Mw « AK AR EMU HAVRE CocP HAVYHO-NOUVAA\PHAAH CEPUA VUEHBE CET BCKOMY XO3AHOCTBY E.H.MUMYCTHH, 1. A. TPHCBATCRUN MUKPOBBI Ht 3EPHO A431 (/ NsBWATEULCTBO AKAJ EMH HAYK cacPp Mockea 19638B xumre pacckaennacres 0 sansnuxt xuxpoopranns- Mop ua Kavecrso sepua. Pesb wyet 0 TomesHAX I Bpe, HBX mponeccax, pHaMBaEMBX waKpodaopoli: o jedexrax Bepuia, RODEMKAIOMUX TOK BANAIKEN wKpooprassnios, 06 maxenemm remxpoaops m enotiers sepa upu ero XpaNenNM M0 asspoOHONOrMIecKAx mMponeccax pH xieGomevennn i HaroTONICHNM APyTHX nponyKToB Tepe- paGorki sepna. B xamre onncaniz taxoxe muxpotoxorn- NeoKH® MOTORS, MOSnOMMOMNe oMpe;erHT KauecTnO sepua. BBEAEHUE Tporpasma Kosmymernueckoit napram Conorexoro Cow- 2a UporyeMatpuBaer Mommutit KOALEM cembcKoro xosaiieTRA, Koropstli nospomrr qocturnys w0Snuus upopyrton unTamia 2 Hacercnma u cupEA JiR Mpomumennocrn (yneansuTb mporyknino sa 10 ser npumépuo B va ¢ nomosmuoi pasa, a a 20 aer—s tp c nososmHoit pasa). Baxuelimeit saxaveii uo-npemuemy ocraeren cemepuoe YBemIGeHTO MpousBoyeTBA Beplla Kak ocHOBE OCHOR Beero ceuscKoxoaniictsenuero uponsnogeTna, Baaozan nposyRMst sepra yneumuHTeT B TeveHHo GmmxailMero ABagNaTMOTHs Goxvo em B ana pasa. OcoGeuno nospactyr cops sepua MIMCLUN, RYKYPY8H, KPYNAHLIX KYTLTYp, Topoxa, acoam w KopMonnix 60603. Banach Bepxa & crpare qocrurnyr ueGtmmamsx pasmepor, Tpomannoe xoxusectso oro 6yqer xpantne B rocyaperneH- Holt eMereme sarorowoK ut npospinitennoctm. Kpome oro, MULLIMAPHBE TYZOB sepa m COMA PABHAIX KyABIYp GysyT HY MUBT FeTOcpeneTeeAUO NOuXOSAM 1 COBXODAM B KATOCTRE NocesaLix m dyparunx qoujon, a rawke chipbA js mepe- paGorKu B MYKY, KPYTBL, pacTHTomMoe Macuo 1 ApYTMO Mpo- nynror, Bee gepno nsipabarsinacmme eg werd mponysctst FOWKE xpanuTbea Gea MoLeps m cHuAerHs HX KaToeTRA, B uamreli crpane norepn sam 0,1% neca xpannmerx aep- ua H ceMan cocrasamor 8—9 wan, nyROB (HOTA GosrsITe) TIpH ynoxmmerm mpousnoyerea sopua LouyMennue n TAI upeyenax motepu moryr gocrmrars 14—"12 sam, nyyon. Bomsmoe saaveane umeer Gops6a sa coxpanerue Kaxe- eta sepa m cess, [Ip upannasHoli opranusarm MoxHO NO TOUBKO cOxpaLTs MCXOANMe KatocTza MpoxyTa, Ho M SHATHTeXbHO MosbicyTh Ux. O7HAKO B UpaKTHKe eme 6H- pact, K comamenmo, naodopot. Ha conpememmom prano 3RowMytincrueckoro cxpolimemserma Taicoe ToNOReHS meO- eM. seer at uke OcwouMNS MpuImL MORES Roea sepa PH xpanemnt 1 lonunsenis ero Tocentixk m pyparKNAIX Kar Seers? Oyta ua TaapWUAX—970 pagsitiie Wa Hea MuKpO- opraxsamos. [lo cpoomy xHMmIecKOMy cocTaBY MOH Tt CoMeHa pasMcMHMIX KYUbTYP sHLMOTOA NOTMOMeNTOH WHTA- tesrsuoit cpexoit juin paanoodpasunrx wmxpoGos, Jimmy onpe- Jewennwe yeuOBIEA MOTYT MpeHALCRBONAT PAdBMTINO MUKPO- Spramiawcos (smKpodpxopat) ua sepyie. Yx0 oGerorremeTHo noSystuo YICHHIX UPAKTHKOB SAqATbCR copBesubise s9yUC~ Fes Muxpogelopil sepuonsIx Macc M BUspAGATEIBAEMIX 13 OnYRTOD. cnnsano © xupom ampotos, Ha nonepxnocrit KpHenoi u- cronu pacrormit a ero aoueHbix vacTAX pagwnBactest GOs fiioe KoZHUeCTBO PasHooSpaaMLIX suxkpoopranuswon. Muorne iia UX HOpeXomAT Wa pACTEHIA MS WOUDUL ITH € BOPHA, TAC OHH neerja COROPATEA B AVATKTETBHOM KOWTTHECTBC. BomnikuNeTRO TARNX MEKPOOPPAHNSMOB THTAETCH: BIIKC- aoxumnin pacrittesIbMBIS KeleTOR, Te BHLeIpHeTesE B TRAM PAC souug 1 He TIpIVULIOT Kaxoro-GO BpeTa pacsuTecTssOMy Oprauwoy. JT TAK WaskHaexmre oUMpKIHALE atmKpoOprA HMBMDI pasniinaworest Ha HoBepXHOCTH tacTelt pacrems 1 Wem PeKO. MpaIor jaAse WOTEAHy!O pouts, TAK MAK yrueraIOT paggHMNe MOTAAAOWUX wa TORepXHOCTS pacreust GostesHe- PROPHET MUKpOGON It TEA caMBIM mpenyUpeAAaToT saGoutena~ me pacreuust, O7HaKo so wnorHx eaysasix, ocoGeuHO ApH Cmienma sxussrocriocoSHoctH aepHa, \rakwe OTmdpuTABe MIt- Rpoopraniionst cHocobwst Mprtiocw ypomamnrit mpex. Tax ca mopetac ObInAIOT THHORKKANNS MOP SepHA M MPORYITOD, Surpadarninaennx 13 wero. Bee oro moSynviacr oTecrytes x ommeprnoll suxpodbxope sepia ¢ Hocraroununt BRIMAMHes tr veeroponne woyunri, ee cxolicrna, OcoBenmoro ninustaHa pacaynumaioT Gomesncraopuste (raTorenssle) Aurkpoopra- HagMn, DApASHTApyrOMUe B TKARAX PACTEHNA W WLISRDRAIO- SouewaHHA. Ti spon Toro, Ha sepio Mor wexpenNTBCR pastoodpaanie S arorerinsre pst YenOBOKA 11 TKIOTHBIX, emepebar Moommaned na septic wuskpodzopa, (auacenwas. narorentan) pm Mepepao7Ke Sepsla ® MYKY, KPYUY H APY= Tne nponyenst Goel wacteio Wouayaet BUX 1 Monet junamh wa KagecTnO M COXpaHHOCTh OTHx MpoRyKTOn. 4 stomy Gea rayGoKoro snamnm cnoiiers apna Hm maconsmomnx cro MMKpoopramnaston KeaBast paapaGoraTs MepHt uo MoTyHe- HINO MPORYRTOR MHTALIIA MBICOKOTO KavecTaa, Bompocst xparenns sepia mtepecomamt exonewecrno © jawunx ppesor. Bappou n Bupriumit (In. x0 x. 9.), Koay- ena n Tannuii (I 2, 1, 9.) © xpyrue eaigaiommecn yremse NDpeviiocris Kacaiicb UX B CBONX MpOMARETeHMAx, OzHaKo naytHad_paspa6orka mpunnuson xpaueHNa sepHa wavasach am p XVITI—XIX wa. : Bomsitoe axoriommeckoe o6mecrno, noammxmee n Pocert n XVIII 3. 10 mee M. B. Joxonocona, wawaxo maysath co- crosmie cenpexoro xoasticrna ezpanr. Ono oftasmnastato mopto- JUIeCKHe KONKYPCM Ha zYMee Xpanterie BepHonnIx TPO;YK- ton. B oto npemst Gbiza paspaGoraua cuicresa xpanenus BepHa uN apMIM 1 YeTAHOBAeH WopANOK upueMa, oUeLEIL Kauwecraa H yuora gopHla, MYKIE I KpyI5t. B XIX a. w Poceuu Guu wumounent pax coppevinax ucene- yonansit To REscHeNTO xIMMTMeCKHX cRolicTR BepHORMX KYABTYP B chsgH ¢ TX TIMeDsOMM M xxeGomeKapMBMANt cnoik- emmanm, mayuastecn ux copronoe pasnoo6paane wn. 71. BepHo- neon raySoKo mmTepeconaro DestmKorO pyccKoro yueHoro JL. VW. Mengexeena. B cnoeii «Texuonorums, maqannott 2 1862 F., om Mimcam 0 KawecTBe Sopa saaKon m DnIpabaTsinae- Moii 12 oro MYkI, 0 MyTsX paanitHst MyKOMoaEHOrO upoma- noyeTna It 7. 7. Rpymmait pram B nayky 0 aepxe BHec ocHOnomonostmne conpemennoit arpoxmam: Bametatexsustii pyccxuit yueunrit J. H. Upsummmsos. Orpommmte waxtertemns w atom me upomaomunt nocate Be- amxoit Oxradprexoit conmannenimecnoit penomouut, Tax, yoke B 1923 r, oprannsyeren Tocyzaperenmas x1e6nax iH cnennta, n za6oparopan Koropoi Osta pasnopnyta naysno- aecne;onaterboxam padora. B 1926 r. cosaetes Leurpanpuas aadopatopiia m0 mepe- paGorke sepa 1 sepsopstx mporyKton. HockorbKo Tioanmtee ara aadoparopust Guia poopranmzonana n Haysno-ncesen0- hareaseRnii wueTuTyT 3epHa m MpojyKtOR ero mepepaGorKe. Barem RoaHMKGIH APyTMe HAYIHO-ACCTETOBATONECKIIO MenTpU, imipoko pasnepnynmne padory no waysenmo sepia H MyKit (Yepamncrmit mictutyt acpna, Beecomamsii naysuo-uecse- jonaTemnermit mtermyr xaeGoneKapHol npoMsmaeniocn 1 y. q.). Bompoctr acpionexenma eras paapasatsmarsea we bKO B OTpacsIeMNX HaysHO-MccsIeRORATETBCKUX YupeRje- &imax, fo #3 pane moraryton Axagesam nayk CCCP m ana nemunx nay Cowanix poorySam. Beo oro cnocobernonas0 YyrayGneuno suanuii 0 sepze, poaHmHOseHIMO HOBLIX OTpacaeit WAYKI, B TOM Yee MUXpOOMOWOrMM sepHa, MuxpoSuonorits xax camocrosresbrar nayKa wayaa pas- BUBATHCH MocHe KrACoHIeCKNX paOor HesLUKOTO FpAGon, Te ilelomyio YeTKOrO cHeTeMATHTYeCKOrO aTTayeMAsT. Dwouorna m pasmuorente pala MuTepecHAx WIA Nac rpndon Oyayr Rami B rane, WocuaMenos ¢huronaTorenmstst oprasimenstam. . B ueaom rpu6i oGpemmmmoror carestyzouKme Kz1accpt? 41, Apxumuneni (Archimycetes). Muneanit orcyt~ cmyer wax pasunr ca1ao. Hoaonoit mpoyece sarurmuaeten 22 1B cAMAMHN RereTaTHENEX ocobeit WIM KouyaAMN HoOREX xaerox (naoramer), Beentooe paaxmorkenmte nporexoamr mpx HoMomM noxmuxnax crop (aoocnop). Cpe apxumuneron berpevaioren caupourime Opraumsmst, HO HMcIOTEA 1 Hapa- auret, Ha nocnegax Mat momen OIMOTHITS nodD yaMTCAs KIS ranyerst (Plasmodiophora brassicae). Apxasumert ssan- WoTeH BPeIUTFEAKATT 1 [PYTUX cestcKOXOSATLCTHEHUKIX. KYTH~ Typ, B YacTHoctm, Kaprombest. 2, Ouxomunmern (Phycomycetes). Mumesnii xopomo pasnirr, Gomsmeit vacrso ueKreTounsit, Tlononoi mpomece Pue. 19, Gxema o6paaonams Gaomnocnop nMeor xapartep oorastm mmr snrorawmr, Ho cbuxommeron a aepme netpevarorea neKoTopnre campodurrsr, mpmnayterta: mye raanmnit o6paaom x poxam Mucor, Rhizopus 1 Circinella, M Wapasurs KyIbTYPULIX pactenuii, Naupuep, rpn6 Phyto- phtora infestans, ionpenyaromurit Kaprorpea. 3. Ackomumerm (Ascomycetes). Munesuii snoro- xuerountii, Honozoe cuopozomenze cymuatoe. B cocran MmKpoipropst BepHa Ha aera eyMIATHIX rpuGoR nxopwT Tas Ke BpestiTemt STAKOBDIX KYubTYP, KaK MYwHNCTA —poca, enopamtns, noadyquTenn cbysapmoao, I wmse ake mpmmazie= sat Aspergillus, Penicillium Chaetomium. 4, Basnguommmera (Basidiomycetes). Mumoatit Muoroxserounmii, TToxonoe enoponomenne Gaanuamsuoe. Ki aacoy Gasmamamsnsrx TpuGon ormocates namie spe Teait cemcxoxoamiicrnenmx KymKTyp —TOTODNA Mt D>KAB~ ‘ammo rpnGur. Cina ace pxouir canporpuruie rpatsr. He- KotOpmIe M8 MUX padpymiaor jpenecime oxpontexbusre Marepuanst (4qomomaiiy rpu6 — Merulius lacrimans), Basn- AuAIkMEe TpuOst OsiBAIOT esegOCHENAL. 285. Heconopmennme rpuém (Fungi imporfecti). Manemtit Gomsmreit waers10 muoroxneromtiz, Tonozoe exo poHOMeHMe HeHaucerHo, K azoii rpynue oTHOCATeA HeKOTOpHE (nromatoremmse rpudsr (mperetanntesm poor Oidium, Di- plodia, Helmintosporium 1 yp.), a tate Gomsmax uacts MUKpocKoruiecxux rpuGor; HerTpeTauoMurxest Ha sepme (Cepha- losporium, ‘Trichothecium, Macrosporium, Cladosporium, Alteznaria, Mycogone a j1p.). ‘Tperaa rpynma aupoopraxnaMon, KOTOpHe 37H oSHa- pyxaTs Ha sepue,— oro TAK MaaumAcMBIe akTMHOMMMerDr. Vix naanmanr TawKe ayaersnem rpiGam nam MaecrenMA- MIN Gaxrepuan, HocKomDKy om obstaaIoT panos Mpome- IRYTOMTMAX TIpanAKON wey CaKreprmsm 1 MIecou maT, Tua tumcamax axtinommmetos, (pox Actinomyces) xa- PAKTepHO HirtesuAROe CTpoeMe, oTOGKOE CTpoeHLN MuecHe- paix TpxGon. Boo axtmnoxmmenst mieor nacrommrit, xopomo paamiemiit, nomnantiiten wmmeniit (pre, 20, 7). [hamna xamqe- AMA aKTHTOMMMeToN Moser cHMIO mapHMponats, jocrmrast mmtorna 600 su: 1 Goxee, Toma antiemst oFKrHO KeBe- ama (ero qmaserp pang 0,5—0,7 4m), pexe on Grtnaer roubule wit rome. Touepenne ueperoporkn » muewH AXTHHOMUILETOR, Kak Mpassio, He oOHapyrKMBAtOTeR, Fax y Oarepuit « rputon, mporonrasmertoe conep»xmoe ¥ axTmMoMMmeToR oKpHTO KeTOMO! oGomOAKO!, O6oco5- NeMHOTO APA R KTETKAX aKTHHOMMTETOR He HaGmoqaeTCA. Tlo neoit piymMocrit, syecs, KaK 1 y GaKTepmit, BMecTO Apa pas6pocam mo xeeit jormme Munem roxBKO Bepua xpo- Marma, ARTIMOMUNeTHE Ha THEPABIX MHTaTeMBHBIX cpenAx o6pa- aytor jima THMa Mints — cyGerparusrit 1 Boaymmntii. Ha mmeppirx mrrarosrnmrx epeytax KysteTyput arcrimonn- Neron oGpaaylor KoxoHMH TAoTHo Konereremmm, KoToprte ppacraior B epesly 1 emuMaroren ¢ nee TeamKOM mMeCTe © *a- crsi0 uurarenbHoit cpeust, Koxomun orgembANx RITZOR ARTIC HOMMMOTOR MOryT OBOTHO cyMecTReHHO OTMMMATECA. 110 crpyKrype. . Beeswa xapaxrepamrit npmarax sori arrmoxmeron — Mpkax unrsertaxua HX Kooi, Breen Momo peTpernTs orremmir neex sTy7eit comMeMMOrO eHmeKTpa i HX eMecrt. B spenom coctoamnn sine arrnmoareron crano- RNTCA XPYUKUM M slerko paapymiaetes. Ero o6psrKu pasnoit yumm ” GrarompuntHoit odcranomke mpopacraior, ofpa- ays HopMaznin1e KoxomIM, a4 Tlommro odpunkon ames, y axrimomumeron sat pas MHOREINUT eHyraT crlemAMbTbIe opranst TToZonOMeHHA — crops (ouuocuopu:). Cuopst axrunommeros dbopmupyrores 7 Puc, 20, Mayen (2) u cuoponoeum (2) y akrmHosameroR (no H. A. Kpacussmitcony) na ocodsrx, Gomee ma Menee ambibepennuponannax nosxym- MX noTKAX —cnoponocnax, KoTopEIe oTxoRAT wWeuocpes- eTieuHo oF Honepxmoerit KoOWIE WIK OGpasyioTer Ha Tas ULIX WurAX bosynuiore Mune, Tlaogouccune neTKH Y paanhx axTHHOMIMeTon peaKo oramiaiores 10 enoemy erpoenmo, Y owax wuyoR ORM TpA- Mle LUE culerRa eKpUBAeHEBIe, ¥ APYTHX BIATOOpaaHO 3a- xpyzenmnre (pic. 20, 2). 