E58

Author(s): R. M. Sutton, C. E. Shannon and M. A. Scheier

Source: The American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. 41, No. 3 (Mar., 1934), pp. 191-192
Published by: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. on behalf of the Mathematical Association of America
Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2302271
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 192 PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS [March,

and L must also = 8. But this is contrary to the hypothesis that the ten letters
were distinct, so N can not be 7.
6. The only remaining value for N is 3. Then X =7 and Y= 2 from the last
subtraction. We have already found that J-=1 and U=9. The last product is
now T221 = 7 .LMA3, and following through the multiplication shows that
M=0, L=6 and T=4. The dividend is now 97 603+2=58493 and the entire
division is
6 0 3)5 8 4 9 3(9 7
5 4 2 7

4 2 2 3
5427~~~
4 2 2 1

II. Solution by Rev. M. A. Scheier, Catholic University, Washington, D.C.

Examining each letter in the multiplications and subtractions shows that
none but M can be zero. Therefore M =0.
Then N . U = 10 Y+X and N X = 10 Y+ J. Trying all possible values for N
and U in the multiplication table, the only ones that fit these two equations are
N=2 and N=3.
If N= 2, Y= 1, U=9, X = 8 and J=6 are the only distinct values fitting the
two equations above. But no value of T makes T116 a multiple of 98, so this
hypothesis must be abandoned.
If N=3, U=9, Y=2, X=7 and J=1 are the only distinct values that fit
the above two equations. From the last product we now have L = 6 and T = 4,
whence S =8 in the first subtraction, and the remaining digit 5 must be the
value of R. Substitution and division verifies these values.
Also solved by W. E. Buker, Daniel Finkel, C. G. Killen, H. R. Leifer, A. C.
Maddox, C. W. Munshower, R. S. Park, W. R. Ransom, E. P. Starke, C. W.
Trigg, Simon Vatriquant, B. C. Zimmerman and the proposer.

E 59 [1933, 492]. Proposed by J. H. Butchart, Indianapolis, Indiana.

In the angle A CB of triangle ABC circles are inscribed tangent respectively
to A C at A and to BC to B. Prove that the chords intercepted on the side AB
are equal.
Solution by T. L. Smith, Carnegie Institute of Technology,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Let the circle tangent to A C at A be tangent to BC at F and cut AB at D.
Let the circle tangent to BC at B be tangent to A C at G and cut AB at E.
Since the square of the tangent to a circle from an external point equals the
product of the segments of the secant to that point,

AB = BF2/BD = AG2/AE.

But AG=BF by subtracting equal tangents from other equal tangents, so

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