CONFIDENTIAL CSIJUN 2019/1SP542/ITS462 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE : FUNDAMENTALS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE COURSE CODE : ISP542/ITS462 EXAMINATION : JUNE 2019 TIME 3 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1, This question paper consists of seven (7) questions. 2. Answer ALL questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page. 3. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigilator, 4, Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of |) the Question Paper li) an Answer Booklet — provided by the Faculty 5. Answer ALL questions in English DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO This examination paper consists of 6 printed pages © Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, QUESTION 1 2 CSIJUN 2019/ISP542/ITS462 Consider the following rules in the knowledge base and answer the following questions. Ri IF AND THEN R2: IF AND THEN R3: IF AND AND AND THEN Ra: IF AND. THEN RS: IF AND THEN R6: IF AND AND THEN R7: IF AND AND THEN R8: IF AND. AND THEN Ro: IF AND AND THEN R10: IF AND. AND AND. THEN Family is swan Size is small Bird type is Coscoroba Swan Family is albatross Body color is white Bird type is Laysan Albatross Family is goose Head color is black Cheek color is white Body color is white Bird is Alsatian Goose Family is albatross Body color is dark Bird type is Black Footed Albatross Family is swan Size is large Bird type is Trumpeter Swan Body length is between 35 to 40 inches ‘Wings is short narrow Weight is between 8 to 12 pounds Size is small Body length is between 41 to 49 inches Wings is medium narrow Weight is between 9 to 14 pounds Size is plump Body length is between 50 to 60 inches Wing is long narrow Weight is between 15 to 30 pounds Size is large Order is waterfowl Size is plump Flight is powerful Family is goose Order is waterfowl Neck is long Body color is white Flight is ponderous Family is swan (© Hak Cipta Universit Teknolog! MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL 3 CSIJUN 2019/1SP542/ITS462 Rit: R12: R13: Ri4: IF R16: IF R16: IF Order is tubenose AND Size is large THEN Family is albatross IF Nostrils is external tubular AND Live at sea AND Bill hooked THEN Order is tubenose IF Feet is webbed AND _ Bilis flat THEN Order is waterfowi ‘Wingspan is between 50 to 60 inches THEN Wing is short narrow Wingspan is between 61 to 79 inches THEN Wing is medium narrow IF ‘Wingspan is between 80 to 95 inches THEN Wing is long narrow a) Using Forward Chaining inference strategy, identify the type of bird sooording, to the following set of facts. Show the complete chaining steps and its new facts generated. D) i) Fact set 1 Fact 1: Has webbed feet Fact 2: Has flet bill Fact 3: Has long neck Fact 4: Has white body color Fact 5: A ponderous flight 6: 58.5 inches of body length Fact 7: 89 inches of wingspan Fact 8: 19 pounds of weight (5 marks) Fact 2: Has flat bill 7 inches of body length 3 inches of wingspan Has white body color (S marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL 4 CSIJUN 2019/1SP542/ITS462 b) Using Backward Chaining inference strategy, prove that the bird is Black Footed Albatross according to the following facts. Fact 1: Has dark body color Fact 2: 57 inches of body length Fact 3: 25 pounds of weight Fact 4: 79 inches of wingspan Fact 5: Has external tabular nostril Fact 6: Live at sea Fact 7: Bill hooked (5 marks) QUESTION 2 Consider the following game tree. Apply a left-to-right alpha-beta pruning on the tree by maximizing the winner. If there is any cut- off, licate where it occurs and state the intermediate value for each path. Draw a neat sketch of the tree in your answer booklet. (14 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, 5 CSIJUN 2019/ISP542/IT S462 QUESTION 3 a) Categorize the following premise-conclusion statement into its reasoning strategy. i) Premise 1 : Eight months ago, | met a doctor from Perth and he was friendly. Premise 2 : Five months ago, | met a mechanic from Perth and he was friendly. Premise 3. : Three