25Tlonayax » Guaroupuszume yeaonns, enopa axtimosamera npopactaer, Jlocrorepuo yeranontenioro nozonore mporecca ¥ akrumommeron Her. K axrimomaneram nessa Gomer upoarrnnominerst, a uenuii KOTOpLIX UMeer ueperoposRM um Ha oDpexexeHHoM Phe, 24, Kpneranas supyca raGanoit ‘MOaamIKIt arane PAIBNTHA PachagaercA Ha uANOYKOBMEDIE oTeMeHTH. Koncacresmun xonoumit npoaxrnuommmeros recroobpasnan, Ki verseproit rpynme wmxpooprannaMos ornocaten eyiye- crpa sHamiternio Meme Gakrepmit, Mx orkpsia wopectubilt pycexmit ysenwii Jl. 11, Mnanoncxnit. Onn noayuuan waspe- Hue «bsabrpyIoMINXes nirpycon». Deus nowwepKuwaeres Ux cmocosHocTh npoxourm siepea dbuxerpH, sayepacuBaomue Gaxrepuu. Y cawmix memsux mupycon jmawerp yacrumy 10—- 20 sane (ager — joa saers mukpona), a y nanGoaee Kpyx- HBX OF FocTHraer 200 awe. Tanna Yacrim Bupyca aworKeT Grrr anawHTexbHO Goubule, Bupyest Busan AHO, Up yne- JMSEMAN OAOKTPOMUEIM MMIKPOCKOUOM, 26 Bupyent — oven cuocoSpasuan rpynua mapasnraprmx opranusson, Ou He ofuazaioT KaeTONHBIM crpoommest, cHo COOL PABMHOTATACA TOMLKO w ARIIBBIX TKANIAX PAcTEHIA TATE AUBOTHOTO HB OUPERCTCHAKIX YorORMAX MOTYT OOpAIODABATS peta, Ipmpoga u enoiictna Karkjoro nnpyca pascnTEs, Xunuucenuit coctan HexoTopsrx mupycon waysen x ma- crommemy apement AovoasHo Xopomo, BswscneHo, wo y Kp cranameckoro nupyea TaGatHot mosamKu (pyc. 21) Gea- Konan Tpupona, Modexyanpusii pec oro ocruraen 43000000. Hooromy mpnpona napycon cnoeo6paana (nenommmm, 70 Moxeryaapuniit vee MONK pacturerbuMTx GeTKOR pancit mpH- mepuo 30000). . Bupyen, novajaa 2 TKaNM nocnpuMeHmnoro opramiaMa, nauimaiot GsreTpo pasmmionarnes. Yeranonieno, tampmep, ro KOAMUeCTHO BMpyca Tabavuoi MosAMKU, BReMeHHOrO B pacreme ra6ara, 2a YeTtIpe oseI Mo>eT HOSpACTH B MII amox paa. Paaxstorxenue nupyea mapyuiaer wopMaabHere Gymauim pacrouun u ono saGomepacr, no mexanmam oroit camoperipoxy xin unpyea WOKa He BELACHEN OKORMATeNEHO. Becrwa amiorue Goxeaiu pacrormli—wosanxa osmatoit TIMeHTHT, SAKYKIMBANNC BTAKOR, eATYXA caxapROit enexnst 1 apyrue —- puapBawTea nupycas. He menbemit npey psi hocit Bupyen ;KUROTHENE 1 STHOTAM, Ont nBKSKIRAIOT GemeLi- crno, ocuy, snuhernnomny aeaTyxy WT. 5. MPOWECCH, BAIBKIBAEMBIE MIKPOBAMIT Mat yxe yrromunama 0 Tox, 470 no comm dhusKorornye- cKMM cROficTRAM, B TACTHOCTH WO OTHOIeHIO K HeTOWHHKAM mmranna x jpyrim dbakropas, ompenemonuim aust Mn- Kpooprannamon,——- Knciopoxy, ‘TeMuepatype, Twre1oTHOCTH cpexst, norpeGnocrm no Rare — MarKpooprarnamet pesKo oT- aumiaiorem _pyr or Apyra. Boanweii vcr simepoopranisyon ja mponecca jHxa- nist HyseH KueTopor. TIpm EXAM OHM OKHeAMOT Opra- uuuecte, a Huorga i Mimeparbmre nemecta. B muKue ORNCANTEIUTELX Tpespaneniit oprammecvoro BemecTRa ocBO- Gomracren oneprint, MeoOXoMMMas MmKpooprammascan Hs aanaita, Te Sarrepin, rpuder 1 akTEMOMMCTHY, KOTOpHIE Z- nyt Mpw jlocryme nosAyxa, nasnparores aopotasnt. K sroft rpyime ripmnayaean: Gomsuias wacth xmpooprariramon, neTpowaionutxest! D MpMpoye, B TOM ‘Mee M Wa sepHe. AspoSrste MHKpoopradusMst Moryr OKHemaTH caxapa (yrae- uot), GexkH, AMPS Mm [pyrne oprammeckue cocruncnHs, ampousnogs mx rayGornii pacnar. Kancqerit nig, semcpoopre- HHGNOp CHocoGeH woIsEBATH cMeHGUIMBLL A Hero KOMI aleke. GoxmumueckHx. mperpantexuit. lyn Hacrep snopunie Bovtesm, 10 cymecreyior spo opranmoser, sxMmynue m Ge2 joctyna Kuecopoja. TosqHeo Dim smMKpoos Gam MayIeH Gomce TomposHo, Oxaaaroch, UTO AA MHOTHX 11 HX xueTOpOA are son, Taxne MMKpoopranusaat Osu HasBaKst axaspobaaa. Onn paama- raion opranmieckue coeyimenna so Goxee mpoetsix. Dror pacnag, mrymmit 6ea yaacrna Knemopora, obecueammaer cy- MecTnonanne anaspodmsrx mmpoopranmamon. Tipapjta, mpi Geckneropostom pacnase Wa Toro ae KONM4eCTBA PaapyileH- TNX OpramMrtecknx cocnnmennit semKpoGnr ToaysaroT MexBIe oueprint, Nem NPM poakronrx orueTeMHs. ArianpoGsi MoryT paspymiarb Genki, yruenome u APyrMe cocumens, Becine- noposustii pacnax yrstesouon MoayaN aspaHne ¢Opore- ni. Mozousoxseante Gaktepam cOpaxieaiot caxap B MO- MOWRY! KUCTOTY, MacsIsHOKMesBe — AB Maca! KHETOTY 17. X, Pay Opojturstnx Mponeccon Sysler paccmorport MIKO. Mereay apoGawm m arraspoéamm eymectnyer m mpomeny- roman rpynma. Hpmmajerenamte x rreit xeirxpooprammantt nonyanMt Haamanne «haxyaprarinmsx araapodons, Drm xn KpoOsr Moryr sku Mpu Aoctyne Keopoga 4 Ges nero, Muo- re (baxyabratinao anaopoomate MuKpooprauaMet, ampr- Mop jlpoavkH, 2 Geckucnopomuoii cpexe mHaMmawr GporkenHe, a TIpm joctyie Kucuopoua MpOUsBOLAT OKUCMUTeAUETe peAK- uuu, [Ipyrne ake Muxpoopramiaat aroit rpynin w s0O8x yeuowunix cOparkmmaror caxapa, TAK Kak ONMeaMTeABHAR cTO- cobuocts y Hux ytpavena. Tlo ornomenito x Textmeparype wMKpoopranuaatst paane- amoren Ha WecKoEKo Tpynm: neuepogiustsi paawnnarores Ty Ime BCeTO TPM NOTORMTCABABX TeMMepaTypax, HO crocoéunT pact, xorm MejGrermo, oxo O°C m paAKe MAKE, Orcrmaram- iam rexmepatypnas TotKa y ueuxpodnton 20—25°, a max- emMamnran — oxoz10 30—35°; neaofiuas umewr temmeparyp- wok Minaya Kono 5—10°, onmmyn — mexxny 20—35" a MaxcuMya —oxo10 +45°; repuogiuast pactyr upu ovens poicoKoli Temnepatype. Ontumambnas — oxo -+55°, a MaK- emansian — oxond +80". Hexoropme — repstodpmasmxo MUKpoopranmannr emocoOmst Pacrit, XOTA m Me;LNeHHO, BP 20Te odurumax Teamepatyp (20—-30°). Omaxo eymectnyior Tep- Mocbiarst, pagnparonmmecn ToALKO ups TeMuepatype OKpy- acaiomeit cpeypr ne menmiie 37—40°. 28 B coctane Mukpodmopit sepua npeodaanaivr seoodpuat, Oxnaxo m yenonnax xpanena cymectnenmyi pox MoryT urparb « ypyrne Temmeparypuste rpymmst atKpodor, Hampu- Mep, TIpH sRAeHIM caMOcorpeBAHNA depHa H MYKIt OcHOBEBIE mpoeccet mponomstrest repmodpriaaMt. He ojMoTHMHo 1 oTHOMeINe pasiMx rpylm sMmKpoopra~ HmaMoB K KMeHOTHOCTH cpesH, Honanasomtee GoabrmMACTRO mmkpoGon ayamre ncero pactor ups neiérpaxnoit pean epexot (pH 7,0) '. Passurae aimxpoopranizamos saKaiimaaer- ct B cutGomenounoit epexe (pIT 9—10). Osraxo naecenu euo- COOHBL LoROAbUO XOPOILO pactu B KUCAIO! cpexe (40 PH 1,5). Beepata knenoroycroiismnn 1 aporvam. Moaowmoknearie Gak- ‘Tepmnt Take OTHOCITTETDO Yeroitanns K KHesTOTe, WX pocT saKarumaetos pu pH, GamaKon x 3,0. Pasantioo OTHONIeNMe MIKpoopraHnaMOR x KUeTOTHOCTHL epost mmpoKo nenomayoren » mponanoxerse. Hanpumep, MOOMHOKUEIBLe Galrepitit Coxpaustor recto wr alOpy THI aocTunma Gaxtepuun, HpGabtenue ykcyeuoit Kucaorot x Mapunagam cHocoSersyer coxpanesiio upojtyKtox, B uocaies nem emysae noKaaaTers pH enmxactes umxe ypontst, non MontHOTO ae [UIT PAINT KnesTOTOyeToHtMEIX MeKpo- opramtamon, Boerwa nasko 3naT, x oTHomerte MmItepoopramuayon K naare. Jlyume ncero muxpoopranuasn pasnnnayorcn B cpe Je, IMeIomeli KarreatO akITTKYIO nog. DTo OBtenseTeR Test, ‘ro MiKpobst irate ueeli TOBePXtocTHI0 cBoii KAeTKI, ocuonitteckH BIMETBIBA BoAy x PacTRopenuBIe B Heit veme- crpa, Tem Meee oGecuoses soyoll unrareapuuii cySerpar, Tem MefUeHHee upouexopN poer mukpoopranuaxos. Ha gros, ocronato XONCepRAponAtNe AMMeANX ReMectR, B TOM HuCHe 1 aepHa, Merofox vbIcyMmarna, Burcymenttoe sepio we nop THTeH MUKPOOpramMaNaL, XOTA I UMeET OKO 12% ORB. Bra poja MaxosuTen m censsannoity dope m meoerymma sonkpoopramuasas. Kak Tomko B Upoaykrax uoapaseren «ezoGo,nas» Hoa, BoWIX HAYEMAOT PagHHBATKCs PABUITIABIE MITKPOOpraLIHaMbt, YVerauosewo, wo MHOTHE necHeAHE TpUbHt oGnaLAIOT Gos moit cocymeit cumoit, T. e, sHAYUTeNBHOl BeMIMIMHO! OcMOTU- ueckoro jakaenHa B'KAeTKE (710 200 1 Goaee ar). TloaTosy 2 pH — nemmenma, noxastmaromas oxpriqaronmuti sorapmpac kor nenrpanmt uonon nonopoxa. Mpa pH>7,0 cpena cranosures yew oii, a Hraxe — KntcaoitLaecemm soryt pasRimathes jaiKe Ha nechMa cnaGo ysaak- nenmx fposlykrax u mopman ux. ¥ Gaxrepuil uw -s1ponoreit ReqHMNa UCMOTHTECKOTO JABLEHNA nN RAOTKO peasO Mpevbc- Imaet 6 ara; oDTOMY O11 HavumaoT pasnmwaTKoH IVI a Gonce cuasHo yaxantouMux uporyRTax. B ritase, «Yoon xpanonia sepia x ero MIKpodulopar Gyayr Gone moApoGuo PACCMOTpeHM YexOUNA, Up KOTOPHX B SepKe Moryr PaanTt- hatiest patible TpyTIs MUKpoopranmantos. Tipu paaMHomcenit MUKpooprannaMon Ma xpausttiemest aopue 1 MyKo OTM UpORYKTEt HoABepraioTeA TAyGOKMM x1a~ Meuexuam, Hanpasaenie uponeccon pacnaja m xapaktep oSpaaylomuxcn BeMecR sADHesIT oF cocTANA MMeIOUeliCs MI xpoip:tops. . Hipke upmsogutes xuMecKH cocTaR 3¢) (» %): a TEMECTUATTYDL Bewox.-.. « ce + 18,06 GCaxep svc ewe Pan ee ABR Kpaxwaa . 50. es + 68,07 Henrosent ss + BAS HAG ogee vaya ere ss 2,26 fom,» 5m aRH 248 Kax namao, aepro mpenerananer covoit cySerpar, necwma mucrarexsmuait jm xmKpoGon. OGsop noswoxsrurx NaMeNenitit coctamuux vacrelk sepza wom noageiiornmen mucxpoopranma- Mob MDI HANHeNE ¢ paceMorpeMus mpenpamenta Semon. Bemkonae Moxenyati ovens catorKant, To xssudecxoit upmpose neo Genur Mory? GuTh pasgetern wa j[ve Gombe rpymmmr: 1) mporemust, iam npocrete GexKH, cocTosumre zim Wa paaMMnnx asuvokuenot m2) MporeMaK, HLM cuoacHETe Gemkm, KoTOpKIe sBAMOTEH COOAMAOHUAM MpoTeHOD © KAKH- aieamo nemecrbanat HoGeaowoit npMpORK. Tloganamomee Gompmuuicrso campodprrEsrs 4 sapaguTmETx Gaxrepuik momen uuTaTEeN Geman, HO NpoABApUTETDHO pace imeniier rpoMosnKyH MoueKymy GomKa, Tak Kax ona He Monten upormars i MMKpOGHylo KaeTKy’ B WeHsMeneHuos cocrossmn, Tuy6mna pacmaga Seka, nntsnaisian pasnnin Muxpoopra- wuoMax, xaleKo He omTHAKonasl. Hampumep, MoxoUNoKMeBLe GaxrepnM paaiaraor GexKM TMM Oo aMimoKNexoT. Avax0- Tima nogyr ceOs i GpommabEEe ApomaH. OanaKo Gosbimas uacth caupofurmax Mmpo6on wiranpaer ratyGoxmit pactayt Geaxa ¢ oGpasonanues asmorana H Apyrnx upoxyrron. B ra- KH enyTasx MOXUO FOBOpUTS O pAsbrtHIE FHMsoeTHOTO upo- neeea, Ta axnormeurant, Tpn aapo6now pactrage Geura oOpasyiores amainan, yre- Kueiora M noj®. OfWAKO B saMeTHBIX KomMUOCTEAX MOTyT TAWIK HAKOMMATKCH OPrAHITecKre KICHTOTHL, OKCHKHCHOTE 1 campru, Pacuay Geaxa p aspoomux yeuonnax Moen OsrTh persbax paso pasiihind Oakrepusut, TpmBanm ¥ aRrmeNoMt- weTaMa. os Hpi axasposuom pacnaye Geaka, nomio anMuara, we PeMKO OOpasyworex HenoANO OKNeseHItHIC oprannuectme ne- mjecTha, odsaqaionme HenpmATEAM opraronentstecnuMtt cnolieraantt — cepononopox, uxziox, aacimut, opramrueciae RnesOTEI, oKeMMeRoTH m7, x, Hepenxo upu ox0M oGpasy- fored m rasooGpaamble Upo_yKTH — Merax, yrsieKHexoTa I nogopoa. B anaopo6uix yeaonunx mporece THHenuH B ocHOS~ Ho MpONEXO;ULT Up YIACTINE pasTtoopaaiMx Gaxrepuit. Hexoropie muxpoopranusmut, paspymian 6erkm, o6paayior AROMNTHLE JUL MeAOBeKA IM AMMOTHBI CooRMMeHA, wo xi MecKAs MPHpO!A MHOMHX Ua UNX OCTaeTeN MoxOCTATOUTO usyyeHHoi, Tunaocrmre sxpoopranusamt crocoSmer paspyiate ne TOULKO Genk, HOT APYTHe asorcoyepaxKanue oprammvecKHe coegunenna (MOTORHIY, Movenyio uM THILUYpOByI0 KHCMOTH WT. J), a TaKAKe yraenopEL. Hurpucpmupyiomme anrorpoiprme Gaxtepum cmocodnmt onmerith aMMmak, o6paayiouytitcr mpu THMeRHM Gemton, B asoruyw KucuOTy: 2NHs + 302 = 2HNO; + 2120; 2HNOs -+ 02 = 2HNOs aswuars eucnopod azomueman — «ofa asomucras ruesopod asormian Dra pearnus Jaer wrKpOGaM ReodxoquayIo ouepriO, UU IRUBYT, MUTANCH TMM AMIMepANMIIKANE COLL, T. &. HBAIORC anrorpocban. Hexoropsre canpodhuzume Gaktopmn mnisinaior uporece noceranonaennH coueii aaoruolt KucnoTt, B axappoonsx YOUORHAX OM OTHUMAIOT KAHCAOPOR OT coaeit azorHo‘i KUC- MOTH H HCHOmBayIF ero [AA OKNCAMTCABHEIX peaxmpit. Asor- Man KucHOTA MPH 9TOM BHATaAe MpeRpamacres n asormeryi0 RUCHOTY, a GareM B ANMMAK, WK cRodoAMMTit aor. Baxrepius, BOCCTAHABINBAIOMINe AROTHYIO KACMOTY, HasinALOTeA ser rpucukaropasts. Bouyiuoe suayense » comexom xoasiicrse sae GaKre- PIM, OGuaRAPOUTKE cHocoOuocTHO HratECA rasvOCpasHKIst BLasorow, Onn Mepenoysr sTor xtoMenT B COETIHeMA, YCRORE- Mnle PACTCHMAMI, H HOOTOMY Kart Ot TTPAIOT poms ARIHHIX yaooponnii, Hexoropsre aaorycvomomye Gaxtepmat 7KuByT ‘cpo6oquo » toune (azoToGaxrep, Clostridium pasteurianum), a apyrue —» xoprenoit ccteme GoGopsrx pacternii, oOpasys