Assignment #1: Analog I/O

1. What is the step size of an 8-bit ADC if the Vref = 9V?

[Ans: 35.15 mV]

2. What is the step size of a 12-bit ADC if the Vref = 9V?

[Ans: 2.2 mV]

3. What is the step size of an 8-bit ADC if the Vref = 5V?

[Ans: 19.53 mV]

4. What is the step size of a 12-bit ADC if the Vref = 5V?

[Ans: 1.22 mV]

5. From Question 1-4, what can you observed in terms of ADC step size in relation to Vref and the n-bit
resolution?

6. For an 8-bit ADC, assume Vref = 2.56V. Calculate the binary output if the input voltage, Vin, is:
a. 1.7V [Ans: 170, 1010 1010]
b. 2.1V [Ans: 210, 1101 0010]
c. 2.55V [Ans: 255, 1111 1111]
d. 3V [Ans: 300? No, Answer is Invalid]

7. For a 10-bit ADC, assume Vref = 1.1V. Calculate the binary output if the input voltage, Vin, is:
a. 0.14V [Ans:130, 00 1000 0010]
b. 0.53V [Ans:493, 01 1110 1101]
c. 0.78V [Ans:726, 10 1101 0110]
d. 1.05V [Ans: 977, 11 1101 0001]
e. 1.3V [Ans: Invalid]

8. For a 16-bit ADC, assume Vref = 12V. Calculate the input voltage, Vin, if the binary ADC output is:
a. 3003, 0x0BBB [Ans: 0.55V]
b. 1, 0x0001 [Ans: 0.18 mV]
c. 32768, 0x8000 [Ans: 6V]
d. 65534, 0xFFFF [Ans: 11.9996V ≈ 12V]

9. Assume XTAL = 8Mhz and ADCSRA = 0xC3, what is the clock frequency of the ADC?
[Ans: 1 Mhz]

10. Assume XTAL = 16Mhz and ADCSRA = 0x87, what is the clock frequency of the ADC?
[Ans: 125 khz]

11. Assume XTAL = 12Mhz and ADCSRA = 0xC5, what is the clock frequency of the ADC?
[Ans: 375 khz]