Name: _____________________ Class: ____ Date: __________

HSB Test: Health and Diseases

Section A: Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

(a) Sickle cell anemia is caused by an abnormal gene passed on from one generation to the next
(b) Hypertension is a physiological disease
(c) Scurvy is caused by a deficiency of calcium in the diet
(d) Dengue is caused by a virus.
2. A new disease spread quickly through the population of a certain country. This disease was MOST likely to have
been
(a) Caused by a pathogen (c)inherited
(b) Caused by a poor diet (d) caused by drug abuse
3. A vector of a disease is BEST described as
(a) An organism that feeds by sucking blood
(b) An infected animal that passes a pathogenic disease on to humans
(c) An organism that transmits pathogens from one person to another without itself being harmed
(d) A parasite that always harms its host.
4. Which of the following consists only of diseases spread by mosquito?
(a) Yellow fever, HIV/AIDS, dengue, malaria (c) Malaria, dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever
(b) Chicken pox, influenza, dengue, chickungunya (d) Yellow fever, malaria, dengue, influenza
5. Which of the following would be LEAST effective in controlling diabetes and hypertension
(a) Eating a balanced diet containing lots of fresh fruits and vegetables
(b) Exercising moderately and regularly
(c) Practicing good personal hygiene
(d) Attending regular checkups with a doctor
6. Which of the following would be MOST effective in controlling the spread of a viral disease?
(A) Quarantine persons with the disease (c)Treat infected individuals with antibiotics
(B) Practice good sanitation (d)Prepare food using good food handling techniques
7. The outbreak of a certain disease within a human population is UNLIKELY to result in
(a) Loss of productivity (c) increased demands on health services
(b) Increased earnings (d) loss of human resources
8. Which of the following types of disease is caused by a malfunctioning of body organs?
(a) Deficiency (b) hereditary (c) pathogenic (d) physiological
9. Which of the following types of diseases results from a shortage or lack of a particular nutrient in the diet?
 (a) Deficiency (b) hereditary (c) pathogenic (d) physiological
10. Which disease causes wheezing and shortness of breath due to inflammation of the bronchiole tubes?
(a) Asthma (b) diabetes (c) influenza (D) Tuberculosis

Section B: Essay Section Answer all the questions as thoroughly as possible.

1. (a) Briefly explain the difference between a deficiency disease and a physiological disease. Give oNE example of
EACH in your explanation. (4 marks)

(b) Two boys were admitted to hospital with the same symptoms, both were anaemic and tired easily. After
receiving injections with high concentrations of iron, one boy improved. Investigations revealed that other
family members of the boy who did NOT recover, had similar problems and an uncle had died as a young
child, after suffering in the same way.

(i) Explain why iron injections were given AND why the first boy improved when he received them. (5 marks)

(ii) What type of disorder may have caused the symptoms of the boy who did NOT improve and how would you
explain clearly to his parents why they were not ill? (5 marks)

(c) It has been argued that diseases like diabetes and hypertension, which are sometimes called “lifestyle”
diseases , are an unnecessary burden to society.
(i) Do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer fully.

(ii) Describe TWO steps that people might take to reduce the incidence of such diseases. 6 marks.
2. The zika virus is carried by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. This disease is spreading across the Caribbean. Health
authorities are trying their best to reduce the spread of the virus from country to country and within individual
countries.
(a) One method of attack is to reduce the breeding of the mosquito. State and explain THREE pieces of advice
you would give to people in your country to reduce mosquitoes. 6 marks

(b) Explain how a virus carried by a mosquito can be transferred from one human to another. (4 marks)

(c) Apart from their impact on afflicted individuals, pandemic diseases have other effects on the society. In
2014 the chickungunya virus (chick V) was endemic in several Caribbean countries. Describe the social and
economic effects of widespread disease in a country. (5 marks)
 3. (a) Josh got chickenpox when he was 7. He is now 16 and his little brother has chickenpox. Explain why Josh is
able to take care of his sick brother and not worry about becoming sick with chicken pox again. (5 marks)

(b) Distinguish between anti bodies and antibiotics (3 marks)

(c) What is immunity? Differentiate between the terms ‘natural immunity’ and ‘artificial immunity’ (5marks)