JNTUA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

KALIKIRI
DEPARTMENT OF ECE

AMBIENT SENSITIVE HOME AUTOMATION AND

SECURITY
SYSTEM
PROJECT TEAM:
PROJECT GUIDE;
Y.GAYATHRI 16KA1A0443
Mr.T.DURGA RAO M.Tech
M.SHADHIQ HUSSAIN 16KA1A0452
Assistant Professor(Adhoc)
G.GOWTHAMI 16KA1A0402
K.SRIKANTH 16KA1A0409
K.SHIVA KUMAR 16KA1A0420
Contents
Abstract
➢

Project overview
➢

Existing System
➢

Proposed System
➢

Block Diagram
➢

Hardware used
➢

Software used
➢

Applications
➢

Conclusion
➢

References
➢
Abstract

➢ Day by day, there are different types of intelligent systems are introduced with the
improvement in technology. Everything is getting more intelligible and stylish.We need
to save or conserve energy because most of the energy sources we depend on,like coal
And natural gas can’t be replaced.

➢ The main aim of the project is to reduce the power consumption.

➢ This project proposes automatic fan speed control based on the room temperature and
also includes bulb brightness control based on the light intensity.

➢ It also includes GSM based fire alert system.

Project Overview

➢The fans are generally available with speed control, depending on the requirement the speed
is set. Usually, when the temperature is high the fan set at high speed and at lower
temperatures the fan is operated with lower speed. This is done manually by human.
In this project, an automatic controlling is suggested to control the fan.

➢This project also included an automatic Light brightness control based on the LDR
sensor.The LDR sensor sense the intensity of light,based on that ac bulb brightness can be
controlled.It also includes GSM based fire alert system.When Fire accidents occurs in
homes,the gas sensor sense the fire and sends an SMS to the Owner/Fire station.
Existing System

➢ Current fan is not able to display room temperature and humidity. It also cannot run
automatically on a specified time or room temperature. Therefore we should consider a
system that can overcome these weaknesses.

➢ The man-made light sources have only two modes of operation that is switch on and
switch off there is no intermediate level that can be set according to the surrounding
lighting condition and at the end everything needs to be controlled manually.

➢ When there is a fire accidents occurs in homes, we don’t have any system to send sms to
the owner/fire station.
Proposed System

➢ Overcomes the drawbacks of the existing system.

➢ Automatric fan speed control based on room temperature.

➢ Automatic Ac bulb brightness control based on light intensity.

➢ GSM based fire alert system to send sms to the owner/fire station.
Block Diagram
Hardware Used
➢ Arduino UNO
➢ Power supply
➢ LM35 Temperature sensor
➢ LDR sensor
➢ Gas Sensor
➢ LCD
➢ BTA41 TRIAC
➢ MOC3021(Opto-coupler)
➢ GSM Module
➢ Buzzer
Arduino Uno
➢ Arduino is a single board microcontroller.
➢ This is very user friendly.
➢ The arduino is open source.
➢ The code is directly loaded from computer.
➢ Intended to make the application of interactive objects and environment more easier.
➢ Which means hardware is reasonably priced and development of software is free.
Power Supply
➢ The power supply section is the important one. It should deliver constant output
regulated power supply for successful working of the project.
➢ A 0-12V/1A transformer is used for this purpose. The primary of this transformer is
connected in to main supply through on/off switch& fuse for protecting from overload
and short circuit protection.
➢ The secondary is connected to the diodes to convert 12V AC to 12V DC voltage. And
filtered by the capacitors ,Which is further regulated to +5v, by using IC 78L05.
Power Supply Components
➢ Step down 12V Transformer
➢ Bridge Rectifier
➢ Capacitors
➢ 78L05 voltage regulator

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

T1 D1
BRIDGE 78L05
IN OUT 5V
230V
2.2k
AC + COM
1000uF LED1
LM 35 Temperature Sensor

➢ LM 35 Digital sensor has 3 pins i.e vcc,output and ground pins. when LM 35 is
heated the voltage at the output pin increases.
➢ Calibrated Directly in Celsius(Centigrade).
➢ Rated for full -55 to +150 C Range.
➢ Suitable for Remote applications.
➢ Low cost.
➢ Operating voltage 4 to 30V.
➢ Less than 60 mA current drain.
LDR
➢ Photo resistors, also known as light dependent resistors (LDR), are light sensitive devices
most often used to indicate the presence or absence of light, or to measure the light intensity.
In the dark, their resistance is very high, sometimes up to 1MΩ, but when the LDR sensor is
exposed to light, the resistance drops dramatically, even down to a few ohms, depending on
the light intensity.
➢ LDRs have a sensitivity that varies with the wavelength of the light applied.
➢ Light dependent resistors have a lower sensitivity than photo diodes and photo transistors.
➢ Another interesting property of photo resistors is that there is time latency between changes
in illumination and changes in resistance.
Gas Sensor

