Basic Counting Techniques 4th Quarter in Mathematics

Bernadette is a senior student of a certain school. Her father drives her to Name: ___________________________________ Score: _____________
school before 7:00 a.m. Due to heavy traffic, her father consider s options to arrive Grade 8- _____________________ Date: ______________
in school on time. There are two routes from their house to the plaza area and three A. Solve each problem.
routes from the plaza area to the school. I. Answer the following scenario.
The diagram below shows the number of ways they can reach the school. 1. Choosing a cellphone that comes in black, white
or gold that is 3g or 4g. How many possible
outcomes are there?

The possible ways of going from the house to the school are listed as
follows. 2. Basketball uniform in white, red, blue, yellow or green which comes in sizes
W3 W4 W5 small, medium or large. How many possible outcomes are there?
W1 W1 W3 W1 W4 W1 W5
W2 W2 W3 W2 W4 W2 W5

A tree diagram can also clearly illustrate the possible ways to drive from
the house to the school. 3. You have a choice of one main dish,
Main dish Vegetable Beverage
one vegetable, and one beverage. The
- lobster -carrot - cola
main dish are lobster, pata, chicken,
-pata, -lettuce -tea
fish and steak. The vegetable are carrot,
-chicken -coffee
lettuce or broccoli. The beverage are -broccoli.
-fish -pineapple
cola, tea, coffee or pineapple.
-steak
 MULTIPLICATION PRINCIPLE OF COUNTING a. How many meals are possible?
If an event can happen in n1 ways, and after it has happened, another event b. How many outcomes show lobster?
can happen in n2 ways, then both events can happen in (n1)(n2) ways. c. how many outcomes show chicken and broccoli?
 ADDITION PRINCIPLE OF COUNTING
If an object has n1 choices and another object has n2 choices, then there are
n1 + n2 ways to choose one of the objects.
Examples:
4. How many five – digit numbers can be formed
1. How many two – digit even numbers can be formed from the digits 0, 1, 3, 4, 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
for the set (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) if zero cannot be
5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 if repetition of digits is permitted?
the first digit and the given condition for each is
2. How many two – digit even numbers can be formed from the digits 0, 1, 3, 4,
to be satisfied?
5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 if repetition of digits is not allowed?
a. Repetitions are allowed.
3. In a mathematics class, the teacher presented 10 math trivia. Each student was
b. Repetitions are not allowed.
given the option to choose one or two trivia to answer for additional credits
c. The number must be odd.
under exploratory work. In how many ways can a student choose the trivia for
d. The number must be less than 40,000 without repetitions.
extra credit?