ST130: Basic Statistics

Faculty of Science, Technology & Environment

School of Computing, Information & Mathematical Sciences

Final Examination
Semester 1, 2016

Mode: Face to Face & Online

Duration of Exam: 3 hours + 10 minutes

Reading Time: 10 minutes

Writing Time: 3 hours

Total marks: 100

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. This exam has FIVE (5) questions of 20 marks each and all are compulsory.
2. Write your answers in the answer booklet provided.
3. Start each question on a new page.
4. Show all necessary working. Partial marks will be awarded for partially correct answers.
5. There are 5 pages in this exam paper (including this cover page).
6. This exam is worth 50% of the overall mark. The minimum exam mark is 40/100.
7. You may use a NON PROGRAMABLE calculator.
8. Eton Statistical Table and Formula Sheet are provided.
 ST130 FINAL EXAMINATION SEMESTER 1, 2016
Question 1 Start on a new page [10+10 = 20 marks]

(A) The following data give the amounts of electricity bills (rounded to the nearest dollar) for the past
one month for 30 families.

75 34 47 26 56 29 48 42 33 67
38 41 63 55 61 73 61 76 46 51
55 42 35 39 45 71 24 47 67 52
i) Construct a frequency distribution table. Take the classes as 21 – 30, 31 – 40, 41 – 50, 51 – 60,
61 – 70 and 71 – 80.

ii) Draw an ogive for the frequency distribution.

iii) What percentage of the families has a monthly electricity bill of $61 or more?
(5+3+2=10 marks)

(B) The following data give the weight (in pounds) lost by 15 members of a health club at the end of
two months after joining the club. (Assume sample)
5, 10, 8, 7, 25, 12, 5, 14, 11, 10, 21, 9, 8, 11, 18

Calculate the following:

i) Mean
ii) Standard deviation.
iii) 82nd percentile.
(3+4+3=10 marks)

Question 2 Start on a new page [4+4+4+4+4= 20 marks]

(A) If a card is picked from a pack of 52 cards, find the probability of selecting a red card or a 5.
(B) The recovery rate from the common eye disease for the USP students is 0.9. If 4 students have this
disease, what is the probability that exactly 2 will recover? (Assume independence)
(C) Two cards are drawn at random (without replacement) from a regular deck of 52 cards. What is the
probability that the first card is a red and the second card is a heart?
(D) A newborn child can be given 1, 2 or 3 names. In how many ways can a child be named if we can
choose from 200 names?
(E) What is the probability that a seven-digit phone number contains the number 7?

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 ST130 FINAL EXAMINATION SEMESTER 1, 2016
Question 3 Start on a new page [4+4+8+4= 20 marks]
(A) The probability density function of a discrete random variable Y is given by P(Y  y)  cy 2 , for
y  01 2 3 4 Given that c is a constant, find the value of c .
(B) A shoe store’s records show that 30% of customers making a purchase use a credit card to make
payment. This morning, 20 customers purchased shoes from the store. Find the probability that at
least 2 of the customers used a credit card. (Assume independence)
(C) The weights of potatoes produced by one particular farm are found to be approximately normally
distributed, with a mean of 147g and a standard deviation of 23g.
i) What proportion of potatoes produced by this farm will weigh less than 160g?
ii) Of all the potatoes produced on the farm, 5% are considered too light. What is the maximum
weight that would be considered too light?
(4+4=8 marks)
(D) The average electricity bill in a residential area is $72 for the month of April. The standard
deviation is $6. If the amounts of the electricity bills are normally distributed, find the probability
that the mean of the bill for 15 residents will be less than $75.

Question 4 Start on a new page [6+7+7= 20 marks]

(A) A quality analyst is asked if there is a significant difference between the lifetime of ‘power’
batteries and ‘super’ batteries when they are used in torches. In order to answer this question, she
collects data from a random sample of each model. The results are shown in the following table:

Power Super
Sample size 40 40
Sample mean (in hours) 10.73 9.35
Sample standard deviation (in hours) 1.09 0.65

Let 1 be the mean lifetime of all ‘power’ batteries and  2 be the mean lifetime of all ‘super’
batteries.

i) Find the 99% confidence interval for 1  2 .

ii) Do the quality analyst’s results suggest that there is a significant difference between 1 and

2 ? Justify your answer?

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 ST130 FINAL EXAMINATION SEMESTER 1, 2016
(4+2=6 marks)

(B) The lifetime in hours of a battery is known to be approximately normally distributed, with standard
deviation 1.25 hours. A random sample of 10 batteries has a mean life of 40.5 hours. At   0.05,
is there evidence to support the claim that battery life exceeds 40 hours?

(C) The Suva Energy Information Administration reported that 51.7% of homes in Suva were heated
by natural gas. A random sample of 200 homes found that 115 were heated by natural gas. Does
the evidence support the claim? (Use   0.05 and a P-value method).

Question 5 Start on a new page [13+7= 20 marks]

(A) An emergency service wishes to see whether a relationship exists between the outside temperature
and the number of emergency calls it receives for a seven-hour period.
Temperature, x 68 74 82 88 93 99 101
Number of calls, y 7 4 8 10 11 9 13

i) Compute the sample correlation coefficient.

ii) Test the significance of the correlation at   0.05.
iii) Find the equation for the regression line and use it to predict the number of calls, when the
temperature is 80 .
(4+6+3=13 marks)

(B) The following table records the observed number of births in CWM hospital in four consecutive
quarterly periods.

Quarters Jan - Mar Apr - Jun Jul - Sep Oct- Dec

Number of births 29 55 26 41

It is conjectured that twice as many babies are born around April-June quarter than any of the other
three quarters. At a 10% significance level, test if the data strongly supports, the stated conjecture.

   END OF EXAM   

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 ST130 FINAL EXAMINATION SEMESTER 1, 2016
FORMULAE

 X 
2

X X 2

n
1. X  and S2  .
n n 1
2. P ( A  B )  P ( A)  P ( B ). If A and B are independent.
3. P ( A  B )  P ( A)  P ( B A). If A and B are dependent.
4. P  A  B   P ( A)  P ( B )  P ( A  B ).
P( A  B)
5. P ( B A)  .
P( A)
6. P ( X  x)  nC x p x q n  x .
X 
7. Z  .
/ n
pˆ  p
8. Z  .
pq / n

9. Z 
X 1  X 2    1  2 
.
 12  22

n1 n2
n   xy     x   y 
10. r  .
 n  x 2    x 2   n  y 2    y 2 
       
n2
11. t  r .
1 r2
12. The regression line y '  a  bx, where

a
  y    x     x   xy  ;
2

b
n   xy     x   y 
.
n  x    x n   x2     x 
2 2 2

(O  E )
13.   
2
2
.
E

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