Software and Hardware Components 15 Steps in Rescue Process 32

AUTOMATE RESCUE OPERATION MACHINE FOR CHILD USING LAB VIEW
CONTENT
SL NO. PARTICULARS PAGE

NO.
1 INTRODUCTION 4
2 LITERATURE SURVEY 7
3 SYSTEM DIAGRAM 12
4 SYSTEM METHODOLOGY 13
5 SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE COMPONENTS 15

6 STEPS IN RESCUE PROCESS 32
7 RESULT 38
8 ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE 39
9 APPLICATIONS 40
10 CONCLUSION 41
11 FUTURE ENHANCEMENT 42
12 REFRENCE 43
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGIPage 1
ABSTRACT
present time, children fall in the Borewell due to the carelessness nature of the people
in society.
The currently available systems to save the child are less effective and costly too. Thus the
society is in need of a new technique which is more efficient and effective. In most cases
reported so far, a parallel hole is dug and then horizontal path is made to reach the child. It
is not only a time taking process, but also risky in various ways. The borewell rescue system
is capable of moving inside the same borewell where the child has been trapped and
performs various actions to save the child. CCTV camera is used to continuously monitor the
child’s condition. This system has a high power LED which acts as a light source since light
intensity inside the hole will be less. The advancement in the field of automation along with
the mechanical design has a great impact on the society. This project includes series of
process development from hand drawn sketches to computer generated design. The
modern equipments are implemented for various parts of the system, since the system
performs a life rescuing activity.
The light weight servomotors are implemented for the system’s operations. Borewell rescue
System is a human controlled computerized system embedded with additional safety
devices. This project used robotic arm and foldable seat is to hold the child which safely
came out the child from the bore well.
Our Robot design constitutes a best Ergonomics designand Perform safe rescue operation.

1. INTRODUCTION
The bore wells are sometimes left open without any proper covering. The rescue operations
in many cases are more risky even to the rescue team members. A small delay in this whole
process may reduce the chances of saving the child. If the area near the bore hole contains
rocks below certain depth, chances
of saving the child becomes very less. Whatever may be the case the rate of success
depends on lot of factors like time taken for transportation of machinery to the situation,
human resources and mainly the response time of various government organizations. At
present there is no proper method for dealing with this problem. The holes drugged for the
bore wells are around 700 ft deep. A bore well is a well of 4.5-12 in diameter drilled into the
earth for retrieving water. This bore wells are mostly for commercial/industrial purposes. A
bore well is cased in the region of loose sub soil strata open in hard rock or in crystalline
rock. High grade PVC pipes are used for casing in bore wells.
Now a day’s robots are designed to help the human operators in the rescue mission.
Rescue team normally follows the parallel pit process to save the child. The parallel pit
method is shown in fig [1.2] First the team will find the depth of the child in the bore well by
using a rope. Then earth moving vehicles are used to dig the parallel pit next to the bore
hole. This particular step may take time. During this process the child may suffer due to lack
of oxygen and the lack of visualization may turn the situation worst to the rescue team.
In another method a light weight machine as shown in fig[1.1] is sent inside the bore well
pipe and holds the trapped body systematically. The robot is operated through a PC . In
some cases the rescuing robots are also used. Even though all these inventions and methods
exist still there are only 25-30% chances of survivalbore well can vary from 150 feet to 1500
feet.
The main objective of this project is to design and construct a portable system which is
cost effective, quick in action and accurate. This system is also capable of performing life
saving action.The Borewell Rescue System is capable of moving inside the well and
performs operations according to the user commands. The system is operated through
personal computer according to the observations made continuously using CCTV
camera.

Figure [1.2] shows the army members working manually for the bore well rescue. Protect
of youngsters caught inside the bore wells is troublesome as well as a dangerous task.
Rescue groups put in hours and now and again days in futile attempts to spare these little
children. A ton of cash is also spent in these missions. As a rule they can't to save the
children. Such occasions have happened numerous times before, and each time either the
government or the foundation is faulted. The protect procedure to save the tyke from bore-
well is a long and complicated process.
A little postponement in the protect can cost the victim his or her life. The safeguard group
tries to approach the casualty from a parallel well that take around 20-60 hours to burrow.
This con-founded procedure makes 70% of the save operations fall flat. Not very many of
the casualties have been spared in such mishaps. As of late some autonomous robots made
advances on screen to take out the caught body efficiently. Be that as it may, the question
rises, why these bots are not in real life in this present reality. This brings out security issue
that how securely these robots handle the casualty. The safeguard operation for the most
part comprises of three processes: Approaching the Casualty, Dealing with the body, Taking
child out of the well. A customary self-ruling robot can easily play out the first and third
operations in less time. But there is an awesome possibility for harm of casualty as they try
attaching body organs and fabrics. To overcome these obstacles, we have outlined a drag
well recue robot with propelled gear and gadgets. Along these lines the objective of this
venture is to develop and plan a bore well protect framework which saves a trapped baby
from bore well as well as manages outrageous safe handling of the casualty.
The plan of taking care of framework is made such that the casualty gets hurt minimally.
This venture is a human controlled frame-work which with the help of remote camera gives
a knowledge perspective of the victim and steps taken to accomplish this.
FIGURE[1.1]

FIGURE[1.2]

