 15316-3-

2:2007
English Version
Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation

of system energy requirements and system efficiencies -
Part 3: Space distribution systems (DHW, heating and
cooling), Module M3-6, M4-6, M8-6
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Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Méthode de Energetische Bewertung von Gebäuden - Verfahren zur
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calcul des besoins énergétiques et des rendements des Berechnung der Energieanforderungen und
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systèmes - Partie 3 : Systèmes de distribution des Nutzungsgrade der Anlagen - Teil 3:
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locaux (eau chaude sanitaire, chauffage et Wärmeverteilungssysteme (Trinkwassererwärmung,
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refroidissement), Module M3-6, M4-6, M8-6 m Heizung und Kühlung), Module M3-6, M4-6, M8-6
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This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for formal vote. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 228.
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If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
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which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
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This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
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language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
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Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

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CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
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Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
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United Kingdom.
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Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
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aware and to provide supporting documentation.

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Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. FprEN 15316-3:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Licensed to: Klaris-Kwint, Karin Mrs
Downloaded: 2016-11-07
Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited
FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
Contents
European foreword....................................................................................................................................................... 4
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 5
1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 7
2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 9
3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 9
4 Symbols and abbreviations ...................................................................................................................... 10
4.1 Symbols ............................................................................................................................................................ 10
4.2 Subscripts........................................................................................................................................................ 10
5 General description of the method - Output of the method .......................................................... 10
6 Calculation of heat losses and auxiliary energy of distribution systems ................................. 11
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6.1 Output data ..................................................................................................................................................... 11
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6.2 Calculation time steps ................................................................................................................................ 12
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6.3 Input data ........................................................................................................................................................ 12
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6.3.1 Product technical data (quantitative) .................................................................................................. 12
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6.3.2 Configuration and system design data ................................................................................................. 12
6.3.3
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Operating or boundary conditions ........................................................................................................ 14
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6.3.4 Constants and physical data ..................................................................................................................... 15
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6.4 Calculation procedure ................................................................................................................................ 15

6.4.1 Applicable time step.................................................................................................................................... 15
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6.4.2 Operating conditions calculation ........................................................................................................... 15

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6.4.3 Heat loss calculation ................................................................................................................................... 15

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6.4.4 Recoverable energy ..................................................................................................................................... 18

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6.4.5 Auxiliary energy calculation .................................................................................................................... 19

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6.4.6 Auxiliary energy for ribbon heater........................................................................................................ 21

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6.4.7 Recoverable and recovered auxiliary energy .................................................................................... 21

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7 Quality control .............................................................................................................................................. 22

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8 Compliance check......................................................................................................................................... 22
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Annex A (informative) Simplified input data correlations ........................................................................ 23

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A.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 23

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A.2 Input correlations to the length of pipes in zones (buildings) .................................................... 23

A.2.1 Space heating and space cooling distribution systems .................................................................. 23
A.2.2 Domestic hot water distribution systems: .......................................................................................... 24
A.2.3 Correlations of typical values of linear thermal transmittance:................................................. 24
A.2.4 Correlations for pressure loss per length: .......................................................................................... 25
A.2.5 Correlations for resistance ratio: ........................................................................................................... 25
A.2.6 Correlations of additional resistances: ................................................................................................ 25
A.2.7 Correlations correction factor of the distribution system: ........................................................... 26
A.2.8 Correlations factor for recoverable auxiliary energy: .................................................................... 26
Annex B (informative) Simplified input data correlations ........................................................................ 27
B.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 27

2 Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited
FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
B.2 Input correlations to the length of pipes in zones (buildings) ..................................................... 27

B.2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................... 27
B.2.2 Network for space heating and space cooling systems ................................................................... 27
B.2.2.1 Sections ............................................................................................................................................................ 27
B.2.2.2 Input data to the correlation .................................................................................................................... 28
B.2.2.3 Correlations .................................................................................................................................................... 28
B.2.2.4 Boundary conditions ................................................................................................................................... 29
B.2.3 Network for domestic hot water systems ............................................................................................ 30
B.2.3.1 Sections ............................................................................................................................................................ 30
B.2.3.3 Correlations .................................................................................................................................................... 31
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B.2.3.4 Boundary conditions ................................................................................................................................... 32
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B.3 Input correlations to linear thermal transmittance of pipes in zones (buildings) ............... 32
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B.3.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................... 32
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B.3.2 Network for space heating, space cooling and domestic hot water systems .......................... 32
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B.3.2.1 Sections ............................................................................................................................................................ 32
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B.3.2.3 Correlations .................................................................................................................................................... 33

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B.4 Input correlations to constants for distribution pumps ................................................................ 34

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B.4.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................... 34
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B.4.2 Constants for the calculation of the expenditure energy factor of distribution pumps ..... 34
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B.5 Input correlations to additional resistances and resistance ratio ............................................. 34

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B.5.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................... 34
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B.5.2 Network for space heating, space cooling and domestic hot water systems .......................... 35
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B.5.2.1 Correlations for pressure loss per length ............................................................................................ 35

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B.5.2.2 Correlations for resistance ratio ............................................................................................................. 35

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B.5.2.3 Correlations additional resistances ....................................................................................................... 35

B.5.2.4 Correlations correction factor of the distribution system............................................................. 35
B.6 Input correlations factor for recoverable auxiliary energy .......................................................... 36
Annex C (informative) Input data ........................................................................................................................ 37
C.1 Energy efficiency index of real water-pumps ..................................................................................... 37
C.1.1 Product description data ........................................................................................................................... 37
C.1.2 Product technical data ................................................................................................................................ 37
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 38

Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited 3
FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
European foreword
This document (FprEN 15316-3:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 228
“Heating systems and water based cooling systems in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the Formal Vote.
This document will supersede EN 15316-2-3:2007 and EN 15316-3-2:2007.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
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FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
Introduction
This standard is part of a package developed to support EPBD directive implementation, hereafter
called “EPB set of standards”.
All EPB standards follow specific rules to ensure overall consistency, unambiguity and transparency.
All EPB standards provide a certain flexibility with regard to the methods, the required input data and
references to other EPB standards, by the introduction of a normative template in Annex A and Annex B
with informative default choices.
For the correct use of this standard a normative template is given in Annex A to specify these choices.
Informative default choices are provided in Annex B.
CEN/TC 228 deals with heating systems in buildings. Subjects covered by TC 228 are:
— energy performance calculation for heating systems;
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— inspection of heating systems;
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— design of heating systems;
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— installation and commissioning of heating systems
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This standard specifies the heat flux from distribution systems in space heating systems, space cooling
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systems and domestic hot water systems. This standard also specifies the auxiliary energy for pumps in
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space heating systems, space cooling systems and domestic hot water systems.
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This standard was developed during the first EPBD mandate and the first version was published in
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2008 in two different parts – space heating systems and domestic hot water systems.
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This standard is dealing with both earlier standards (EN 15316-2-3 and EN 15316-3-2) and added
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space cooling systems.

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The revision concerned mainly unique calculation methods for the water-based distribution systems for
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the heat flux as well as for the auxiliary energy of pumps.

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The standard was updated to cover hourly/monthly/yearly time-step.

