Process Design of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger-

Problem- Revisit
A process engineer found a 1-4 heat exchanger designed as per the following conditions:-

 The shell side liquid flow rate = 300 litre/min, needs to be cooled from 75°C to 55°C
with a tube side liquid. Assume countercurrent flow with no phase change. Tube wall
temperature impact on viscosity to be neglected.
 density of shell side liquid = 879 kg/m3
 specific heat of shell side liquid = 2.141 kJ/(kg°C) and specific heat of tube side liquid
= 4.2 kJ/(kg°C)
 thermal conductivity of shell side liquid = 0.15 W/(m°C)
 viscosity of shell side liquid = 15 cp
 tube side liquid inlet temperature= 30°C
 tube side liquid outlet temperature= 40°C
 assume baffle spacing= 20% of shell ID and clearance between shell ID (larger) and
tube bundle diameter= 20 mm
 Temperature Correction Factor= 0.96 with the given conditions
 density, viscosity, thermal conductivity of tube side liquid at the given conditions are
990 kg/m3, 0.73 cp and 0.65 W/(m°C) respectively.
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Process Design of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger-
Problem

 choose dO= 30 mm, dI= 20 mm, L= tube length= 7 ft

 assume both shell side liquid and tube side liquid as viscous (allocation to be
considered feasible)
 constant (viscous liquid) for Dittus-Bolter equation (if required) = 0.027
 assume triangular pitch arrangement (Pt= 1.25 dO) with 25% baffle cut.
 thermal conductivity of tube wall material= 55 W/(m°C)
 fouling coefficient for tube side liquid= 500 W/(m2°C) and for shell side liquid= 300
W/(m2°C)
 Assume UO in W/(m2°C) for actual heat transfer area calculations = Z
 Assume shell side pressure drop = 45 Pa (Jf = 80 under these conditions)
 1 ft = 0.3048 m
Determine the following (upto 1 decimal) :-

The shell side heat transfer coefficient in W/(m2°C)

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 Process Design of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger-
Problem- Additional Data
For Pt/dO= 1.25, for triangular pitch, refer following table:-

No of tube 1 2 4 6 8
side passes
kl 0.319 0.249 0.175 0.0743 0.0365
nl 2.142 2.207 2.285 2.499 2.675

Db= dO (Nt/kl)1/nl where Db= tube bundle diameter, dO= tube OD, Nt= total no of tubes

Tube side flow area = (Nt/Np)(πdI2/4)

Shell side flow area= {(Pt - dO)/Pt}(DSBS)

For triangular pitch arrangement, use:-

1.1[P t 2 - 0.907d O 2 ]
de=
dO
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 Process Design of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger-
Problem- Additional Data
Table for Jh factor values (for the given conditions and 25% baffle cut)

Range of (Re)s Jh factor

200  (Re)s < 700 0.028
(Re)s < 200 0.018

Assume that the shell side pressure drop= 8Jf (DS/de)(L/BS)(0.5ρSus2) (neglecting the
effect of wall viscosity) (all symbols given in all equations have their usual meaning)

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Process Design of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger-
Problem Solution-Revisit

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Process Design of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger-
Problem Solution-Revisit

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Process Design of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger-
Problem Solution-Revisit

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Process Design of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger-
Problem Solution-Revisit

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Process Design of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger-
Problem Solution-Revisit

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Process Design of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger-
Problem Solution

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Process Design of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger-
Problem Solution

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Process Design of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger-
Problem Solution

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Process Design of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger-
Problem Solution

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