months ago, | met a waitress from Perth and she was friendly. Conclusion :1 guess most people from Perth are friendly. ii) Premise 1 : The catalog states that all entering freshmen must take a mathematics placement test. Premise 2. : You are entering freshman. Conclusion : You will have to take a mathematics placement test. iii) Premise 1: All the beans in this bag are white. Premise 2__: These beans are white. Conclusion: These beans are from this bag. (6 marks) b) Determine either the predicate given below are unifiable. If itis unifiable, unify the clauses. If not, state the reason. i) father (a,x) and father (b,c) ji) parent (father ( (A) ,B) and parent (father (x) ,y) iii) parent (father ( (x) ,B) and parent (father (w) , y) iv) antecedent (x) and antecedent (parent (x) ) (8 marks) QUESTION 4 a) Differentiate data and knowledge. (4 marks) b) Define knowledge representation. (2marks) ©) Consider the following statement, “An intelligent agent is a computer system that is capable of flexible autonomous action in order to meet its design objectives.” (Wooldridge, 2009) i) State TWO (2) features of flexible autonomous action. (2.marks) ii) Describe TWO (2) possible abilities that must be offered by intelligent agent. (4 marks) d) Explain TWO (2) obstacles to develop a computer system that able to think rationally. (4 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknolog! MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, 6 CSIJUN 2019/ISP542/IT S462 QUESTION 5 a) Consider the following bricks. Given B6 (S) as the start state and E8 (G) is the goal state. i) Using A* algorithm, complete the following search tree to find the shortest route from B6 to E8 without re-visit the state that has been visited. The search tree must show the order in which the states were expanded and the total cost at each state based on the following cost functions. g(n) = the distance of start state to the current state. h(n) = the total cost of move from start state to the current state. Note: * Only vertical and horizontal move are allowed. * 2 points for single vertical move and 1 point for single horizontal move. 1 point (single horizontal move) PF points (single vertical move) =0 h(n) = 0 g(n) B6 | finy=0 g(n) =2 (6 marks) © Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL7 CSIJUN 2019/ISP542/IT S462 CONFIDENTIAL ii) List the expanded state, the shortest route and the cost of that route. (3 marks) b) Differentiate Breadth First Search and Best First Search. (4 marks) QUESTION 6 a) Define Measure of Belief. (2 marks) b) Consider the graph given below. Degree of ‘membership 1.00 0.82 080 0.55 04s. 180 160 170 180 190 200 Height (cm) Construct the following fuzzy sets using following format: ={uy / 150, pz / 160 , us / 170, pe / 180 , ws /190 , us / 200) i) Short v Average il) Average * Tall ill) Alittle Tall (9 marks) ©) Briefly explain THREE (3) disadvantages of expert systems. (6 marks) CONFIDENTIAL (© Hak Cipta Universit Teknologi MARACONFIDENTIAL, 8 CSIJUN 2019/ISP542/ITS462 QUESTION 7 Consider the following First Order Predicate Logic (FOPL) statements. Rule 1:VX,¥ mother_of(X,¥) v father_of (X,¥) > parent_of (X,Y) Rule2:vx,¥,2 brother of (X,Z) ~ parent_of (Z,Y) > uncle_of (X,¥) Based on the predicate contained in FOPL above, answer the following questions. a) ) °) Generate Rule 3 in a form of FOPL statement to describe aunt family relationships. Hint: Use predicate aunt_of, sister_of and parent_of. (2 marks) ‘A woman's mahram is a person whom she is prohibited to marry because of their close blood relationship. Generate Rule 4 in a form of FOPL statement to describe mahram relationships. Hint: Use predicate mahram_of, parent_of, sibling of, uncle of and aunt_of. (2 marks) Based on Rule 1, Rule 2, Rule 3 in (a), Rule 4 in (b) and the following facts given, prove that Akmal is a mahram of Amelia using resolution refutation. father_of (ahmad,akmal) brother_of (akmal,asmah) mother_of (asmah, amelia) (10 marks) END OF QUESTION PAPER (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknolog! MARA CONFIDENTIAL,