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Use by or for regulators: In case the standard is used in the context of national or regional legal
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requirements, mandatory choices may be given at national or regional level for such specific
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applications. These choices (either the informative default choices from Annex B or choices adapted to
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national / regional needs, but in any case following the template of this Annex A) can be made available
as national annex or as separate (e.g. legal) document (national data sheet).
NOTE So in this case:
- the regulators will specify the choices;
- the individual user will apply the standard to assess the energy performance of a building, and thereby use
the choices made by the regulators,.
Topics addressed in this standard can be subject to public regulation. Public regulation on the same
topics can override the default values in Annex B of this standard. Public regulation on the same topics
can even, for certain applications, override the use of this standard. Legal requirements and choices are
in general not published in standards but in legal documents. In order to avoid double publications and
difficult updating of double documents, a national annex may refer to the legal texts where national
choices have been made by public authorities. Different national annexes or national data sheets are
possible, for different applications.

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
It is expected, if the default values, choices and references to other EPB standards in Annex B are not
followed due to national regulations, policy or traditions, that:
— national or regional authorities prepare data sheets containing the choices and national or regional
values, according to the model in Annex A. In this case the national annex (e.g. NA) refers to this
text;
— or, by default, the national standards body will consider the possibility to add or include a national
annex in agreement with the template of Annex A, in accordance to the legal documents that give
national or regional values and choices.
Further target groups are parties wanting to motivate their assumptions by classifying the building
energy performance for a dedicated building stock.
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FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard covers energy performance calculation of water based distribution systems for
space heating, space cooling and domestic hot water.
This European Standard deals with the heat flux from the distributed water to the space and the
auxiliary energy of the related pumps.
The heat flux and the auxiliary energy for pumps can be calculated at any time-step (hour, month and
year). The input and output data are mean values of the time step.
Instead of calculating the energy performance of water based distribution systems it is also possible to
use measurements as long as they are following the timesteps of the whole performance calculation or
can divided in those timesteps.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the
modular structure as set out in prEN ISO 52000-1:2015.
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NOTE 1 In prCEN ISO/TR 52000-2:2014 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the
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relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
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NOTE 2 The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module
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and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method
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respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.
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Table 1 – Position of this standard in the modular structure
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Building
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Overarching Technical Building Systems

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(as such)
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Domestic Hot water

Dehumidification
automation and
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Humidification
Descriptions
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Descriptions
production
Ventilation
Electricity
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Building
Lighting
Heating
Cooling
control
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sub M1 sub sub M M M M M1

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M2 M3 M4 M8 M10
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1 1 1 5 6 7 9 1
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1531 1531
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1 General 1 General 1 General

6–1 6–1
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Common
terms and
definition
Building
s; 1283
2 2 Energy 2 Needs
symbols, 1–3 ?
Needs
units and
subscript
s
(Free)
Indoor Maximum
Applicatio 1283 1283
3 3 Condition 3 Load and
ns 1–1 1–3
s without Power
Systems

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
Ways to Ways to Ways to

Express Express Express
1531 1531
4 Energy 4 Energy 4 Energy
6–1 6–1
Performa Performa Performa
nce nce nce
Building
Heat
Functions
Transfer Emission
and 1531 1531
5 5 by 5 and
Building 6–2 6–2
Transmiss control
Boundari
ion
es
Heat
Building
Transfer
Occupanc
by Distributi
y and 1531 1531 1531
6 6 Infiltratio 6 on and
Operating 6–3 6–3 6–3
n and control
Condition
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Ventilatio
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Aggregati
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on of
1531
2
Energy Internal Storage
1531 6–5
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7 Services 7 Heat 7 and m
6–5 1531
and Gains control
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6–4-3
Energy
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Carriers
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Building Solar
Generatio
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8 Partitioni 8 Heat 8
at
n
ng Gains
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Combusti 1531 1531

8–1
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on boilers 6–4-1 6–4-1

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Heat 1531 1531 1531

8–2
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pumps 6–4-2 6–4-2 6–4-2

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Thermal 15
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solar 1531 1531 31

8–3
Photovolt 6–4-3 6–4-3 6–
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aics 4-3
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On-site
1531 1531 31
8–4 cogenerat
6–4-4 6–4-4 6–
ion
4-4
District 15
heating 1531 1531 31
8–5
and 6–4-5 6–4-5 6–
cooling 4-5
Direct
1531 1531
8–6 electrical
6–4-6 6–4-6
heater
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Wind 31
8–7
turbines 6–
4-7

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
Radiant
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8–8 heating,
6–4-8
stoves
Load
Calculate Building
dispatchin
d Energy Dynamics
9 9 9 g and
Performa (thermal
operating
nce mass)
conditions
Measured Measured Measured
Energy Energy Energy 1537 1537
10 10 10
Performa Performa Performa 8–3 8–3
nce nce nce
Inspectio 1537 1537
11 11 Inspection 11 Inspection
n 8–1 8–1
Ways to
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Express
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12 12 – 12 BMS
Indoor
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Comfort
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External
2
Environm
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13 ent m
Condition
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Economic
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14 Calculatio
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2 Normative references
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The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
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indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
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references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
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EN 15232, Energy performance of buildings - Impact of Building Automation, Controls and Building
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Management
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EN ISO 7345:1995, Thermal insulation - Physical quantities and definitions (ISO 7345:1987)
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prEN ISO 52000-1:2015, Energy performance of buildings — Overarching EPB assessment – Part 1:
General framework and procedures
3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345:1995,
prEN ISO 52000-1:2015, and the following specific definitions apply.
3.1
tapping profile
depending on the definition in M8-3
3.2
setback mode
operation Mode for pumps at the end of scheduled usage time

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
3.3
boost mode
operation Mode for pumps before the begin of scheduled usage time
4 Symbols and abbreviations

4.1 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the symbols given in prEN ISO 52000-1:2015 and the specific
symbols listed in Table 2 apply
Table 2 — Symbols and units
Symbol Name of quantity Unit

nTap Tapping profile 1/h
β Mean part load in a time step -
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ε Expenditure energy factor -
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4.2 Subscripts
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For the purposes of this European Standard, the subscripts given in prEN ISO 52000-1:2015, and the
specific subscripts listed in Table 3 apply.
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Table 3 —Subscripts
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boost Boost heating dis Distribution WX,dis Operation mode

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setb Setback mode dis Distribution WX,dis Operation mode

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nom nominal heat loss dis Distribution Qw,dis,nom

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stub open circuited stubs dis Distribution QW,dis,stub

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5 General description of the method - Output of the method

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This method covers the calculation of

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− thermal loss of the distribution system for space heating, space cooling and domestic hot water in
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the zone;
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− recoverable thermal loss for space heating, space cooling and domestic hot water in the zone;
− auxiliary energy demand of distribution systems;
− recoverable auxiliary energy in the zone for space heating, space cooling and domestic hot water in
the zone;
− recovered auxiliary energy in the fluid in the zone for space heating, space cooling and domestic hot
water in the zone.
The time step of the output can be according to the time-step of the input values:
— hourly;
— monthly;
— yearly.