2. LITERATURE SURVEY
[1] Title : Design and Construction of Rescue Robot and Pipeline Inspection Using Zigbee
B. author : Bharathi1 , B. Suchitha Samuel2
When the accident reports of children (and even adults) falling in open bore-wells has
appeared t here is no proper Paper ID: 02130919 75 of 78 International Journal of Scientific
Engineering and Research (IJSER) www.ijser.in ISSN (Online): 2347-3878 Volume 1 Issue 1,
September 2013 technique to rescue victim s of such accidents. W hen the make shift /local
arrangements do not work, Arm y is called in. In most cases reported so far, a parallel hole is
dug up and then a horizontal path is made to reach to the subject’s body. It is not only a
time taking process, but also risky in various ways. Moreover it involves a lot of energy and
expensive resources which are not easily available everywhere. These ad-hoc approaches i
nvolve heavy risks including t he possibility of injuries to the body of subject during the
rescue operations. Also, the body m ay t rap further in the debris and the crisis deepens
even more.
[2] Title : AUTOMATE MACHINE FOR RESCUE OPERATION FOR CHILD.
Author: Shah Vrunda R1 , Chirag S Dalal 2 , Rajeev Dubey3
Current Existing System & Why Rescue Operation is Almost Fail to Save Child Life .
In Recent times in India many innocent children lost their lives to frequently occurring bore
well accidents. Difficulties of Conventional Method of Rescuing It takes up to 30 hours to dig
the parallel pit, by that time the child would have died. Lack of oxygen inside the bore well.
Lack of visualization causes the major difficulty. during the rescue operation. There is no
such special equipment for rescuing the child trapped inside the bore well. There is no
proper technique to rescue victims of such accidents. When the make shift local
arrangements do not work, Army is called in. In most cases reported so far, a parallel hole is
dug up and then a horizontal path is made to reach to the subject’s body. It is not only a
time taking process, but also risky in various ways. Moreover it involves a lot of energy and
expensive. resources which are not easily available everywhere and in this process. we
always need big space around the trapped bore that we can dig a parallel bore

[3] Title : An Automatic Robot to Rescue the Child from Bore Well System
Author: S. Gopinath1 T. Devika2 M.Jagadeeshraja3 M. Rajendiran4
Designing a robot for rescue a child from inside bore well, which is capable of moving inside
the bore well, according to the human comment by PC and also pick and placing based on
arm design. . The robot is operated through PC using wireless Zigbee technology and using
wireless camera can view both audio and video on the TV. This robot has a high power LED
which acts as a light source when light intensity inside the pipe is low. It is a low cost robot
used to monitor and the human controlled robot that gives an insight view of rescuing the
baby safely taken to achieve this.
The rescue operations without human intervention. Here the wheeled leg mechanism is
design to go inside the pipe and the legs are circumferentially and symmetrically spaced out
1200 apart. The robot can adjust its legs according to the pipeline dimensions. The robot has
consisting of power supply, switch pad, and gear motor. The child position is captured from
bore well with USB Camera and monitored on PC. The LM35 temperature sensor and 16*2
LCD are interfaced with PIC 16F877A microcontroller to sense and displays on LCD. The
diameter of the borewell is narrow for any adult person and light goes dark inside it, the
rescue task those situations is challenging. The robotic system which will attach a harness to
the child using pneumatic arms for picking up.
A teleconferencing system will also attach to the robot for communicating with the child.
The facility to monitor the trapped child, supply oxygen and provide a supporting platform
to lift up the child. The 1st motor placed at top turns a gear mechanism which, in turn,
pushes 3 blocks arranged at 120 degrees from each other towards the side of the bore well.
The 2nd motor placed below the plate turns the bottom shaft by 360 degrees, the helping to
locate the gap through which the lifting rod passes. This is done with the help of a wireless
camera attached to the lifting rod
[4] Title : Real Time Implementation of Smart Child Rescue Robot from Bore Well using
Arm and Belt Mechanism
Authors : Jayasudha.M, M.Saravanan
The plan of a robot for saving the kid from bore well. This robot is fit for moving underneath
the drag well, as per the human comment by Pc, it will pick and spot dependent on the arm
structures. It is worked through Pc with the assistance of remote zigbee innovation and
remote camera which is used for video surveillance. The main drawback is that the arm
structure can’t give adequate security to the child while lifting. The dimension of the drag
well is slender for any grown-up in difficult and bright goes dim inside it, the rescuing task in
that circumstance is very difficult.