KayGeHsKU, OSmenanecTHoe nosOHMTeADUOE AeiicTRTe GO0- BMIX pacreunit Ha MaofopoAMe TOM ncer{eIO oOLsCiTETCH paGoroil asorodpuxcupyiounex Gaxrepuli. Tipoctste caxapa (stono- m jimcaxapugnt) monneprarores paanoreHMo weebMa AOTINET MuEKpoopramuoscasnt, Kaxksyptit hijg atixpoda nepepadarsmacr amt crporo onpenenenusit caxap. DTM mHOra ToanAayoTesr Mpw onpeyesteuuH waa ¥ Mitxpoopranuamon, B upupoquoit oeraxonKe ee mpocrste caxapa (yraenoji1) paalaraores necbMa 6xiczpo. Bosee yeroiiuumer k soanelicrnno suNspoopranmamon Toxcaxapmyst, bcoGeuuo KueTsaTKa, ‘AspoOuste MMKpooprammastst OOLINHO oxteTAOT caxapa 10 YrueKUCHOTO Taga No;\kI, HO MROTIa B Cpe HAKOMAOTCS He- Koropoe Komu4eerso M APYTHX wemecrs, Hanpmep, opralist- MecKMX KHoHOT H cmmproD. ‘AriagpoSusle MUKPOOpranNaMAL pHIAGIBAIOT GecKucTopoT- novi pactiay yruenoyon, 7. e. ux Spomenme, Bounue ncoro Hac MHTepecyeT MOMOMNOMACHO® OpoRKeuMe, nosdyAwretAMiT KOTOpOrO ABMAITEs HecHOpOMOCHT® KOKKORMAMLLE 3 TAOTKO- pupuute Gaxrepnm. Dror upooce MoakOT OuITh BRIA c. yO ypannermem: CoH 1:05 = 2CHsCHOHCOOH -+- 48 xaca caxap woaowsan suesoma Tosco momowoi KncnOTH, pO wpems Toro Mpouecca oSpaayerest HeGoubm0e KoMMIEcTRO yKeyCHOi KECHOTH, BIL Horo CHUpra M WoKOTOpHEX pyTIX upogyRros, Tax wasnnae~ ase roMofepmenTaTupinte MONOTHOKMETMe Oakrepmt yaroT Imm, cHOySt uoGoNMAX MpoxyKtoR, a ¥ eveteporepMenra- THMNLIXY UX BsIXOA Gomee BuayHTeTEM. Moaowioxnemsre Gaireput cOpanaior ue TombKO reK- coam (caxapa ¢ mecThio aToaMa yriepona), HOM wenTODET, 'n , caxapa ¢ Mar atomasm yrmepona (CeHi00s). B nocse- Hem cuyuae caxapa pacuagmiores 3a MoxOwHyI0 yKcyeHylo KueOTH 6C5H 00s = 8CHs;CHOHGOOH -+ 3CHsCOOH ewmora ——aosoxwan rieaoma eyes wueroma 32 Moaounoxuesse Gaxtepmie spusmoren dbaxymeratusuisn guagpoGawnt. Oguaxo oi worepaaus cuocoGiocss x auixa- 1 Jaike npH YocTyue BosLyXa Upoutanogar Mo: Eup B38 POULSBOZAT MOcTONORUCTON Ha sepne 1 » myKe faulle BEETO BoTpesaLoTeA exesTyIOUALO BINABL MOMOMHOKHEX GaKTeprtit es Streptococcus plantarum — —romoepaeurarmmmuii, meaoipussanait | cTpouToKORK ‘Thermobacterium cereale —naaio“Komnzuaa romodepwewrananas (Bact. delbriickii) Sauctepun, © nopomenaan Textmepa- ZYPHEM Naxcemayaox (oxo. +0") —ueGomman — retepogepwentazannan maoma Betabacterium breve Hexoropsre monosmoxueame Gaktepmm uokasams ma puc. 22, Ort moro Goupuive axareume upx 6porxeuumt Tecra, MBrOTOMACHIN KICHOMOAOUELIX MpOMYk7on (MpocTORBALLA, Ke- dupa m 7. 1.) 4 coapenanun extpos. , Bouee catoxtnoe Mpenpamenne caxapos busiteawor OaKre- PHM rpynust KuMeIHOH TaToNu, Dru uecuoponocuse da- KYabTaTHBHO aMaapooHBL HeGoubUue NaZOIRN paamaraior caxap mo ciegyioujey ypapnenmto: 2CeH 120s + 10 = 2CHsCHOHCOOH + 260, ++ 2H + casap wo ao nas mucgoma —yesenucand e000p00 -+ CHsCOOH 4- C,Hs011 vseyenan eu ‘reac emupm ont gmmImS OF NonONuonenats, Gaxtepun rpyII RIIEY- Hm 0; a y ik na ywepraior GemkH TayGoKomy TunmocTHOMy Tunuyme npexerasutemt rpyrmux (Bact. coli commune u Bact, aerogenes) nacoumor Kumewtax sKutRoTHEEX m Hon0 nexa. Bact. levans —wmxpoG, vecoaa Ganannit wnmosoit nauouke, BeTpeyaotes Ha aepue HB MyKe. On oGpaayer ras na uepsiix (baaax Spoxensst recta m aBMAeTeR DHTONMIKOM RenyauBaHNA Maxapou, Dror uOpOK BOIHUKAEr mpi HeKOTO- PX YUYEenUAX TexHOMorM4eCKOTO NOpANKA, Tipx Macasuoxuenos Gpoxenum, muastuaemos crporo anaapoHIMM eHopoodpasyiouMMT HaxoTKAMM, caxap paspy- MaeTem To ypapneniio: ' Sy CoH1x05 = CHsCHCH,COOH + 2COz }- 2Hy+ 20 xnaa. caxep——maeatnan mucsoma | yeaente. aor ‘ant ens poD 3B. HL. Mumyermm, JI. A, Tpnonmreran 33Pue, 22, Mosomonnenae Gaxrepust a — cepemtonons (Streptocoocas 1ats); 6 — naxowra (Stet _— bacterium plantarum) Macasnoxneaue Oattrepy muasator raaaocruti paca Geaxon. Hompunruse opranomentiaeckue cxoiicTsa Macus- it TOR MHTAHIS x KOp- oft worestori MpuBOnAT K Mopye UpORy’ Nos, ecant bax DasbmnayreN MAGIAHOREONX GaXrepa Onnaxo macianas Kner0ra meoGxoqmMa Zax PAA upous- ot ROCTE. U UODTOMY wBIpaGaTERACrCA saBONCKEM nyTes 10- cpeerBom Gpozxoms Ipm passtononmm caxapa yponskanu nonyyawros sunutetit cuupr m yraeknemmit raa: CH 205 = 2CHsCHz0H + 2C0, +27 xnae. eaap ——emuavmet (eur -yenenuce ul) enupm atid ene He nee gponvm cnocoSunt c6paxnsars eaxapa, Hexozo- pule M3 HHX ABIMOTeA aDpoGaMM MH cymecrBywT, oKKCIAA YiulenoyM Tu opramtucerue KUCAOTE. Aporvsn, usiaiwaomue Oporerme, mpegcrasinor codoit Gaxyaprarmanse axaapoos. B anaopoonnx yenonuax oun cOparkunawor caxap, a mpu Zocryne Imectopoxa moywepraror ero oxucxexno 70 CO: « Hz0. Hooromy pecryn soazyxa K epexe, B Koropoit npoucxoauT paspuTHe powell, peaKo YMeHBITaeT MIXON cuMpra, HO B TO ne upeM yermTURACT pas Mgorxenue zpowsxett, HoyoOnar ofcranosKa mpogmanepeuio coaqaetes Ha mpontmensrx savojax. B nacroamee npema onucano Sommoe xoxmuectno pas- Trax xpoxcrenicx opranuasion, Ha ux » upouecce mpuro- yoRTONNA Tecta TuaNTT¥I0 Poxs urpawT mpepcrauuzean pore Saccharomyces (passe pacst wuga Saccharomyces cerevi- siae). XueGonerapane mpoavan pon oGuagarn ompene- HOMHBIT KavecrBamn: GposuAbHO! cnoco6UOCTEH i XOpO- jueii noxnemmolt exroit (r. e. cmocoGuocrsio xopomo TO; mmaatb Tecro). Bpojamme xporoxut Berna nepewarores 3a BepHe 4B MYKo, OnRaKO pam yexopenuN OponmaKAmx upo- weccon B tecTe (mp usrorounermt nuenusHoro xu1e62) B HeTO BROMMTeH cHeMMALBHO MpHTOTORAAEMETe APOHREDLe xyastyput. Hx npouszogar nam xposvKesue aanojr mim ene QMAIbHbe Wexu xTeGHEIX 8aBoy0B. Kak yae ormevamocn, » seple conopmares nommeaxa- pune — KpaxMaz, menrosausi a Kuer4aTKa. Dru coosunemux Yebaunalote wuxpooprankemamu ¢ G6mDmMIM TpyqoM, ext npoorue caxapa, Hamsexee yeroiiuus x voazeliersme muKpo- opraniamos xKpaxmax, Koropuit pagtaraeren exoropuiatie Saxrepuaun (Ranpmmop, macasmorncatimm). Bnauureasian MACTh AKTANOMMIeTOR IC WrecHeNAIX TpH6O TaWwKe cmocoia miratsea xpaxmastont, MaxpooprannaMn, yenamparomquo xpax~ Mam, Mpespamalor ero BHaYae » MIpoctoit caxap, a savos oxucamor uxk cOparkiawr, B cumprosom mpousnoperse 3 85ovens ‘qacto HeHOABSyIOT cbipse, comepicamee Kpaxwan (sepuo im xapropean). 1 Taxes cayuae KpaxMaut nper- papirrensxo ocaxapupaor, GepMeutom aatntasoil, TAK Kar RpOsKU MOFYT COparsimarh aut upoctne ¢hopsne caxapon. Orpasmsennoe xomsecTRO MUMPOOpramNaMoB cuocodTo pasnarath TenTosaHMnt W KaeTHaTKY. OTH CoeAMHeHTEA Mepe- PaarnwnoTed MOKPOTAMM xe TeTTO, W MX Pacay B sepwe Ir Myke OrMevaetoa aoe, yaanen- |." 1 puooogepe (p) | "Hoh oF Ropiear a J Onee 0~25 +300 000 4.500 200 3060 240 000 500 Tmerama 025 4150000 4 800 30-60 280 000 700 400 B nogmaxorox exo, re wuxpoopranmasnt passimora- wea Gouee caa6o, axtunupylomax poms KopHonoit cucTesst va mmxpodiopy Goee samerEa. OGoramenne pusocipeps: ammkpooprainsxannt osscuAeTen Tex, TO pACTeNUM BDLAEAAIOT Ha KOPHeMt n nowy nexoTOpOE KOMMICCTRO OpraxitieckHX coeyMMeMnit —caxapos, aMuno- HucroT 1 oprammeckix xucaor. Togo6uoro pona samenne Hoaysui0 HaspaMMe oxaocmoca. OGuee KOmMHeCTBO oprasit- UOCKEX CoerTMOMMit, NOCTYIMOMIUX HYTEM 9KBOCMOCA B TOUBY, ROxomUT 70 5% om eyxoro veca pacturemsuoit maces, Bi pocmeli Ha nome 3a wereranuonuEsit uepros. Kpome ‘Toro, pactorms nenpepsrsio cOpaccisawT © nobopxuoctm Kopuelk OTMepume KaeTRM OMHXepAEMea TE KopHesEre BOAOCKI, KOTOpHe Toe eAYKAT XOPOUIIM NETOTUKOM MHTANMs 7A MEKpO- oprannsyios, acrinmuo orwnpacr m caa Nopueuan cueTeNa, Bee aro coaqaer Ha HouepxHocTH KopHeit mw ueHOcpejcTnOr- noit Garma0eTa or mux yexosite, GnaronpHATIME juIst paauiTii pasnooGpasirx MmKpooprannamon, 7Cocran KopHenux BienenMit M opranATecKMx OcTATKOR nmeer y pasmunnix pactenni csou ocofennoctn. Tax, y a7a- on pit akaoesfoce msiyoTAOTeH upeumymecTnento caxapa H OpraHumecxHo RNGKOTHI, a Kopweswe RAIRETeRNA CoGomsLx pacrenmi orocrTessio Goraye aMUHOKNeNOTAMN m APYTHML Pporeosepranun coonuuenmmis, Heommuaxos y pasnsix pactounit 1 xnMaueckuir cocTaB KOPHERMX OcTaTHOR (KOpHe- Flt ona), a TaKAKe H cocTan MUKpodaopst pusocibepat pas- mrannrx pacrermit, TR puaocdepe pacrenuii n nayaze nereranuu mpeoGaxaoT Gaxreprt (dcoGexHo wHOTO axecb WecropoMocHEIX Gaxtepmit) B70 We BPOMST GaNYLET TTAUNTETBHO MeMbUTE TO CpanHeHIHO ¢ nx Roauwocruoy B Wowwe. OTHOCITTeIHO MeMMOTO B sone opis 1 arrunoxomezon. Ko npeerit cospenanua ypotast Mouna Sonn KOpR oSoramactost CamLaNT 1 axcruxommne- rat, Pagnuit coctan amkpodutopsx praocepst B Tevenmo cosona OGLsACHAETOR TOM, WTO MecttopoHOcHETe Gaicrepunt Tero pasamoriaores 1a cyGerpatax, GorarHix yruenonaMie H cBC~ jun pacrntenbmanin ocTATKAMM, GANHILIBT, wsseroute Comee Mompryio (PepMentarmBdy!o cnetemy, LoMAEMpyioT Bo Drop! Gee pacriaya opramnrecknx ocraTHon, Korna werk ToCTyu- fate MUKpOGAM ueLectBa yae menomoovauis, K womoury conpenauiit YpOrKaN VKGOCMOC PeOKO OTpaHIINBACTO MMI KpoGes BEMYIMeHET AOROTHCTBORATHCA AMI OTMePMTIMIT Aq cravit KopHenoit CMOTEMDI, ComeP'RAMYIMA MHOTO COMET coesmnennit. Ta mecroponoensx Gaxrepuit » ane Kopna B GombuTOM xomuuectne BerpevaroTom mpercrasnrern porta Pseudomonas (Ds, fluorescens, Ps, herbicola m p.). Ps, fluorescens o6pa- gyet sa ‘TOpyBIX WTATENBMBIX opeax ceponarswo Tam Gec- TpeTEBIe KOTOHMM, BHOBAOMTE dhudopecnoMmM cpeyEt. Ps, herbicola qaer soaomuer0-yKeaTH1e Koro. B paaoedepe perpewaorest Hewamo aimsoOaxrepuii, KoTopuim epoticTBentist Gecrperusie Mt MUCMONTHpORANUBLe B PASUIO TOMA KOTOMEL. B woeweyweo Bema YoranowNeHo, wo pusocipepa pacro- amit conepaxur noa6ymurencii Mososmoracaoro | 6pomtomme. ompmunicrno uo HX BuIUwaer ToTopodpepMeHTATIMDIG M0- TomroKnenoe SporKerme. B pmaocibepe serpovaioren rawoxe runtocTMETO Gamsitnst (Bac, mycoides, Bac. subtilis, Bac. mesentericus): “Hapany ¢ Hecnopouociiina Gakropusam B 20me KOpHs AO- BoaBMO MHTOHCHANO pasMxo;aTOTeR BABII THOM, OTHOCA- mmuect % pogam Penicillium, Trichoderma, Fusarium mr. 2. — Omraxo meso rpuos » pusocibepe ropaszo sensme, vem Saxropnit. : Tipeqctasaenue o rpynnonom cocrane mmkpodaops prao- cept slaer Ta6n, 2; cnenenua orHoesTen K Mme, BAIpa- mjennoii Ha jepHORO-TopsomMcTO! MoTBe. TaSaunazd Tpynnocott cocmae wurpodiaops. puaccgeps nuermyes (Cleo wmxpoGos B THe. Ha 1 2 HOuBE) asa pasnurna | “twoxo | | Heorroponoe- Sma ecrenun” | oansepua | msscourepma| Baxwmas | scr: | sonop sumeron, Kymenno. . . 