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
All input and output values are mean values in the corresponding time step. Because of summarized
time steps with the same boundary conditions the bin-method is also valid.
6 Calculation of heat losses and auxiliary energy of distribution systems

6.1 Output data
The output data of this method are listed in Table 4:

Table 4 - Output data of this method:
Intended
Validity
Description Symbol Unit destination Varying
interval
module
Temperature of DHW ϑWend °C 30..70 M8–1 YES
Thermal loss of the distribution Yes
QH,dis,ls kWh 0…∞ M3–1
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system for heating in the zone
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QC,dis,ls kWh 0…∞ M4–1
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system for cooling in the zone
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QW,dis,ls kWh 0…∞ M3–1
system for DHW in the zone
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Recoverable thermal loss of the Yes
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distribution system for heating in QH,dis,rbl kWh 0…∞ M3–1

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the zone
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distribution system for cooling in QC,dis,rbl kWh 0…∞ M4–1

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the zone
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distribution system for DHW in QW,dis,rbl kWh 0…∞ M3–1

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the zone
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Auxiliary energy for distribution Yes

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WH,dis kWh 0…∞ M3–1

system heating in the zone
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WC,dis kWh 0…∞ M4–1
system cooling in the zone
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WW,dis kWh 0…∞ M3–1

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system DHW in the zone

Recoverable auxiliary energy for Yes
distribution system heating in the QH,dis,rbl kWh 0…∞ M3–1
zone
distribution system cooling in the QC,dis,rbl kWh 0…∞ M4–1
zone
distribution system DHW in the QW,dis,rbl kWh 0…∞ M3–1
zone
Recovered auxiliary energy for Yes
distribution system heating in the QH,dis,rvd kWh 0…∞ M3–1
zone

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)

distribution system cooling in the QC,dis,rvd kWh 0…∞ M4–1
zone
distribution system DHW in the QW,dis,rvd kWh 0…∞ M3–1
zone
6.2 Calculation time steps
The methods described in paragraph 6 are suitable for the following calculation time steps:
— hourly
— monthly
— yearly
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For this method, the output time step is the same as the input time-step. This method does not take into
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account any dynamic effect.
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6.3 Input data
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6.3.1 Product technical data (quantitative)
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According to the EU-Regulations circulation pumps (wet running meter) are certified with an energy
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efficiency index EEI (see Table 5). The EEI-value is determined by a measurement procedure. If the EEI
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of a real pump is known it can be taken into account. Other circulation pumps are not included in this
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regulation.
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Table 5 - Product technical input data list

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Catalogue Computed Validity

Characteristics Symbol Ref. Varying
in
unit Unit interval

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Energy efficiency index EEI - 0…1 YES

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Default data are given in Annex B.

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6.3.2 Configuration and system design data

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6.3.2.1 Process design

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The input data of the process design are listed in Table 6:

Table 6 – Process design input data list
Process design
Tapping profile ntap 1/h
number of operations of circulation pump nnom 1/d
average hot water temperature in circulation system without operation ϑW,avg °C
resistance ratio of components in the piping system fcomp -
pressure loss per length RHCW,max kPa/m
pressure losses of additional resistances ∆pHCW ,add kPa
Length of pipes L m
Equivalent length of pipes (for valves, hangers etc.) Lequi m

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
6.3.2.2 Controls
This identifier (see Table 7) indicates how the pump is controlled.

Table 7 – Identifiers for pump control
Identifier Code Meaning
HEAT_DISTR_CTRL_PMP 0 Uncontrolled
HEAT_DISTR_CTRL_PMP 1 On-off mode
HEAT_DISTR_CTRL_PMP 2 Multi-stage-control
HEAT_DISTR_CTRL_PMP Variable Speed control based on ∆p -
3
constant
HEAT_DISTR_CTRL_PMP Variable Speed control based on ∆p -
4
variable
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In this standard it is distinguished only between the codes 0, 3 and 4 because codes 1 and 2 are dealing
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with the energy demand and not with the type of operation.
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This identifier (see Table 8) indicates how the pump is operating in intermittent control of emission
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and/or distribution
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Table 8 – Identifiers for pump control (intermittent)
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HEAT_DISTR_CTRL 0 No automatic control

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HEAT_DISTR_CTRL 1 Fixed time program

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HEAT_DISTR_CTRL 2 control with optimum start/stop

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HEAT_DISTR_CTRL 3 Control with demand evaluation

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In this standard it is distinguished only between the codes 0, 2 / 3. Code 1 is dealing with the energy
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demand.
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The values are corresponding to EN 15232.

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The identifier for pump selection in the design process (see Table 9) takes into account whether the
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pump is selected with its working point at the design point or not. Different from design point is also be
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used for existing pumps.

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Table 9 – Identifiers for pump selection

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PUMP_DISTR_SEL 1 When selection at design point
PUMP_DISTR_SEL When selection different from design
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point

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
6.3.3 Operating or boundary conditions
Required operating conditions data for this calculation procedure are listed in Table 10.
Table 10 - Operating conditions data list
Origin
Name Symbol Unit Range Varying
Module
Operating conditions
Input temperature of the heating
ϑH,in °C 0..110 M3–5 YES
circuit
Flowrate in the heating circuit VH m3/h 0…∞ YES
Mean part load of heating circuit βH,dis - 0..1 YES

Input temperature of the cooling
ϑC,in °C 0..110 M4–5 YES
circuit
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Flowrate in the cooling circuit m3/h 0…∞ YES
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Mean part load of cooling circuit βC,dis - 0..1 YES
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Temperature of DHW ϑW °C 30..70 M8–1 YES
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Temperature difference between
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hot water tapping temperature to

ΔϑW
en
°C 1…20 YES
the return temperature in a
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circulation loop system

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Flowrate in the DHW circulation

VW
at
m3/h 0…∞ YES

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calculation interval tci h 1…8760 M1–9 YES

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total time operation top h 0…8760 M1–6 YES

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Surrounding zone temperature in

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ϑah,H
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the calculation interval at heating °C −40…+40 M2–2 YES

period
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the calculation interval at cooling ϑah,C °C −40…+40 M2–2 YES

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period
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the calculation interval at DHW ϑamb,W °C −40…+40 M2–2 YES
period
operation time of the distribution
THCW,op h 0..8760 M2–2 YES
system

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
6.3.4 Constants and physical data
Table 11 indicates constants and physical data.

Table 11 – Constants and physical data
Name Symbol Unit Value
(specific heat ∙ density) of water cw∙ρw kWh/(m3·K) 1,15
Specific heat of water cw kWh/(kg∙K) 1,163⋅10−3
Density of water ρw kg/m3 990
6.4 Calculation procedure
6.4.1 Applicable time step
The procedure can be used with the following time steps:
8
-0
— hourly;
12
6-
— monthly;
2 01
— yearly.
st
m
The bin-method can also be used because in this method only identical time steps are summarized.
ko
en
No dynamic effects are explicitly taken into account because there are no significant time constants.
je
bi
This procedure is not suitable for dynamic simulations.

ie
6.4.2 Operating conditions calculation

at
r m
6.4.3 Heat loss calculation

fo
in
de
The heat loss calculation of a distribution system is based on the mean water supply temperature, the
surrounding temperature in a space, the thermal transmittance of the pipes, the length of the pipes and
or
vo
the operation time.

