Assessment of self reported chronic diseases prevalence among women in the

reproductive age: a cross-sectional study in Odisha, India.

STUDY OBJECTIVES

1. To find out the prevalence of self reported chronic diseases among women residing
in rural area in Balianta village.
2. To find out association between prevalence of chronic diseases and selected
demographical variable.

BACKGROUND

According to World Health Organization (WHO), a chronic disease is a disease that persists
for a long time. A chronic disease is one lasting 3 months or more and generally cannot be
prevented by vaccines or cured by medication, nor do they just disappear.Globally NCDs
were the leading cause of mortality, morbidity, and disability. NCDs account for 38 million
deaths in the world each year. About three quarters (28 million) of these deaths occur in
low- and middle-income countries(WHO,2014).cardiovascular diseases (coronary heart
disease, stroke, and hypertension) contribute to 45% of all NCD deaths followed by chronic
respiratory disease (22%), cancers (12%) and diabetes (3%)(WHO,2014).NCDs associated
deaths are projected to increase by 15% between 2010 and 2020, and 20% globally. Socio-
economic and demographic factors have been associated with NCDs. Being female or male,
advanced age, lack of formal education, greater wealth, and residence in urban areas were
associated with NCDs in India. With respect to marital status, loss of spouse (widowhood) or
separation from spouse is a key risk factor for NCD.

Rational of the study:

Due to epidemiological and demographic transition, there is a gradual shift from

communicable disease to non-communicable disease (NCD’s). Approximately, 50% of the
population of India is suffering from NCD’s and major cause mortality and morbidity.
Identify the possible determinants and the most vulnerable group at risk. Estimate the
economic burden impose by NCD’s on individuals. Evidences help the policy makers for
priority settings in health sector given limited resources and also a base for further research
studies.

STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING

This study is a population-based cross-sectional study. Balianta block of Odisha, India to be taken as
study setting.
SAMPLE SIZE AND POWER OF THE STUDY
Assuming a prevalence of 40%, the estimated sample size is 816 women. 80% power at a significance
level of 95% to be considered. Accounting for non-response, our final sample size was planned to be
875. The sample size was calculated using the Open-Epi tools.

Anticipated prevalence: 40%

Power: 80%
Confidence level: 95%
Design effect: 2.5
Calculated Sample =816
Accounting for non-response = 875

DATA MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS SOFTWARE

Data will be collected and entered in to “Redcap” (Research Electronic Data Capture) software and
analyzed with the help of the statistical software, STATA (version 11.0). The data will then accessible
in frequencies, cross tabulations and diagrams as required. A descriptive analysis included measures
of central tendency like the mean, measures of variability like standard deviation and range and
univariate analysis. Inferential analysis will also carry out using chi square and logistic regression. All
the analysis will be based on the stated study objective.

DATA CONFIDENTIALITY
Required Information gathered from participants is kept confidential and may only be used for the
purpose of the study. The researcher is responsible for the security and safe keeping of the
information gathered. All data files are kept in password-protected files.

QUALITY CONTROL AND QUALITY ASSURANCE

Piloting of the pre-designed questionnaire guide will be carried out before actual data collection. The
quality of data collected by me will ensure through direct supervision by field supervisors and
subsequently by the project manager. A sample (10%) of collected data will be cross-checked daily
by the supervisory team and me. Field verifications will be conducted to resolve identified
inconsistencies and incompleteness as and when required. Quality control procedures for this
research study will be done by using “REDCap” software.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PLAN

My study is a population based cross sectional study, where a random sample is selected from the
population census. Descriptive statistics (frequency, means, and standard deviations) and
multivariate logistic regression model will be used for result calculation. The relationship between
the exposure variable in my study that includes age, educational level, occupation, socioeconomic
status, caste, religion, access to health facility and the outcome that includes prevalence of self
reported chronic disease should be extracted.

Reference

(Phaswana-mafuya et al., 2013)Phaswana-mafuya, N., Peltzer, K., Chirinda, W.,

Musekiwa, A., Kose, Z., Hoosain, E., & Davids, A. (2013). Self-reported
prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases and associated factors
among older adults in South Africa, 1, 1–7.