The automated framework which will join an outfit to the child utilizing inflated arms for
rescuing the child. The video chatting method is also available for speaking with the child.
The robotic arm is like clipper, so that the lifting mechanism is very difficult. designing a
robot consists of three engines to save a child on the drag well. The primary engine is used
for movement which is up and down by using screw bar. Second engine is utilized for
grabbing reason with the surface of lead screw arrangement. Another engine is used to
rescue the child through rack and pinion arrangement. Based on the location of the child,
the whole arrangement can be pivoted. Then the child is lifted from the bore well.
The mechanism of safeguarding child from the bore well. The temperature sensor is used to
detect the temperature and similarly gas sensor is used to detect the gas spillage in the
specific region. ARM compression and expansion method is used for roper up and down
movement. The robotic arm is using relay operation for picking and placing the child. This
method provides safeguarding activities in less time. The major drawback is lifting of child is
very difficult by using gripping arm
[5] Title : Pc Based Child Rescue System from Bore-Well
Authors : Channabasavaraj B D1 , Banu Prakash H R2 , Amar Y N3 , Benson P Varghese4
The major problem faced by the human society was water scarcity. Due to drought and
depletion of underground water more borewells are drilled on the surface of the earth. Due
to water scarcity, more borewells are being sunk. In many areas, the borewells are drilled
and leaved as it as open without any proper covering. This abandoned borewells have
become death pits and started taking many innocent lives especially small children. Now a
days falling of children in borewells are increasing due to the carelessness and playful
activities of the children. The holes dugged for the borewells are deep around 700 feet. In
these cases, the rescue of children from such deepest borewell is quite challenging. Many
times, the rescue system for children from borewells may risk the child life. Children often
fall down in the bore well which have been left uncovered and get trapped. The rescue of
this trapped children is not only difficult but also risky. A small delay in the rescue can cost
the child his or her life. To lift the child out the narrow confines of the bore wells is also not
very easy. The child who has suffered the trauma of the fall and is confined to a small area
where, with a passage of time the supply of oxygen is also reduces. Robot for bore well
rescue offers a solution to these kinds of situations. It is fast, economical and safe.
It analyzed that, in India for past few days, there have been several accidents of children
falling into abandoned borewells which is left uncovered and get trapped. Abandoned
borewells seems to be death pits for children. These borewells in turn have started to take
many innocent lives. In these cases, normal operation of child rescue is done by using big
machines with large manpower involvement. The rescue process to save the child from bore
well is a very long and complicated process. It is time taking process and also risky in various
ways. So, the aim of the project is to prevent the children from falling in ton the borewell.
Our Paper implies a new design which has a sensor kept at top of borewell hole which helps
to sense the child if he fell inside. If the system senses the child the automatic horizontal
closure kept at around five feet depth closes and prevents the children from falling beneath
it. It is easy to rescue the child from five feet than five hundred feet. This system also alerts
by giving siren and messages to rescue team and concern officials with location. Hence this
system will help to prevent children from falling in borewell and get trapped. Moreover, it
has the facility to monitor the trapped child, supply oxygen and provide a supporting
platform to lift up the child driven by motors. The motor placed at the top turns a gear
mechanism which, in turn, pushes 3 blocks arranged at 120 degrees from each other
towards the side of the bore well. The whole system firmly to the bore-well wall. The 2nd
motor placed below the plate turns the bottom shaft by 360 degrees, thereby helping to
locate the gap through which the lifting rod passes. This is done with the help of a wireless
camera attached to the lifting rod. Once the gap has been located, the 3rdmotor adjusts the
radial distance of the lifting rod. When the diameter is adjusted, he 4th motor helps the
lifting rod to screw its way through the gap towards the bottom of the child. Once the lifting
rod reaches a safe position under the child, an air compressor is operated to pump air to the
bladder attached to the end of the lifting rod through an air tube that runs downwards
inside the lifting rod.
[6] Title : an Audit Paper on Bore well Rescue Robot
Author : Praveen Kumar Nayak1, Shefali Saini2.
B. Bharathi :
Describe the designing a robot for rescue a child from inside bore well, which is capable of
moving inside the bore well, according to the human comment by PC and also pick and
placing based on arm design. The robot is operated through PC using wireless Zigbee
technology.
Ram Aacharya:
The primary use of robots includes searching for survivors, where unusual viewpoints can be
perceived with better human-robot interaction. Usual method followed by the rescue team
is first to find the depth of the child in the bore well by using rope. After finding the depth, a
parallel pit is dug using Earthmoving vehicles. This method of rescuing has following
difficulties; it takes up to 30 hours to dig the parallel pit, by that time the child would have
died. Lack of oxygen inside the bore well.

A rescue robot is a robot that has been designed for the purpose of rescuing child. Common
situations that employ rescue robot are mining accident, urban disasters, hostage situation,
and explosion. The bore well rescue robot is capable of moving inside the same bore well
where the child has been trapped and performs various action to save the child

3. SYSTEM DIAGRAM
Safety airbags
FIGURE[ 3.1]
4. SYSTEM METHODOLOGY
The entire system is manually controlled by the user. The functional block diagram of
Borewell Rescue Robot is as shown in Figure []. The CCTV camera is used for continuous
monitoring and records each and every action of the child and display can be observed on
monitor.
CCTV CONTROL UNIT AND BATTERY CCTV