T
The mean water temperature in the distribution systems ϑX,mean for space heating and space cooling is
EP
given by:
C
N
ϑHC ,in + ϑHC ,out

O
ϑHC,mean =
C
2 [°C] (1)
where
ϑHC,mean [°C] mean water temperature in the distribution system at time
step
ϑHC,in [°C] input water temperature in the emission system at time
step
ϑHC,out [°C]
output water temperature in the emission system at time
step
The mean water temperature in the distribution system θW,mean for DHW is given by:
∆ϑW
ϑW,mean
= ϑW −
2 [°C] (2)

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
where
ϑW [°C] hot water temperature at time step
∆ϑW [°C]
temperature difference between hot water tapping
temperature to the return temperature in a circulation
loop system at time stepawhile
The linear thermal transmittance Ψ for insulated pipes in air with a total heat transfer coefficient
including convection and radiation at the outside is given by:
π
Ψ=
 1 d 1 
 ⋅ ln a + 
 2 ⋅ lD di ha ⋅ d a 
[W/m∙K] (3)
where
8
di, da [m] the inner diameter (without insulation) and outer
-0
diameter (with insulation) of the pipe
12
6-
ha [W/(m2K] outer total surface coefficient of heat transfer (convection
01
and radiation) (see Annex B)
2
st
λD [W/mK] thermal conductivity of insulation m
For embedded pipes the linear thermal transmittance Ψem is given by:
ko
en
π
Ψ em =
je
1 1 da 1 4⋅ z 
bi
 l ⋅ ln d + ⋅ ln
ie
2 D lem d a 
at
i
[W/m∙K] (4)
m
r
fo
where
in
de
z [m] the depth of pipe from surface

or
λem [W/(mK] thermal conductivity of embedded material

vo
For non-insulated pipes the linear thermal transmittance Ψnon is given by:
T
EP
p
C
Ψ non =
d
N
1 1
⋅ ln p ,a +
O
2 ⋅ lP d p ,i ha ⋅ d p ,a
C
[W/m∙K] (5)
where
dp,i, dp,a [m] the inner and outer diameter of the pipe
λP [W/mK] thermal conductivity of the pipe material
As an approximation the linear thermal transmittance Ψnon is given by:
Ψ non = ha ⋅ p ⋅ d p ,a
[W/m∙K] (6)
The thermal loss for a distribution system QX,dis,ls for space heating, space cooling and DHW with a
circulation loop in a zone during operation time is given by:

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
t HCW ,op
1
QHCW ,dis ,ls
=
1000
∑ ∑Ψ ⋅ (ϑ
0 j
j HCW , mean − ϑHCW ,amb , j ) ⋅ ( L + Lequi ) ⋅ tci
j
[kWh] (7)
where
j [-] index for zone (unconditioned or conditioned)
ϑHCW,amb,j [°C] surrounding temperature in the zone at time step
L [m] length of the pipe in the zone (unconditioned or
conditioned)
Lequi [m] equivalent length of pipe in the zone (unconditioned or
conditioned) for valves, hangers etc.
tci [h] calculation time step
tHCW,op [h]
total operation time for space heating, space cooling and
8
circulation loop of DHW
-0
12
The additional thermal loss for distribution pipes with open circuited stubs QW,dis,stub per time step
6-
during operation (tapping) is given by:
01
m W ,dis , stub ⋅ cw ⋅ (ϑW − ϑW ,amb , j ) ⋅ tci
2
QW ,dis ,=
ls , stub
st
[kWh] m (8)
ko
where
en
je
cW [kWh/kgK] specific heat of water

bi
ie
mW,dis,stub [kg/h]
mass flow of hot water in open circuited stubs per time
at
step
rm
The mass flow of hot water in open circuited stubs mw,dis,stub during operation (tapping) is given by:
fo
in
m W ,dis , stub
= ∑V ⋅ ρW ⋅ ntap , j
de
stub j
j
[kg/h] (9)
or
vo
where
T
EP
V [m3] Volume of pipes in open circuited stubs per zone

C
N
ρW [kg/m3] density of water

O
C
ntap,j [1/h] number of tapings per zone and time step

The thermal loss in circulation systems without operation Qw,dis,nom is calculated according to
Formula (7) where the mean water temperature at operation time is substituted by the average hot
water temperature ϑW,avg in the circulation system without operation at time step.
t
1 W ,op
Q
=W , dis , nom ∑∑Ψ j ⋅ (ϑW ,avg − ϑW ,amb, j ) ⋅ ( L + Lequi ) j ⋅ tci
1000 0 j
[kWh] (10)
where
ϑW,avg [°C]
average hot water temperature in circulation system
without operation at time step
The hot water temperature after a tapping during a time without operation ϑW,dis,atap is given by:
ϑW ,dis ,atap ,i =ϑW ,ah , j + (ϑW avg ,begin − ϑW ,amb , j ) ⋅ e −C i
[°C] (11)
FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
where
Ci [-] Exponent in pipe section i (see Formula 13)
The exponent Ci for the calculation of the temperature drop after a tapping is given by:
qi ⋅ Li tatap
Ci ⋅
cW ⋅ ρW ⋅ Vi + c p ⋅ m p ,i (ϑW − ϑW ,amb ,i )
(12)
where
V [m3] Volume of pipes in section i
cP [kg/m3] specific heat of pipe
mP [kg] mass of pipe in section i
tatap [h] time after a tapping before next tapping (1 h)
8
qi [W/m] heat flow rate per length (see Formula 14)
-0
12
qi =Ψ i ⋅ (ϑW − ϑW ,amb , j )
6-
[W/m] (13)
201
This method can be used if the time after next tapping is known in the tapping profile. Then the mean
hot water temperature ϑW,avg in Formula (10) is given by:
st
m
ko
ϑW avg ,begin + ϑW ,dis ,atap

en
ϑW ,avg =
2
je
[°C] (14)
bi
ie
awhileAs simplified method to calculate the thermal loss for distribution systems without circulation
at
m
and also for pipes with open circuited stubs (section SL of the network - see Annex C) is given by
r
Formula (7) where the mean temperature ϑW,mean is given by:

fo
in
ϑW ,mean= 25 ⋅ Ψ −0,2
de
[°C] (15)
or
vo
This simplified method can be used if the calculation is based on an hourly time step.
T
The total thermal loss in a DHW distribution system with circulation is given by:
EP
C
− Heat loss of circulation system during operation QW,dis,ls + heat loss of circulation system without
N
operation Qw,dis,nom + thermal loss for distribution pipes with open circuited stubs QW,dis,stub
O
C
QW ,dis ,ls ,total =QW ,dis ,ls + QW ,dis ,nom + QW ,dis , stub
[kWh] (16)
6.4.4 Recoverable energy
The recoverable thermal loss of distribution systems for space heating, space cooling and DHW
QHCW,dis,rbl in the zone is given by Formulae (7,8,10 under the boundary condition that the pipes with
length Lj are located in conditioned spaces. Therefore the recoverable thermal loss as a part fHCW,dis,rbl of
the total losses is given as:
QHCW ,dis ,ls ,conditionedspace
f HCW .dis ,rbl =
QHCW ,dis ,ls ,total
[kWh] (17)
QHW ,dis ,rbl

