Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or

both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus (purulent
material), causing cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and
difficulty breathing. A variety of organisms, including bacteria,
viruses and fungi, can cause pneumonia.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by bacteria called
Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria usually attack the
lungs, but they can also damage other parts of the body. TB
spreads through the air when a person with TB of the lungs or
throat coughs, sneezes, or talks.
Pulmonary edema is an abnormal buildup of fluid in the lungs.
This buildup of fluid leads to shortness of breath.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) occurs when
fluid builds up in the tiny, elastic air sacs (alveoli) in your lungs.
The fluid keeps your lungs from filling with enough air, which
means less oxygen reaches your bloodstream. This deprives
your organs of the oxygen they need to function.
Pneumoconiosis is one of a group of interstitial lung disease
caused by breathing in certain kinds of dust particles that
damage your lungs. Because you are likely to encounter these
dusts only in the workplace, pneumoconiosis is called an
occupational lung disease. Pneumoconiosis usually take years to
develop.
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is an umbrella term for a large
group of disorders that cause scarring (fibrosis) of the lungs.
The scarring causes stiffness in the lungs which makes it
difficult to breathe. Some example of ILDs include:
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis.
Obesity is a medical condition that occurs when a person carries
excess weight or body fat that might affect their health. ... Body
mass index (BMI) is a tool that doctors use to assess if a person
is at an appropriate weight for their age, sex, and height. Obesity
is defined as having a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more. 
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome is a breathing disorder that
affects some people who have been diagnosed with obesity.
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), also known as
Pickwickian syndrome, is a condition in which severely
overweight people fail to breathe rapidly or deeply enough,
resulting in low oxygen levels and high blood carbon dioxide
(CO2) levels.
ALS, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, is a progressive
neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain
and the spinal cord. ... Motor neurons reach from the brain to the
spinal cord and from the spinal cord to the muscles throughout
the body.
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a long-term neuromuscular disease
that leads to varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness. The
most commonly affected muscles are those of the eyes, face, and
swallowing. It can result in double vision, drooping eyelids,
trouble talking, and trouble walking. In myasthenia gravis,
muscle weakness often first appears in the muscles of the face,
neck and jaw.
COVID-19 is a respiratory illness caused by a new virus. Symptoms

include fever, coughing, sore throat and shortness of breath. The virus

can spread from person to person, but good hygiene can prevent

infection.
Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that cause respiratory infections. These can range
from the common cold to more serious diseases.
COVID-19 is the disease caused by a new coronavirus. It was first reported in December 2019
in Wuhan City in China.

What is COVID-19?
COVID-19 is a respiratory disease. It was first reported in China
in December 2019. Because this is a new disease, doctors are
still learning about it. You can expect them, along with other
health experts, to provide new information about it frequently.

Common symptoms of COVID-19 include a fever, cough, and

shortness of breath. These symptoms may occur 2 to 14 days
after being exposed to the virus. Most people who come down
with COVID-19 have mild symptoms. These symptoms can
make you feel like you have the flu. However, some people have
more severe symptoms. In these cases, the virus may lead to
pneumonia.

How do people get COVID-19?

The most common way to get COVID-19 is by inhaling
respiratory droplets in the air. When a person with COVID-19
coughs and sneezes, tiny droplets leave their mouth and nose
and go into the air. You can’t see these droplets. If you’re within
6 feet of that person, you may breathe in those droplets. You
won’t even know you’ve done it. But by doing that, you may get
the germs that cause COVID-19 in your body.

COVID-19 also can be shared if you touch a surface an infected

person has touched. Some examples include door handles,
elevator buttons and shopping carts. The germs can get into your
body if you then touch your eyes, nose, or mouth.

Who is likely to get COVID-19?

While there are many cases of COVID-19 in the United States,
the overall risk of getting sick with it in the United States is still
low for now. However, some people have a greater risk of
becoming sick. Those include:

Travelers returning from international areas where there is a

high concentration of COVID-19 cases.
People in contact with travelers returning from international
areas where there is a high concentration of COVID-19 cases.
People in close contact with someone who has COVID-19.
Most of the people who are getting sick with COVID-19 are
adults. While some children have become infected with it, too,
most of them have had milder symptoms than adults.
If people 65 years old and older get COVID-19, they’re more
likely to have a severe case. Likewise, people who have health
issues, such as heart disease, lung disease, and diabetes are also
at risk of getting a severe case.

COVID-19 compared to influenza

Around the world, more than 100,000 people (as of the date of
this article) so far have had COVID-19. In comparison, at least
22 million people in the United States have had influenza this
season.

Official names have been announced for the virus responsible

for COVID-19 (previously known as “2019 novel coronavirus”)
and the disease it causes.  The official names are:
Disease 
coronavirus disease 
(COVID-19)

Virus 
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
(SARS-CoV-2)

Notes by Mylene Mendoza ❤️