205 000 2 Komomenwe « « 447 000 3000 & 5 Ilperomne . . + 546000 | 14000 | 100 70 Cospenanne . : 205000 | 75000 | 300 45 Wrax, waxenMassnoe xommiects0 suxpoopranusqos 3 pusochepe uabwiogaerca upu nuerenun, B jamsuelimest mux- poOuast oGcemencnnoer, pusocibepst cumitacres, Tak Kak axaoeMoc K 9TOMY BpeMeNT enIAnKO Tragaer. Campodmmsre amtxpooprannayst, Koropse *ubyT B sone KOpHA, KaK Mpapuxo, uo MpouMKaloT B ero KMeTRu, Dru cnotictaos o6:aj(aror mmm Mapasiraprere atmkpoORt w Heatzo- Towicnexman Tpynia WHEMUX opranisMon, *UBYOYX » cnt Guoae o pacrenuest (om. xe). Hoxoropste Gaxrepmt 1 rpubur, oGuraiomme y Kopra, 10- eremenno TlepexonAT wa maseMMyi ‘aeTn paasmparomerocn pactonma 1 paccenmoren na neit. Timmensiain pecypeamn ym HX CTYHAT BOMeOTBA, BEITeTAeMBIE pacrenHeM Ha WoRepx- ocr pmuizeparica, Mixcpooprammams nowssc 1 puvocdepix urparor Comuryr0 pom, » muiranun pacreuuii. B upocrepamusonaunott m ne yaobpenuoli muuepaneusimit coxmat noune, Te YRMITOReME Muxpoopraruiextel, pactenUn PactyT UXOXo, HoCMOTPA Ha TO, uro oBmee cojeprtanne HeoOXOsUMEIX JIM HIX aTeMeHTOR Moxter OsITs ocTarownBiM, 70 cEAsAHO © TeM, WTO B MpUpoR- RX YelOBHAX OCHOBEME IMITaTeabEBIE BeMecTBA YewaltDa- JoveR pacreMtime ranma OOpasoM B DNAS muNopamDUMAK commenti, mepexonammx m pactnop. Bonumax xe acts aanaca WoneaMx odeMeHTon conepavite B nOGe B hopwe 39HeROCTYTINX pacrerMAM CHOAMUAX OpraHMeckms wT Hepac~ TmopMMnrx sutrepatbHDIx coegunennit. Maxpoopraniamgt Bbt- BeIBAIOT MMMTOpamMBaruio OpranuMeckX noMecTs, a Diem xmexorst 1 COs, 1ocTenerHo KepesonaT MHorMe stumepats- wae coosmnenta n chopMy, ZocrymHyi ju pacteuuii, Tarun oGpasom, noreunsaTsHoe TrogoporMe MoM Tox vospeli- crpnte MuKpoGon cranonmres: acbibexTHBTETN. Tiponece cosnanna adihexrmmnoro mitoxoponma He BceTTa mporeaer axepriwiHo H ile YRoBAeTROpsET nosHOCTEN GaktH- weckyIo HYKy pacremmit nw mmratexnux semectsax, To- DTOMY AH NOMYTeENA DEICOKOTO ypowast neqOCTATOMMe B Howse mUTATEAENEE BNEMEHTHT BHOCAT B BUC MAEPAMBARK Tun TOrKo paamararonprxes opranimeckux yAoGpennrt, Tlownesto snmmopammax coosimennit, wa pocr. pacrenstit oxaanpaso? Ssrarornoprioe RansmHe Tak Haskinaennre Gaxroper Gonoanuresvnoco nuranus, K wim oTHOcaTCs. RNTAMTAS, POCTOBHIe REMeECTHA, AMHMOKUCAOTH WM HeKOTOPHIe APyTHe co- ommerus. Hecstorpt mia jlonoasu0 caoxuoe erpoenme ux Morenym, 91 nemecrDa peacsivalotes KopHenol cmotemolk pactenmit 1 meperater B ero uagsemmy: uacTs. Daxtopst JotlommMTensToTo THTAHH TAKE BEIpAOATEIBALOTER MHKPO- opranmmasaMn. Taxmn oSpasom, pacrommm 7o6srmaror aHATITTeMBNYTO WaCTs MOOOXOAMUGIX UM BeMecTn ¢ KOMOMTWO MITKpoopranwason. Dro Toanorser rosoprTs 0 cmmGuorpodhmame pacronmit (cx 6x03 © simepoGamnr, ToAToTORAmOMEMH TTY). Moryr Gur: yeranormem je0 KaTeropmm cHmGqorHye- xx otHomenntt pacteuuit 1 suxpooprannanon. Tipr pasdeavxom cun6uorpogiusme mmpoost, nonroranmn- naromute WML, aUByT B TORE Tmt pusoedhepe. Ons mTa- TOTCH BEICICHHAMM HM OcTaTKamM pacTountt. TIpr werunnon cus6uorpodusne wmtpoopranaMsr BHOA- palores B Kopenyw cncTemy pactenuit m mcmomBayior pax IKITBHM COCAEBCHNA, WAXOAMMeCH BR TRAHAX PaCTeHHA. B cpow ovepeys om cwaGaaor pacreuno-xoaama Mmne- DarrbmEMN nemecTaasH, a moguac m ibakropamu jortominm- ‘ToabUOTO orraRME, Tamrumum xpmxepom nevmmoro cmmGnorpodmama aB- amorest commrerseTno GoConEIX pactenmik ¢ Kay SeRBKOBKIMMT Gaxropnayn (Psoudomonas radicicola). FaySensnonsto Gax-- TepHM, MPoHNaT 8 Kopent GoSoRoro pacteHta, oOpasyror TaM MACCOBKIe COMER UL DELABIRAIOT THMEprpodMTecKoe paa- pactarne TKan, Ha KopHax Woswamotes xapaktepmne Kary 40 Gomme. KayGersxonsie Gaxrepri yenarmarr armocdbopinit ASOT H MepexopiT ero n coeHTeTMHT, FocTyTMELe pacTeHNo, Cao Kya B MMe Ww onepran tH Gaxrepmt TOKprnaIoT 8a cue FHOportcoRepaxAMtX peuecTs, opasylonyaxem n pac~ Temm npu horocuurese, B To Ke BpeMst accinmamponannntit SaxropuAMN agoT B snauITTEMBARIX KoMTUecTBaX TepemacTen pactexmo, B ocnontiow of Mocrymaer p ero nalsemaylo wacTs, HO B HEKOTOPKIX KOIMTecTHAX octaeTeA UB KOpHeRO! cH erexe, Toone aananrkn maacta, sauntoro Go6onsrm tnt execnio GoGounx H anaKonHIx, rowReHNELit eno‘ oSorantactest coemmonnmen agora. Tosesuoe xeitersme GoGonmx jute B ToNeHMO MecKOmBRAX eT. B cpeqwe 2a rox mocon monepms wa naomane 1 ca yenampaer oxou0 300 xe MomoKysapmoro agora, a moces Kae~ Bepa Wf ommomeruux GoGormx pacremmit ma taxol xe 110~ agar — oxocro 100—150 x2. Hpmmepno rpersa vacrs o70r0 samaca mocze yOopru ypoman ocraerem ua Tome. Crmbnormieckme oSpazozarnest maeren dhopsmpyestas HeKOTOPEINK pmax W KopHenoii cucremoii pactermit ‘Tak Hasnmmaemas Miopisa (rpn6oxopens) . Murcopiaoo6pasonamme overs umpoKo pacpoerpaneno y casmix pasHooOpasnerx rpyrm pacrenuii. To-mmpmowy, ator cHMGHOs HeCKMA TaNNeTO MponexostexenUT. On oSHapysKen emle y HoKoTaeMErx Mpexcranmteneit pactutenbHoro TapeTRa. Tpu6noit enuGnos waGmojacter y mumaiirxon, wxon, rarro- POTENKOB, TpaBanNeTHX M epeRaHMersrx pacrennit. Brom aunt Baa M BHYTpeMHAR eTpyRTypAa MMKopHa MoryT cHNBHO napsnponaTs. Paammawr arrorpoduyio, aunorpodmyio | m akTO-ngorpodpuryio wakoproEr. BxrorpobHas MmKopraa oTAeTeA npERTe Beero enOME XapakTepHAIM BROMINE BIAOM: KopenH oKYTEIBACTER THTOT- HIM FpHOHM TexTOM, oT KoTOpOTO BO Bee CTOpoITEE pacmpo- empanaerest onomsHo Tyctas cers rm. Tpnnuto radix mpo- IMKaOT B KOpeHs Ha HeSomsmyio rxy6my, orpanwuneasice TpeRMyMecTReNKO MeRKIeTHMKAMH oKToKepsrs. Ilopenite- ance, OM oGpaayior azeck rycryio cers, Hasnannyio Papr ToncKolt, To HMeHW OOHapyxkuBTIeTO e¢ TecmoAONATeTA. Oprano mp Gopsmporanm axrorpoduoit mumopuase wir nearit rpu6a Mpormkaer we ToIBKO MesKIY KuleTKAME KopoROit TapenxHMOr, a, KaK Mpannxo, uleupuotem B HITX. Drm serena oeraroros auaHecocoBHEnMH x repenapmBator mines. Oco- Genno uurexcunkO oToT Mponjece myer n Goce ruyGoKO pac- NoOREHHEX KOPOBLIX KoTeTKAX, 4Tlon nelicranem pacrnrossnol xnerkm Bryrpunnerounntit Munenmit mHorya oSpasyer KTyOHH, TpeBOBHAELIe passeTAie- Mg Ma nARYTSTO OKOTTTAREA, Tipm oxrorpoduoi sakopnse momma rpuGwoit exon oveMp YacTO TAK OKYrEIBACT oKONTAMNA GoKORBIx KopuCli, 470 Onn HovegaioT, a NOMOMEHME BORE M MtTATOTBNBIX BeTmeCTB ocyMecTDMeTCA B TAKOM CTyTae TPH WoMOMM MUCH TpH- Gon. Hapyatrott caoi xmeT0K xoptx Koprm o6trimo noqBep- Taoten Gouleo HIM Monee HOXHOMY paspymrerao. Tamme pocronste oKoRMaHiia KopHelt MMOFyIIEE TIO OT- nomenm0 K TpHGy m afech wmoprsa wo o6pasyerca, B20 oGpacuneren Tex, Tro POcTonKie KopuH G1teTpo MpooKoBeWT, OCIA B LepAHTHoM coCTOAMMN ToBKO YromMeIHoe OKOT- naan. Muxopnsa —o6pasonanme omoneruee m xampssit ror, posobHonaseTes Ha HOMMX wacTAX pacrymeit Kopronoit c- creMst, Y xopneit ¢ ongorpodmoit waxopmaoit vacrs mmemmam- HBIX OKOMANMi BAXOAHT B Noy. OAM He Tak TycTst m me o6pasyror rpuduoro YoxIa, Kak Mpxt oxToTPodnolt soTKopHae, nosroxy Kopiienste nomocku y pacrenuik ¢ ougorpodyuot am xopraoit ofsrno coxpansioTcs. Y spanmmeroit pacturemsuocrs obsrsH0 opanyeres DxTO- mpoipnan mum nepexonacro rama wmKopusa. Muxopmsa mepe- XomIOrO THA (s1TO-oNAOTpOpuaN) cosMeraer B ceSe YepTHT, cpoliernennme axrorpaipnoit x sHToTpodrott. Tipu oGpasonanma xumopuast m0Goro Tra rpm6 He pac- npoctpanseren qaubue Kopozoro cxoa, Jbum, mapasntmste TpnGst, oOpasylouyre mcenxfoumKopiay, nKenpmotem n ment parsiniit MMHAP, WTO UPUBOANT K yruoTeMMmo pocra mT TnGeam pacrorms. B oramine or mapaanrapnsrx rpuGon, MAKopusoo6pasopa- Team anaTMTeMBHO YryNMAWT paanurme KopHenoit cHoTesA pactemmii, a, caoqonaTemsHO, MoBuIMarT ypomait. To, ro emocoGernyer xopomexy. pocry cempexoxoaali- crBeHHAX KYIBTYP, YTYTMaer, KAK MpaBaxo, x Gopumposa- Hue Ha NX KopHaX smKopran. B wactHocrm, nocbMa O1aro- TIpHATHOS RAMI OKABHAOT opramMecKue mM ComBUMTH- erHo MamepatDuEx yAo6pennit. Boamkaer. nonpoc, Kaxyro me uomssy rpn6-cum6nonr Tipmmocar pacremmo? Dro nananMe wmororpaxxo, TpuGuoit mnmennit, oxpyntato~ murit Kopens, ynoaHuneaer ero paSouy1 uopepxnocrs, 110- 42 promy para 1 MmrarexbHMe pomeCTBa TOrsfomtaroTen ay IME, Tlurareususe vomectva, Koropsie yewampawren pacrenuem, B BKANITENBHOH CTeHeHH YOTORATeR caMHM 7Ke TPUGOS, TAK xax ero Tudhst mapeamor hepxerrs u upoxyRTst 2xuaMeneR- TCMBHOCTH, RINSIOMNE UA PACTROPMMOCTh MEOTUX peNTeCTS nous, [puGn-muxopmsoo6pasonaresm mponynupyior dpaxto- PUI poeta m To9TOMY Mory? coyeiicrnonaTs pocTy pactenun. Cretexarirecnoe noxomeme pir rpn6on over pastoo6- paano. Cocran noxednoit mmpoipnopsr aon Koprt pactenna Mower OsiTs yayuNeH Up BHECeHUM Gakrepualbusrx yo6pe- nui, Ceitvac » uameii arponommieckoi upakrmKe TmpoKo Mpumensioren Oakrepuanbabie yqoOpemmt — asotofaxtepmn ut bocibopoSaxrepu. B nepnom 18 Hix conepaten GaktepuT Azotobacter chroococeum, crocoSmas chmkenponars ra2006- pasnntit asor, B chochopodaxrepme peiierayromue racat0M caynur ertoponoenas maromxa Bac. megatherium, exocobuan pasnarars dochopxo-oprammecxne coomsmenna. Baxrepa- Amn ypo6pertimm oBpadatsmaoren muicenaemute ce- Moa, Ir 970 Yertnmaer pasniirue cOOTSeTCTBYOMIUX MOOSHETK Ipyum wmkpooprannamon 8 praocdhepe. Mnorna GoGonnt pacrortna m1oxo obpaayior Kaytee, ro MpunowHT K cHIEREMM oMepram cnasmamus arsocdep- noro. azora, B taxow enytae menomayror Saxrepiamsuoe yq06- peHKe , 1To SHa- aureannast ‘acts womernoi xmpodhropst npuAocHT wecox- HenHylo Tomay HRICMeEMY pacrertmo, crlocoSerByA ero iit amo, pocry M Sophie ¢ woadyntrensst pasHooSpasnbix sabomenanmit, STHOUTHAA MHKPOOMOPA PACTEHHI Wf MEUKPOOPPAHM3MbI 3EPHA ‘Mur yaxe anaem, +170 ‘act MuMpoopranusson pwraoedpepst bo upesin RETETATHIE pacresMN MepexoT Ha ero HaylBoMTEe opraust « mpomossKaet ayecs paaunvatest. Hexotopoe Kom MoctBo MEKpoOpramisMop sanocnTesA Wa TOREPXHOCT’ pacre- ‘Hull ¢ 1bLIbIO 1 HaceKOMPIMT. Muxpoopramiasut, paammnaromuecs wa nlonepxnoera pacy reuuit, noayucmr nassanme commputoe>. Mincpobet-annirat uo Uapaawtapyior wa pacremmt, a pactyT ga cuer WOpNaNh- HBX RATeMCHM ero TKanelt 1 HMEONUIXCH Ha LOBEPXHOCTH pacrounit HeGoabIMNX KoaMUeCTS opTaMecknx sarpaawernit (mui «1. 1,). JlonomnerBosarben cro ekyslHhIM TtraHiteM MOTPT fameKO He RCe MUKPOOpraMiasnr, TOITOMY cocras aUMpurKol scuKpodTOpEr OBOAHHO cHeMuateR. Syuectaonarme pintbmrxnIx MIMKpooprannaNon Wa 340 pono pacteHm4 n anauireMbuOi creuemA cAAsANO © KL Mammecksmer yenonuni. [pa Sxaroupnaninix yenomasx, Hanpimep, no “Wlancnyio Worony, KomHiecreo umdaTasx Mrpooprannamon suauirresrbo HOspacraer, a B CyXy10, TH- oGopor, ymenbmacres. Y Tex pacrornit, Koropee wuTeHCK- Heo BLIeIMIOT MOLY OOMeHA KueTOK, MiTKpodopa Gorave if pasHoodpaanee, Kpomo enoGan, auersen 1 apyrmx waqsestubix opranon pacremiit, snmepoopraniasut 2xunyT Wa cemenax. Herimoxe- Hite COCTAMASHOT ceMeHa, TOTHO AAKPITBTE IONORKIMIT WLS cemMenHEmar oSOmOTKAMH, HampuMep, crpysit CoGonntx. B ra- Hn CTYTAAK YO MOMCTITA PACKPHITIA OFOTOWeR COMeLA MpAK- Tuecnit sme wotxpopropsl. "Pao, 3 xapakropmayer Mmipodxopy pasuetx sacteli pac- renuit uulemmmt m pK no npeNsT-RereTANU. OnK paNATE noaysenust M. Jl. Uysrax nox Mockuoit n yenonnax nonomsHo paaiuoro sora, Yuet Mirkpooprawramon MpousworMIC 10- cenont Ha istco-uentounrit arap, Tax Kak Tia wovepxnoctt pacremirit ueerca Bechéa neMHOro rpiGon u akTMMOMTMOTOD, To HoryueHHMe KuipHr UpacrimeckH WoKasLIBANOT TTeTO Oak repuit, at TaGamyad Yucaexnocmy suxpoopeanuasioe wa paste Macmax peomenus (ua 1 ¢ pacronua) Hepzog aaxo-| Monowsant sramunanue | apenact® ‘Moamas openoors “Tnore, pacresint P osmee sm, Timennma Mmen wk eee ee 600, 20 19 300] 280 55 880, 83, CreGem . 2. ee 160 410 | 14.300) 150 417600 53 ROG sew eueee 300 40 1300) 166 4700 80 Sepuo (crepmmbno m+ wueweuuoe) .. +. 3 ate 1530, 3 Bepxio (pysnoro oGwono- * 7 page en : 5400 | 20 Sepxo (obmoz0r KouGait- Wad 6 sk dena | 63000 | 23 Poms Jhuer +e ee + (2900 | 70 | £330] 4100 | 332000 | 140 CreGomh 2 ee 460. 0 | 4800; 66 } 55560. 85 Fou 1 wTETtoe 860 | 103 | 400) 450 | 47200 | 128 Sepuo (crepumpuo ua- BueveuHoe) .. . 2 10060 | 7 Sepno (pyanoro o6xto:10~ bd), og a “am & 35 8 8 136 S Bepuo (oGmaaor KowGaii- | eS MO pha aad 3h | 21600 | 33 TaxmMt o6pasox, R Mporecce pasnHTHA pacrerAA mporexo- Aur MaKontenne intkpoduiopst Ma Wonepxnocrm ncex ero sacteit. B jannom cxyyae ormesaeTon sHaunTeabHoe yRea- ueHHe KowuecTBa MuKpOOOR K IlepHoAy Mooi speocTH pacreuus, Ha pacreum, rak 8 pusociepe, rslanmast o6pa- JOM paaMsloaKalores! HecHopouocHme GaxTepui, a Sangre cocranamor sm HeGoabmoit nponent Gaxtepuamsnore om qumoro uacexenuts. Tipu yOopxe 1 oGmosore sepuo cusbuo sarpasuserer MUR: poopramiaqasm, Bonbuioe auavenue mpm oTom meer malts. 45ax mancemio, n rtoune cojlepatitzes orpoMHoe KommeCRBO Mut KpOOpraHMsMOs, KOTOPMO COXPAUMOTCH B MIBLIN 1 7KHBHECTTO- cobtom cocrosmum. ict, nens6exuo nORAMMaOManos Tp YOopKe m omodOre Beplia, wouasAer Ha ero WovepxHOCTL. Boasuian croueus sarareuocra upuwojur x Gomee cHitb- omy odorameniuo sepa auxpoGasm, Ene Gompmo, vox TMb, 2QrprasuoT SepHODyIO MAccy WECOK, sea H ApyrUe upumectt. Tommecrso usm 1 MunkpoGon, saqepaMmaromuxcs wa aopie, anne orgacrs or yeaonHit 0OMouoTa u aaTsITeHHO- CTH Cpeg, HO B sHaUUTeABNO Mepe u oF MopdpouorsrTecKEK npusttaxou sepna. Boposa, mepoxonaras nonepxuocT® oMn- jepmuica WM TweTowRte WienKM cHoco6eTByIOT CKOUNEHMO qa MopepxHocrn sepua Gonsmero KomMTecTnA UGLIK H MIK- poopramrsqon. Tlostomy aepwo saaKxonnx » Gommelt erenentt Tacexexo MMxpoopraniaMamtt, TOM COMEH MeKOTOPHIX MaC- TMUEUX m GOGOBLIX, UMCIOMUX POBRYTO, TuayKy! MOBepX- ocr. ‘Bo npesa amorogasnoli yOopxu, Kora menny KocsOoit re oGqoxoros sepuo MaXomMTEH B KOMOCE, KMOrAA BYPHO Passi Bawoved MuKpoopranusMix ua neoli PacrHTeaBHO! Mace, UD wacTHOcTH, Ha aepRe. 