= f HCW _ dis _ rbl ⋅ QHW ,dis ,ls ,total
[kWh] (18)

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
QC ,dis ,rbl =
− f HCW _ dis _ rbl ⋅ QC ,dis ,ls ,total
[kWh] (19)
6.4.5 Auxiliary energy calculation
The Auxiliary energy demand of distribution systems is based on the hydraulic design power of the
circulation pump, the differential pressure of the pipe system in a zone at design point, the flow at
design point, the expenditure energy factor of the circulation pump at operation point and the
operation time.
The hydraulic design power of a circulation pump PHCW,hydr,des is given by:
∆pHCW ,des ⋅ VHCW ,des
PHCW ,hydr ,des =
3600 [kW] (20)
where
∆pHCW ,des [kPa] differential pressure (delivery height) in a circuit (piping
8
-0
system) at design point
12
VHCW ,des
6-
[m3/h] flow at design point
01
The differential pressure of a pipe system ∆pHCW ,des in a circiut (piping system) is given by:
2
st
m
∆pHCW ,des= (1 + f ) ⋅ R ⋅ Lmax + ∆pHCW ,add
ko
comp HCW ,max
[kPa] (21)
en
je
where
bi
ie
fcomp [-] resistance ratio of components in the piping system (see

at
m
Annex B)
r
fo
RHCW,max [kPa/m] pressure loss per length (see Annex B)

in
de
Lmax [m] maximum length of the circuit

or
∆pHCW ,add [kPa] pressure losses of additional resistances (see Annex B)

vo
T
The hydraulic energy demand WHCW,dis,hydr,an is given by:

EP
WHCW ,dis ,hydr ,an= PHCW ,hydr ,des ⋅ β HCW ,dis ⋅ t HCW ,op ,an ⋅ f HCW ,corr
C
[kWh] (22)
N
O
C
where
ßHCW,dis [-] part load of the distribution system
tHCW,op,an [h] operation time of the distribution system
fHCW,corr [-]
correction factor for special design conditions of the
distribution system (see Annex B)
The auxiliary energy demand WHCW,dis,an is given by:
WHCW ,dis ,an WHCW ,dis ,hydr ,an ⋅ ε HCW ,dis
=
[kWh] (23)
where
εHCW,dis [-] expenditure energy factor of the distribution pump
The expenditure energy factor of distribution pumps εHCW,dis is given by:

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
EEI
e HCW ,dis= f HCW ,e ⋅ ( CP1 + CP 2 ⋅ β HCW ,dis −1 ) ⋅
0, 25 [-] (24)
where
fHCW,e [-] factor for efficiency
CP1 [-] constant depending on control system of the pump – (see
Annex B)
CP2 [-] constant depending on control system of the pump – (see
Annex B)
EEI [-] energy efficiency index – (see Annex B)
The factor for efficiency fHCW,e in general is given by:
PHCW ,ref
f HCW ,e =
8
PHCW ,hydr ,des
-0
[-] (25)
12
6-
where
2 01
PHCW,ref [-] reference power of the pump
For circulation pumps (wet running meter) with hydraulic power 0,001 < PHC,hydr,des < 2,5 kW the st
m
ko
reference power is according to EU-Regulation Nr. 622/2012 given by:
en
PHC ,ref = (1, 7 ⋅ P (

+ 17 ⋅ 1 − e
−0,3⋅ PHC ,hydr ,des
)) ⋅10 −3
je
HC , hydr , des
bi
[kW] (26)
ie
at
For all other pumps EEI in Formula (23) shall be set to EEI = 0,25 and the factor for efficiency fHCW,e is
r m
then given by:

fo
in
  
0,5

de
1, 25 +  0.2 ⋅b

f HCW ,e = 
 PHCW ,hydr ,des
or
   
  [-]
vo
(27)
T
EP
where
C
N
b [-]factor for pump design selection (see identifier

O
PUMP_DISTR_SEL in Table 9)
C
For existing installations, it is approximately correct to use the power rating given on the label at the
pump for Pel , pmp (in case of non-controlled pumps with more than one speed level, Pel , pmp shall be taken
from the speed level at which the pump is operated). Then the factor for efficiency is given by:
Pel , pmp
f HCW ,e =
PHCW ,hydr ,des
[-] (28)
where
Pel,pmp [kW] power rating on the label at existing pump
(at speed
level of
pump
operation)

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
For intermittent operation of circulation pumps in space heating or space cooling systems there are
three different phases and the total is the sum of these parts.
— regular mode WHCW ,dis ,hydr ,an
— setback mode WHCW ,dis , setb
— boost period WHCW ,dis ,boost
For the setback operation the pump is operated at minimum speed. When the real efficiency in the
setback operation is not known the power is assumed to be constant 30 % of the electrical power at
design point and then the auxiliary energy demand WHCW,dis,setb, taking into account a mean pump
efficiency of 30 %, is given by:
W=
HCW , dis , setb PHCW ,hydr ,des ⋅ tci
[kWh] (29)
8
-0
For boost mode operation the power of the pump is the electrical power at design point. The auxiliary
12
energy demand WHCW,dis,boost, also taking a mean pump efficiency into account, is given by:
6-
01
WHCW ,dis ,boost =
3,3 ⋅ PHCW ,hydr ,des ⋅ tci
[kWh] (30)
2
st
m
When the real power of the circulation pump in the different modes is available the calculation should
ko
be use this data.
en
6.4.6 Auxiliary energy for ribbon heater

je
bi
ie
The auxiliary energy demand for a ribbon heater in DHW distribution systems WW,dis,rib is given by:
at
m
WW ,dis ,rib = QW ,dis ,ls

[kWh] (31)
r
fo
in
where
de
or
QW,dis.ls [kWh] calculated according to Formula (7), taking into account

vo
only the length of the hot water pipes

T
6.4.7 Recoverable and recovered auxiliary energy

EP
C
The recoverable auxiliary energy for distribution systems for space heating and DHW QHCW,dis,rbl as heat
N
O
flux to the zone is given by:

C
QHW ,=
dis , rbl f rbl ,dis ⋅ WHW ,dis
[kWh] (32)
where
frbl,dis [-]factor for recoverable auxiliary energy in distribution
systems (see Annex B)
In case of distribution systems for space cooling the heat flux to the zone is given by using the same
factor for recoverable energy but becomes negative, so that the energy demand in the conditioned space
is increased:
QC ,dis ,rbl =
− f rbl ,dis ⋅ WC ,dis
[kWh] (33)
The recovered auxiliary energy for distribution systems for space heating and DHW QHW,dis,rvd in the
zone as heat flux to the fluid is given by:

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
(1 − f rbl ,dis ) ⋅WHW ,dis,aux

QHW ,dis ,rvd =
[kWh] (34)
In case of distribution systems for space cooling the heat flux to fluid in the zone is given by using the
same factor for recoverable energy but becomes negative, so that the energy demand for cooling the
fluid increased:
QC ,dis ,rvd =− (1 − f rbl ,dis ) ⋅ WC ,dis