PROCESS CAMERA
CAMERA
PERSONAL
AIR
COMPUTER COMPRESSOR
UNIT
SERVO MOTOR MOTOR DRIVER

CIRCUIT
AURDINO
DC MOTOR
POWER SUPPLY
FUCTIONAL DIAGRAM [4.1]
The robot firstly goes down the pipe with by adjusting its three finger mechanism according
to the dimensions. It is controlled by the operator using keypad of laptop The video camera
mounted on it gives the insight view of the position and location of the target. This video
will be monitored on laptop. The robot then grasps the target by contracting or expanding
its gripper according to the requirement. Temperature sensing is also done by the robot
which is monitored on terminal display. The robot holds the target tightly and brings it out
of the pipe safely.
This whole method is lesser time consumptive and risky than the normal operation.
The fully computerized control unit controls the camera and acquires the images that have
been captured with the help of CCTV camera. With the help of this, the child’s position can
be inferred. The ground control unit comprises of air compressor unit which is used to
supply air to the safety air bag to provide a platform for the child. The video signals received
are analyzed by the user and in turn sends the suitable commands to the robot. These
command signals are then passed on to the AURDINO for further actions to take place. The
metallic plate can be rotated, clamped and rod is inserted inside the gap found with the
airbag tied at its one end. Finally the air is blown into the airbag to form a horizontal
platform. To implement the prototype, 4 DC motor and 2 servomotors are used to achieve
the robotic movements and ensured that the child has been held safely in the robot’s hand.
Once this is ensured the entire arrangement is pulled up using pulley arrangement. The
design of the robot basically consists of three metallic discs as shown in the .The upper
metallic disc has slightly more diameter about 14 inches greater when compared to the
other two discs forming a lid at the opening of the Borewell. Usually the Borewell diameter
varies from 8 to 12 inches. The first and the second discs are interconnected via the rope.
The second metallic disc has a diameter of 8 inches and the third disc of 6 inches. The robot
is designed in a conical shape ensuring that while moving inside the well it will not collide
with the edges of the well which may hamper the rescue operations. A number of
components are used to achieve and control various actions of the Robot. The various

hardware components used are CCTV Camera, Servomotor, Motor Driver Circuit, DC Motor,
Pulley, Safety Airbag and Robotic Arms.

5. SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE COMPONENTS

5.1 LAB VIEW SOFTWARE
LabVIEW is graphically programming language (laboratory virtual instrument enginerring

workbench). It is a powerful tool.
LabVIEW offers a graphical programming approach that helps you visualize every aspect of
your application, including hardware configuration, measurement data, and debugging. This
visualization makes it simple to integrate measurement hardware from any vendor,
represent complex logic on the diagram, develop data analysis algorithms, and design
custom engineering user interfaces.
The programming paradigm used in LabVIEW, sometimes called G, is based on data

availability. If there is enough data available to a subVI or function, that subVI or function
will execute. Execution flow is determined by the structure of a graphical block diagram (the
LabVIEW-source code) on which the programmer connects different function-nodes by
drawing wires. In this project labVIEW software manually c LabVIEW offers a graphical
programming approach that helps you visualize every aspect of your application, including
hardware configuration, measurement data, and debugging. This visualization makes it
simple to integrate measurement hardware from any vendor, represent complex logic on
the diagram, develop data analysis algorithms, and design custom engineering user
interfaces.
These wires propagate variables and any node can execute as soon as all its input data
become available. Since this might be the case for multiple nodes simultaneously. Its key

innovation is that it uses graphical diagrams rather than lines of text which makes it
more intuitive for engineers and excellent for parallel programming.
As long as the application does what you need, the language used is not that
important. However, LabVIEW does make certain things more efficient which can
reduce your training or development time and cost. Where LabVIEW excels is:
 Developer efficiency – Being graphical and being a high-level language
means that (with the right training) developers can be very efficient. A large number
of application-specific toolkits such as sound and vibration analysis, electrical power
analysis or digital filter design also reduce the time to develop applications.
 Hardware support – LabVIEW has excellent support for NI hardware but also
a vast array of different buses and protocols for other equipment such as serial,
Modbus, TCP, OPC and many others. We can find a way to make it talk to
LabVIEW.
 Desktop and Embedded from one platform – Normally embedded targets
such as real-time operating systems or FPGAs require a different skill set to develop.
LabVIEW makes it possible for one developer to work with all three increasing the
capabilities of the system.

5.2ARDUINO
Arduino is an open-source hardware and software company, project and user community that

designs and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and microcontroller kits for building digital
devices. Its products are licensed under the gnu lesser general public license (lgpl) or the gnu general
public license (gpl), permitting the manufacture of arduino boards and software distribution by
anyone. Arduino boards are available commercially in preassembled form or as do-it-yourself (diy)
kits.
Arduino board designs use a variety of microprocessors and controllers. The boards are equipped
with sets of digital and analog input/output (i/o) pins that may be interfaced to various expansion
boards ('shields') or breadboards (for prototyping) and other circuits. The boards feature serial
communications interfaces, including universal serial bus (usb) on some models, which are also
the processing used for loading programs from personal computers. The microcontrollers can be
programmed using LAB VIEW. In addition to using traditional compiler tool chains , the arduino
project provides an integrated development environment (ide) based on language project.
Aiming to provide a low-cost and easy way for novices and professionals to create devices that
interact with their environment using sensors and actuators. Common examples of such devices
intended for beginner hobbyists include simple robots, thermostats and motion detectors
Arduino uno is a microcontroller board based on the atmega328p. It has 14 digital input/output
pins (of which 6 can be used as pwm outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 mhz ceramic resonator
(CSTCE16M0V53-R0), a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button. It contains
everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable
or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started. You can tinker with your Uno without
worrying too much about doing something wrong, worst case scenario you can replace the chip for a
few dollars and start over again.
5.3 MOTOR DRIVER
Motor Driver circuit which allows the DC motor to drive on any direction. It is basically