970 mportexogu” upa HeGuaroupmarasrx RUMMATHCCKHX YOTOBEAX (FORITHBO uoLOAe, BEICOKOH OT~ HocuteabHoi BawWAHOCTH BoatyXa mT. 7), a TAKE BMA rexBHOit BHatOcTA sepHa. OcobeHHo arepritio auxpoopra~ Tutawnt paaMmonaroren Ba aaponpnUe, H-1arKMOCT! KOTOPOLO Gonee phicoxa, Heat y ovraubmx wacteit sepia. Femr sepHo Tipit avoxt Ho Gyslet Gnierpo OOMOoTeHO, YOpAKO m BHIEYIMeHO, 0 oro FacTHuHlas TAM TlosKas Hopya HeraGeaHa. ‘Mirgpooprammannt Hananmspaxorcs n sepxonoii Macce BO peut mepesosku ee x aepuoxpanuumiy. Tp atoat sarpa- HeNMMe TpaucHoprane cpeyCTRAa MOryT ObLTb He TOABKO UcTOT- MiMaMn OCaupeyUBIX CAPOPATHSIX MHKPOGOR, HO K HEKOTO~ PSIX nEJOR MaToreuubix MuKpoopramtanon. B_ wexoTopstx cnyaanx sepxo sarpsuuserca Kaewjaxm. Tesouyermsto mc- ponsaonarb jist tParcHOprUpoBKU sepHa SecrapKM,, rpmame Mant, sumpranemyi Tapy mt. R. Tootomy sepHo, wast poo gust AMATHBA ¢ BACOTORUTOMHEBIX TyMKTCR Hart Toprovolk comm, weorga Gomee GoraTo MITKpoopraNuaMassit, eM TO, KOTO- poe MouTyseHO HerOcpes(eTAeHHO Hs KOTOCA. B omeabunx onywasx vepmo Moser Opt p paamnaHott crenemt o6cemencno wmxpoopraimaxanss. [ostomy oGian uMemeMMocTh MuKpodwopit sepHa wo MOACT CIMT eAWH- 46 CYBeHEEIM KPHTepHeM Upu omenKe ero KatectBa. B arom or- HOMCHHN sHaUUTEURHO Somes Xapaktepen BRYOBOK cocTAD maxpooprazuanton sepia, JloSpoxarectnenuomy sepuy enoii- eTeHHA JOBOILHO THNAMHAR MMKpOdsOpa, KOTOpan cymect- BeHEO MaMeHAeTCA Up Cro LOUpantxbNoM XpateruM w uopye. Tootowy wugouolt cocran muxpoopranuasion Moser 6x17 11c- Nodg0Hax KAK HONagaTOME KaecTha xpansMmeroes septa. T'paMm 7o6poxatoctnemmoro sepna MoxeT coRepIATH ne CKONBKO MIELMONOD sapoxmcii atmKpoGoD. Uueweuuocrs MUKpoopranuagos Ha sepHe (B TBic. ma 1 2), BBATOM ¢ BArOTOBHITeAIBHEI MYAKTOD, MpHMepHO CxeAyTOMaR: Poms |. ote he. 2500 Mmemma ... 2.2... 4.500 Onee (Ges unerounnx nenox) 700 Puc (Ges mBoToTRNX neHOK). 250 Topor. ss... eee ee 40 Hynypysa. ss... ee 20 TUpOOO ews ous ema a + 20 Drm jaumae opnentuponourne. B page cxysacs mpoms- RONCTREHANTe ANAIHSM DUOMHE AOGpoKANeeTReHNOTO sepHa MOTYT aT padi HoKasareau, Oxwaxo peskoe ywemmmentie MUICHOHHOCTH MuKpOGOB MAGiLIOAAeTeA MAME mpm pagHTTOTO poua wopye (uoxsouxa sepxa, sasapunulicn mpoyece camoco- rpenanin m7. 7). Comena tonsarix xyawryp, a raxae KyKypyabt (novarke koropoit eaxpuria oGeprkaym) m GoGoDs1x (coapenatomme n empytKax) mocae o6sozora oxastinaioTom Gorce Gemuntusr aamxpohaopolk, sea comeKA MMEMIEL W prs, Y pacreamit ueppoli rpyuuet ocHosuas macca muXpocKomiTe- ckiIX cyMeers Paapiimaeren Ha Tex WACTAX, KOTOPLe HPLKpLI- nalot cospeawmes ce. Ochosnas somxpodnopa sepa cocrour ue Caxrepuil, Dro noxasano » xeenegonannax #1, H. Payrenmreiiua, Koropsuit Mpocaeyut HamMeueuNe woExpodpaopar TmeMmmGt ua pasusx crajuinx e0 coaperama (rada. 4). Or6op Komocken npomrano- HULIen crepumbHO, m TocTopomnee sarpranenie momHOCT‘IO ucKmoyaock. B aroi mame o6meo uncxo smxpobon mpst Moxommoit enenoct# mpunato aa 100. Bomsmyio wacts OakrepuasHoro wacewonUA comsH ex Pactennil cocrapusor HecuopoKocuEIe HANOI 18 pona Pseu- domonas, axtusHo pasMHo>Karoumecs Ha HoBepxuocTH pacre- amit, OooGenuo aero serpoyaetea Ps, herbicola, xovopam a7Pa6nnma 4d Raueonaciamit u opynnoeoit cormae nupoguops nwenustoca aepna —_— Tiponeat 6me0 sexo |; ——— Copr mewn) Crastat apezoern | “watxpoopr axeru Ho "sn pudos) Sizetos | Moxounast 400 | 98,0 4,4 | 0,6 Thesuym 0111) Bockonas 218 98,5 | 0,8 | 0,7 Toasax yGopoa- 99,9] 0,1 | 0,0 wan oSpasyer na awepaBIX uLITArosHUDIX Cpeyax KOTOMUE GosIOTH- cro-atearore asora, [IpeoSuaganue vtoli Gaxreprm ua sepue cayiun HoKasarenem ero xopommmx Kayects, [Ipu ncenosMoak- MAX MOpoKAX oToT suIKpoopranuae ppIrecHaeTest ypyrustu. He- poate Ma sepue morker Guith uaiinex Ps. fluorescens, aims qhnoopecnupyromue Roar, H3 Gaxrepmit apyrMx BUAOR Ha Sepue nerpevaiorer stuxpoKoKKn (Micrococcus luteolus 1 zp.); Monounoxucmste Gaxrepmt um 7. 3 Ha sepHax KyKypy3s HoH yyavlenia obepToK UeCKOAKY ynemunBaercx ICO Mukpoxoxkon. Io oToMy mpusuaxy xiKpodiopa KyKypysBt HCCKOUSKO OWTIACTCA OT MUKPORACeTeHMA [pyTHX 2epHOBBIX KYNBIyp. Ha sepne nerpouawres 1 apytite pasuooOpaauste mperera- BHTean GakrepHas.HOro Mipa, MoMayAIOUWe C WLbIO HTrepe- nocumme Racexomasut, Ha rlonepxwocrit gepHa oul coxpa- TimoTen B MaccuBHoM coctosmmTH IF TosTOMy UX "MeO HeDe- ammo, K ormeveuHoii Kareropum MoaHo oTHecTH MacuAH0- Xinemste Gaxropuk 1 CompimeTBO Gamat. TaGanya 5 qaer UsnecrHoe upeAcTaBienHe 0 COOTROMeHML oeuonmex rpynn Gaxrepuit » pajle o6paaqon sepua, Kouesxo, D ApYEUX eayNamx aGcomorHae unppH MOTT HaMEHATSCA, HO coornomesne ysasanmax rpynn Gakrepnit ocraeten mpiasep- Ho oxHiaKonsin. 10. M. Bosnaxovoxan u fl. IT, Xyqawon_yerauopuan, wro ua nonepxnocti pactenuit netpesaetest 10 50 sngos padusix Saxropuii. [Ipeodaagaior wee axe niqM, OTMCHOMHMIe aM. TpxGon na wovepxxocra pacteunit 1 ua sepHe HeMHoro, weposTiO, IX paamMorKeHITO Tpensersyer cuaast KoHTeHT- PAIN miiraTeABBTX REITTECTR. 48 TaGaumad Coomnowenne omdervruan spynn baxmepuit 6 sepue seo neezo ymrypa eat, Bes neo oo) we be be abi ae ae 800, | 5 0,09 Ke ae wee wee 850 2 2 Puc (Gea naeuoe) 2. 2 |. | oo » (emensamn) 20... 720 at : woe cen noenen) © 222!) | |b a » (€ umommamn) . . . nD m 0,0 Mynypyan 8 7% | 002 POO wen svageare af | | a) ; Obnrauo rpasat Jo6poxasecrBenHOLO aeptta conepanT ne CKOADKO THeAT aapoxsme: tpudos, O wi{ouoM eocrane rpub- uoit ops wa nonepxsoeru gepHa Hanecrito 1 3 ecritoe mpeyetan.teu qaer Tabs. 6. = “ TaGnnna Budoroit cocmas epuboa sepua (s ue. na 4 2) Ryanrypa Mmenma. . . Pow a5 Pue (60a nsenon) . . » (e aaeuxanm) . . nee (Gea n1eHo%) » (e mrenwann) Kywypysa Hpoeo Pacemarpupas ory rasimy, Mat AowKUL eqenaTD pay oro- sopox. Janne, npimeyenute n uel, koneuO, ~upHiauan- Teahent, B pasusix enyyanx or uudppo MoryT meth re sit 4B. H. Mumyorms, JT. A. Tpaceageinat 49imme orkmoxertus. Hyaenne noxasaressr Toe mfewor ycv108- noo sHavenme, Oui TOnOpAT He 0 WoAKOM OTeYTCTAM Toro Ia HHOTO MUKPOOPraNUANA, a O TOM, ITO OM Te HAXOWTEH 4 necaejyeMoy. MaTopuaste n BHAyHTeAbHOM KoARYECTSC. Vrar, Moskno cxagars, wo onudmruaa rpiGuas smKpo- (hxopa sepHa ue cronb’ muorouxerenma. B uci odsuno serpesaiorc ust pora Penicillium, coctanamouine Hepexko GoasmuucrBo rpaGHAx opranmesmos. Pox Aspergillus upea- cranieH ma Byoponom acpne Mewee oomaILTO. B aepHe WwaHOro Tponexomjenx pom rpndon popa Asporgillus noapacraer, ran KAR HOUBHE Tora Gone Gorarst TpuGaMu 9roro pora. B sa- uurexbio MenbInes KOINeCTHe Ha BepHe BeTpeNAIOTEA ADY- rue rpuGsr, Mpraggencanyse x ponam Cladosporium, Alterna ria, Mucor 7, ;1, 3yech ake MOry? Otxrb ualienst a ApowRT, B onmane of pyrMx saaxov, wa cperkeyOpannom sepue Kykypy3m norpowaiores rpuGst x3 poxoe Cephalosporium 1 Fusarium. IIpu xpanenmt sepua Kommrecrno arux rpHGon cHabHO yMeuburaercs. AKTHHOMHUGTSI HE smIMMOTEH CyMeCTRCUMEI KOMTOUeH- rom MMRDoipopEr sepia u nIAoBO! cocran-ux Ha oTOM CyO- erpate oka He HpMnACKALL BAMMATMA uccaeonaTeTel. Suudhurnan Muxpoipxopa septa naxosUTe HA MOnepXHO- cri sepia 1 B NOpMaubHOl oGeTaMONKe ue upommMaer » ero cxanu, BoaesteTnopinie MUXpooprarmasnt MoryT BueNpHTHCH B BepHo, KOTOpoe CTAHONNTCA DIToeseACTBMI MeTOVHMKOM Pac~ mpocrpanenna umdexn. @uronaroxorn oGsrm0 oSpamawor BATMAN TOABKO Ha pesko nponpamomuecs Goresn pactenmit, Momay tex TiNeWreR CKPHITHe HOparKcHusl, UpHNOCAMHe Tem He were auasirensini ypon ceabcKomy xoamitcrny. Hampinrep, 10 Tamm HaGwOgeKtM, TpHOK 13 poxa Alternaria, mepexon © KopHeRoit cycrews pacronnit wa HaygesMUyIO waCTh, Mpowi- RAIOT B TKAHM PACKeHNs, cHLIBHO ocTAGAMOT Cro pocT M CHI axaror yporaii. Toxooume rpudst m0 cymecray BursbinaroT cxpbrriie aadoxenantia pacrenwit. Dro ronopuT 0 eoGxozuM0- crm Goporben He TOKO ¢ ABILIMIT, HO 1 CKpHITHIMtH Gouea- namn pactenui, To cboemy XunntMecKOMY Coerauy BepHO AmasTeTCs BEChMA noauoueauoit murareasnoit eperoit ax MupooprannsMon. Tpyauocrs mponmnonenus wuyrps sepa Merarpotpusix xTR- podon oGnacnnercn Tex, 470 Y mero TAMCIOTesT sALUUTATTE Cpert era. Byecn jeliernyer Mexaungecknit m arrimmubtit Hsory uit rer pactenms. 50 YY cosperaiomero sepia qononsno Gomvmaa naascnoet A Ha ¢Fo TORCPXHOCTS MYTEM 9KB0CMOCA HOETyHIAIOT HeKOTpHE MTaredbABIe ReMeeTBA, Dro yer BoaMOrLOCTE, MIKpoopra HNIBNAM PaasMmaTues Ha MonepxAoeTIC sepud. Iueprusiomy aka0eMocy copeiiernyior T imirencumine GuoxuMMecKue npO- Hecest, MporeKaiomve n aepme wa paxUNX eraxMAX CFO pa uur, K Monewty nounoro coapenani nepte ymenpmaercs comepacanne Sosice akrimitsrx qhopyt_yrurenozion, wo Roapactaer gana Kpaxmasa 1 reMMmenautores. Hajaer axtHsRocrh rmpo- JR] N YAIXALLA, CHLLAeTEN OHepriiA m ApyTH depwenrarnn- BBX mporeccos. Ocodeso naxMno To, 470 mpoece coapenamnin Bepua enasan ¢ Goxrsimoit norepeit nowt, Bepuo v cram wo- aomoitenexoern conepacur oKox0 50% manu; n moment noeKo- noi erionoetm naannoers na;taer 0 25 % , uput woxHoli 0 12%. Maxpooprammasnia woryr paamnoxwrsen suuub ma cyéerpa- rax, JoctaTowno Gorarsix nogoii. Buowe coapermes sopuo m0 MOET CUMTAThCA TAKEM CyOcTpaTOM, Tak KAK BONA B HEM Ha- xoqures: » cnsiaannoii dpopme. Ha enexoM cyxom aepre wm poObL COXpanmOTeH NB HOKosIMEMEH cocTomHmT (aradnoze), pit sTOM UX YHeTeHHOCTH TocTereRKO emioKaeTes. B enynae HOAMONKH 3epHA WK ero yBaarKNeNAA oT Apyrnx pis MAKPOoprannssn! B aepue Haar SypHo paaMuowaThcA 1 bhiasinaiot ero nopay. aCTEHM BOSEZHETBOPHDIE MHKPOOPTATIH3MBL PACT. WX BUIMABUE HA KAYECTBO 3EPHA OBILAS XAPAITEPUCTHRA, Tlosmxo Geaxpertoit sunnpuntoit muxxpoipaopst, wa paere- Hsx YACTO HeTpeTaIOTeA pasHOodpasnMe Mapasitty, KOTOPSTE DHeApHOTER B TAH PacTHTeMBHOTO ODraMisMa w BoIsHIRATOT ero aaonenanHa. . Sto apa Ka rSnwoARHE 3c weaonOn Goan eRe expayaor on Goseauernopabsx Gaxrepuit, Gonessor pacrennit BRISETBATES TIPenMyIecTReHHO TpHOaMa pasHbix puoreyta a ueckux rpynu. Kpome Toro, pacrenna uopararorer 6aKre- u supycas, Peo sagadeeaue pacrossn oypunaensio exeaMnaey om via raeer#o sepia, oanaKo eymeénsyer rpyna “ocoGo MpOMITAX B ao OTHOMCLIUL sMKxpooprannamos. Oua 1 by yer avin Xparko pacemorpena. “papwBIMat MI POOpraHs MAMA WCUUTTABINT campogpirast, Tax Kak sHOTMe canpopurbi v oMpexeeMMEX Fenosnsx cHocosrtbt uopaxars pacrerimt, a GoaeatieTnopmute Miscpoopraxasmst a pegqko cymectByi0oT, NuTadch MepTBEIM ‘OpUAUNEECEEM Seas hom. Hampanop, caposrrine uecen mopaxkaror nhices Hie ceMorla KYKYpYaHi, KoTOpHIe RoodME xerte TORRepra;Tes ropye canpoipirran, vex ceMena Apyrux sepHoBux KyuTyp. Taecuewenue aajeprxinaer pasmatie momojuax pacrosnit 1 nepesiKo Buisninaer mx rnGeas. Lprr Xodoqnoit uoroxe KomAe- exuo pacteuttt Kyypysil, & rarcice NpyFuX BepUONDIX Ky.AL Typ (mmenint, paku mv. 7), MOpaswannsix caupodwrasnt, ae rrsmaunenioen or yexoun noronet Mt xauleenHa rloCeROrO Marepiiata upey oF miccHenenus momor eymfecTBeHITO Koe- 62 Garsest. Mp xonozuoit moroxe (remmepazype mie -+40°) uurecnencer nepenko 70 70% mMcesnLx coms KyKypyant. B apyrux yoaonuax — 70 5—7%. Hporpauseunoe aepo ue utocuenecr, Boubitste 1 nmakocopritsre cement nopaxaioren HulecHenBIM rprGawm crate, Uponent samaccrevenmmnx cons KyRypya » oxHoxt us oustron M. BE. Hemauenxo na 0-f nen moeue ccna. (copt Tpymenckas) Gra caeayiuum: 107, 1848, Cenena sxoposue, yemie. . .. . 