[kWh] (35)
7 Quality control
The calculation report shall include the values of the following data:
length of pipes in each section for heating, cooling and DHW LS, LV,LA
Thermal loss for heating, cooling and DHW QHCW,dis,ls
8
Auxiliary energy for heating cooling and DHW WHCW,dis
-0
12
thermal expenditure energy factor for heating, cooling and DHW εHCW,dis
6-
mean part load of mass flow for heating and cooling βHCW,dis
2 01
Hydraulic balancing of the circuit
st
m
8 Compliance check
ko
en
To check if the calculation procedure is applicable / was applied correctly to the installed system, check
je
bi
the following items:

ie
at
— Insulation of distribution pipes

m
r
fo
— Approximately length of installed pipes

in
de
— Control settings of the pumps compatible with calculation assumptions

or
vo
— Annual auxiliary energy consumption of distribution pumps

T
EP
— Supply and return temperatures in the circuits

C
N
O
C

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
Annex A
(informative)
Simplified input data correlations
A.1 General
In < country X > the following national tables shall be used as a replacement of corresponding default
tables in Annex B.
A.2 Input correlations to the length of pipes in zones (buildings)

A.2.1 Space heating and space cooling distribution systems
8
-0
Table A.1 - Two-Pipe-System
12
6-
Values Result Unit Section V Section S Section A
01
(from the generator (vertical shafts) (connection
2
to the shafts) pipes)
st
m
Mean surrounding θah,H,θah,C °C
ko
temperature
en
je
Pipe length in Li m
bi
case of shafts in
ie
outside walls
at
m
Pipe length in Li m
r
fo
case of shafts
in
inside the
de
building
or
Table A.2 - One-Pipe-System

vo
T
Values Result Unit Part V Part S Part A

EP

C
N

O
C
Pipe length in L m
case of shafts
inside of the
building
The maximum length Lmax from the generator to the most distant emission system is given by:
Lmax = [m] (A-1)

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
A.2.2 Domestic hot water distribution systems:
Table A.3 — Default values for calculation of thermal losses from DHW circulation loop and DHW
distribution pipes
Parameters Symbol Unit Section LV Section LS Section LA

Ambient
temperature
θah,W °C
outside the heating
period
Ambient
θah,W °C
temperature
Length of
L m —
circulation loop
Length of main
L m —
8
distribution pipe
-0
12
Length of individual
6-
branching pipe,
01
only for transfer
L m — —
2
into adjacent rooms
with a common
st
m
installation wall
ko
en
je
branching pipe, for L m — —

bi
all other cases

ie
at
The maximum length Lmax from the boiler or storage tank to the most distant tap is given by:
rm
Lmax = [m]
fo
(A-2)
in
de
A.2.3 Correlations of typical values of linear thermal transmittance:

or
vo
Table A.4 — Typical values of linear thermal transmittance

T
of pipes for new and existing buildings

EP
C
Ψ
N
[W/mK]
O
C
Age/class of building Section Lv Section LS Section LA

From 1995 – assumed that insulation
thickness is approximately equal to
the pipe external diameter
1980 to 1995 – assumed that
insulation thickness is approximately
equal to half of the pipe external
diameter
Up to 1980
Non-insulated pipes exposed

A ≤ 200 m2
200 m2 < A ≤ 500 m2

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
Ψ
[W/mK]
A > 500 m2
Non-insulated pipes installed in

total/usable a
external walls
External wall non-insulated
External wall with external insulation
External wall without insulation but
characterized by a low thermal
transmittance (U = 0,4 W/m2K)
a (total = total thermal losses of the pipe, usable = recoverable thermal losses).
When calculating the linear thermal transmittance an outer total surface coefficient of heat transfer
8
(convection and radiation) ha = … [W/(m2K] should be used.
-0
12
A.2.4 Correlations for pressure loss per length:
6-
01
Table A 5 - Pressure loss per length
2
st R
m
Pressure loss per length
ko
[kPa/m]
en
Standard networks in Buildings

je
bi
Networks in Buildings with swaged sockets

ie
at
District heating/cooling networks between

m
buildings
r
fo
in
de
or
A.2.5 Correlations for resistance ratio:

vo
T
f comp = for common networks

EP
C
N
f comp = for networks with many changes of direction

O
C
A.2.6 Correlations of additional resistances:
To take into account the resistances of components at the start and end of the network (i.e. emitter,
generator) the Δpadd can be taken from the following tables:

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
Table A 6 - Additional resistances
Δpadd
Type of resistance
[kPa]
Type of Emitter
Radiator
Floor heating system
Heat meter
Type of heat generator

Generator with water content > 0,15 l/kW
8
Φ H ,out ,max < 35kW
-0
Generator with
12
water
Φ H ,out ,max ≥ 35kW
6-
content ≤ 0,15 l/kW
01
A.2.7 Correlations correction factor of the distribution system:
2
st
m
The most influence of a correction factor has the hydraulic balance. But in special cases the factor for
ko
the hydraulic balance can by multiplied with a special factor.

en
f HCW ,corr
= f HB ⋅ f special
je
bi
ie
Table A.7
at
rm
Factor for hydraulic balance of the network fHB

fo
in
Balanced
de
Not balanced
or
vo
fspecial =
T
EP
A.2.8 Correlations factor for recoverable auxiliary energy:

C
N
Table A 8 - Factor for recoverable auxiliary energy

O
C
Factor for recoverable auxiliary energy faux,rbl

Pump with insulation
Pump without insulation

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
Annex B
(informative)
Simplified input data correlations
B.1 General
In all basic equations for thermal distribution losses the length of pipes in the individual section i are
required. If this length is not known during the design process or measurement in existing buildings an
approximation depending on the size of the zone (building), the type of network and the section is given
in C.1.
B.2 Input correlations to the length of pipes in zones (buildings)
8
-0
B.2.1 Introduction
12
6-
Losses of distribution subsystems are calculated summing the losses of each homogeneous section
01
according to the specific equations. This annex identifies:
2
— types of distribution networks; st
m
ko
en
— sections of the distribution networks type;

je
bi
— correlations to get the input data of the length of pipes for each section and type of distribution
ie
network
at
rm
B.2.2 Network for space heating and space cooling systems

fo
in
B.2.2.1 Sections
de
or
A typically network, shown in Figure B.1 is divided in the following sections:

vo
T
— A connection of radiators to vertical shafts

EP
C
— S vertical shafts
N
O
C
— V base distributor/collector

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
8
-0
12
Key
6-
01
1 Section A
2
2 Section S
st
m
3 Section V
ko
en
A LL
je
B LW
bi
ie
C Hfl
at
rm
Figure B.1 – Typically network of space heating and space cooling systems
fo
in
de
B.2.2.2 Input data to the correlation

or
vo
Input data to the correlation (see Figure B-1):

T
EP
— LL [m] length of the building

C
N
— LW [m] width of the building

O
C
— Hfl [m] floor height
— Nlev [-] number of floors (levels)
B.2.2.3 Correlations
For a block building the length of the pipes for each section is given by the following correlation tables.
If the building has more than one zone, the length, width, floor height and number of floors should take
into account. In this table are also included the correlations for surrounding temperatures in each
section.