current amplifiers which accepts the low current signal, from the controller and convert it
into high current signal This motor control circuit allows the voltage to be flowing in any
direction.
Motor is defined as an electric or mechanic device that can create a motion. While
interfacing with the controller; some of the motors like DC motor, stepper motor and
brushless dc motor may require a driver IC or driver circuit. DC motor is a type of motor that
can convert DC into a mechanical power. In a brushless DC motor, it consists of a DC power
source, an inverter producing an AC signal to drive the motor. While stepper motor is a
brushless DC electric motor that converts electrical pulses into discrete mechanical motions
The most commonly used motor driver IC’s are from the L293 series such as L293D, L293NE,
etc. These ICs are designed to control 2 DC motors simultaneously. L293D consist of two H-
bridge. H-bridge is the simplest circuit for controlling a low current rated motor. For this
tutorial we will be referring the motor driver IC as L293D only. L293D has 16 pins, they are
comprised as follows:
Ground Pins - 4
Input Pins - 4
Output Pins - 4
Enable pins - 2
Voltage Pins – 2
Motor Driver ICs are primarily used in autonomous robotics only. Also most microprocessors
operate at low voltages and require a small amount of current to operate while the motors
require a relatively higher voltages and current . Thus current cannot be supplied to the
motors from the microprocessor. This is the primary need for the motor driver IC.

The L293D IC receives signals from the microprocessor and transmits the relative signal to
the motors. It has two voltage pins, one of which is used to draw current for the working of
the L293D and the other is used to apply voltage to the motors. The L293D switches it
output signal according to the input received from the microprocessor.
For Example: If the microprocessor sends a 1(digital high) to the Input Pin of L293D, then the
L293D transmits a 1(digital high) to the motor from its Output Pin. An important thing to
note is that the L293D simply transmits the signal it receives. It does not change the signal in
any case.
L293D And Its Working
The L293D is a 16 pin IC, with eight pins, on each side, dedicated to the controlling of a
motor. There are 2 INPUT pins, 2 OUTPUT pins and 1 ENABLE pin for each motor. L293D
consist of two H-bridge. H-bridge is the simplest circuit for controlling a low current rated
motor.
The Theory for working of a H-bridge is given below.
Working Of A H-bridge
H-bridge is given this name because it can be modelled as four switches on the corners of
‘H’. The basic diagram of H-bridge is given below :
In the given
diagram, the arrow
on the left points
to the higher
potential side of
the input voltage of
the circuit. Now if
the
switches S1 & S4 a
re kept in
a closed position
while the switches S2 & S3 are kept in a open position meaning that the circuit gets
shorted across the switches S1 & S4. This creates a path for the current to flow, starting
from the V input to switch S1 to the motor, then to switch S4 and then the exiting from the
circuit. This flow of the current would make the motor turn in one direction. The direction of
motion of the motor can be clockwise or anti-clockwise.

For simplicity, lets assume that in this condition the motor rotates in a clockwise direction.
Now, when S3 and S2 are closed then and S1 and S4 are kept open then the current
flows from the other direction and the motor will now definitely rotates in counter-
clockwise direction
When S1 and S3 are closed and S2 and S4 are open then the ‘STALL’ condition will
occur(The motorwillbreak).
L293D Pin Diagram :
In the above diagram we can see that,
Pin
Pin Characteristics
No.
Enable 1-2, when this is HIGH the left part of the IC will work and when it is low the
1
left part won’t work. So, this is the Master Control pin for the left part of IC
2 INPUT 1, when this pin is HIGH the current will flow though output 1
3 OUTPUT 1, this pin should be connected to one of the terminal of motor
4,5 GND, ground pins

VC, this is the voltage which will be supplied to the motor. So, if you are driving 12 V
8
DC motors then make sure that this pin is supplied with 12 V
16 VSS, this is the power source to the IC. So, this pin should be supplied with 5 V
13,12 GND, ground pins
Enable 3-4, when this is HIGH the right part of the IC will work and when it is low the
9
right part won’t work. So, this is the Master Control pin for the right part of IC.

5.4 SERVO MOTOR

This servomotor is used for a rotary actuator or linear actuator that allows for precise control of
angular or linear position. It consists of a suitable motor sensor for position feedback It is used to
control the rod .
Wire Configuration
Wire Number Wire Colour Description
1 Brown Ground wire connected to the ground of system
2 Red Powers the motor typically +5V is used
3 Orange PWM signal is given in through this wire to drive the motor
Tower Pro SG-90 Features
Operating Voltage is +5V typically
Torque: 2.5kg/cm
Operating speed is 0.1s/60°
Gear Type: Plastic

Rotation : 0°-180°
Weight of motor : 9gm
Package includes gear horns and screws
SG-90 Servo Motor Equivalent
MG90S Metal Gear, MG995 High Torque Metal Gear, VTS-08A Analog Servo
Selecting your Servo Motor
There are lots of servo motors available in the market and each one has its own speciality and
applications. The following two paragraphs will help you identify the right type of servo motor for
your project/system.
Most of the hobby Servo motors operates from 4.8V to 6.5V, the higher the voltage higher the torque
we can achieve, but most commonly they are operated at +5V. Almost all hobby servo motors can
rotate only from 0° to 180° due to their gear arrangement so make sure you project can live with the
half circle if no, you can prefer for a 0° to 360° motor or modify the motor to make a full circle. The
gears in the motors are easily subjected to wear and tear, so if your application requires stronger and
long running motors you can go with metal gears or just stick with normal plastic gear.
Next comes the most important parameter, which is the torque at which the motor operates. Again
there are many choices here but the commonly available one is the 2.5kg/cm torque which comes with
the Towerpro SG90 Motor. This 2.5kg/cm torque means that the motor can pull a weight of 2.5kg
when it is suspended at a distance of 1cm. So if you suspend the load at 0.5cm then the motor can pull
a load of 5kg similarly if you suspend the load at 2cm then can pull only 1.25. Based on the load
which you use in the project you can select the motor with proper torque. The below picture will
illustrate the same.
After selecting the right Servo motor for the project, comes the question how to use it. As we know
there are three wires coming out of this motor. The description of the same is given on top of this
page. To make this motor rotate, we have to power the motor with +5V using the Red and Brown wire
and send PWM signals to the Orange colour wire. Hence we need something that could generate