30,0 28,9 Comer sxoposite, co eaerka nonpexirento OGOHOMKOHE. < Sid 5,3 Cemona, noupexcacnmme Gaxre MA 15,4 Ticerenerme npopacrarorux cea KyRYpyabr nab nacten Timms carpodnrasiu (Penicillium, Aspergillus, ‘Trichoderma x zp.) Ousinst, mposexennre B. H. Minuyermme © corpysmn RAMUL, UOKARAIN, TO UeKOTOpHe campodurtuste rpuGHE porta Alternaria cuoco6ust suexpHtser w rKAE pacternA 1 upIn- TaTB eMy wpe. B sasucnmocri or eemunx yerousii 1 coctomum pacre- Hi, sore Mut TpnGow poaa Fusarium raiwKe Moryr cy- mcemmonat’ KAK camporpures 1.1K % KAWeCTBO Hapasnron. ‘Ta Bum OGpasom, ompeyesntts nousTHe Tapesiruama y miKpo- opranuamon tpygHo. Tem ue Mexiee, Wsysus Guoaormo toro hunt MOTO AMTKpOGA, MoxKHO BAITOANTE TIME Hapaanton, uoaynapaanton 1 canpodirton. Tarorenmme wiuxpooprannamer poryr ce6x 8 noune meoqu- naxoxo, Paxanumusie 1 MysHMeropocnme rpuGE (a nase Gomsmuuerno dytonarorenmarx Gaxrepuit) me errocoSuu juts, 8 moune, [[pyre mapasnrapiie rpn6ex ws Upoxo;rT unowne oupereTemnte cram paanutin mm jaKe Yertenmo ynect paatnoxawren, K noctenHeit rpynne orkocsten TpuGu us poxa Fusarium, cxaprodemmnast nanowad a yp. Saarurrenusto Gommmee Koxmuectso dironapaanron cHocodHo eyimectuowATi, AOLONHHNO TLLUTETEIO® BpeMsE Ha PacTHTEABHBIX oCTATKAX, KO. Topsie pair eyieeTReHtyN posh » pacmpoerpancmim mE bexuu, | a! Muorne uapasnrst sechaa rpeGonarommint x cocrany mra- Teapnoro eySerpara m oGuNO nuIpamunaiores » staGoparop- HBX YexORNAX Ha cpegax oco6oro ‘coctava, Dro camaaito © aucoxoit cuermamaanueli sorkpoGon, sprypoventocriie 53Gomsmunicrua 13 HUX K OUperenenaEM Bam tam HoGoubuION rpyime Guustarx piigon pacrounii, Varo cnenstaxmsuponansante Quronapasutm, saparkaiomme ToRDKO Kaxoi-TO OHH BHI pacrenis (NaH jake ecko. Copron), Hassmmarores MONO Haram, Tapasittsi, senee pasCopumpnse » wntGope pacrerits- Sosmua 1 cioCoOHDe MapasnTuponar Ha Goxbuoli rpyne CommexoxoasiicTReHHBIX KYsHTYp, UaspBaIoTe NoaraMn Tuanman, 1eTosmukom quromatorenmmsx mmxpoopranis- Mou » Mplpoye smanworen GoroHioe PacTenHe M ero OCTATRE Pactpoctpauensmo GoroaneTRopHoro Havana emococrsyior posiyumuce Teves u naccKosuse. Heperko Hacexostste, Ha- een pacreHio HOUpekONLA, U sHawtrenbHOH eToUeH O6- hertaior BoaTitKHonenue aaSonezarna Hnorsa Kanan 10%), drexarcitnay oT aaparKeTITHX pacTomeli w Uo¥RET, copelicrEyIOT pacnpocrpartenmo suber tn. Tarorennnre Gaxrepmn Wau rputnt npounKaLr BuyTph Pa- crenus vepea eymecrnyiomue y mero orneporna (yersAma, treuesiTkr, Mopst, Mopaneriiix 1 7. 7). B Gonee pexkux cay- daw HATOFCHEMC MIKPOOPrANHSMEL BAIAeTAIOT TOKCHUCEHIC polecTBa, paapyMaloulite HOKPORHBIe TRAIN ACTON W Wo- paxmomne ero KaeTRH, MipoOor terse E:powvIaIOT BIICTHS, vomamnie credit, HuLOy{Kr 1 PyTHe aera pacres wait, TONpELTHTE oriijepMitcow. HHexoropae MMKpoOM-napaairor ACMyT Ha WoBepXHOCTH pacrennii 1 Wasiiwaioren corvomapasirancs. Knits, waltpH- hop, ormocirrem axyunTeTopOcHHBIe TPHOBK, 71 WHITER KOTO- PMX Xapantepss xopomo passiTLe wpucocKs (rayeTopm), Noraomaomyie us TRaNeit pacrenMa Boy H MuTATeTbIETe Be- ieeraa, J[pyrue napasiirat Locemores BayTpH TKaHelf Pace Tis, OM WagsiwarOTCst «DH AONApAaITANGD. CrocoGnocts 1aToTeHuoro MIKpOOpraHHaMa aaparKath pa- crenme sanucur or pra haxropon, 13 KOTOpIX Pemazonysi Gammores axrmAocTh (BIpyNeHTHOCTs) MUKpOGA, cocTosmEMe pactents-xogmma m yeTOnuN oxpysKaromelt epensr. Pupyaentmocrs suKposia mower cyuecTReNEO MexATCA b sannenMocrn or yeronnit cymectnonanust, Pacreams Tare Ojuoro BITTA TAREE Keo;{WNAKORO YeToHARBT K TEM MALE ITD dadouenamunt, Hexaosnrenbio BazHO TO, NTO He Bee copra vuoi 1 Tol 2e KYTMTypME OnMHAKOBO NoRRepACeML mupeK- qurn, Jo 7aer HOBMOAMOCTS TYTEM GeAeKIUN MOAyIAT! cop- ta, yeroisnpnte 1 suGoucnarnsm, CustsTo oTparkaeTeR Ha BoC- TIpHMMUMBOCTH PacTeIs TE ero BOSpACT; KAK Mpaninio, Tapa AT erabulee sionpextaaer Moxioyuie pacreuny. ot Conoxynnoers samgrrmrx cnolicrs opranusma 1 exoco6- hocTh ero oxagninaT® npormmogelicTaite wader rastapacten uswyuutreros, Ox onpepensietest ararownmecxnant 1 rucr0u0- MMecKMMT ocoBeHMOcTAMITpacrenns, crocodiocrsi0 oOparons- baTb TIpH Mopaxenm mpoOKonyI0 TKaMs, MpeAyMpeAAUONY Raxpueiiinee pacnpocipanene apasitra, mpucyTCTaMeM nTKa- Max pactenuii newjects, npexno pelicTsy!omx Ha Manpoopra- xoanst (rounnjon), ouepriici mporekaiomux wm TKamAx Gepmenrasx mpoueccos ut. n. B snanwreasnoit evorers atm enoltersa paerennn macarensoumr 1 mepensioren 19 noxoae~ B ToKomente. EHogonssii rc} ma Toxo yoOuatit uAIMYLUTeT slaabiBaereA eecTe- Buecte ¢ TM, nox namamom wadbexunn 1 yeuonuti cyme- BORAHUA PACTeHMe BBIPAdATEIRACT HeKOTOpEIE MOBLIC Ba- mame cnolicrna, conorynmocts Koropsx cocrasuner mpn- pory mpnoGperexmoro marymurera, Hanpiiep, api neogenm B TRaMME pacreuuii Our KyaETyp dhrTonaToreHHDIX GaKTe- put oSpaayioren KaKne-ro nemiectna, Monsimaromere yeroirn pocts pactenuit K muihermmn, 7. ©. pacrertme ctanonrttes erto- comABIM aKrHEEO pearmponarr ma Hee. ¥ akunotHor opra- HiaMa 97a peakMMT nsIpArKena Necpanneno Apre. __ Verona eymecrsonanns Tawse oKasniDaor BuuaKTe Ha oGMert nemecrs y pacrenmii, usMeuan ero cyotorsa m,n 4acr- nocTa, nmynnrer. Bepoarao, upn onpeyeaentax yeronnmx upnoOperommmit meoyrnter Momer sakpenintecem % mepexo- qu B ecrecrnenuntii, - Ha xoq mibexnuounoro mporecca orpomuoe wantuiue oxa- sswalor Tenuepatypa Mm naaztoces. Inn dhaxropat cxtou0 cRassIsaNOTEA Ha EsAKMOOTHOMTENK sIMEpO- ¥ MaxpooprazHts- ma. MaGsitox mars Gxaronpuaterayer inbexmuat, B ceipyio nlorogy, Kak Mpapma0, Moryr pacnpocrpannrnea Taxue 3a00- Henanma, wax ysapnoa, copsmbs, paapuuna 1 zp. Boas- Immerpo ¢pirrorrapaairon yeriermues paamnonactos mpi or10- cureatno Tonsmennoi TeMMeparype, uo mora uudexmTon- uuvit mpoece mot mrrencuanee » XouonNyW Noromy, KOTOpAS ocaa6asor conpoTuBameMocTD pactureasHoro opraxnama. TOMOBIA XTEBHBIX 31AKOB 4 phOxonnA Baaxo8 Mopantacr nenyIHe AepHOMATE Rye 4 DuBLIBACT HOAYaC SHaYuTeASHOS CHITKEHITe ypozxam, Bapa- AKeHHOe pacrenwe Aaer BMecTO 2epria MenpHTomIyIO enopoByIO oemaccy napasnra. Taxnm oGpasom, mpi jammow saGonenanm YHITOAUCTE TA MaCTh pAcTeHUs, pase KoTOpoll ono nosqe- abmactos. Tosonns araKon ovens mpoKo pacnpoerpamena, 1 noaGy- jurreau 9Toro 2aGouenaMuA MMe TOT AKO apeact, WTO 1 HHTE- longre mx pacrenm. [onosHelt noparkalores MeHTHA, Porth, wIMeHb, obec, KYKYPy3a, copro, mpoco, “ymmaa a Apyrue aula, BosGyaureaam ronosHn smeasioTe rotoRHeHHe rpnOst, ormocsmuecst k Kuaccy Gaanuatbanx. Ha ompenetennoit cra- JUN paaRnTHa Mumentit ronoRMenbIx rpnGoR pacmagaetca Wa OTReABHHe KICTKT, KOTOPETe TOKPKRAWTER YTomMEHNO!t O60- noaxoit 1 mpenpamaiorer n cropst. HocaeaMHe odpaayior Tt JANYIO HUE LOTITO TeMMOOKpamenny!o Maccy m nHAoHaMe- HCHHLX sepuAX, creGaAx, a inoOrga wa aMerbax. CKOmTEHHs chop MpuAMOT HopaseniMN actA pacreunit wp OyraeH- MIX KM HOKDUITHX carkeii, Oreioga x HaspaHe croaOBHA>. CrocoSavcrs enop & pacusiseuilo BBIparKeHa Y PASLMALALX, buon TouORMIE B pasmMTKOI cremeHM, c MeN IF CRABAE Ba RANG AIIMUIbHAS FONOBIOTY 1 €TRODAAS TOMIORIST>.. Cnopar snamorest crasneit paenporrpawenns rosonnensie YpHGow a wxtcore © rem cragnel ToKos. Y smornx nmzon To JonMeRntx rpnGon cnopht COXpattsToT CAO! sKUIaMecMOCOGHOC TH b reveHNe HecKOTBKHX xer. Cuopst paaHnrx rouonHeRsix rpuGor upopacrawr n0-paa- MoMy. ¥ HeKOTOpHIX nirj0R 13 COPEL BOSHIIKACT OAHOK-TETOT- nas Gaanqu © NYKOM y/uMMMeHHMX GaarjMocMop Ha nop- TINH, y ApyTHX obpadyeron MuoroRaeTONNAS GaauAUA, paage- nerhasi ToMepeTMIMH Meperopomkaam, a canm GasnsocTOpEt (hopsupywrea uo Goxas Gaanqun, & Mectax naxowjjeniA ueperopogox (pic. 23). Cospermme Sasnjuocnopst wonapso KONYaUpyior — y OMNX TpuGoR Ha caMoik GasuAUM, Y APY- rx — Tlocme onagenma, Crmarompreest SaanqMocnopa mteWoT Paamme MoOKO anakit, MH TpHG MepexosMT x jpTETOMATOIt thaae cymectnonanus, Cuopa, upomiexmaa npoxece Konya Huu, Mpopacraer, Javan muuesii, enocoGuuii sapaxare pa~ crenue. Camsnne ciop, Kak mpannao, smaseren OGsaaTestb- HIM YOuOBHEM Juls Tocweryiouei wMpexnu pacrenms-xo- annua, Jkt ¥ HexoTOpKIX UpeteranuTeeli romORHEREIX TpH- Gon m8 cop He ofpaaywres jmbepennuporanHsre Caan; B OTMX cuLy4asx KONYsNpy!OT UpOpOcTRH cop, AAIOMME 3aTeN JUIMONNETE seem, KoTOpHit uw sapazKaer pactenne, Y ne- KOTOPH TonoRnenbxX rpuGon GasmAuoctopst no oma;eum 56 Pac. 23, O6pasonanne Gaazuquoeuop y rpuGon: 1 —Ustilago scablosae; 2 i Ustilage zeve; $— Tiletta teitiel; eovossia moliniagMaANMAOT MOUKORATKEA, TO NPUROT K YRoaMMEHITO WX KO- aurteeTRa. Taxint odpaaoM, aaparxenne pactenas mpomexonn, Kax Mpanmo, mMONANE MrMeaMeM, DIteApmOMpNKesT yer ‘TRaNH Wa onpesecenom stare paspwus, Mectos unex B OMMUX caYHaRX cuyaCHT upopocToK, BosmuKaOUNit 13 ce- monn, Torga ronopat o wapy7moit mberumn (wampustep, mpi 2 Puc. 24 Text paspurna rosonnenore rpuGa 1 ~ Gaonawocnopst (-+ 1 — )3 2 — ux Konya 1 o6pa- sosaKite sUMUIOMAKOTO. eA; 3 — mbbepeRMANTE n0p;, 4 — moyaxepmse cnopx ¢ yrommermoft oGaxoMOH; 5 — napworanct (eammme Maen}; 6 — mpopacrarme expt? © oGpasonasuten § Gaaxauocnop (io H, A. Faywouy) ‘mepyoit roviomie nmtexmyst), Pexte saparactesn Momojas aa Dsigh h MOMENT M[HOTEHUA WIM HeCKOIKKO WOKE; pI 9TOM MuMesmii mpoumKact B ceMA HM COXpaHAeTCH B HEM suMOit B nereratunHoit chopme, me o6paays enop. Taxoii caysaii wnytpenneit nmbornyin naGmoqaetes Mp Moparkermn me nue HpLIGHOIt roORHel, Tperuit erocoG mmexrg nonecten y nysmpravoit ronoim KyKYpyaB, Kora K daparKemmo noc- UpiiMetina mOGaN Yacth pactenu, HO HeMpeMmeno B MoxO- Flom noapacre, Moka TKANB He Mpekparuaa ceocro paspuTHs. Muneauii y rouonuensix rpuSor 1oRon»HO enatbHo pasneT- nen, Ox pachpocrpanseres 10 MeKRUOTHMKaM 1 oG1ajaeT, KAaK Mpannao, MpMeockamm (raycropmamn). OqHaKo HeperKo MIME RHONpseTeH Mn NonocTs KNeTKH, B TRAHAX pacTe- HW om pagnimaetes cxa60, wo B base KYMeWIA TonoTENA 38 Guicrpo mpouKaet m sa4aToK Ko0- cau gaTeM puaoenTem BBepx Suaro- apa ouepremoMy pocry cre6as pacrern. B xojtockax somes pacragaeten, opaays juMTOMMEIC cnopst, meomme pi, yromHOwep- uoro mopomxa. [pa upopacramun cilopar aor GaaiylMM, Ha KOTOpRIX dopmapyiores onnosjepmue Gasu- xuocropmt. Tocueume opaaywren UH ogltonpementom pexykrtmonoxe Neaouim, To9TOMY enopa sBIaeres rautompm oprammamom, [met pagnnriia Toxoniienstx rpuon 1306- parker cxemarmeckm Ha pic, 24. Moxpas, reepoax, wan eoniouan sosoena muvennipea — ono oj ma cawuix paenpoerparrentnx nin{on TO- xonum, Ona pbisimactes rpnGaxar Tilletia tritici x Tilletia levis, nm pugs BecbMa OaW9KH sKpyr K spyry ML OTaMTarOTem THM eKOTODBIMI mophhoaorm4eckmnt ocoGenmocraMrt. Omm mMerr pa 6uorHnon, mopa- ZKAIONTIX onpereaeMmHe coptonnre rym monet. Karur 6nornm Mpnypowen x ampoxexcHtuoit 9800 Pye 95, Tpeprad 7 ro-reorpapueckoii oGaaeri, Tille- ao tia levis crpevaerca MpeHMymect- — — gropoman xonoe; Boumo Ha wro-Rocroe CCCP. 2 —nospexiemct Bosse pacrenma wuamane ne oramarores ot ayopontix. Hop daze MonomHolt cnexocrm, Korya TpHOAMA MpoMMacr B Sans TReTKa, oKpacka Kox0ca craronitsen cnaSo-dpmonoronoii, 2opno mo.ocrmo paapy- ulaetet Wt ganommAeTest cHopaxn napasura, VY rosonmennix aepen (Memouxm) chopma Gomee oxpyraas, 1 omm Texnte; Gopoaqka y HUX oTcyTerRyer. BuytpH mogoGHoro MemowKa coxeputréa or 2 10 20 Max. Gypéx enop rpuGa, uMexouLX cormaryi0 oGoaomky (pasmep enopst 14—22 sex). Yroamexue roaopriensx sepon NPNBOATT 1 TOMY, WTO KomOCKOMNE TeMTyT MockomsKo paaynnraioten (pme. 25). Koxoe Gozmitoro pacre- il xerte, vem y afoponoro m nootoy Ke Tomm«acr. Heno- PAREHMAIe 3anAIT B CODON KOTOCE jiOT HOpMaLTETEIE Bepma, 59Cuopur Moxpoit ronopnin umeior uenpnarintit aamax cere OUHOTO paccoda; NosBAeHHE ero OBsCHAOTEs mpmcyTcTBMeM B clopax ToAOKHK Tpumernaaia, Crops oOnaqaior Gox- loli rurpockonmaHocrsio 1 pH oTcHpeRAKIUT AerKO MaKY TCH. Vo-aa ommx cnojicra aror RH roxORNM mMOAyuNT HaaBAHTe «Mmoxpoiiy un «anomoneit». Bo npemst yOopKn yporkast u ocoGeuHo npn mosoTsGe Ha- NMTeNbIaA YaCTh MeILOKOR paspymaores it HOPE sarpss- HemoT TOovRy, cONOMY Wt ajfoponoe sepro. Moxpsre cuoper mpu- JIMalot