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
Table B.1 - Two-Pipe-System

Values Result Unit Section V Section S Section A
Mean surrounding θah,H,θah,C °C 13 respectively 20 20 20
temperature
Pipe length in Li m 2 · L L+ 0,025 · LL · LW · Hlev · Nlev 0,55 · LL · LW ·
case of shafts in 0,01625 · LL · LW2 Nlev
outside walls
Pipe length in Li m 2 · L L+ 0,025 · LL · LW · Hlev · Nlev 0,55 · LL · LW ·
case of shafts 0,0325 · LL · LW + 6 Nlev
inside the
building
Table B.2 - One-Pipe-System
8
-0
12
Values Result Unit Part V Part S Part A
6-
01
2
Pipe length in L m 2 · L L+ 0,025 · LL · LW · Hlev · 0,1 · LL · LW · Nlev
st
case of shafts
m
0,0325 · LL · LW + 6 Nlev + 2 · (LL + LW) · Nlev
ko
inside of the
en
building
je
The maximum length Lmax from the generator to the most distant emission system is given by:
bi
ie
 L 
at
Lmax =⋅
2  LL + W + N lev ⋅ H lev + lc 
m
 2  [m] (B.1)
r
fo
in
where
de
or
lc [m] 10 m for two-pipe distribution systems

vo
LL + LW for one-pipe distribution systems

T
EP
B.2.2.4 Boundary conditions

C
N
O
Correlations (Table B-1, Table B-2 and Formula B.1) are valid if the shape of the building is rectangular.
C
For the following shapes length and width are measured according to schemes in Figure B.2 .

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
Key
1 LW
8
2 LL
-0
12
Figure B.2 – Use of correlations Tables B-2, B-2 and Formula (B-1) with special building shape
6-
2 01
For other shapes, correlations cannot be used and the length of the pipes shall be determined
specifically. st
m
ko
B.2.3 Network for domestic hot water systems

en
je
B.2.3.1 Sections
bi
ie
at
This type of network, shown in Figure B.3 is divided in the following sections:
rm
— A connection of outlets to vertical shafts

fo
in
de
or
vo
T
EP
C
N
O
C

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
8
Key
-0
12
1 Section A
6-
2 Section S
2 01
3 Section V
A LL
st
m
ko
B LW
en
C Hfl
je
bi
ie
Figure B.3 – Typically network for domestic hot water systems

at
rm
fo

in
de
Input data to the correlation (see Figure B.3):

or
vo
— LL [m] length of the building

T
— LW [m] width of the building

EP
C
— Hfl [m] floor height

N
O
— Nlev [-] number of floors (levels)

C
For a block building the length of the pipes for each section is given by the following correlation table. In
this table are also included the correlations for surrounding temperatures in each section.

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
Table B.3 — Default values for calculation of thermal losses

from DHW circulation loop and DHW distribution pipes
Parameters Symbol Unit Section LV Section LS Section LA

Ambient
temperature
θah,W °C 22 °C
outside the heating
period
13 °C in an unheated
Ambient
θah,W °C space and 20 °C in a 20 °C in a heated space
temperature
heated space
Length of
L m 2∙LL+ 0,012 5∙LL∙LW 0,075∙LL∙LW∙Nlev∙Hfl —
circulation loop
Length of main
L m LL+ 0,0625∙LL∙LW 0,038∙LL∙Lw∙Nlev∙Hfl —
distribution pipe
8
-0
12
branching pipe,
6-
only for transfer
L m — — 0,05∙LL∙LW∙Nlev
01
into adjacent rooms
2
with a common
st
installation wall m
ko
en
branching pipe, for L m — — 0,075∙LL∙LW∙Nlev

je
all other cases

bi
The maximum length Lmax from the boiler or storage tank to the most distant tap is given by:
ie
at
Lmax =2 ⋅ LL + 2.5 + N lev ⋅ H fl

m
[m] (B-2)
r
fo
in
B.2.3.4 Boundary conditions

de
or
Correlations (Table B-3 and Formula B.2) are valid if the shape of the building is rectangular.
vo
For the following shapes length and width are measured according to schemes in Figure B.2.
T
EP
For other shapes, correlations cannot be used and the length of the pipes shall be determined
C
specifically.
N
O
C
B.3 Input correlations to linear thermal transmittance of pipes in zones

(buildings)
B.3.1 Introduction
Losses of distribution subsystems are calculated summing the losses of each homogeneous section
according to the specific equations. This annex identifies:
— Typical values of linear thermal transmittance of pipes in each section
B.3.2 Network for space heating, space cooling and domestic hot water systems
B.3.2.1 Sections
The type of network, shown in Figure B.1 and Figure B.3 is divided in the following sections:
— A connection of radiators to vertical shafts

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
There are no special input data required.

For each section of the network default values for the linear thermal transmittance of pipes are given in
Table B 4 depending on the age or the class of the building.
Table B.4 — Typical values of linear thermal transmittance
of pipes for new and existing buildings
Ψ
[W/mK]
8
-0
Age/class of building Section Lv Section LS Section LA
12
6-
From 1995 – assumed that
01
insulation thickness is
2
0,2 0,3 0,3
approximately equal to the pipe
st
external diameter
m
ko
1980 to 1995 – assumed that

en
insulation thickness is
je
0,3 0,4 0,4

bi
approximately equal to half of the

ie
pipe external diameter

at
m
Up to 1980 0,4 0,4 0,4

r
fo
in
de
Non-insulated pipes exposed

or
vo
A ≤ 200 m2 1,0 1,0 1,0

T
200 m2 < A ≤ 500 m2 2,0 2,0 2,0

EP
C
A > 500 m2 3,0 3,0 3,0

N
O
C
Non-insulated pipes installed in

total/usable a
external walls
External wall non-insulated 1,35 / 0,80
External wall with external
1,00 / 0,90
insulation
External wall without insulation
but characterized by a low
0,75 / 0,55
thermal transmittance
(U = 0,4 W/m K)
2
a (total = total thermal losses of the pipe, usable = recoverable thermal losses).
When calculating the linear thermal transmittance an outer total surface coefficient of heat transfer
(convection and radiation) ha = 8 [W/(m2K] is mostly used.

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
B.4 Input correlations to constants for distribution pumps

B.4.1 Introduction
The calculation of the auxiliary energy of distribution pumps is depending on the expenditure energy
factor of distribution pumps εX,dis. The influence of the control system is characterized by constants
based on a unique efficiency curve of pumps.
B.4.2 Constants for the calculation of the expenditure energy factor of distribution
pumps
The constants are given in the following tables corresponding to the identifier HEAT_DISTR_CTRL_PMP.
Table B.5 - Constants CP1 and CP2 for space heating distribution pumps
Pump control CP1 CP2

HEAT_DISTR_CTRL_PMP
8
-0
0 = uncontrolled 0,25 0,75
12
Δpconst 0,75 0,25
6-
3=
01
Δpvariable 0,90 0,10
2
4=
st
m
Table B.6 - Constants CP1 and CP2 for space cooling distribution pumps
ko
en

je
bi
HEAT_DISTR_CTRL_PMP
ie
at

rm
fo
3 = controlled 0,85 0,15

in
Table B.7 - Constants CP1 and CP2 for DHW distribution circulation pumps
de
or

vo
HEAT_DISTR_CTRL_PMP
T
EP

C
N
3 = controlled 0,50 0,63

O
C
B.5 Input correlations to additional resistances and resistance ratio

B.5.1 Introduction
The calculation of the auxiliary energy of distribution pumps is depending on the differential pressure
of a pipe system ΔpHCW ,des . The additional resistances can be calculated by a simplified method taking
into account a resistance ratio or by adding additional typical resistances.