PWM signals to make this motor work, this something could be anything like a 555 Timer or other
Microcontroller platforms like Arduino, PIC, ARM or even a microprocessor like Raspberry Pie.
From the picture we can understand that the PWM signal produced should have a frequency of 50Hz
that is the PWM period should be 20ms. Out of which the On-Time can vary from 1ms to 2ms. So
when the on-time is 1ms the motor will be in 0° and when 1.5ms the motor will be 90°, similarly
when it is 2ms it will be 180°. So, by varying the on-time from 1ms to 2ms the motor can be
controlled from 0° to 180°.

5.5 DC MOTOR
A DC motor is used to convert electrical energy to mechanical energy, very typically through
the interaction of magnetic field and current carrying conductors. DC Motors are the most
simple motors to use they can reach a high rotational speed that is dependent on the input
voltage. The reverse process producing electrical energy from mechanical energy is
accomplished by an alternator, generator or dynamo. Many types of electric motors can be
run as generators, and vice versa. The input of DC motor is current/voltage and its output is
torque (speed). The DC motor has two basic parts the rotating part that is called the
armature and the stationary part is called the stator and also rotates the gear box. The input
of a brushless DC motor is current/voltage and its output is torque. Understanding the
operation of the DC motor is very simple from a basic diagram is shown below. DC
motor basically consist of two main parts. The rotating part is called the rotor and the
stationary part is also called the stator.
Almost every mechanical development that we see around us is accomplished by an electric

motor. Electric machines are a method of converting energy. Motors take electrical energy
and produce mechanical energy. Electric motors are utilized to power hundreds of devices
we use in everyday life.
Electric motors are broadly classified into two different categories: Direct Current (DC)
motor and Alternating Current (AC) motor.
Motor drivers will act as current amplifiers since they take a low current control signal and
provide a high current signal. This high current signal is used to drive the motors. Using
L293D chip is an easy way for controlling the motor. DC motors come with a variety of
specifcations, including RPM, no-load speed, maximum current load, and stall torque. RPM
is one of the most important specifications of a DC motor. RPM, which stands for
revolutions per minute, is the amount of times the shaft of a DC motor completes a full spin
cycle per minute. A full spin cycle is when the shaft turns a full 360°. The amount of 360°
turns, or revolutions, a motor does in a minute is its RPM value. So a motor with an RPM of
24,000 is much more high speed than a motor which has 2400RPM. RPM is important when
you need the motor to spin a certain number of times in a given time period. When speed is
important, RPM is a crucial factor to look over when choosing a motor. DC motors are part
of the electric motors using DC power as energy source. These devices transform electrical
energy into mechanical energy. The basic principle of DC motors is International Journal of
Pure and Applied Mathematics Special Issue 128 same as electric motors in general, the
magnetic interaction between the rotor and the stator that will generate spin. A DC
Brushless Motor uses a permanent magnet external rotor, three phases of driving coils, one
or more Hall effect devices to sense the position of the rotor, and the associated drive
electronics. The coils are activated, one phase after the other, they act as three-phase
synchronous motors containing their own variable frequency drive electronics.
5.6 CAMERA

This is an Arduino camera module, adopted the Surveillance cameras digital image
processing chip-OV0706, specially designed for image acquisition and processing
application, based on TTL communication interface, very convenient to connect with
Arduino controller, able to read image and data via UART serial port, and then perform
some image processing. This camera module can perform image processing such as AWB
(auto white balance), AE (automatic exposure) and AGC (automatic gain control), for the
video signal coming from CMOS sensor. What’s more, in fusion of other advanced
technology such as image enhancement processing under low illumination, and image noise
intelligent forecast and suppress, this module would output high quality digital video signals
by standard CCIR656 interface. OV7670 built-in JPEG decoder supported real time encoding
for collected image, and external controller can easily read the M – JPEG video streams,
achieving the camera design of double stream. OV7670 supported motion detection and
OSD display function of screen characters and pattern overlay, capable of self-defining
detection area and sensitivity.
Closed-circuit television (CCTV), also known as video surveillance, is the use of video
cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors. It differs from
broadcast television in that the signal is not openly transmitted, though it may employ point
to point (P2P), to multipoint, or mesh wireless links. In industrial plants, CCTV equipment
may be used to observe parts of a process from a central control room.
Wired security cameras use cables to transmit footage and conduct video surveillance,
but the signal can weaken when the transmission range exceeds 300 meters. Using the

appropriate networking cables, switches, and signal boosters can help overcome this
problem. Several cameras can be interconnected to a single monitor located in a security
room.
Analog cameras have been around for years and are still the most common type of CCTV
camera installed today. They have basic functionality and store video onsite.
IP (Internet protocol) cameras carry out the same functions as their analog