K WOMY, a CYXMe BajlepatuRaIOTeA Ha OMyLIETHO! Ya- em aepna —Gopoaxe. Taxne sepia mpmodperamr uenpnat- uit chequipwieckurit sanax m HaaimaTOTeT «rapaAHEIMTTy, a aaMbuTeHHBIe cHopami m obxacTH GoposKH — «emmeryso4- uLaUt>. Tosonuenoe aepuo cueryeT ToxReprark TiHaTemBuoli OM crxe OF MewoNKon 1 chop, mave MpH PaaMoxe crops Woma- AYT B MyXy, 1 oa Byer TeMHOro Bera. TaKan myKa upHod- peraer aamax, cnolicrneumuit ronouue, Xue6, uemevewantic 13 droit MyKit, MIOXo MponteKaeres, nateet cepstit want cHHERATHIit orrerox, mporuamuiii aanax 1 Kye. Crenexs 1opoKa Sasitcur oF pacopeniocTH MyKI cropaMit roxonKK. Chop paasmnnas nayion rosonnt MoryT BEaRATh paaapa- WReUMe CHIONUIX sKOUCR, SbYAKIWONAAETHTE pacerpoticTna » paore RumowuuKa u 2, 1. Toatomy om ornocsTos K rpymTe npowus1x upnateceii sepaa. Tun oMCTEH SepHORMIX Mace MpoOROMBeTREHNOTO HaHa Men OT MeIONKON 1 CHOP ToxORHM n MponsMOxCTREHARX YOuOBNAX NPTMEHAOTCR PARNUHEIE MeTONM: OMNETKA Ha Ce- haparopax, cenapmponanite noaqyxow m MoKpast ounctKa (Moil- Ka), Koropat facet nanGonmunit aybexr. Jase yaamomna aa- llaXa TPIMCTILIAMNA LpHMeHsAOTeH TeHNOBAN cymEKA I MOiiRA aepra. Bee Oru Mepat BHOmMe jocTATONHEL jpist ONETKN aepTA, HO Te ofecriemmualor Hoauoro OcBOCOAKeHT oF cop Tex Napritit sepula, KOTOpEIe MpeAHAsHACHM yA Hocena.. Oéranmmees Ha BepHe CIOL AMIAHOTEH OCKORABIN NeTOMHNKOM pacupocrpa- nena mapexmmnr ra none. B neax GopKGu ¢ saGostenaHHeM arponoMam NPHXO;NTcA TIPHHUMATS PsA Mep, RB YACTHOCTH, nporpasanearine ces rpakosanom. Cnopit rosounensix rpn6on sumyior Ha sapasKeuEBIx Bep- uax, Becuoii ont mpopaezaior Ha ceMcHax, poicenuAbrx B 10% BY, H, UpoHUL OMNCANMHI BENE WK pasbUTUA, saparKawor Mosroxoe pacrenue, Cuuykennas remmeparypa cnocoSernyer 60 Goxtee cunbuomy Hoparsemnro nocena, HauGoxve mrenctnto auiexuus uporesact mpi 10—16°. Trepasre mmennat nopa FRAOTCA POLOBHOBLIM PpuGaMM Cade, vem Marsue, Haewr- cA OTJebHbIe COpTa MmeRMHE, Gostee yeroimmne x rostoRHe, Xora critcox mx Hexen, Hanpinep, wa Markix mmeaun xe: Hee noenprmumnimn x roozne Muswrypym 162, JIrorec- none 62, Cappy6pa, Ausduazym 3700, Crema map. Tecavuan cosoens nuenuryer veraninaercs rpudow Ustilago tritici. Y nopaxeunms pacrennit naGuopawres apuure pr SHAK saGorenaiINA m MOMENT BHAA KoUOCA 11h TpYOKH, Kona cnopst rpi6a yake bnome ethopsupovanst. Fp topa- *kaeT MpeuMyUlecTeHUO MACKyWO MHenTny. Ou paapymacr me TOKO SaBABb, HO HM BCE PYrHe opranst TReTKAa — THOTIMKH, ‘UBCTKOBKIC 1 KpOIOMN YeryiiKH. Taxo# KOTOC cocem HE 05- paayer sepen, T'puG pact oxnoraeromme, rewio-Gypute, exerka momoparste mam TaayHe crops. RosSymmrenp MbiapHoli roaOMUN HNGeT pay, GmoTMHOB, or AUMLRIONYHXCH HEROTOPSIMAL KYAbTYpactbmHMNTT OcoGeMMocTANA H OTHOMeHHeEM K coptaM mtenumpr [lomumo marKoii mume-~ HHILBL, TPRG MOET TopARKars I APyrue copra, a TAKA POD. Ma mopaskenmx Konocsen m mavaae wwerenun mmeHmmt CHOpHE Hasmamr pasnocursest ReTpost H HOHa;\aIOT a PULTE ua SAOPOBLIX YBeTKOL. Bapwkeane upuxoyur ayume Beero TOMA, KOLA emopst TonaylaIOT B_MOMETTT TyROTETTITA Ha TOsLKO 4TO OCHOGOAHNILIeEH pLUTETa. OytaKo aansa4 MoxeT sapa- SHTbCA Take JO MOMeHTA HBeTeHHA HB (hase MonOYROIL che- soci, HosTOMy HepHo, nocupumemnoeTH MEME K BApa- {KOATIO ThutHOi roORHel YOBOADUG pacraMLyT. Ha pntrnne enopa upopacraer, oGpaayn Saaniqnocmopyy, Ko- qopule mocne KonYaauun jkuoT MuNCAnii, mpoHmarmit b pasmuMmre ysacrka sepaa (mrox u sapoyptm). B taxom Buje TpuGuMTa sumyer. Bua ronpuaranisat yenommm juia sapareenun pacrenit UbLBHOH LoNORHel skumote yaepenrmit netep, nuconne TeMMepaTypM Ml NOBLEMAN RuadkrocT. nosryxa. Joa upenisarcrbyer pacupoctpanenmo crop. OntnMaahuan TeMue- parypa 7a Mpopacrantin cuop 1 pocta momeaus 23—30, aemiunca tna S—11°, Buoummit nu aapaakeuuoro sepua ocraetes nnomee Hop- MAIBHDI, TOMDKO MoMepxHoeT ero eaerka _Mopmmuteran © MaTonniM orrenkost, He uastensiores 1 xuMTecKHe ToKana- remt sepa. Jian sudpmmxposamoro sopua Xapaxrepno Hpi cyTeTsHe B eM HeSHaNKTeNBHO PaannToro NuNeAN (Naxo;y 6Lmeroes » mpegenax uacreit aapojnina). Muesuit rpnéa a aopue Mo‘KeT OuIth OOHapyaken TIP MMEpOCKOMMIECKOM Ana- juise, KO Stor MeTOA He OveHL Tove. JlysmMe Reero upHac- hare evo, soMMHecerolt suxpocKoUnM. Kpowe Toro, 14 Hopaxeunoro sepia MOO UbLeIT “Mery! KYALTYPY rpiGa-mapasira, Bapwxkonnoe sepno Up wocede, Katt Mpavnay, aer Goms- noe pacrenue. Myxa o Ooubuoik mpustectro cyxok rowoRHU Ov TIMAoTes EpAAMBIAL MPETON 1 MeMpHATARIM HKYCOM, HO BaTIAXa conogounoro paccora (xapaxtepHore j4tA MOKpoii ro.tonutt) y wee ner. Xonmstocnnit aero, Gopnéw ¢ moaKHo! romownelt wuue- IuMBL HerpuroxeH, TAK Kak TAKOe NpoTpapatnnanne yRIITO- wkaeT TOALKO MovepxHocrHylo wubextpuo. Byecr ¢ yeuexom MpHMenstorcn su TepwTimecKui mero, OGexRaparkunanmt sepua. Osnn na aeroqon Gops6ut ¢ muxsnoli roxoBueli — enon, aonanne gyi MoceBa yeToiuMALX copros nem. Ms oom MBX HMeWI K Vey 9TH CoptoH OTHOCHTEH OgeccKaR 3, Tecocrena 75, Kpactogapxa, Mnaxoncast, Jhoreenene 9 Ap. fIposne nimeHiMLL Hoodme aerKo Topaxasoren MLLTOTON roxomneit, ma ux Gouee yoroiiumn Fapxor, Muabzypys, Pop- aemopwe 10, Hopuuka 1 tp. Moxausmsit woces apowoit sue- MUNG D suasitrerRHo creer ocnoGOACAeT ee OF TLTHO! ronosun (T. JL, Jncenko 1 1p.). CreGaenaxt at Moxpamt roTOBHA Wopaxaer Pork. Hpm cre6scooti coavexe pacu (noabyauren» Urocystis ocoulta) saGocrenaure arparnpact creGers pacteusts, a uxor- na m amcrsa. Bekope mocie querer na creGxe Toxvamores yaxme jQIMEEsre WoHOcKit, «OTOPHO gaTeM cAMTBAIOTCA. Hopaxonnan ria pacrpecmmacte joi creéna, 06- HKasx TeMMYI0 cHopoby! Macey, KOTOpA Tyr ze pacces- aetes. B cnny nepavomepnoro pocra cozosstta Go-stor pacre unis nepesaco ucnprsarnerost, Kosi0e 1a GoatbHOM creG.te OKI no Orrnaer Gecuoxusm (psc. 26). Cuopa uos6ynurenn crebucnoii rononnin onatawTeR oF enop jpyrux roxoRHeBLx rpuGos, Om rpymmpyroren Kys- Kawa, mpnes y nopitepiiasx oGonowKa Gostee TOHNAA. Ipys-rpem MentpactbuiM cuopam epoiteruenna yrommentas oboaosxa Texmo-Syporo upera. [Ipopactaior roavKo emopst ¢ yroamemoit oGoxonKoli, a nepmpepulinse urpaiwr pom 1a panuora, cHocoScryn aysmemy pacupocrparenni nop. oz Pue, 26, CreGenan roaopun pre 2 — sxosonut xoxo0; 6 — nopanerme ones; ¢ — xnasmaocaops, © — npopacramte nop i obpaco, me Gaamzuit “estian en Oops aun aH B ome WA pactHTensuELE onarKax, Ha eps Beexo ols bx no aston Gan, ma ROUNE xorapol oGpasyeren necxosxo Saounsoenop. Came tages Gaarmoenepte npopacran, WoT sue, pemneame Mepoupusrns no GopE6e stm puow roxonmit » oction- HoM Te sKo, uTO. It pH MoKpoli rosoBUe TmenMAd, Ocran, llylocs B HOae cTepiO pexomensyetes cacrars, . Monpan, conrouan, wan reepdas eoaoans pac, wos6ymnre- aes xoropoir svanercs Tillotia secalis,—- Gusskaliamit anacior MOKpoii roxOMT nines, Bechata exosust n nueutunte ena, 63TOM H MYT sapancerin pacreunit. Cuocodsr Gops6a ne en autores oF TIpHMeTsTeMBIX prt eveSuIeHOME FosODITe pr. Fouonuenie rpiidis nopaaaior W sruNemns, Teepion, uan RaMenian 2oaoena ausena (nondyanrem Ustilago hordei) umeor amoro oGmer0 ¢ MoKpoii rononueit umoaunst, Y¥ mopareunora Koa0ca He TotbKO sepko ¢ 060- uouKoli, Hou YeMylixu Upewpamaiorer n cuopoHocHye Maccy ronda, Cansit nitomanit eaoi Tkanm wemyeK coxpanseren B ame roNaihieit weHKK, eKNoas KOTOpy! MpocReiMBAIOT lowri veprte eropnt. OHM paCITBUTAOTeS BO PEMA MOOTKOD. Pactenns aapaakaloter ® ctasur mpopactartis Meroam Gopsim ¢ aTmM saGoneRanniem Te se, ¥ro nC Moxpoit Tononnedt merit. Teasnan coaoensa winens, wiisnnaemast rpuGow Ustilago nuda, conepmicio anasornsia TbLmbOl ronoRMe mmcHubL Ho Rees MpranakaM, He riekmOnas criocoda midheRnmt pacte- unii 1 smorHx okonormeceMx cuoiters mapaaiira. Pacupoerpantenme enop uapasiira mpoucxoguT » some, B Moment WneTeHus sumens, Cuopm upopacraior 2 SaparenLioit aansan; Mumeduii, OSpasovanmuiica mooie KonyasTuN Gasr~ ARocnop, MepesMiowninacT Ro RKeMMe KeHBMereRNoM sepue. Boporsen ¢ misoi roxonnoii amen workna mprt m0- Montr TepamiecKoit pesmupexnE YaaarKUeHHOre sepa. Ha kykypyse Berpewaeren HecKo:Ko Bion TOTOBEH, Mpexixe neero paccmorpim nysoipwaryi0 coaoeiio Ryry- pysti, voisnpaemyio rpuGou Ustilago zeae (Ustilago maydis).. T'pn6 Moxer nopanars modse “acti pactowms — ncxojDt, AMCTA, HX RaAraAMMa, YACTH TOMATKA TAIN eysTANa, Bepra 1 7@KE KOPHM. Baparkaren MoryT TOaBKO Te HaCTIE pacTenA, Puc, 27. Nysspyarast ronovitn xyxypys RoTOpHe HAXOTOA B CoCTORINME pocra. B enaak © aTHM nere~ i snypyaa saqua rpuGa pactarsnaercs — ncaey 3a OADM sACTsAMAL pa- saqemaeawten HoRepxnocTuue eno uo¥Bs, oSoramemunt creHma wopamaores pyre. , e pagytuit, miavaxe cepeopiero-Gemmrx, a ares TestmeimtIx, BaKH AO pacrpockmanuin ir yuuutonath ie, Testor ees B KOTOPHIX Haxogstex cmopet rpuGa (puc. 27). Tlocae pacr- TpIMCLaATh UpannaLuste cen00Go} pon ae ee pecKumaiin sxestaKon crops OcnOGoRsAIOTeA 1 ToTAeKOT HMX epoxos stoceun KYKypyaur, Jbust Mocere eee eee Pan wa ceMena, Chopst sixyioT na pacTuTeMBHny ocTaTKax 1 TIpu rexmerocxost axasmae yn b nom comncg Oe r 1 nlome; necnoit on mpopacrawr, oGpaaya Gasmanocnopst, 2201-53) nemonuonenuauu cunraioren taste, 5 Koropete oo KOTODHC H MbIabIRAIOT HaKhoreIUO pacTeHust. represen or 10-10 50% copa ee TAR, 8 HOTOPEIX CO- Tonontis KYRYpyA6t {OROTSHO MMTPOKO pacttpocrpantena no obiero KoamvectBA ux B naan) Ue caeeare oe (or ncox paifonax voaytemtuvamin droit xy:nerypia. TD GopsGe © neti 1ur Mowanin oTHocaT x eapuolt mpiiMecty, TPR uomoract rayGoKa ocolLsLE uenAMIKa, pu KoTEpo xopomo Apyroo aaGoxenanne ~ nuseonaa soxconn xysypyat. Ys 20. 03: Syqurenem ee anaseten Ustilago roiliana (Sorosporium ret o£Jianum), Ou nopantaer rosaKo aereasar (cyatamst) n worn xm, Bech vapaxtenmah novarox mpenpanacrex » ronuyi2 crtop, upuKpsiryio eyxunnt ommoobpaziiyio Macey yi acess 0 Sourun mapannta wawomy nepriamt, Lam pa NO 208 nny, CG s1btabs0} Gyaureas yomouelt roaoumn nm f ono eyPY: : A yoommpernmeii mocento KyKypysix sono Goporse: Pap a narus neuowoonanntest Mop, PekoNCHAOREHASI 72 Sh Vi 0 rropare Pacrenin Kyxypyaut 1 ee cesenia, : ‘TO M MbIbHO roMOBHe!, Hepes, Ra oreie amino usu sauapum. £ OOXO;IMMO MOABEPTUyTL cusocoR: plus B upormsnoM cayyae ons Mpoxoyy baer cHlopst mapasima. ° pox i ue Tepst skiraKecrI0c 1, epes RIKEN *KUMOTHBIE, romghaut © manoaeM B'uode, MOtyT TAT HETOSBIKOM peK ua. i" / NUifeuvnas coaosua osca (nos6ysuiveHs Ustilago avenae)- Hipu sapaszenm » exopenyi waccy upenpantaoren ue Toren vit acceMmBAaIOTCA M017! ¥ PARC aansab, no YeUyiiKst. Crropor pacc noewe niiépacknanii nopaoKensoi were, On nomazor sin porauqa apeau_nevka, upopacran, nana Caan © Go anquccuopaam. Poor noedeyinix mpomnaior won Gosousy conn. Buech mimesnit pactanaerca ua Aponentituhe sats @ Becnoli muueami, pasonpmniics ro (reMMet) 1 sumyer. Sennen gapasxerne pocrkon pacreuita, Crop, 1ax Towa, uiatrpaer gapavenne i Gnopu naxo- joerin coma, Take cmocoGUbt aap: Biche. Taxanr oops Sonenarme (c rows ape- aKHM OGpazon, j1ann00 2860: Ed i Mer est ul HapaorrTom) el WKY pacTeH Hud BaanMooTHomienlt 307% eles i wap ) RealveTeN KAK OS! MPOMCKYTOUNEM MEATY WALISNOI I MOK oli TONOBNAMH NOTeHUMbI. - Poli GopnGe ¢ saGonesanues Toxtayrorcst siporpanmeca: mire opwaannow. : — Tavebas covoeus occa (noa6ynurem Ustilago levis) or amsaerém rest, 0 exoposaa wacen rpaGa Goueo naovaat noe oiiiio ue pacmizraeres. Tpowte oeosemrocrit sroro paGOneRANGT ReCEMA HANOMIINAIOT USLIBEYIO ToNOBE Mepst GopBOui Te 2«e. a o MHeusonan eoaoena npoca (nos6ysurems Ustilago panei). Coxverne no ypewa oroli Goxeau nomnocriio suuxenaMennen a, ocranane CxpHrnt yo taarammnex epLnEx AHerDeD, i Ke, TAABHIM O6pasom nN Osio paspymaerca npn yGoprc, woron6ay Sapaneuite ipopocTkon pactentin aposexons ra 3xe, RAK 1 Mp MoKpok rouonne nmenmm. OcronHan Mop: Gops6nr — mporpanaimuanne cemsn. 