Максимова Анастасия, 4Г

Ex. 1, p. 98

Обнаружение высоты и расстояния, search radar, участки местности,

наводить ракету в цель, pitch, определить положения кораблей, air traffic
control, radio height finder, абсолютная высота, высотометр, true bearing,
бортовой объект, long range surveillance, корабельный РЛС, угол возвышения,
помеха, отраженный сигнал, РЛС сопровождения, захват цели.

Ex. 2, p. 98

1. What is a radar?
Radar is an acronym made up of the words radio detection and ranging.
2. What are modern radar used for?
Modern radar systems are used for early detection of surface or air
objects and provide extremely accurate information on distance,
direction, height, and speed of the objects.
3. Which characteristics radar systems have in common with telescope?
Radar systems also have some characteristics in common with telescopes.
Both provide only a limited field of view and require reference
coordinate systems to define the positions of detected objects.
4. How can you classify radar systems?
Some radar systems are used for air-traffic control at airports and others
are used for long-range surveillance and early-warning systems.
5. What is search radar designed for?
Search radar is designed to continuously scan a volume of space to
provide initial detection of all targets.
6. What radars are used in military?
Moving-target indicators, Radar altimeter.
7. What types of radars are divided into?
Search radar systems are further divided into specific types, according to
the type of object they are designed to detect. For example, surface-
search, air-search, and height-finding radars are all types of search radar.
8. What two primary functions do a surface-search radar system have?
A surface-search radar system has two primary functions: (1) the
detection and determination of accurate ranges and bearings of surface
objects and low-flying aircraft and (2) the maintenance of a 360-degree
search pattern for all objects within line-of- sight distance from the radar
antenna.
9. What is surface-search radar used for?
Surface-search radar is used to detect the presence of surface craft and
low flying aircraft and to determine their presence.
10. How does a radar operate?
If you shout in the direction of a sound-reflecting object (like a rocky
canyon or cave), you will hear an echo. If you know the speed of sound
in air, you can then estimate the distance and general direction of the
object. The time required for a return echo can be roughly converted to
distance if the speed of sound is known.

Ex. 4, p. 99

Radar is a radio-electronic device designed to detect and determine the

location of objects in the air, at sea and on land by irradiating them with
radio waves. Modern radars not only detect individual objects, but also
indicate the distance to them, determine their position in space, size and
shape, speed and direction of movement. There are a large number of
different radar stations, but they all consist of the following basic
elements: transmitter, receiver, antenna, timer and, of course, power
supply.
According to the radar location method, active or active response
stations are distinguished from passive stations.
The action of an active radar is based on the irradiation in the
direction of the object of the direct radar signal and the reception of an
echo signal reflected from the object. Examples of stations with an active
response are the radar beacon and the operation of the "friend-foe"
identification system. A radar station with a passive response does not
have a transmitting device, and their natural radiation is used as signals
from objects.