➢ Sensitive material of MQ-4 gas sensor is SnO2, which with lower conductivity in
cleanair. When the target combustible gas exist the sensors conductivity increases higher along
with the gas concentration rising.
➢ High sensitivity to Combustible gas in wide range.
➢ High sensitivity to Natural gas Methane, Coal gas, CO etc gas.
➢ Fast response.
➢ Wide detection range.
➢ Stable performance, long life, low cost.
➢
LCD
➢ Operating Voltage is 4.7V to 5.3V.
➢ Current consumption is 1mA without backlight.
➢ Alphanumeric LCD display module, meaning can display alphabets and
numbers.
➢ Consists of two rows and each row can print 16 characters.
➢ Each character is build by a 5×8 pixel box.
➢ Can work on both 8-bit and 4-bit mode.
➢ It can also display any custom generated characters.
➢ Available in Green and Blue Backlight.
LCD Pinout
BTA41 Triac
➢ Direct triggering from low power drivers and logic ICs.
➢ High blocking voltage capability.
➢ Low holding current for low current loads and lowest EMI at commutation.
➢ Low thermal resistance with clip bonding.
➢ Sensitive gate.
MOC3021(opto coupler)
➢ Opto-couplers are made up of LED and a light sensitive device, all wrapped
up in one package.
➢ No electrical connection between the two devices.
➢ The light sensitive devices may be a Photo diode, Phototransistor or more
esoteric devices such as thyristors,triacs etc.
GSM Module
➢ Whether you want to listen to what happens in your house that’s miles away from you or
activate sprinkler system in your garden just with a silent call.Then SIM800L GSM/GPRS
module serves as a solid launching point for you to get you started with IoT!
➢ The heart of the module is a SIM800L GSM cellular chip from SimCom.The operating
voltage of the chip is from 3.4V to 4.4V.
➢ Supports Quad-band: GSM850, EGSM900, DCS1800 and PCS1900.
➢ Connect onto any global GSM network with any 2G SIM.
➢ Send and receive SMS messages.
➢ Send and receive GPRS data.
➢ Serial-based AT Command Set.
➢ Accepts Micro SIM Card.
Buzzer

➢ Operating voltage: 4-8v dc

➢ Rated current: <30mA

➢ Sound Type: continuous Beep

➢ Resonant Frequency: 2300Hz

➢ Small and neat sealed package

➢ Breadboard and perf board friendly

Software Used

Development Tool:
Keil micro vision
Language:
Embedded C
Applications
➢ Human mostly demands something that easily to be used without wasting energy. To
minimize or reduce the power usage, this project developed an Automatic fan system
where speed is controlled by the room temperature.
➢ Personal computers.
➢ Exhaust fans in large hotels.
➢ Washing machines.
➢ The circuit can be used for Car Engine to reduce the heat.
➢ This project can be used in Home.
➢ This project can be used in Industry.
➢ This will help in saving the energy / electricity
Conclusion

The output of the project is tested successfully. The output response of the project for

different values of Temperature and Light intensity is satisfactory. The objective of the

project is to control Fan Speed and Light brightness based on Temperature Sensor and LDR

sensor values using Arduino. In this project we also included GSM based Fire alert system.

The algorithm is tested and works under all conditions.In future ,this project can be

implemented as automatic street lights control.

References
➢ V. Bhatia, G. Bhatia, Room Temperature based Fan Speed Control System using Pulse
Width Modulation Technique.
➢ Z. I. Rizman, K. Ho Yeap, N. Ismail, Design an Automatic Temperature Control
System for Smart Electric Fan Using PIC.
➢ L I U Fei, Z Zhe, Y A O Hao-wei, and L Dong, “Application of Aspirating Smoke
Detectors at the Fire Earliest Stage,” Procedia Eng,2013.
➢ http://www.circuitstoday.com/gsm-based-fire-alarm-system-using-arduino
➢ https://www.electronicsforu.com/electronics-projects/fan-speed-control-monitoring-
arduino
➢ https://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-projects/arduino-ac-light-dimmer-using-triac
Thank you