66 Ja Gops6u ¢ pasmmamne sugasm restonsn paapadoranss cnequambune Mepoupmatn, OcHonHoe — aro comanne mom ve sXoponnix cemermx honyos, cop M xpauenne Koropx HeKMOTalOT saparconme cuopamm napaonra. Beeuata sakien TaieKe MoxGop Yeroliuunsx mporae rosoBHN copros connexo. Boabmyio pox urpaet mporpanaunanne cemenmoro Mare- Puaia, KoTopoMy oGm4HO MpeaMeCeDyer TuKATeALNAN oxsieriea CoMaxt OT rooBuentix aepent — eomonxony — a apyrx npey. max mpusteceii. Cymectoyior wapmanrs mporpasannani KoRpOe, noaycycoe n cyxoe, Moxpoe uporpanaueanite mpousnorar uyrem ofpasorm coman a crenmaxouax mamnax (ITY, 1Y-3) » revenue 510 amuyr = xeannbenupyromjen pacrsope ¢ nociesyto- THM ABYXIACOBLIM MUTepAHBAHTIEM Sepma HOA Speaeittow (romaerme). Sate aopno upocymumaor. Dror wero pero. Nenayores Ju GopsOs ¢ roxonueli mxemmarsix KydlonyD (onec u sraem,). Yame vero xan Moxporo mporpanaeanney Herronpayior ibopstacta (o;ny seconyio tacts 40%-uoro dop- Mamma ua 300 necopsrx vacrelt nojsr). Tpw noayey.zox mporpansumaaun ceweuxoit waropuan o6- paGarsmaeten neGombmnM KomMT¥EcTHOM xealtMamupyomero pacreopa Goxee Kpenxoii nouneRTpanuK: ona necozanyacrL, Gopanamia wa 80 neconax vactel box. Tayi o6pasoriy ceMAH merecoobpasnee neero NPOHBBOLNTS wa CheTMaaDAEX Nauuax. Tporpanneunsze ceqena nognepratoren Toston Tox Gpeacnrom % revenue uersipex. acon, Hoayeyxoe upo. TpanTunATHe MpmMeuTOT ATH oGeasapaxnnanus naeMiees Kyasryp (onca m aumeun). Ha oany tommy suacun pacxo- aywr 15 4 pactsopa, ana oxuy tomy onca — 30 4, Cyzoe mporpanumanue npousnogar. cpaGorkol’ ceusn AgRoRMonMAMNN AeaMpaNUPyOMMAN eNeerseaut uA cite Nuarsusx xamumax. Tporpasnreanwn cayaar rpanoand (HUYAO.2), wepypan, npeunparst B, Te TMT a mpy- THe (oxon9 2 ne na 1 7). Cyxoe mporpasaunarine npmaerao. ca 8 Gops6e © rzepzoit ronouuet nmeums, nyampuarott 1 MBLIBHOM ToxOBHeIt KYRYpyant, B pane cayyaen menomayior repwmveckoo oSeasapantnma- ime coms, CuoRAMeeen K Mporpenamno cesta y roped Rowe HB TOKe TeunOTO BosIyxa. Tepaarseckoe MmpoTpanampa- ume écobenxo adperrmmno rx oGesaapancrmanus aepna, ANYTPH KoTOporO Naxogmrem Mien Napasirnoro Thue (uirtsuas roxomun tumemum). s* a7Cymecsnyior xa nite teputnecKoro uponpensunaai ogworpaanioe w xnyx*hasiioe, B eprom enyuac exons ws a0 . sxumaion 5 roparveit noe (3 vaca up 45° mau 2 aca mpw 47°) uw upocymmnawt. J\syxcbasnoe uporpanmmeasue ROR gurrest caroxtyronuim oGpasom. Conus 2 iat etx 4yaca » rennyto mony (28—82°). Barex ouyexator 1a 4 4a y — 82°), Gar x ue. —410 MunyT B Rosly, HarpeTyto jt * oe caer Gucrpo oxdancaior Tm NOrpy= conterta wnimuMaTor 1 Gxcrp sox : game's xonoqng oj faa paccumaor rows e100. Ha KoWeH, ceMena BuIcyTIInaWT HA AepenAEIOM HOTY Nt Ope fi it KHOCTH. aento jlo HOpsaTRO! BAAAHOCTH, on en Taitount oOune tipi oa aperamamim, pan OF roroom, Cymectayior cuerrazoite mpania Misuterepersa ceancxoro xoastierpa COCP, xoroppimut exenyer icationerese p 2 1a, Hoodxommeo mers B BITAY, pu mporpanmmauiiit 8ep +» way, 870 1, OrfaCHbIMA jE ACHOTETE, ce LpOTpaBHTeNI FRAAIOTCA SAN, ] npn pao e naa ayo exporo coOanrars cooxberemmpmmT epst Gesouacuiocex, Mpoxpaoainsastne paspentaeros mpononmrs TOKO Tog HAOMOEHIEM ArPOHOMA His jpyEOro OTB emomiaancra. : MONT pir repuiecnos ofessapaminalinn sepia. jinn woorpeRa owns neaiayioved Ropwoonnapiika, eePORUUBN, yore: Snr GopLOEt ¢ call opkaMit 17. 7. Honste cocoon eit ontieana perarne A. i Hyswenona (ou, gua «Sanur pacremm i iin 6 NE 2, 1964). oT Bpeauresedi m Gonesneit» y . . Boauaioe avavennio » Gops0e © roxonne mrex 1 arpo rexunragexe akepompnsea, KoTopsIe cuocofemyon FEM it el x INMYRHTOr. y pacronnit 4 TonBMeHITO mx 18 . Perv puda c Tolopesuam rpiGasi “orvacx oGaerracres rex, 10 y GombIITHeTHa uo tx Tepnon, saparkeHEA pacre= tit antin BeH 10 CYIIecTBY Tecko.HK wari pechMa orpanisen pa : quam, Mexaovenne cocranmaer J0ilh mysbrpyaTad pe Kyypyait. Tostomy wce Mepsl, yekoparene poct m yay Tarome cocromime pacrenmi, cHimKaior undberrn0. IB Tex cayuasx, KOrAa aroronITemTbHOl cHicTeMe, B:teRa- nopmo-eKaaeKoMy Xosmiicrey M MpoMBIIDTeMWUOCTH, Mepepa Garsmawomelt gepHo, MpuXoyures cTaTKMRATHCA pomyETo, nopaykenmm eropaMi rodoRNI,— ero cxemyer MomRepra cyXoil 1 MOKpoit OWETKE. 68 CHOPHIASL Cropsins — aro aaGomenanue xyserypmiax 1 gunn ana- Kounix pacrenuii, Ora nusuisaerer rpidos Claviceps pur- purea, Kotopstl ormocirea K cyatarbim. BaGomenanite wut Parkaeren B TOM, WTO w KOdOEKAX matLETO ceMsIH OOpaay ore HIOLUBIe, AOBOHTENO KpyuuEEe (hnoxeToMIe PORK, upexcran- unloume coBoii exaepout rpmrGa (pute. 28). Dro uokommasen Gopma rprba, xoropan mpucnocodiena qm anon. Cre. Polit GoraTs sauacHbMME MiraTeseHsNMN weMecTRAMK 1 co- Repaar wax0 woxpi, Paamep exacpousres KeaeOueres or 2 x0 40 2c, Tipu passione exaeponsa zur, 10 nnytpn on Gee. TbeTeH, a TenI0-GuoneToMii NuMeKT wMeeTeH shin Ba. pYRMX YaeTAX pox, Ma xyawrypmax pacremnit cnopaits same cero woxpe- ‘aeTeA Ha PakH. D1 OGBsCHAETeH ocoGeLHoCTHALL expoeHi UBETKOR pre, oduerqaionuA ux udunnpoRaKue, 1 Goree MpoomAMTersin TepHOAOM uReTeMIA KyatwTypsS, LlyerRH ¥ pak Hoaree spews uaxonurren » oTKpnerom cocTORMN, Tor! Ha Kaw y MMeHMIE, AMMeH LORCA ORM HpMKPHITH YuCTON- TSIMIC WeHRAMI T KPOIONTINAL NeIMYsMM, 13-28 Mero wa StAX Kyabtypax cops Berpevaeres: penxo. Bupowem, » wexo- Topue roxD Mmenma cuinHy aapazaetes enopnitiuell, ‘Tak, » 1922 r. » Cenepnoii Jaxore (CITA) muorne soa Tepyol UUIeHITpSr Goku YIUTTTORReMET HI-Aa eHASHOTO MoparKouttA cro parmpeti. Cnopsmseii wopamatores sryromste, copuuie 1 KopMoniste SuaKH, B TOM UuCHe THIpeli, KocTOp, paiirpacc, oneREBUA, EKA map. Tipu prow aaGouenaum aepua aamemarotom exnepounssit xpHGa, Koropse oGecnstomMmAMT anauTeTsNoe KoMIECTRO cocenAMX ¢ porkKom KouOCKOR, Post crlopsmibu cojepsan sgonrmse wemecrna. Honayan » sumy vexouexy mtn » KOM CROTY, OHM UpiBOAAT K copresmmne aborenaLuAM WectORera It axubormnx, YuoorpeGrenne nummy xaeba, ubzyuennoro ua MYR © pasMOUOTEINNT pomKaME cHopsiuHH, nMsBIRAcT 3AG0- siezanie — «aprornsty, Posi emopunst cxyaar Marepnaztox,, 13 Koroporo mprt= Torommnercn pay dapmanenrayeckux upenapaton, enor BYeMEIX m Mej{imHe. Ou aaKynuoTCA KoHTOpaMn 10 garo- ToRKe seKapeTneHHorO empos. B crenmaabuux xoasiicrnax Nocemr pat HNOrTA MpeyaMepeRMo aapaxawor cnopsmued © MexbI0 GomRINoro cGopa ce pomKos, 69Puyo, 28, Konoent pnar, aopawenmre cuopsmbelt Ha Koxocpax migieM Temume ckxeponm xpKba — epomnas (x0 A. X, Capxucony) B upupomuoi oGcrasosxe Goxeaus mpayporena x paiio- aM, XapakTepHayloMHMcs ToBsIMeHRO;t BULAAKEOCTHIO B BeCER- ne-Jerumit HepHog, % BeTpevacTcA JaseKO Me WORCeMeCTHO ine xarkyorit ro. B rovenrx paitonax CCCP enopsmms eyme- ernennoro anavenia me mMcot. Kpanio pacemorpume uct pasnurust rpiGa Claviceps pur- purea, Cxaeporim rpuGa (poasu) cospenaior oxuonpesenno Co anaKaMm M MoryT OcéIItaTécst 0 YOOPKM itm TOMACTh B LOWY na cxeRyOMMii TOR C HOCeHEAM MaTepuasom. Becnoii, TPM HACTYNACHUK TeNOl Horo, ON popactaioT, OGpasysa nOvobUO sHaduTeMbHOe KoruMEeTBO (or 10 70 30) KpacHoBa- THX POCTKOB, JJOCTHTAMMAX B TeYeHMe HECKOABKUX Auelk AIM- uur 2—4 ca (puc. 29). Ip orpyaexmr v nouny xa rayOuny 76 Puc. 29. Mpopocumit craeponuit enoprsit (gveaieno) (no A,X. Capicony) On Ho 6—10 cm pocrku moryt oKasarsen Gonee amANBINT, ees KE ek:TCpoNMN BAXEAEIRATOTER TayOAKO, OM CORCEM HO npopa- eran, _Kurxgptt m3 pocrxos oxanummaeten roaonnoit (acxoerpo- moi), HeHTpamonan xecrs KoTOpO! RanomHena opmopomKoit TRAHBIO 13 GectToMEX rH, a Ha Mepudepun samcraior p onME coi nepurenum (pne. 30). x yersuya puxerymamr w buge HeGouuNx cocosxon, B nepnter{uax saKmoxeN0 Goub- 7moe Koa¥ectno TOHRIS M_juTKH Hix, MULLIMpHaCeKo;t opynt eyMOK ¢ RocMbIO srreRMMbIMAL acKoeropawm p kaxzoi (pre. 31) Cnopht cilopatteit cospenaior Ko npeserit seroma — sepuonstx xyanryp. Onn ¢ Goubuiolk enztoit puiGpacnmmarorcn ua mepirrenies W paanoonten peTpos. Ionaxan hia Sansab, cHOpsE MpopactwuoT oSpaayior sanexmi, Pips rpaa Hepenowynor aanman; saver wa ee Wopepxuoorsr MawitualoT oGpa- AopEIBATDeA ROTI, MOKPHITBIE Puc. 20. Mpoxoasmaic pas extajiKonaTolt acaKocTHI (Ment pea wepes yoesuvenuyi ro- Holi pocoit), Ona mpuaaexaeT Ha~ Howxy expons Clavieeps — cexomx, KoTOpLle CHocobcTay TOT usps. Tie nennern Senpocrpavenind — xueRi, pureunt, conepyanie, cys PAAMTOCST KOMI mA 9kopowEte Kar co eHopastit (x0 pactoans. Kommmnr (aerimte e1o- Capxucony) DBI) ABTAOTCA NCTOUMKOM BrO- pusnoro gaparkeuus cnopumelt Hocenon AepHOULIX. ). @yaapnoanoo aaGoxenarme ocoenno TacTO MomBaneTCA Ha nospHecHeMIx copTax MMOHMUSK uM uepectosmmmx xaeGax. Bepuo ¢ nonmmonnoit paarknoeTbI0 MO;KeT Mopararhest M Toe- ae yGopxn, Tpu6sr us poga Fusarium mpoxoga? cywmatyio erazimo cnopovomenua, Ipu orom na Komockonmx mm mneTOuMEAX WeHkax H Ha NonepxHoctir sepex @opMupylorea TemnooKpa- MoHMe TepHTCMIT, comepAKAIIGTO CYMRIC ¢ BEpeTEHOBIAEEIAL entopaant (pre. 33). Hepesto nopastenme rpuom Fusarium graminearum 06- sreraaet nileqponme u opraniuiem pactenms matoremssx Oak- ‘vepuit. IIpu orom soaumkaet KOMMITeKcHOe GaxkteprarsHo- Gysapwoauoe nopaxenue sepia, Hepenso y Gomsnoro sepna TonepxHocTs vacTHHO HK HOTHOETKIO TesMeeT (KocReTEBI npmanax). 1Pe, 33, Hepurenm Gibberella saubinotii. Baytpy mepurennen naxonsres cya ¢o enopasa (no A. X, Capxncony) BopsGe c dysapuoamsm sa6onenaunem nomorawt yGopsa » ciKATHIE CPORM 1 XOPOMMyIo Horony, upocyunKa yporKas Her Xpaxtenme Tpit NopMasiolt naaskiocr, Tpx ‘nomtrment0} BUIaRMOCTH Res MACCA BepHa BO YPEMA Xpanenn stozer OuTH creMeHTupopana oGiBKO paspocmMmen aMmmexuem rpuGa, Jian uperorepamerin pocta rpua neoxoqms10 popeert wraKHOcTs RepHa xo 12—13%. Mopancenmoe sepuo ueman cmenumats co 3opowbIM, ero cuegyer xpAHNTs oTjeuTBHO. Jia nioceva xeoOxoquso' mexossv0oRaTb ose ycroliummEle copra, Boawuioe siaventte weir cpox woceRa, uitcToTa T10- doit m7. 7. Bopoe ¢ dbyaapuoaox momoraer TmyaresHam COp- THPoRKa Tocenroro maTepmaza, ¥mATAMOMAS myHAHIE comer, KoTopue Yame neero Gsina‘or Noparerst rpxGoss, Tesecooo- 16 paauo noqaeprars nocennoit Marepnac u repairrecKoit oOpa- Some, yuturoxaomeit nnyrpermow muderumo. Honepxnocr- Hag ments monet Gurb ymraroxena mporpanscmannest rpanosamrom (1—2 xe na 1 7). Or giysapuosa crpazaer u KyKypysa. Oguuat 3 npeqouoc- Worx saGoeBAMIT, BaKTBAeMSIX OTHM WapasitTOM, ABAMETCA xpachas 2Hute novarkos. Bosoyauroxs ee F. graminoarum (Gibberella saubinctii), 'pu6 nopwkaer uoyariar p Lepwog MosoTEO-BOCKORO;i ertenocTH. Ha BepxymKo moTaTKA oGpa- ayeten nazOTHAi ApKo-posonrrit NaxeY YpuOET, HOcTeMeHHO PAcHpoctpansomuiicn chepXY BINS M YacTO CHTOM OXNaTHI- nawomunii Hees MoMaToR, OGeprit MowaTKa MoTHO mpHeTaoT APY? K ApyTy m NpuoSperaior KpactosaTo-nopiMMeRy!0 oKpa- cxy. Tlopaxxenmre aepuonkn cranonsren npacmonato-Kopaa- HOBBIT 1 XPYUKIBUL, BHYTpK HHX OOpasyioveH HycrOTBI, 2a- TOTHeHHDTe cHeTeTeHANT rpHOuANE Jus GopLo.t ¢ GoacsKs10 uponsnogsT BuOpaKoBKY nouaT- on 1a TORAPHLIX I COMEHHKIX HapTitii, C Moist cHeAyer ya JIsTh MoeTeyGopowkie OeTATKIT H MpOBoANTE Ocertttiow nenant- xy. Xopommi peaysrsrar qaer MpoTpanammanme censmH 1 r1e- noaBaonaMHe TaMCyHMGTX CopTON KYKYpyan. Becsxsa pacmpocrpanerro jpyroe sadoaenanne KyKypyant — Gyeapuoa nowarnos u sepna. Jr0 osia x9 uaNGoree EpexUs Goxesneit oti xyswrypo (BoaGy;uTeX Fusarium monilifor- me). Time uprsraxit saGonenawus — opasonanne na MoBepxHoeTH MoYATKA TyeTOrO poaoRoro mM Gexo-posoROrO nayriunororo waxera. Haxer mosmastercs: u Baye or/ertBEX NIaTeH, KOTOPHIe JATEM CANBAOTEs It Mp CALTON passri gaGoueRaHus WoKpsIs@T Rech MOYATOS. Mumezmit rpi6a o6B0- JaKuRAeT OTAeIbHAIe SepUA TOTATKA, MPORMKACT MeAKAY us K crepam, Topamenuste sepia paspyiiaores, pactpeckut- naworea m crasonsres rpaano-Gypumi. 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