counterparts, but with vastly greater capabilities. IP cameras boast sharper, higher
resolution images and more flexible features like remote zoom and repositioning. They also
give you the option to view footage on a web browser. This makes it possible to receive
notifications regarding anything peculiar your cameras records such as movement inside
your business at 3:00 am and view it live from anywhere via a computer or smart phone.
The major drawback of IP cameras is their higher price tag.
STRUCTURED CABLING SERVICES
All CCTV systems require some amount of cabling, even those with wireless cameras. Cables
link different pieces of equipment together, including monitors, recorders, modems, and
wired cameras.
VIDEO RECORDERS
When a CCTV camera spots something of interest, a recorder ensures you can go back and
view it later. You can set up your cameras to record everything they capture, but that takes
up a lot of storage space. For this reason, you may want to program your cameras to record
only during certain times of the day or when they detect movement. Your video recording
options include DVR and NVR.
DVRs, or digital video recorders, are the modern replacement for analog recorders that use
videotapes. DVRs capture footage from analog cameras in a digital format at the desired
resolution and frames per second. When the hard disk gets full, new images will record over
the oldest footage first.
NVRs, or network video recorders, work similarly to DVRs, but they’re compatible with IP
cameras. Your cameras and NVR connect via a network switch or router. You can easily
access footage on an NVR through a web browser or mobile app.
DISPLAY UNIT
To view live or recorded footage from your security cameras, you must hook up your DVR or
NVR to a TV or monitor. The display unit for your CCTV system can range from a simple
monochrome screen to an HD color monitor. If you have IP cameras, you can also view
footage remotely from a smartphone or computer.

5.7 AIR COMPRESSOR

An air compressor is a device that converts power (using an electric motor, diesel or

gasoline engine, etc.) into potential energy stored in pressurized air
By one of several methods, an air compressor forces more and more air into a storage tank,
increasing the pressure. When the tank's pressure reaches its engineered upper limit, the air
compressor shuts off. The compressed air, then, is held in the tank until called into use. The
energy contained in the compressed air can be used for a variety of applications, utilizing
the kinetic energy of the air as it is released and the tank depressurizes. When tank pressure
reaches its lower limit, the air compressor turns on again and re-pressurizes the tank. An air
compressor must be differentiated from a pump because it works for any gas/air, while
pumps work on a liquid.
5.8 AIR BAG

Pladder is a balloon like structure which moves underneath of the children which prevent
the children from further fall from where they struck in the borewell. It also provided with
the two cameras which shows the gap between children and borewell to make the pladder
move underneath of the children without hurting them. when the pladder reach beneath
the children, the air pipe fill the gas to the pladder and it covers the borewell below the
children struck. When we lift the children borewell using robotic arms the pladder also come
up along with them. So we can easily secure the children without injury.

6. STEPS IN RESCUE PROCESS

6.1 Step 1
Fix the position of stand and pulley arrangement.


6.2 Step 2
Tie the robot to a rope and send inside the bore-well with continuous monitoring.

6.3 Step 3
Trace out a gap between the child and wall of the bore-well.

6.4 Step 4
Insert the rod into the traced gap.

6.5 Step 5
Safety air bag is blown using air compressor.

6.6 Step 6
Hold the child with robotic arms and slowly pull up the entire arrangement.

7. RESULT
All the objectives had been fulfilled successfully and thus we are able to design a child
rescue system to save live. child rescue system is designed with two arms, integrated
camera, air bag, audio and video. The system is capable of moving inside the borewell from
the same hole and perform the rescue operation. The digitally integrated camera helps to
view the position of the child. There is a mic in the camera which helps to interact with the
child. Thus the designed system is helpful in saving the child trapped inside borewell. It can
replace all the old existing technology as it is safer and takes very less time. Saving a life is a
big task and we have successfully made this project in order to rescue child in future in
lesser time. The existing technology was very much costlier than the cost of our project. We
have used the light weighted servo motors so that the system is not heavy and also it is
precise. robot arm and the sensors perform their role in rescue operations. In past 10 years,
a lot of lives have been lost due to falling in bore well because digging a pit beside the bore
well is very tedious and time consuming process. The rescue operation team using this
proposed technology will be safe and the rescue operation time will be reduced and will
retain lives of many in future.
8. ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE

This robot replaces the current systems effectively. It mainly focuses on:
High level safety:
It is very important to have a system which can ensure a maximum level of safety of the
trapped child. While pulling the child up, care has to be taken so that no rupture is caused to
the child.
Fast rescue and performing life saving action:
The Rescue robot provides the child with appropriate oxygen supply. The robotic arms hold
the child from the top and the airbags provide support from the bottom. Hence, the chances

of child slipping further down is avoided. The project also ensures that the rescue operation
is carried out with minimal time.
Cost effective:
The proposed method is economical and requires less cost to rescue the child when
compared to the existing systems.

9. APPLICATION
As bore well child saver: - The main application of the machine is in the rescue operation of
the child from the bore well.
As Pipe cleaning machine: - This machine can be used in pipe cleaning. It can drive through
long pipes and with a rotary brush as an end effecter fitted at front will serve the cleaning
operation of dirty pipes. As the inside surface of the pipes may be wet and slippery the high
quality wheels are capable to grip on the wet surface.
As Pipe inspection machine:- In pipe manufacturing industries the final product is required
to go through inspection process for quality control and prevent any leakage in pipes or any
oil, gas pipe lines are to be surely free from any kind of leakage and damage as it may cause
huge destruction if any kind of accidents takes place. This inspection machine loaded with
special inspection instruments like sensors, x-ray are capable to inspect pipes, thus can
detect any kind of defect which may be the reason for a serious accidents.
Miscellaneous Application: This type of robot capable of climb vertical pipes or drive
through horizontal or inclined pipes may be used in the following areas.
In manufacturing industries
In space programs.
In radio active or highly hazardous environment.
In under water operation.