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
B.5.2 Network for space heating, space cooling and domestic hot water systems
B.5.2.1 Correlations for pressure loss per length
Table B.8 - Pressure loss per length
R
Pressure loss per length
[kPa/m]
Standard networks in Buildings 0,10
Networks in Buildings with swaged sockets 0,15
District heating/cooling networks between
0,20
buildings
B.5.2.2 Correlations for resistance ratio
8
To take into account all the resistances of components within the network (i.e. valves, flanges, fittings)
-0
the factor fcomp can be set depending on network design. A common assumption is given by:
12
6-
f comp = 0,3 for common networks
2 01
f comp = 0, 4 for networks with many changes of direction
st
m
ko
B.5.2.3 Correlations additional resistances

en
je
To take into account the resistances of components at the start and end of the network (i.e. emitter,
bi
ie
generator) the Δpadd can be taken from the following tables:

at
m
Table B.9 - Additional resistances

r
fo
in
Δpadd
de
Type of resistance
[kPa]
or
vo
Type of Emitter
T
EP
Radiator 2
C
Floor heating system 4,5

N
O
Heat meter 10,0

C
Type of heat generator

Generator with water content > 0,15 l/kW 1
20 ⋅ (Vdes )
2
Generator with Φ H ,out ,max < 35kW
water
content ≤ 0,15 l/kW Φ H ,out ,max ≥ 35kW 80
B.5.2.4 Correlations correction factor of the distribution system
The most influence of a correction factor has the hydraulic balance. But in special cases the factor for
the hydraulic balance can by multiplied with a special factor.
f HCW ,corr
= f HB ⋅ f special

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
Table B.10 - Factor for hydraulic balance
Factor for hydraulic balance of the

faux,rbl
network
Balanced 1,00
Not balanced 1,15
fspecial = 1
B.6 Input correlations factor for recoverable auxiliary energy

Table B.11 - Factor for recoverable auxiliary energy
Factor for recoverable auxiliary energy faux,rbl

Pump with insulation 0,10
8
Pump without insulation 0,25
-0
12
6-
2 01
st
m
ko
en
je
bi
ie
at
rm
fo
in
de
or
vo
T
EP
C
N
O
C

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
Annex C
(informative)
Input data
C.1 Energy efficiency index of real water-pumps

C.1.1 Product description data
The energy efficiency index EEI is given by real pumps according to the EU regulation Nr. 622/2012.
C.1.2 Product technical data
A standard value for distribution pumps in heating circuits is according to the EU regulation Nr.
8
622/2012:
-0
12
EEI = 0,23
6-
2 01
st
m
ko
en
je
bi
ie
at
rm
fo
in
de
or
vo
T
EP
C
N
O
C

FprEN 15316-3:2016 (E)
Bibliography
[1] FprCEN/TR 15316-6-3:2016 Energy performance of buildings – Method for calculation of system
energy requirements and system efficiencies – Part 6-3 Explanation and justification of EN 15316-3,
Module M3-6, M4-6, M8-6
[2] CEN/TS 16628, Technical Specifications on Basic Principles
[3] CEN/TS 16629, Technical Specification on Detailed Technical Rules
[4] prEN 15316-1:2014, Energy performance of buildings, modules M3-1, M3-4, M8-1,M8-4 - Heating
and DHW systems in building – Part 1: General and Energy performance expression
8
-0
12
6-
2 01
st
m
ko
en
je
bi
ie
at
rm
fo
in
de
or
vo
T
EP
C
N
O
C


European Standard Norme Européenne Europäische Norm: Final Draft Fpren 15316-3

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EUROPEAN STANDARD FINAL DRAFT

NORME EUROPÉENNE FprEN 15316-3

ICS 91.140.10; 91.140.30; 91.140.65 Will supersede EN 15316-2-3:2007, EN 15316-3-

Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation

Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

aware and to provide supporting documentation.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

6.4 Calculation procedure ................................................................................................................................ 15

6.4.2 Operating conditions calculation ........................................................................................................... 15

6.4.3 Heat loss calculation ................................................................................................................................... 15

6.4.4 Recoverable energy ..................................................................................................................................... 18

6.4.5 Auxiliary energy calculation .................................................................................................................... 19

6.4.6 Auxiliary energy for ribbon heater........................................................................................................ 21

6.4.7 Recoverable and recovered auxiliary energy .................................................................................... 21

7 Quality control .............................................................................................................................................. 22

Annex A (informative) Simplified input data correlations ........................................................................ 23

A.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 23

A.2 Input correlations to the length of pipes in zones (buildings) .................................................... 23

Licensed to: Klaris-Kwint, Karin Mrs

B.2 Input correlations to the length of pipes in zones (buildings) ..................................................... 27

B.3.2.2 Input data to the correlation .................................................................................................................... 33

B.3.2.3 Correlations .................................................................................................................................................... 33

B.4 Input correlations to constants for distribution pumps ................................................................ 34

B.5 Input correlations to additional resistances and resistance ratio ............................................. 34

B.5.2.1 Correlations for pressure loss per length ............................................................................................ 35

B.5.2.2 Correlations for resistance ratio ............................................................................................................. 35

B.5.2.3 Correlations additional resistances ....................................................................................................... 35

Licensed to: Klaris-Kwint, Karin Mrs

This document is currently submitted to the Formal Vote.

This document will supersede EN 15316-2-3:2007 and EN 15316-3-2:2007.

Licensed to: Klaris-Kwint, Karin Mrs

space cooling systems.

the heat flux as well as for the auxiliary energy of pumps.

The standard was updated to cover hourly/monthly/yearly time-step.

- the regulators will specify the choices;

Licensed to: Klaris-Kwint, Karin Mrs

Licensed to: Klaris-Kwint, Karin Mrs

Overarching Technical Building Systems

Domestic Hot water

sub M1 sub sub M M M M M1

1 General 1 General 1 General

Licensed to: Klaris-Kwint, Karin Mrs

Ways to Ways to Ways to

Combusti 1531 1531

on boilers 6–4-1 6–4-1

Heat 1531 1531 1531

pumps 6–4-2 6–4-2 6–4-2

solar 1531 1531 31

Licensed to: Klaris-Kwint, Karin Mrs

3 Terms and definitions

Licensed to: Klaris-Kwint, Karin Mrs

4 Symbols and abbreviations

Symbol Name of quantity Unit

boost Boost heating dis Distribution WX,dis Operation mode

setb Setback mode dis Distribution WX,dis Operation mode

nom nominal heat loss dis Distribution Qw,dis,nom

stub open circuited stubs dis Distribution QW,dis,stub

5 General description of the method - Output of the method

This method covers the calculation of

− auxiliary energy demand of distribution systems;

Licensed to: Klaris-Kwint, Karin Mrs

6 Calculation of heat losses and auxiliary energy of distribution systems