10. CONCLUSION
Our project is used to save the life of the child who are in the accidental situation in the
bore well we deeply observing the incidents which happen with the child. This project is a
technical development in which rescuing the child and it is an economic to use. We able to
rescue this operation without any loss of life.

11. FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

The Robot can be equipped with necessary cleaning device like brush at its one end so that
it can be used to clean the underground tanks.
The metallic plates can be used below the safety airbag in order to provide extra support to
the child from the bottom.
A small vacuum unit with appropriate pressure could be used to suck the mud particles that
have been accumulated over the baby and disturbing the proper acquisition of the images.
Sponge kind of soft material can be used at the inner arms of the Robot, taking care that it
will not hurt the Baby while holding In Future we can use this Project in Several applications
by adding additional component to this project such as smoke sensor, airbag, mic is used to
listen the voice of the child, leather arm, and small vacuum is used to absorb the water
inside the bore well.
Buzzer sensor is used outside the bore well which prevents the life of child. Our project is
new in innovation in the market it will provide the entrepreneurs the much the new ideas
and it gives benefits to the society.

12 REFRENCE
1. B. Bharathi1, B. Suchitha Samuel , M. Tech (Embedded systems) in Geethanjali College of
Engineering and Technology, Cheeryal (V), Keesara (M), R R Dist, India have discussed about
Design and Construction of Rescue Robot and Pipeline Inspection Using ZigBee ,
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research (IJSER),pp. September 2013.
2. Shah Vrunda R1 , Chirag S Dalal 2 , Rajeev Dubey3 AUTOMATE MACHINE FOR RESCUE
OPERATION FOR CHILD Volume: 04 Issue: 02 | Feb-2015,
3. An Automatic Robot to Rescue the Child from Bore Well System
Author: S. Gopinath1 T. Devika2 M.Jagadeeshraja3 M. Rajendiran4
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 03 | June-2015 www.irjet.net
4. Real Time Implementation of Smart Child Rescue Robot from Bore Well using Arm and
Belt Mechanism Jayasudha.M, M.Saravanan ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-8 Issue-12, October
2019.
5. Pc Based Child Rescue System from Bore-Well Channabasavaraj B D1 , Banu Prakash H R2

, Amar Y N3 , Benson P Varghese4 Volume – 02, Issue – 05, May – 2017, PP – 104-112
6. an Audit Paper on Bore well Rescue Robot
Praveen Kumar Nayak1, Shefali Saini2, International Journal of Engineering Research &
Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181
http://www.ijert.org
Vol. 8 Issue 05, May-2019


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AUTOMATE RESCUE OPERATION MACHINE FOR CHILD USING LAB VIEW

SL NO. PARTICULARS PAGE

5 SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE COMPONENTS 15

8 ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE 39

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

[2] Title : AUTOMATE MACHINE FOR RESCUE OPERATION FOR CHILD.

Author: Shah Vrunda R1 , Chirag S Dalal 2 , Rajeev Dubey3

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

Author: S. Gopinath1 T. Devika2 M.Jagadeeshraja3 M. Rajendiran4

Authors : Jayasudha.M, M.Saravanan

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

[5] Title : Pc Based Child Rescue System from Bore-Well

Authors : Channabasavaraj B D1 , Banu Prakash H R2 , Amar Y N3 , Benson P Varghese4

[6] Title : an Audit Paper on Bore well Rescue Robot

Author : Praveen Kumar Nayak1, Shefali Saini2.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

CCTV CONTROL UNIT AND BATTERY CCTV

SERVO MOTOR MOTOR DRIVER

FUCTIONAL DIAGRAM [4.1]

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

5. SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE COMPONENTS

LabVIEW is graphically programming language (laboratory virtual instrument enginerring

The programming paradigm used in LabVIEW, sometimes called G, is based on data

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

Arduino is an open-source hardware and software company, project and user community that

5.3 MOTOR DRIVER

Motor Driver circuit which allows the DC motor to drive on any direction. It is basically

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

L293D And Its Working

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

L293D Pin Diagram :

In the above diagram we can see that,

3 OUTPUT 1, this pin should be connected to one of the terminal of motor

4,5 GND, ground pins

6 OUTPUT 2, this pin should be connected to one of the terminal of motor

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

14 OUTPUT 4, this pin should be connected to one of the terminal of motor

13,12 GND, ground pins

11 OUTPUT 3, this pin should be connected to one of the terminal of motor

5.4 SERVO MOTOR

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

Wire Number Wire Colour Description

1 Brown Ground wire connected to the ground of system

2 Red Powers the motor typically +5V is used

Tower Pro SG-90 Features

Operating Voltage is +5V typically

Operating speed is 0.1s/60°

Gear Type: Plastic

Weight of motor : 9gm

Package includes gear horns and screws

SG-90 Servo Motor Equivalent

Selecting your Servo Motor

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

Almost every mechanical development that we see around us is accomplished by an electric

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING